________ ________, literature is the expression of life in the forms of truth and beauty, the written record of man’s thoughts and feelings, and the history of the human soul. （根据课文内容填空）

在空自处填入 1 个适当的单词或者适当形式。

1. The price of petrol_____________ (rise) sharply since last month.

2. If you live abroad for some time you risk___________ (lose) old friends in your homeland.

3. In some European countries it is rude____________ (arrive) late for dinner

         you don’t like him is none of my business.

   A. What         B. who           C. That        D. Whether

1．A v________ collection of painting is on show.

2．A good r________ between parents may have a good effect on their children.

3．He will be p________ for speedy driving one day.

4．The visitors are f________ to touch the exhibits and take photos in the museum.

5．It's harmful to smoke，especially for the t________ who are still growing.

Urbanization

Until relatively recently, the vast majority of human beings lived and died without ever seeing a city. The first city was probably founded no more than 5,500 years ago.    36   . In fact, nearly everyone lived on farms or in tiny rural villages. It was not until the 20th century that Great Britain became the first urban society in history— a society in which the majority of people live in cities and do not farm for a living.

Britain was only the beginning.        37    The process of urbanization—the migration (迁移) of people from the countryside to the city — was the result of modernization, which has rapidly transformed how people live and where they live.

In 1990, fewer than 40% of Americans lived in urban areas. Today, over 82% of Americans live in cities. Only about 2% live on farms.         38  .

Large cities were impossible until agriculture became industrialized. Even in advanced agricultural societies, it took about ninety-five people on farms to feed five people in cities.  39  . Until modern times, those living in cities were mainly the ruling elite(精英) and the servants, laborers and professionals who served them. Cities survived by taxing farmers and were limited in size by the amount of surplus food that the rural population produced and by the ability to move this surplus from farm to city.

Over the past two centuries, the Industrial Revolution has broken this balance between the city and the country.         40   . Today, instead of needing ninety-five farmers to feed five city people, one American farmer is able to feed more than a hundred non-farmers.

A. The rest live in small towns.

B. That kept cities very small.

C. Soon many other industrial nations become urban societies.

D. The effects of urban living on people should be considered.

E. But even 200 years ago, only a few people could live in cities.

F. Modern cities have destroyed social relations and the health of human being

G. Modernization drew people to the cities and made farmers more productive.

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均限一词。

      2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

  Have you ever seen blue ice cream topped with black fruits? That sounded foreign and not delicious at all! That’s the power of colors. It can neither make your dinner more delicious or spoil the whole table. Scientists have found that blue can make people losing appetite. If you don’t want to eat too many at your classmate’s birthday party, put his cake on a blue plate. You’ll stop eating soon. Why is it people don’t feel like eat when they see blue? It’s all in their mind. People relate the color of food they see the food in their memory. There are almost no blue leafy vegetable and no blue meat, so people get a “foreign” or “strange” feeling about the blue food itself. So what should go into dishes? You need to think it over after helping your mum with dinner to make a better decision.

Can you believe everything that you read? It seems as if every day, some new  articles come out about a new discovery about this or that. For example, water is bad for you, or good for you. The answer depends on which   scientific study has just come out. People cannot decide which food items are healthy, how pyramids  were constructed, and why dinosaurs disappeared. When we look for answers we sometimes can believe persuasive researches and scientists. But how trustworthy are they really? Here are two examples of scientific hoaxes (骗局). 

As far back as 1726, Johann Beringer was fooled by his fellow scientists into  thinking he had made an     amazing discovery. The fossils of spiders, lizards, and  even birds with the name of God written on them in Hebrew were unlike anything  that had been found before. He wrote several papers on them and was famous for  those only to have it revealed that they were planted by jealous colleagues to ruin  his reputation.

When an early human being was discovered in 1912, scientists at this time were wild with excitement over   the meaning it had for the theory of evolution.  There were hundreds of papers about this Piltdown man over the   next fifty years until it was finally discovered to be a complex hoax. The skull (头骨) of a man had been mixed with the jawbone of an orangutan (猩猩) to make the ape (猿) man. 

The next time you read the exciting new findings of a study of the best  scientist, do not automatically      assume that it is true. Even qualified people can get  it wrong. Though we certainly should not ignore scientific   research, we do need to  take it with a grain of salt. Just because it is accepted as the truth today does not mean it will still be trustworthy tomorrow.

28. What is the reason why Johann Beringer was fooled? 

A. His fellow scientists wanted to make fun of him. 

B. His workmates are eager to become famous too. 

C. These scientists made a mistake because of carelessness. 

D. His colleagues was jealous of him and did so to destroy his fame. 

29. The excited scientists thought that this Piltdown man ________. 

A. was in fact a complex hoax                   B. was a great scientific invention 

C. contributed to the theory of evolution           D. had the skull like that of an ape 

30. What does the underlined phrase “with a grain of salt” in Paragraph 4 mean? 

A. Happily.      B. Generally.       C. Doubtfully.       D. Completely. 

31. What can we learn from the passage? 

A. Hebrew is probably a kind of language. 

B. Truths of science will never be out of time. 

C. People believe scientists because they are persuasive. 

D. We are advised to believe famous scientists. 

 Only Mary read her composition the second time ________ the spelling mistake.

A. did she notice             B. she noticed               C. does she notice        D. she has noticed

Big Ben, the Queen, a plate of ham and eggs – no, no, no. If you’re looking for a symbol of Britain, only one thing passes the test – the umbrella.

Now, I know what you’re thinking – we have rain in China and we have umbrellas too. Certainly, I will never forget the way it rained when I lived in Beijing: the streets became instant (立即的) rivers and the sky flashed with lightning for hours on end. People rushed for cover under bin bags, the shops were emptied of their plastic ponchos (斗篷) within seconds, and I found myself soaked (浸透) from head to foot, my poorly-chosen skirt and T-shirt now totally see-through.

This would never have happened in Britain. For one thing, during my year in Beijing, it only really rained about 10 times. But although we never get a Beijing-style washout in London, the drizzle (毛毛雨) that does fall is all but constant. Even when the sky is perfectly blue, you can be sure it’s going to cloud over and start drizzling again within the hour.

And when it does, there is chaos. Trains stop, drains (下水道) block, and buses break down as if this was the first time the local authorities had seen this wet stuff coming out of the clouds.

So, as with so many things in the UK, it’s up to ordinary people to sort themselves out. No self-respecting Briton will ever leave home without his “brolly” – as the umbrella is affectionately (亲切地) known.

A brolly has hundreds of uses, even on rare rain-free days. A real gentleman of London will use his umbrella as a walking stick. A traditional game of cricket (板球) can be played using an umbrella as a bat (球棒). Nor do you ever have to be afraid of robbers – your umbrella doubles as a defensive weapon (武器).

There is no brolly more British than my own. But it’s not from London or Manchester or anywhere in the UK. It was a gift from my Chinese teacher – in Beijing.

How fitting that my No 1 symbol of Britishness – like almost everything in Britain – was made in China.

28. The author mentioned her rainy weather experience in Beijing to show that ______.

A. many foreigners have embarrassing moments living in Beijing

B. the rain in Beijing is usually much heavier than the rain in London

C. unlike Beijingers, it is necessary for British people to get prepared for whenever-possible rain

D. both Beijingers and Londoners have unpleasant experiences with sudden rain

29. The underlined word “this” in Paragraph 3 refers to “______”.

A. people getting extremely wet on rainy days资*源%库 ziyuanku.com

B. sudden rain leading to traffic troubles

C. people being well-prepared on rainy days

D. it only raining a dozen times per year

30. The underlined word “chaos” in Paragraph 4 probably means ______.

A. doubt B. excitement C. joy D. disorder

31. What is the main idea of the article?

A. Beijing-style rain and London-style drizzles both bring chaos.

B. Everything in Britain was made in China.

C. Why the umbrella is the best symbol of Britain.

D. What British people use a brolly for.