青霞先生文集序
[明]茅坤
青霞沈君,由锦衣经历上书诋宰执,宰执深疾之。方力构其罪,赖明天子仁圣,特薄其谴,徙之塞上。当是时,君之直谏之名满天下。已而,君纍然携妻子,出家塞上。会北敌数内犯,而帅府以下,束手闭垒,以恣敌之出没,不及飞一镞以相抗。甚且及敌之退,则割中土之战没者与野行者之馘以为功。而父之哭其子,妻之哭其夫,兄之哭其弟者,往往而是,无所控吁。君既上愤疆场之日弛,而又下痛诸将士之日菅刈我人民以蒙国家也,数呜咽欷歔,而以其所忧郁发之于诗歌文章,以泄其怀,即集中所载诸什是也。
君故以直谏为重于时,而其所著为诗歌文章,又多所讥刺,稍稍传播,上下震恐。始出死力相煽构,而君之祸作矣。君既没,而中朝之士虽不敢讼其事,而一时阃寄所相与谗君者,寻且坐罪罢去。又未几,故宰执之仇君者亦报罢。而君之故人俞君,于是裒辑其生平所著若干卷,刻而传之。而其子襄,来请予序之首简。
茅子受读而题之曰:若君者,非古之志士之遗乎哉?孔子删《诗》,自《小弁》之怨亲,《巷伯》之刺谗而下,其间忠臣、寡妇、幽人、怼士之什,并列之为“风”,疏之为“雅”,不可胜数。岂皆古之中声也哉?然孔子不遽遗之者,特悯其人,矜其志。犹曰“发乎情,止乎礼义”,“言之者无罪,闻之者足以为戒”焉耳。予尝按次春秋以来,屈原之《骚》疑于怨,伍胥之谏疑于胁,贾谊之《疏》疑于激,叔夜之诗疑于愤,刘蕡之对疑于亢。然推孔子删《诗》之旨而裒次之,当亦未必无录之者。君既没,而海内之荐绅大夫,至今言及君,无不酸鼻而流涕。呜呼集中所载鸣剑筹边诸什试令后之人读之其足以寒贼臣之胆而跃塞垣战士之马而作之忾也固矣。他日国家采风者之使出而览观焉,其能遗之也乎?予谨识之。
至于文词之工不工,及当古作者之旨与否,非所以论君之大者也,予故不著。嘉靖癸亥孟春望日归安茅坤拜手序。
(选自《古文观止》)
呜 呼 集 中 所 载 鸣 剑 筹 边 诸 什 试 令 后 之 人 读 之 其 足 以 寒 贼 臣 之 胆 而 跃 塞 垣 战 士 之 马 而 作之 忾 也 固 矣
①方力构其罪,赖明天子仁圣,特薄其谴,徙之塞上。
②君故以直谏为重于时,而其所著为诗歌文章,又多所讥刺稍稍传播,上下震恐。

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④有利于在全社会形成共同的价值追求

Question: Why is it so hard for some people to apologize after they've done something wrong? I have made efforts to persuade my uncle to be nice to people that he's hurt. How I wish things would be better if he'd just say he's sorry and ask them to forgive him.
Answer: It's just easier for him to pretend nothing happened than to face the embarrassment (尴尬) of admitting he was wrong. You've probably done the same thing yourself at some time. In fact, most of us have. Furthermore, what if others won't forgive him even if he apologizes?
Pride blinds us to our mistakes or faults. Or at least it makes us pay less attention to their seriousness.
Pride also makes us unwilling to admit to others that we were wrong. Perhaps we're afraid they will look down on us if we admit it.
But others see through our pride. And things would be far better if we admitted our faults and asked for forgiveness.
Now you know why your uncle refuses to apologize, talk to him again. Help him to learn how to apologize and ask for forgiveness from others.
A. But a deeper reason is pride.
B. But he just refuses to do that.
C. We may even hope that somehow they will overlook it.
D. As a result, you would offend others and hurt their feelings.
E. There are a variety of reasons for your uncle's refusal to apologize.
F. Otherwise our pride would only hurt us and cause conflict with others.
G. One reason your uncle finds it hard to apologize could be embarrassment.
且
,则
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