Do you enjoy reading? Do you read newspapers or magazines? Chances are, if you do any of these activities, your pre-school child is on his way to becoming a reader.
The process of learning to read is complex, and one of the most important things to know is that parents can help their children learn to read. As children have conversations with adults, they hear both new and familiar words and their vocabulary grows.
There are many opportunities for adults and children to talk together, such as when riding in the car or in a bus, doing housework like fixing dinner, or bathing and getting ready for bed. A major part of conversation is listening. When children talk, adults listen and respond. Then children listen and respond, and so the flow of conversation happens.
Have you watched you pre-school child pretend to read to his younger sisters or brothers? Have you read his favorite story over and over? These experiences tell children that reading is fun. And when things are fun and they are repeated, your child will see letters. He begins to connect them to familiar words, especially the letters that make up his name. A natural next step for him to take is to write the letters.
When children see parents make a grocery list, they want to use a pencil and paper to make their own list. To encourage these beginning writing activities, have pencils, markers, crayons and scrap paper within your children's reach.
The more children get connected with talking, listening, reading and writing, the easier it is for them to become active readers. While you as a parent have a big influence on these early behaviors, it is important to remember that opportunities for literacy experiences happen when you and your child share in the basic routines (日常生活) of everyday life.
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1）每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2）只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
When I am a little girl, I wanted to be a film star. I thought it would be cool to be in the middle of the stage. I used to thinking if I became a film star, I would make many money and lead a happy and rich life. But I changed my dream. Over the recently months, I have seen many doctors and nurses who tried their best save others despite the danger they face and tiredness. They are real hero in our society. They are the most beautiful people in your heart, who, as a matter of fact, deserves our highest respect. I have been made up my mind to be one of them and to be an useful person.
1）你的建议:旅行等。
2）你的理由。
注意：1）词数100左右；
2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
It turns out that nodding off (睡觉) in class may not be a bad idea, as a new study has shown that going to sleep shortly after learning new materials is the best way to remember them.
According to US lead author Jessica Payne, a psychologist at the University of Notre Dame in Indiana, nodding off after learning something new is like "telling" the sleeping brain what to remember. Along with colleagues, she studied 207 students who slept for at least six hours per night. Students were randomly (随机地) assigned to study something declarative (陈述的) at 9 am or 9 pm, and returned for testing 30 minutes, 12 hours or 24 hours later.
Declarative memory refers to the ability to consciously (有意识地) remember facts and events, and can be divided into memory for events and memory for facts about the world. People use both types of memory every day — remembering where they parked today or learning how a colleague prefers to be called.
At the 12-hour retest, memory was better following a night of sleep compared to a day of wakefulness (不眠). At the 24-hour retest, with all students having received both a full night of sleep and a full day of wakefulness, students' memories were greater when sleep happened shortly after learning rather than following a full day of wakefulness." Our study confirms that sleeping directly after learning something new is beneficial for memory. What's special for this study is that we have shown sleep's influence on declarative memory," Payne said. "Since we found that sleeping soon after learning benefited both types of memory, this means that it would be a good thing to go over any information you need to remember before going to bed. In some sense, you may be telling the sleeping brain what to consolidate (巩固)."
Are Your Clothes Causing Pollution?
Very small pieces of plastic, called microfibers, are polluting rivers and oceans.Clothes worn for outdoor activities and exercise are often made of artificial material, which is useful in keeping warm. But they contain very small plastic fibers, which may also be harming the environment when you wash them. When people wash these clothes, very small pieces go down the drain (下水道) with the wash water.
Pollution caused by plastic is not new, but recent studies have shown the effect of microfibers in the environment.
Studies show very small microfibers are ending up in our waters, which may come from waste water treatment factories. A 2015 study found them in fish from California.
Microfibers, effect on food supplies.
Beyond the waterways, the researchers say microfibers may end up in soil and agricultural lands.This means there is much to be learned about microfibers and the environment. Some studies have shown that microfibers end up inside sea animals, like oysters.Researchers say that the fibers tend not to move into the tissue of the fish, but it needs more study.
Steps to save or keep microfibers from the environment.
Until more information becomes known, there are steps to take to reduce the amount of microfibers in the environment. People should use less of the artificial materials. If we already have those in our lives and we're using them, an important step would be washing them less.A bag is being designed in which to wash these clothes. It traps the microfibers in the bag and it may be available for purchase soon.
A. New technology may also help.
B. Studies on microfibers in the environment.
C. They can also move around the atmosphere.
D. Studies on how much of the microfibers is released.
E. The source of these microfibers may surprise you: your clothes.
F. Washing machines keep microfibers from escaping with wash water.
G So if these microfibers have been found in fish and seafood, are they safe to eat?
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧）并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1）每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2）只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
When asking about my mother, I often reply that she is perhaps the only one can understand my feelings without any exchange of words. To my view, there's nothing strong than her love for me. She knows how to make me smile and at the same time knows how to make me behave me. Most important, she always does what she can to help me particularly when I am in the trouble. On a sad day I will always become happier» just by see her loving eyes and encouraged smile. My mother was» is and will always be my first and best friends forever.
I lost my cell phone yesterday. Can you tell me ________ I can buy one?
Avoid Rubbish
How often do you let other people’s silly behavior change your mood? Do you let a bad driver, a rude waiter or an angry boss 36 your day? The key to happiness is how 37 you can get back our focus on what’s important in your life. sixteen years ago, I learned this 38 in the back of a taxi. Here’s what happened.
We were driving in the right lane(车道) 39 suddenly a black car jumped out of a parking space right 40 us. My taxi driver used his brakes(刹车)hurriedly and 41 the other car’s back end by just 2 cm!
Then I couldn’t 42 what happened next. The driver of the other car, who almost caused a big accident, turned his head 43 and started shouting bad words at us.
But to my greater 44 , my taxi driver just 45 and waved at the guy. So, I said, “Why did you just do that? this guy could have 46 us!” And this is when my taxi driver told me what I now call, “The Law of the Rubbish Truck”.
He said: “Many people are like rubbish trucks. They run around full of rubbish, full of frustration, 47 and disappointment. As their rubbish piles up, they 48 a place to dump(倾倒)it. And if you 49 them, they’ll dump it on you. So when someone wants dump on you, don’t take it. Just smile, wave, wish them 50 and move on. Believe me. You’ll be happier.”
So I started thinking, how often do I 51 their rubbish and spread it to other people? It was then that I said, “I don’t want their rubbish and I’m not going to 52 it anymore.”
When we follow “The Law of the Rubbish Truck”, we will take 53 of our life again. So, love the people who treat us 54 . At the same time, 55 about the ones who don’t.
36. A. direct B. brighten C. waste D. ruin
37. A. slowly B. quickly C. smoothly D. hopefully
38. A. saying B. question C. lesson D. situation
39. A. while B. where C. when D. until
40. A. behind B. besides C. over D. in front of
41. A. missed B. hit C. crashed D. passed
42. A. see B. believe C. hear D. explain
43. A. up B. down C. around D. away
44. A. worry B. joy C. relief D. surprise
45. A. smiled B. wept C. shouted D. apologized
46. A. tricked B. saved C. killed D. attacked
47. A. happiness B. anger C. excitement D. fright
48. A. ask for B. look for C. pay for D. wait for
49. A. let B. stop C. encourage D. invite
50. A. clever B. bad C. well D. successful
51. A. take B. put C. refuse D. gather
52. A. throw B. deliver C. receive D. spread
53. A. care B. control C. notice D. advantage
54. A. right B. wrong C. coldly D. fair
55. A. Think B. Laugh C. Argue D. Forget
You should explore your talents so as to find out your real interests lie.
A. what B. where C. which D. how
I am absolutely convinced that China can become a 1 in the protection of wildlife. Your influence in the world means you can change the face of conservation in this century. This will be a contribution that would go down in history, one that your great grandchildren would speak of 2 .
The greatest inheritance we can 3 the next generation is a safe and sustainable environment, the priceless endowment of nature. Let us not tell our children the sad tale of how we watched as the last elephants, rhinos and tigers
died out, but the inspiring story of how we 4 and preserved them for all humanity. And in so doing, let us show the world that by working together we can stand up to 5 our planet and our families will face in the generations to come.
There have been many popular bands in the world, of which the most famous was the Beatles. The four young men who made up the band only performed and recorded from 1963 to 1970. During those years they gave many concerts,
6 they played all 7 . They made many records, for which they will always be remembered. Their songs were a mixture of rock and roll and ballads, in
which they often wrote about their own lives and problems. Although they were
not 8 , they took part in films in which they often played themselves. Their
performances were humorous and interesting. Their fans, 9 the Beatles would not have been so famous, at last caused problems for them. They followed
them everywhere. Finally they stopped their concerts in order to live quieter lives,
although their songs remain 10 .
Last summer, I spent an afternoon with my daughter, Ava Scarlett. As her mother, I know about her true nature, but you can always learn new things about your child through how she makes the tough
I asked, “Which would you rather have? All the Barbies (toys girls like much) or all the cake? Ava had a wrinkle formed on her nose. It wasn’t a fair question, of course, but I was curious.
My daughter is seven years old, and like many kids her age, she has a red-hot love of barbies. I sometimes worry about what Mattel’s plastic princess and her straight, blond hair and unrealistic measurements will don to my daughter’s developing psyche.
My daughter, like many kids her age, is fascinated with cakes of all kinds. But it’s not about eating them—or not solely(单独地). She wants to be the person baking amazing shapes and colors. Unblinking, her eyes shine as show watches chocolate.
Ava Scarlett turned, staring at me with her answer in mind. And it was good. “Why can’t we have both and share with everyone who wants?”
My daughter always splits her cookie in two so her brother can have some. She offers me her last bite of cucumber, even though it’s her favorite vegetable. She wants us to know how much she cares for us-each of us. and she even makes the list of loved ones who will get to have her dream cakes.
Truth to be told, we don’t bake a whole lot in our house. But given the opportunity, Ava Scarlett is satisfied with baking cakes for the family. Today, it’s dinner: she has declared herself in charge of beating the egg for dinner.
Carefully, she carries her little white chair over to the fridge. The chair isn’t heavy, and she’s now big enough to lift it easily-no more dragging it across the floor. Looking into the wire basket of brown and white eggs we keep in the fridge, Ava Scarlett has a question of her own.
“Can I choose any egg I want?”
“Of course.”
She takes a long moment.” I think I’ll choose a brown one, because I love my mother.” I blink----Ava Scarlett often doesn’t realize that she is also brown. I remember wanting to be a standard Barbie when I was seven, too, which is really just a way of saying, “I don’t want to feel different.”
I give my daughter a quick smile. She does her best and then reaches in to pick one out. I know she did so to express her love for me and our family. At this moment, I choose to accept her comment as a generous one. Ava Scarlett’s desire is for people around her to be as happy as possible. She wants things to be smooth. These days, though she’d rather be Barbie than a brown egg, she’d never want me to feel abandoned by her. This little apple hasn’t fallen very far from my tree. It’s amazing what your children mirror back.
I hand Ava Scarlett a fork. “Did you know that eggs come in all kinds of colors and shapes? They’re all exactly the same on the inside, though. Just like people.”
“I know.” She said.
I can almost hear the gears in her head turning my words over and around. Of course, eggs are the same on the inside, just like people, she’s thinking. I know she understands this.
66. What made the author so worried?
A. That her daughter loves only Barbies and ignores other toys.
B. That Barbies would have a negative effect on her daughter.
C. That she was too busy to be there for her daughter
D. That her daughter doesn’t know how to share
67. How does the author’s express love to her?
A. By selecting a brown egg
B. By sharing her cookie with her
C. By giving up her favorite Barbies
D. By giving good comments to please her
68. How does the author feel about her daughter’s egg-choosing answer?
A. It’s surprising but comforting
B . It’s painful but understandable
C. It’s bitter and disappointing
D. It’s worrying and annoying
69. What does “She’d rather be a Barbie than a brown egg” mean?
A. She’d rather play toys than make the dinner
B .She’s rather abandon her desire for beauty
C. She’d rather change her identity as a brown girl
D. She’d rather make others happy than satisfy her own needs
70. What would be the most appropriate title for this selection?
A. Mother knows best
B. My daughter’s choice
C. Sharing makes a better world
D. Following your heart rather than your head
_36_.It is something you're so looking forward to after busy week at work.There are so many things to do during weekends to help you either relax or get energetic for the week ahead.Here are some tips on how to make the most of your weekends.
Don't oversleep.We all need that beauty sleep,but don't overdo it.Otherwise you'll feel exhausted and had-tempered on Monday morning.Make,it a habit to always wake up at the same time every day.Include naps in your weekend routines well,whether it's for 10 minutes or 45.Why?_37_.
Spend time with loved ones.Reconnect with family members or friends you ignored lately.Don't do it out of guilt or because you have to.Do it because you want to.Reach out to them to see what they are doing.Don't call them only when you need them.Return their calls.Talk to them.Listen to them.Be there for them._38_.
_39_.Stay away from TV,iPad,iPhone and any other electronic devices.Why not read a book instead?A paper one.Seriously,when was the last time you did that?
Take time for your meals. There's no rush to go to the next meeting or finish that presentation by the end of day. You're not on schedule._40_.Simply be in that moment with your loved ones without putting your mind in overdrive again.
A.Spend time outdoors
B.Feel the taste and smell of what you're eating.Enjoy it
C.Apply the "No Technology" rule
D.You can he grateful for so many little things
E.The importance of human connections vital for your well-being
F.Because naps help get rid of negative emotions and increase your abilities to learn
G.The weekend finally came
with the studies of all his students, Mr Johnson went to school as soon as he finished the meeting.
A. Concerning B. Being concerned C. To concern D. Concerned
We once had a poster competition in our fifth grade art class.
“You could win prizes”, our teacher told us as she wrote the poster information on the blackboard. She passed out sheets of construction paper (绘图纸) while continuing, “The first prize is ten dollars. You just have to make sure that the words on the blackboard appear somewhere on your poster.”
We studied the board critically. Some of us looked with one eye and held up certain colors against the blackboard, rocking the sheets to the right or left while we conjured up our designs. Others twisted their hair around their fingers or chewed their erasers while deep in thought. We had plans for that ten-dollar grand prize, each and every one of us. I’m going to spend mine on candies, one hopefully would announce, while another practiced looking serious, wise and rich.
Everyone in the class made a poster. Some of us used parts of those fancy paper napkins, while others used nothing but colored construction paper. Some of us used big designs, and some of us preferred to gather our art tidily down in one corner of our poster and let the space draw the viewer’s attention to it. Some of us would wander past the good students’ desks and then return to our own projects with a growing sense of hopelessness. It was yet another grown-up trick of the sort they seemed especially fond of, making all of us believe we had a fair chance, and then always rewarding the same old winners.
I believe I drew a sailboat，but I can’t say that with any certainty. I made it. I admired it. I determined it to be the very best of all of the posters I had seen, and then I turned it in.
Minutes passed.
No one came along to give me the grand prize, and then someone distracted me，and I probably never would have thought about that poster again.
I was still sitting at my desk, thinking, “What poster?” When the teacher gave me an envelope with a ten-dollar bill in it and everyone in the class applauded for me.
71. What was the teacher’s requirement for the poster?
A. It must appear in time.
B. It must be done in class.
C. It must be done on a construction sheet.
D. It must include the words on the blackboard.
72. The underlined phrase “conjured up” in paragraph 3 most probably means ________.
A. formed an idea for B. made an outline for
C. made some space for D. chose some colors for
73. After the teacher’s words，all the students in the class ________.
A. looked very serious B. thought they would be rich
C. began to think about their designs D. began to play games
74. After seeing the good students’ designs, some students ________.
A. loved their own designs more
B. thought they had a fair chance
C. put their own designs in a corner
D. thought they would not win the prize
75. We can infer from the passage that the author ________.
A. enjoyed grown—up tricks very much
B. loved poster competitions very much
C. felt surprised to win the competition
D. became wise and rich after the competition
