When Alice woke up, she didn’t know how long she ______ there.

A．was lying               B．lay                         C．has been lying         D．had been lying

A. attached     B. commercially   C. expectations      D. managed   E. obstacles   F. personal 

G. positive     H. relatively       I. samples          J. sensitive    K. shelved

    This invention, commonly used in offices and households throughout the world, came about as a result of a series of accidents. In 1968 Spencer Silver, who was working for a company called 3M at the time, was trying to produce super-strong adhesive, a substance making things sticky together, to be used in the building of planes. This, however, wasn’t successful and instead he succeeded in creating an extremely weak adhesive that was  31  to pressure. This new adhesive had two advantages: it could be removed from surfaces quite easily and it could be reused. In spite of these two   32   features, nobody could see any practical use for it. In the end, the invention was   33  .

   A few years later, Art Fry, a product development engineer working for 3M, decided to use this adhesive for    34  use. He stuck strips of paper in a book as page marker and a whole new concept was born. However, the idea still wasn’t without   35  . The challenge was to make the glue stay on the sticky note itself, rather than peeling off and staying on the surface it was   36                           to. Two more 3M employees were brought in and set the task of producing a coating for the adhesive so that it wouldn’t come off and they    37   just that. Unfortunately, 3M bosses still believed that this invention wasn’t going to be  38   successful and people would continue to use crap paper(小纸条) for their notes rather than sticky notes. This is why sticky notes were only tested within the company, where they became extremely popular. It wasn’t until many years later that 3M bosses finally decided to give out a vast amount of free    39   to other companies to see if anyone would be interested in buying them. To their surprise, 90 per cent of the companies approached went on to order more sticky notes. This went beyond anybody’s    40  . Nowadays, sticky notes come in a variety of shapes and colours and are sold in more than 100 countries.

Kindness at a Fast­food Restaurant

It was in summer and I got one of the few jobs a 14­year­old can find—working at Burger King, a fast­food restaurant. It __11__ wasn't a good job, but it meant money, __12__ was something I needed.

One day, I was working behind the front counter, taking __13__. The customers were coming and going, and the woman who __14__ didn't seem any different from most others.

She ordered her meal and I told her the total. As she searched __15__ her purse to find some change, the woman soon __16__ that she was about a dollar short.“I'm __17__ to say this, but I guess I won't be able to make my purchase __18__，”she said sadly.

That's when I had the idea of paying the difference for her. She refused at first, but after I __19__， she agreed. She thanked me and moved to the end of the counter to __20__ her order. I continued with my work and thought __21__ more of it.

About an hour later __22__ had slowed down and I was waiting for my next customer. Then I glanced over towards the __23__ and saw the same woman whom I'd helped with the money entering again. I __24__ recognized her.

She walked straight up to me and said, “I want to thank you again for what you did. You see, I'm a diabetic(糖尿病患者), and __25__ I need to eat something right away. That's __26__ I came in earlier. If you hadn't helped me as you did, I __27__ have fainted. Thank you.”

She __28__ me two dollars, twice what I'd given her.

__29__ the woman walk away, I realized that God had used me to help her. In the end, I was __30__ not only with money but also with the satisfaction of knowing that I'd helped someone out of a tight spot.

11. A. firstly  B. roughly  C. certainly  D. strictly

12. A. which  B. what  C. that  D. it

13. A. menus  B. orders  C. service  D. food

14. A. reached  B. moved  C. presented  D. approached

15. A. out  B. for  C. about  D. across

16. A. recognized  B. realized  C. admitted  D. said

17. A. guilty  B. disappointed  C. embarrassed  D. regretful

18. A. above all  B. first of all  C. in all  D. after all

19. A. requested  B. insisted  C. suggested  D. reminded

20. A. pick up  B. pick out  C. carry out  D. bring out

21. A. none  B. anything  C. nothing  D. something

22. A. customers  B. orders  C. pressure  D. business

23. A. entrance  B. restaurant  C. counter  D. window

24. A. suddenly  B. immediately  C. surely  D. completely

25. A. at a time  B. in time  C. some time  D. sometimes

26. A. when  B. where  C. why  D. how

27. A. shall  B. may  C. might  D. need

28. A. owed  B. handed  C. paid  D. spent

29. A. Watching  B. Looking  C. Observing  D. Noticing

30. A. awarded  B. honored  C. returned  D. rewarded

It won’t be too long before we _______a  way  smooth away these difficulties. 

A.  work out       B. will work out    C. had  worked  out    D.are  working  out 

 The workers in the factory demanded that their pay ________ be 20 percent.
   A. be raised            B. would be raised         C. raised              D. raise

    Public bookshelves are appearing across Germany on street corners，city squares and in suburban supermarkets. In these free­for­all libraries，people can grab whatever they want to read，and leave behind anything they want for others. There’s no need to register，no due date，and you can take or give as many as you want.“This project is aimed at everyone who likes to read .It is open for everybody，”  Michael Aubermann，one of the organizers of the free book exchange said.

    The western city’ s latest public shelf was put up next to Bayenturm. It is the fourth free shelf that Aubermann’ s group，the Cologne Citizen’s Foundation，has placed outside.“We set up our other outdoor shelves last year and it’s been working really well，” said Aubermann. The public bookshelves，which are usually financed by donations and cared for by local volunteer groups，have appeared independently of each other in many cities，suburbs and villages. Each shelf holds around 200 books and it takes about six weeks for a complete turnover，with all the old titles replaced by new ones.

    Even commercial book stores and online book sellers seem to support the idea of free book exchanges.“We see this project rather as a sales promotion than as competition，”said Elmar Muether.“If books are present everywhere，it helps our business，too.”

    So far，the Cologne book group has had few problems with damage or other problems. Aubermann said，“Propaganda (宣传) is the only kind of literature we do not allow here.”

    At another bookshelf in the Bayenthal neighborhood，the lower shelves are reserved for children’s literature only.“It is important that we make it easy for everyone to participate in this ‘reading culture on the street’—from old readers to kids to immigrants，”Aubermann said.

    While most of the shelves have so far been put up in upscale neighborhoods，Aubermann and the 20 volunteers who help look after the project are planning to put up future shelves in poor neighborhoods，where citizens often don’t have as much access to literature.

28. Which of the following is TRUE about the public bookshelves?

  A. People can take the books and leave their books at will.

  B. People can’ t borrow books unless they donate books.

  C. People can borrow whatever they like after registering.

  D. People have to return the books according to the required time.

29. According to Aubermann，the public bookshelves________.

  A. are financed by local volunteers

  B. have been going well since their birth

  C. were managed by the local government

  D. will hold more books and take a shorter turnover

30. The underlined phrase “upscale neighborhoods” refers to________.

  A. communities that have many people

  B. communities that have many tall buildings

  C. communities that are free to live in

  D. communities that are of high grade

31. Which might be the best title for the passage?

  A. Public Reading Becomes Popular Worldwide

  B. New Trends of Bookshelves in Germany

  C. Public Bookshelves Spread Across Germany

  D. Reading Culture on the Street in Europe                             

Animals seem to have the sense to eat when they are hungry and they do not eat more than their bodies need. It has been shown that rats will, when given a choice over a period of time, prefer water with vitamins(维生素) to water without vitamins even though there is no difference in taste or smell between the two water bottles. When a fragrant flavor was added to the vitamins-enriched water, the rats did seem to develop it and kept drinking it, even after the vitamins were switched to the clear water. In time, however, they broke the habit and went back to where the necessary vitamins were.

In a classic experiment, babies of 6 to 12 months old were placed in a cafeteria feeding arrangement, with a wide selection of baby food before them. They were given whatever food they pointed to or appeared interested in. We are told that at first they showed some unusual eating patterns, but over a period of time they managed to select well-balanced diet.

So, in choosing food, rats and babies do seem to know and act on what’s best for them. Apparently, there is a kind of “body wisdom”, which humans soon lose. Most of us do not eat as wisely as we could. Many of our food preferences are culturally determined and influenced by long-formed habits. Some people eat foxes, dogs and blackbirds, while we eat cows and pigs. So what people eat and how much they eat seems to be greatly influenced by what is going on around them.

13. In the experiment on rats, a fragrant flavor was added to the rats’ drinking water to _________.

A. test whether rats know which drink is good for them

B. encourage rats to drink vitamins-enriched water

C. find out rats’ preference in flavor

D. demonstrate the vitamins are tasteless

14. According to the passage, adults eating habits differ from those of babies because _________.

A. adults know better than babies what kind of food are good for their health

B. adults’ eating habits are closely related to the social and cultural customs

C. adults have more choices of food than babies in eating patterns

D. adults usually cannot resist the temptation of various delicious foods

15. As far as their eating habits are concerned, babies and rats are similar in that ________.

A. both prefer flavored food and drink

B. both have the same eating patterns

C. both have the wisdom to choose a balanced diet

D. both develop a taste for the same kinds of flavors

One day when I was 12, my mother gave me an order: I was to walk to the public library, and borrow at least one book for the summer. This was one more weapon for her to defeat my strange problem— inability to read.

In the library, I found my way into the “Children’s Room.” I sat down on the floor and pulled a few books off the shelf at random. The cover of a book caught my eye. It presented a picture of a beagle. I had recently had a beagle, the first and only animal companion I ever had as a child. He was my secret sharer, but one morning, he was gone, given away to someone who had the space and the money to care for him. I never forgot my beagle. Without opening the book titled Amos, the Beagle with a Plan, I borrowed it from the library for the summer.

Under the shade of a bush, I started to read about Amos. I read very, very slowly with difficulty. Though pages were turned slowly, I got the main idea of the story about a dog who, like mine, had been separated from his family and who finally found his way back home. That dog was my dog, and I was the little boy in the book.

My mother’s call returned me to the real world. I suddenly realized something: I had read a book, and I had loved reading that book. Everyone knew I could not read. But I had read it. Books could be incredibly wonderful and I was going to read them.

I never told my mother about my “miraculous” (奇迹般地) experience that summer, but she saw a slow but remarkable improvement in my classroom performance during the next year. And years later, she was proud that her son had read thousands of books, was awarded a PhD in literature, and authored his own books, articles, poetry and fiction. The power of the words has held.

24.The author’s mother told him to borrow a book in order to_____.

     A. encourage him to do more walking          B. help cure him of his reading problem

     C. let him spend a meaningful summer         D. make him learn more about weapons

25.The book caught the author’s eye because_____.   

     A. it contained pretty pictures of animals      B. he found its title easy to understand

     C. he was reminded of his own dog             D. he liked children’s stories very much

26.What can be concluded from the last paragraph?

     A. The author’s mother rewarded him with books.

     B. The author’s mother read the same book.

     C. The author has become a successful writer.

     D. The author has had happy summers ever since.

27.Which one could be the best title of the passage?

     A. My Passion for Reading 

     B. Mum’s Strict Order

     C. Reunion with My Beagle 

    D. The Charm of a Book