By the latter half of the 14th century, English _____ into widespread use among all classes in England.

    A. came                    B. had come             C. was coming          D. has come

A. Find out recycling programs.

B. Set up your own recycling model.

C. Help to see its benefits.

D. Know what can be recycled.

E. Spread the word.

F. Get active, not frustrated.

Recycling is one means of ensuring that the items we’ve finished using get returned to the resources pool and either get turned into something else or are cleaned and reused. Recycling helps to save on additional energy. Recycling also reduces the amount of material and lessens pollution involved in waste disposal (处理). Once you know how to recycle, you’ll realize it’s not that hard and it soon becomes second habit.

61. ______

Many items are recyclable and over time, more items are added to the list of what can be recycled. Although recycling is dependent on your local conditions, as a general rule, most of the following items are recyclable but you do need to read the policies relevant in your area. Some items can’t be recycled for reasons ranging from complexity to hazards (危险). Although technology continues to change all the time (in which case, keep an eye on what new items can be recycled), there are still some items that cannot be recycled. Don’t put these into the recycling containers because they create problems and can potentially pollute the recyclables too.

62. ______

If you have the time, become a champion for recycling by informing community groups, school children, pre-school groups and other interested groups of the values of recycling and how people can make it easier to do. For activities with children and teens, there are good books and videos that you can use and consider bringing along people from the recycling industry to talk about their role and what they do.

63. ______

Recycling takes up space in the home, so it’s important to work out how to deal with this in a way that doesn’t impact living area space or create danger in any way. There are lots of great choices that you can either buy or make to keep recycling sorted and safe within your home before putting it out for collection. Some of your choices may depend on the preferences of the collector––in some areas, mixing recyclables is just fine, while in others, they’ll only collect separated recyclables or perhaps only collect different types of recyclables on different weeks. If mixing your recycling is not an option, you’ll need some extra sorting space.

64. ______

It is always easier to find holes in commitments to change our practices; it’s a natural human reaction. In the case of recycling, there will always be those who inform you ever so seriously that recycling uses too much energy, that recycled products have to travel far distances, etc. But it is far better to be devoted to getting on with it than to be crying about the uselessness of it all! Moreover, the benefits of recycling, particularly in the areas of job creation, pollution reduction and general community safety, outweigh its negativity.

65. ______

Recycling can turn somewhat frustrating if you’re in a city with very strict boundaries on what can and cannot be recycled due to lack of local facilities. And the more dangerous the waste, the harder it can be to recycle, although many facilities are cropping up to deal with batteries, electronics, and the like. However, it is important to find ways to work around such issues, that work for both you and your community. You can ask for more and better recycling facilities positively through a demonstration of community support, and it’s more likely that your area will get them and that the recycling will become easier for your community.

 [1] It’s good to make a mistake, and here is why. First of all, mistakes are a clear sign that you are trying new things. It’s always good to try new things because when you are trying new things you are growing. If you never try anything new, how can you improve? How can you expand? The simple answer is “You can’t”. Look around you. Almost everything valuable you see in your world is the result of _____________.

[2] Another good thing about mistakes is this: when you are making mistakes, you are learning. Consider this: Edison failed 10000 times before he perfected the light bulb. When asked how it felt to fail that many times, he remarked that he hadn’t failed 10000 times, but rather had learned 10000 things that didn’t work.

[3] Finally, when you make a mistake you are much closer to success. Why? Because when all is said and done, you will have tried only a few things before you succeed. Every time you made a mistake, you got rid of one bad thing and stepped closer to success.

  [4] But this all doesn’t mean that you should go ahead without considering the consequences of a mistake. Instead, when you try something new, you have to be willing to set some reasonable limits so that you will have opportunities to try again in case that it doesn’t work out as you expected. We all have limited resources so don’t blow them all at one time. Realize that it probably won’t be perfect the first time and use these resources appropriately so you can learn, improve, and try it again. Only by using your mistakes in this way can you make significant advances in your career.

   [5] There is an old saying that goes, “If you’re not making mistake, you’re not trying hard enough.” So go forth and make mistakes.

1. List three reasons why making a mistake is good for you. (Please answer within 5 words for each blank.)

① _______________________________________________________________

② _______________________________________________________________

③ _______________________________________________________________

2. What’s the main idea of Paragraph 4? (Please answer within 8 words.)

  _______________________________________________________________

3. Fill in the blank in paragraph 1 with proper words. (Please answer within 5 words.)

  _______________________________________________________________

4. Which sentence in the text is the closest in meaning to the following one?

  You should take its bad results into account though making a mistake is good.

  _______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

5. Translate the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 into Chinese.

  _______________________________________________________________

  _______________________________________________________________

What makes one person more intelligent than another? What makes one person a genius, like the brilliant Albert Einstein, and another person a fool? Are people born intelligent or stupid, or is intelligence the result of where and how you live?   16 

We know, however, that just being born with a good mind is not enough. In some ways, the mind is like a leg or an arm muscle.   17   Mental exercise is particularly important for young children. Many child psychologists think that parents should play with their children more often and give them problems to think about.   18   of. If, on the other hand, children are left alone a great deal with nothing to do, they are more likely to become dull and unintelligent.

  19   According to some psychologists, if parents are always telling a child that he or she is a fool or an idiot, then the child is more likely to keep doing silly and foolish things. So it is probably better for parents to say very positive things to their children, such as “That was a very clever thing you did.” Or “  20  ”

A.      A healthy body contributes to one’s intelligence.

B.      Parents should also be careful about what they say to young children.

C.      What people want to express is like this.

D.     The children are then more likely to grow up bright and intelligent.

E.      It needs exercise.

F.      You are such a smart child.

G.     These are very old questions and the answers to them are still not clear.

The two dictionaries are the _______. They are ________.

A. twin’s; Lucy and Lily’s            B. twin’s; Lucy’s and Lily’s

C. twins’; Lucy’s and Lily’s           D. twins’; Lucy’s and Lily

36. A. challenge            B. surprise            C. chance           D. worry

37. A. anxious               B. puzzled             C. free               D. curious

38. A. mobile phone      B. doorbell            C. clock             D. landline

39. A. breaking              B. seeking             C. removing       D. taking

40. A. hard                    B. small                C. late                 D. bad

41. A. asked                  B. stopped            C. recommended D. decided

42. A. Simply                B. Frankly             C. Luckily            D. Strangely

43. A. roughly              B. totally               C. gradually         D. eventually

44. A. better                  B. happier             C. longer              D. worse

45. A. started                B. mattered           C. worked          D. changed

46. A. familiar              B. strange             C. lovely             D. worse

47. A. research             B. advice              C. news              D. advertisement

48. A. sold                    B. stolen               C. exchanged      D. exhibited

49. A. address               B. number             C. photo              D. name

50. A. offered               B. showed             C. mentioned      D. contained

51. A. store                  B. office                 C. house             D. club

52. A. expected            B. suspected         C. imagined        D. believed

53. A. owner                B. friend                C. cousin            D. police

54. A. rewarded            B. punished           C. found             D. scolded

55. A. strict                  B. angry                 C. honest          D. Happy

Some people can stay up all night and still get work done the next day. I’m not one of them. After a night without enough sleep, I feel sleepy. I have trouble remembering things. And all I want to do is to go back to bed and sleep.

How do you feel after you’ve stayed up late to finish schoolwork? Or the day after a slumber party? Scientists now say that your answers to these questions may depend on your genes, which tell our bodies and brains what to do. People have about 40,000 genes, and each gene can have different forms.

A new research suggests that a gene called period3 affects how well you function without sleep. The discovery adds to older evidence that period3 helps determine whether you like to stay up late or get up early.

The period3 gene comes in two forms: short and long. Everyone has two copies of the gene. So, you may have two longs, two shorts, or one of each. Your particular combination depends on what your parents passed on to you.

Scientists studied 24 people who had to stay awake for 40 hours straight. Then. they took tests that measured how well they could remember lists of numbers.

Results showed that the people with the short form of period3 performed much better than those with the long form did. In both groups, people performed worst in the early morning. After the first round of experiments, participants were finally allowed to sleep. People in the group that performed well on the tests took about 18 minutes to nod off(磕睡)

People with long period3 gene fell asleep in just 8 minutes. They also spent more time on deep sleep. That suggests that people with the long form of the gene need more and deeper sleep to keep their brains working in top form.

I think I must have the long form period3. What about you?

58. The purpose of the writer in the first paragraph is to ____________.

   A. show his /her envy of those energetic people

   B. show his /her poor memory for things

   C. attract readers to the topic of the passage

   D. prove his/her need for sleep

59. Whether you can stay up or not depends on___________.

   A. the size of your brain        B. your will

   C. your health                      D. the kind of genes you have

60. The aim of the research is to _______.

   A. find a new gene called period3

   B. find out how genes affect a person’s need for sleep

   C. test how long you can stay awake

   D. measure how good your memory is

 Lisa would rather ______ at home than _____ to the cinema.

A. staying; going       B. staying; go      C. to stay; to go     D. stay; go

    The common cold is the world’s most widespread illness, which is probably why there are more myths about it than any of the other illness.

   The most widespread mistake of all is that colds are caused by cold. They are not. They are caused by viruses passing on from person to person. You catch a cold by coming into contact, directly or indirectly, with someone who already has one. If cold causes colds, it would be reasonable to expect the Eskimos to suffer from them forever. But they do not. And in isolated Arctic regions explorers have reported being free from colds until coming into contact again with infected(感染的) people from the outside world by way of packages and mail dropped from airplanes.

At the Common Cold Research Unit in England, volunteers took part in Experiments in which they gave themselves to the discomforts of being cold and wet for long stretches of time. After taking hot baths, they put on bathing suits, allowed themselves to be doused(浸入) with cold water, and then stood about dripping wet in drafty（通风的） rooms. Some wore wet socks all day while others exercised in the rain until close to exhaustion. Not one of the volunteers came down with a cold unless a cold virus was actually dropped in his nose.

If, then, cold and wet have nothing to do with catching colds, why are they more frequent in the winter? In spite of the most pains-taking research, no one has yet found the answer. One explanation offered by scientists is that people tend to stay together indoors more in cold weather than at other times, and this makes it easier for cold viruses to be passed on.

No one has yet found a cure for the cold. There are drugs and pain suppressors (止痛片)such as aspirin, but all they do is to relieve the symptoms.

32. The fact that the Eskimos don’t suffer colds shows that _____________.

A. colds are really full of myths

B. viruses are the factors causing colds

C. colds are more severe than other illnesses

D. the idea that cold leads to colds doesn’t stand up

33. The experiments mentioned in Paragraph 3 made it clear that _______________.

A. it was viruses not wet and cold that made people have colds

B. taking hot baths made the volunteers easy to be tired

C. being doused with cold water did harm to one’s body

D. people who would like to exercise in the rain got colds more easily

34. According to the passage, colds are commonly seen in winter because ____________.

A. staying together indoors makes it easier for viruses to pass on

B. viruses can go into people’s warm bodies more easily in winter

C. there is great difference between indoor and outdoor temperature

D. people are usually weak because of the extreme cold in winter

35.The passage mainly discuss_____________

A. the experiments on colds.

B. the myths about colds.

C. the reason and the way people catch colds.

D. the continued spread of common colds.