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农业、农村、农民问题关系国计民生。

材料一 ①孟子:民为贵,社稷次之,君为轻。

②荀子:君者,舟也;庶人者,水也。水则载舟,水则覆舟。

③秦朝统治残暴,对农民征收沉重的赋税,大规模征调民力,导致陈胜、吴广起义。

④汉初统治者采取休养生息政策,重视农业生产,减轻赋税、徭役,出现了“文景之治”。

⑤唐太宗减轻人民负担,发展农业生产,减省刑罚,使得经济发展,国力强盛。

⑥明末土地兼并严重,政府不断加派赋税,导致了李自成等领导的农民大起义。

材料二 秦孝公锐意改革秦国落后的局面, 任用商鞅变法。商鞅认为按照当时的土地赋税制度,秦国的实力尚不能满足与列国竞争的需要。为此,商鞅变法规定:废除秦国原来传统的土地制度,重新规划丈量土地,依照土地数量交纳赋税;官府奴隶可以凭借耕织的成绩恢复平民的身份,不从事农业生产而变穷的人则要被罚为官奴婢。

——摘编自晁福林《中国大通史·春秋战国卷》

材料三 南北朝时期,北方的粮食作物麦、粟等传入南方。隋唐时期长江流域的户口数量有很大的增加,单位面积耕地所负载的人口大大增多,这就迫使农民实行复种制(一年两熟),稻、麦复种制产生并发展。江南推广了曲辕犁,普遍采用插秧技术,缩短了水稻在大田中的生长期,双季稻在南方出现。

——摘编自阎万英等《中国农业发展史》

材料四 随着内燃机的发明,从20世纪初开始,内燃机拖拉机逐渐取代了蒸汽机拖拉机。20世纪40~50年代,在欧美的许多国家和地区拖拉机及电力机械已经成为农业生产中的主要动力。

20世纪90年代以来,信息技术改变着农业的生产方式和管理模式,土壤和作物得到精细准确的管理,资源利用率和农业产出率不断提高。

——摘编自夏俊芳《现代技术革命与农业机械化》

材料五 中华人民共和国不同时期粮食产量变化(单位:亿吨)

图片_x0020_1328592135

——整理自陈海秋《建国以来农村土地制度的历史变迁》

  1. (1) 用材料一的史实,说明以下观点。(填序号,每空多选、少选、错选均不得分)

    以民为本是中国古代的重要思想主张:

    盛世局面出现的重要前提是推行爱民政策:

    苛政暴政是农民起义的主要原因:


  2. (2) 依据材料二,说出商鞅变法的背景。结合所学,分析材料二中变法内容的作用。
  3. (3) 依据材料三,概括促使隋唐时期南方复种制出现的因素。
  4. (4) 依据材料四并结合所学,说出20世纪上半叶农业生产的变化及背景。指出20世

    纪90年代以来农业发展的新特点。

  5. (5) 依据材料五,概括图表反映的共同现象。任选两张 , 分别运用相关的农业政策解释图表反映的现象。
给下面下划线字选择正确的解释。

绝:A.断绝;B.完全没有,穷尽;C.走不通的,没有退路;D.死亡,消失;E.独一无二的;F.极、最;G.绝对。

刷子李有一手,最让人叫的是他刷浆时必穿一身黑,干完活,身上没有一个白点。现在这门手艺已经了。

如图,已知∠B=∠D,要使BE∥DF,还需补充一个条件,你认为这个条件应该是.(填一个条件即可)

计算: 的结果是(    )
A . B . C . D .
下图1表示某动物(AaBb)卵细胞形成过程;图2、3表示卵细胞形成过程中某阶段的细胞。请据图回答:

  1. (1) 图1中细胞Ⅱ的名称是,细胞Ⅲ的名称是,细胞Ⅳ中有 对同源染色体。
  2. (2) 图2该细胞的子细胞名称是 
  3. (3) 图1中有可能观察到图3所示时期的细胞的是(用①、②、③表示),图3同源染色体的非姐妹染色单体之间可能发生。此时细胞内DNA条。
读四幅气温和降水量变化图,回答问题。

  1. (1) 四幅图中,全年降水稀少的是地;夏季降水少,冬季降水多的是地。
  2. (2) 图示的四地中,气温的年较差最大的是地,最小的是地。
  3. (3) 以上四种气候类型中,一年中有明显的旱雨两季的气候类型是,属于气候类型。
  4. (4) 甲气候类型的特征是
如图所示为硅原子的结构示意图和硅元素在元素周期表中的信息。下列说法正确的是(   )

A . x=1 B . 硅原子核内有14个质子 C . 硅元素的相对原子质量为28.09g D . 硅元素位于元素周期表的第四周期
下列实验操作能达到实验目的是(      )

选项

实验目的

实验操作

A

比较Fe、Cu、Ag的金属活动性强弱

铁丝浸入CuSO4溶液,铜丝浸入AgNO3溶液

B

验证NaCl溶液中混有盐酸

取少量溶液,滴加无色酚酞试液

C

不损坏铁制品的前提下除去表面铁锈

将铁制品长时间浸泡在足量的稀硫酸中

D

分离硫酸钠和硫酸铜的混合溶液

加入过量的氢氧化钠溶液后过滤,并将滤渣溶于稀硫酸

A . A B . B C . C D . D
任务型阅读

    You probably talk to friends more than you talk to your parents. That's natural. Still, most of us want a parent's help, advice, and support at times. But talking to the parents may be difficult or terrible-especially when it comes to certain subjects. Here are some suggestions to make it easier.

    Talk about everyday stuff-and do it every day. ⑶The more you do something, the easier it gets. Talking to parents about everyday stuff builds a bond that can help you discuss something more serious with them later.

    Find something to chat(聊天) about each day. Talk about how your team did at the sports meet. Share something one of your teachers said. Even small talk about what's for dinner can keep your relationship comfortable.

    ⑷It's never too late to start. If your relationship with your parents makes you feel nervous, try getting into conversations slowly. Mention the cute thing the dog did. Talk about how well your little sister is doing in math. Chatting with parents every day not only keeps the present relationship strong, but also can help a might-be-worse relationship get better.

    When parents feel connected to your daily life, they can be there for you if something really important happens.

A)根据短文内容简要回答问题。

  1. (1) What do most of us want from parents at times?
  2. (2) How many suggestions does the writer give?
  3. (3) 将短文中画线的句子⑶译成汉语。
  4. (4) 将短文中画线的句子⑷译成汉语。
  5. (5) 请给短文拟一个适当的英文标题。
如图所示,质量为2kg的物块A与水平地面的动摩擦因数为μ=0.1,质量1kg的物块B与地面的摩擦忽略不计,在已知水平力F=11N的作用下,A、B一起做加速运动,则下列说法中正确的是(  )

A . AB的加速度均为3.67m/s2 B . AB的加速度均为3.3 m/s2 C . A对B的作用力为3.3N D . A对B的作用力为3.0N
“实现中华民族伟大复兴,需要各民族手挽着手、肩并着肩,共同努力奋斗。”下列关于西藏的解放与发展正确的有:( ) 

①1951年西藏地方政府派出以阿沛·阿旺晋美为首的代表团入京谈判,实现西藏和平解放。

②1951年,人民解放军进驻拉萨,受到西藏各界热烈欢迎。

③1952年底,西藏地区完成民主改革,百万农奴翻身当家做主人。

④“一五”计划时期,为了密切与边疆的联系,我国先后建成了3条入藏公路。

A . ①②④ B . ②③④ C . ①②③ D . ①③④
下表微粒中,(以下均填字母编号)是阳离子的是;互为同位素的是是同种元素。

组别

质子

中子

电子

A

14

14

14

B

26

30

24

C

26

30

26

D

14

16

14

下列有关实验原理或操作正确的是(  )。

A . 选择合适的试剂,用图1所示装置可分别制取少量CO2、NO和O2 B . 制备乙酸乙酯时,向乙醇中缓慢加入浓硫酸和冰醋酸 C . 洗涤沉淀时(见图2),向漏斗中加适量水,搅拌并滤干 D . 图2装置可用于分离乙酸和苯的混合物
南宋天文学家、思想家何承天在《论浑天象体》中记载“百川发源,皆自山出,由高趋下,归注入海。”下图为“水循环示意图”。据此,完成下面小题。

图片_x0020_100009

  1. (1) 图中代号最能解释 “百川发源…归注入海”对应的水循环环节是(    )
    A . ①-降水 B . ②-蒸发 C . ③-水汽输送 D . ④-地表径流
  2. (2) 下列关于水循环意义的比喻及其解释,连线正确的是(    )
    A . “纽带”——地球表面物质迁移的强大动力 B . “调节器”——对全球的水分和热量进行再分配 C . “雕塑家”——调节地球各圈层之间的能量 D . “传送带”——塑造了丰富多彩的地表基本形态
陈独秀说:“我们现在认定,只有这两位先生可以救治中国政治上、道德上、思想上一切的黑暗。”这两位先生是(   )

A . 民主、科学 B . 科学、自由 C . 民权、自由 D . 新道德、新文学
若x,y为实数,且y= ,则x-y=
是生命活动的直接能源物质,据图判断有关叙述错误的是( )

A . 黑藻细胞内甲→ATP的过程不仅发生在细胞质基质中 B . 乙中不含高能磷酸键,是RNA基本组成单位之一 C . 丙中包括腺嘌呤和核糖,丁可用于某些脂质的合成 D . ATP为生命活动提供能量需要经过图示的整个过程
在医疗上,许多化学物质都可用于治疗疾病或辅助诊断疾病。
  1. (1) 用X射线检查胃肠疾病时,要让患者服用“钡餐”(主要成分是难溶于水和盐酸的硫酸钡)。硫酸钡属于(填“酸”“碱”或“盐”),它是由钡离子和(填离子符号)构成的。
  2. (2) 硫酸钡可由Ba(OH)2溶液与稀硫酸反应制得,反应的化学方程式为
  3. (3) 碳酸钡(BaCO3)也难溶于水,但不能用BaCO3制“钡餐”,这是因为BaCO3能与胃液中的胃酸反应,其反应的化学方程式为,反应生成的BaCl2是重金属盐,易溶于水,会使人中毒。若有人误服BaCO3而造成BaCl2中毒,可服用适量的硫酸钠溶液解毒,这是因为
1929年国民政府《考试法》规定,参加高等文官考试需要具有以下资格:具有教育部承认的国外大学独立学院或专科学校毕业证,或者拥有国立或经立案的公私立大学独立学院或专科学校毕业证;或有同等学力或有专门技能或著作者,审查合格。该规定(   )
A .   说明中国教育水平落后 B . 有利于提高官员素质 C . 标志着公务员制度建立 D . 旨在应对日本侵华需要
阅读理解

Online programs to fight depression are already commercially available. While they sound efficient and cost-saving, a recent study reports that they're not effective, primarily because depressed patients are not likely to engage with them or stick with them.

The study looked at computer-assisted cognitive (认知的) behavioral therapy (CBT) and found that it was no more effective in treating depression than the usual care patients receive from a primary care doctor.

Traditional CBT is considered an effective form of talk therapy for depression, helping people challenge negative thoughts and change the way they think in order to change their mood and behaviors. However, online CBT programs have been gaining popularity, with the attraction of providing low-cost help wherever someone has access to a computer.

A team of researchers from the University of York conducted a randomized (随机的) control trial with 691 depressed patients from 83 physician practices across England. The patients were split into three groups: one group received only usual care from a physician while the other two groups received usual care from a physician plus one of two computerized CBT programs. Participants were balanced across the three groups for age, sex, educational background, severity and duration of depression, and use of antidepressants(抗抑郁药).

After four months, the patients using the computerized CBT programs had no improvement in depression levels over the patients who were only getting usual care from their doctors.

"It's an important, warning note that we shouldn't get too carried away with the idea that a computer system can replace doctors and therapists," says Christopher Dowrick, a professor of primary medical care at the University of Liverpool. "We do still need the human touch or the human interaction, particularly when people are depressed."

"Being depressed can mean feeling lost in your own small, negative, dark world," Dowrick says. Having a person, instead of a computer, reach out to you is particularly important in fighting that sense of isolation. "When you're emotionally fragile, you're even more in need of a caring human being," he says.

  1. (1) What does the recent study say about online CBT programs?
    A . Patients may not be able to carry them through for effective cure. B . Patients cannot engage with them without the use of a computer. C . They can save patients trouble visiting physicians. D . They have been well received by a lot of patients'
  2. (2) What has made online CBT programs increasingly popular?
    A . Their effectiveness in combating depression B . The low efficiency of traditional talk therapy. C . Their easy and inexpensive access by patients. D . The recommendation by primary care doctors.
  3. (3) What is Professor Dowrick's advice concerning online CBT programs?
    A . They should not be neglected in primary care. B . Their effectiveness should not be overestimated. C . They should be used by strictly following instructions. D . Their use should be encouraged by doctors and therapists.
  4. (4) Which is more important to an emotionally vulnerable person?
    A . A positive state of mind. B . Appropriate medication. C . Timely encouragement. D . Human interaction.
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