若三条直线ax+y+3=0，x+y+2=0和2x﹣y+1=0相交于一点，则行列式的值为 

气体体积的大小，跟下列因素几乎无关的是（   ）

假定你是李华，请用英文写份申请，愿作“志愿家庭”接待来你市参观的美国中学生代表，内容包：

1）.自我介绍；

2）.家庭条件及个人优势；

3）.安排美国朋友参加的活动。

注意：1）.词数不少于80，开头已给出，不计入总词数；

2）.可适当增加细节，以是行文连贯。

Dear Sir,

    I sincerely hope that my family can have the honor to be a host  family. ……

如果由矩阵 表示的关于 ， 的二元一次方程组无解，求实数 的值.

阅读下面的文言文，完成下面小题。

丰熙，字原学，鄞人，布政司庆孙也。幼有异禀。尝大书壁间曰：“立志当以圣人为的，逊第一等事于人，非夫也。”年十六丧母，水浆不入口数日，居倚庐三年。弘治十二年举殿试第二。孝宗奇其策，赐第一人袍带宠之。授编修，进侍讲，迁右谕德。以不附刘瑾，出掌南京翰林院事。父丧阕，起故官。

世宗即位，进翰林学士。兴献王大礼议^①起，熙偕礼官数力争。及召张璁、桂萼为学士，方献夫为侍读学士，熙昌言于朝曰：“此冷褒、段犹^②流也，吾辈可与并列耶？”抗疏请归，不允。既而尊称礼定，卜日上恭穆献皇帝谥册。熙等疏谏曰：“大礼之议颁天下三年矣，乃以一二人妄言，欲去本生^③之称，专隆鞠育之报，臣等闻命，惊惶罔知攸措。窃惟陛下为宗庙神人之主，必宗庙之礼加隆，斯继统之义不失。若乖先王之礼，贻后世之讥，岂不重累圣德哉。”不得命，相率伏哭左顺门。遂下诏狱掠治，复杖之阙廷，遣戍。熙得福建镇海卫。

既璁等得志，乃相率请释谪戍诸臣罪，皆首及熙，帝不听。熙年且七十，给事中田濡复请矜宥，卒不听。居十有三年，竞卒于戍所。隆庆初，赠官赐恤。

子坊，字存礼。举乡试第一。嘉靖二年成进士。出为南京吏部考功主事。寻谪通州同知。

免归。坊博学工文，兼通书法，而性狂诞。熙既卒，家居贫乏，思效张璁、夏言片言取通显。

十七年诣阙上书，言建明堂事，又言宜加献皇帝庙号称宗，从配上帝，世宗大悦。未几，进号睿宗，配飨玄极殿。其议盖自坊始，人成恶坊畔父云。明年复进《卿云雅诗》一章诏付史馆待命久之竟无所进擢归家悒悒以卒晚岁改名道生别为《十三经训诂》类多穿凿语。或谓世所传《予贡诗传》，亦坊伪纂也。

（节选自《明史·列传第七十九》）

【注释】①大礼议：公元1521年，明武宗（朱厚照）驾崩，因其无嗣，便由其堂弟朱厚熄（兴献王之予）继位，是为明世宗。后明世宗与武宗1日臣们在以谁为其皇考（即宗法意义上的父亲）以及其生父尊号的皇统问题上产生了长达三年半的大礼议之争。世宗在坚持追生父为兴献帝后又加封其为献皇帝，加封生母为兴国皇太后。②冷褒、段犹：汉朝大臣，为官没有原则，一味秉承上意。③本生：养子对亲生父母的称呼。

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

How to Become a Lifelong Learner

    Learning doesn't stop just because school does. Making a commitment to yourself to learn something new every day, you will not only enjoy what you discover, but you will be able to apply your knowledge to future generations. Here are some steps to become a lifelong learner.

    Learn how you learn.

     Note what learning techniques are most efficient for you and use them as much as possible, such as viewing online tutorials on websites if you're more of a visual learner.

     

    Try many different things so that you don't box yourself into believing you're only good at a few things. It's probable that you're good at many things, but you won't know until you've tried.

    Look at learning as an exploration and opportunity, not a chore(琐事).

    Don't just force yourself to learn things because they're important or necessary.  Follow your heart, as well as your sense of duty. Do you remember the 8th grade history that you hated so much, with all those names and dates that seemed to mean nothing? The point was to bring you to learn details now that will knit chunks of information together later.

  Read, read, read.

    Reading is a gateway into other worlds and into the minds of your fellow human beings. And reading will help you to learn the discoveries and mistakes of others who have gone before you; reading is, in effect, a shortcut so that you don't have to learn things the hard way.

A. Learn where your talents and interests lie.

B. It was a chore then, but it makes sense, now.

C. Recognise the educational value in whatever you read.

D. Determine your own preferred learning style or styles.

E. Their ways of learning might help you to improve your own.

F. Make friends with your local library and new and used booksellers.

G. Instead, learn things that you need to learn alongside things you love to learn.

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

    Nowadays, more and more schools in China have rules making students wear school uniforms to school. A lot of Chinese students complain about (wear) their school uniforms every day. But do American students get (annoy) about their uniforms, too? American high schools usually have a dress code(衣着标准), is about requirements for students' dressing. Boys at school must wear clean jackets every day. Girls are (luck) than boys, for they have more flexible (choose) than boys. They can either dress similarly to the boys wear a dress. In general, it takes a student 10-15 minutes every morning (dress) up for class. As students do in China, plenty of American students also have their complaints about school uniforms. What if students really dislike the dress code and want to get rid of it? Instead of getting punished, (actual) there're ways to do that. At my school, "dress down" tickets (sell) on school days. If students are willing to buy a ticket, they don't need to wear school uniforms the following day. I have a strong   (believe) that one day Chinese students can buy these tickets, too.

标准状况下有①6.72L CH₄②3.01×10²³个HCl  ③13.6g H₂S  ④0.2mol NH₃四种气体，气体所占体积由小到大的顺序是（填序号，下同）；所含氢原子数由小到大的顺序是．

他向四处看了看，好像是要找什么东西。

He looked around as if .

下列有关化学用语的表述正确的是（　　）

在一定温度和压强下的理想气体，影响其所占体积大小的主要因素是（　　）

The extraordinary success of Conan Dole, mainly with his Sherlock Homes, has_________ the market with detective stories.

阅读理解

    Squatting down on my disorganized closet floor, I looked eagerly through my albums for the picture of my grandma's Christmas lights. I searched so long and so eagerly that I lost all feeling in the legs. Ignoring the pain, I went on with my search, because finding the picture was worth it.

    My beloved grandma on my dad's side, who passed away almost four years ago, would decorate the Christmas trees like it was her job. Each year she would decorate an ornate, 12-foot-tall, shining tree in her living room, and most years she would have an additional pink tree, palm tree, coloured-light tree, white-light tree, bedroom tree, etc. The ideas varied year after year, but the theme was always the same:Let There Be Light.

    For the outside of the house, my grandma hired people to come and string thousands of lights through the trees in her yard. It wasn't easy, and it wasn't cheap, but it was a labour of love. People in the small town came and parked their kid-packed cars on the street, gazing at the thousands upon thousands of shining lights year after year. They brought us magic, which was grandma's legacy. That is the family act I am supposed to follow for the rest of my life. It's what I'm dying to recreate and pass on to my own kids. I feel so much pressure because no one is capable of doing it—and of doing it correctly—but me.

    So, it's me and only me, each year unfastening countless strings of lights, winding them round a 10-foot, prickly tree, and sending the lights to the highest branches. Though I'm only ever just scratching the surface of grandma's magic, I uncover a little more each year. I still haven't found that picture of my grandma's Christmas lights, but I know it exists, and I will find it, even if it means losing all feeling in my legs.

行列式 的值为。

若行列式=0，则x= ．

短文改错

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

    After travelling many times with my family members, I went alone to Italy for a long weekend. I traveled by a train and checked into my hotel before exploring the beautiful town. I went out for dinner alone, that meant I could watch people and took in the atmosphere. The next day I went to Lake Garda and took some lovely picture. I then read a book and sat under the sun for a few hours! I had a really amazed time. I think the best thing about traveling alone is you can be selfish and do exactly what you want to. You are in control of your day and fun, but my advice is to take the opportunity to travelling alone. As long as you stay safely, you will have a wonderful time!

阅读下面的材料，按照要求写作。

11月26日，有网友投稿称，哈尔滨工业大学内一宿管阿姨在感恩节当天为感谢学生对公寓工作的支持，决定为学生分发巧克力。然而消息发出后，学生公寓群内有人对阿姨的热心之举提出了反对，群内一名博士生（昵称为“有趣的”）在群中留言，质疑此举是在“公开搞‘洋节’”，称若不停止，就向学校有关部门反映。随后这件事被传到网上，引起了网民的热议。

对于以上事情，你怎么看？请给宿管阿姨或留言学生“有趣的”博士写一封信，表明你的态度，阐述你的看法。

要求：综合材料内容及含意，选好角度，确定立意，完成写作任务。明确收信人，统一以“明华”为写信人，不得泄露个人信息。不少于800字。

阅读理解

    John was part of my childhood growing up in the 1970s and a link to sunny, fun-filled days spent on the beach at Bangor in Northern Ireland where we went for our summer holidays. To many, he was a mystery. Every afternoon John would wander to the end of the pier (码头) where he fed the seagulls and delighted in the sound of their excited cries as they flew around his head.

    Often I asked my family questions regarding John. Eventually I gave up as no one could tell me anything about him. As I grew up, my visits to the beach became less frequent, and my memories of John buried in a child's imagination.

    Last year memories came flooding back as I walked along the coastline, where I noticed a lady feeding the seagulls on the pier, and I decided to introduce myself. Then I came to know that the lady was John's daughter, and after John left this world she carried out the ritual (惯例), which had held such importance for her father.

    In some strange way I felt we shared a bond, each needing to remember. In return, Lucy told me of John's life, his days in the British Navy (海军) during World War I and how he almost lost hope when his ship was attacked by a German U-boat in the North Sea and he found himself in a lifeboat with five others.

    Close to death, he thought he heard the sound of wings. He put up his hands, only to catch a seagull that had landed on the side of the boat. The seagull saved the lives of the six men as it was used to catch fish, which kept them alive until they reached land. This period of John's life was one he never talked about. But the ritual he first performed as a young man remained a part of him until he died.

    Now I visit Lucy as often as I can, just to chat or very often walk along the beach to the pier end. We enjoy the comfortable silence, each lost in special memories.

下列各图所示的分子结构模型中，分子式为CH₄的是(   )

下列每组的物理量，不能求物质的量的是（　　）

①	②	③	④	⑤
物质的粒子数	标准状况下气体摩尔体积	固体体积	溶质的质量分数	非标准状况物质的质量
阿伏加德罗常数	标准状况气体体积	固体密度	溶液的体积	物质的 摩尔质量