阅读理解

One of India's longest and strongest heat waves in decades, with temperatures reaching 123°F (51° C) has killed at least 36 lives since it began in May, and the government has warned that the suffering might continue as the arrival of monsoon (季风) rains has been delayed.

India's heat waves have grown particularly strong in the past decade, killing thousands of people and affecting an increasing number of states. This year, the extreme temperatures have struck large parts of northern and central India.

Anup Kumar Srivastava, an expert at India's National Disaster Management Authority, said the number of Indian states hit by heat waves was expected to grow to 23 this year from 9 in 2015. He said, "This year, the number of heat wave days has also increased — and it's not just day temperatures, night temperatures have also been high." He added that the coming storms would bring down temperatures in some areas, but that heat waves might pick up again until the monsoon rains arrive.

India's Meteorological Department warns that extreme heat brings a very high likelihood of developing heat illness and heat stroke in all ages. Medical authorities have canceled leaves for doctors at hospitals in Churu as the number of patients has soared. Schools in central India have remained closed.

In the capital, New Delhi, temperatures reached a record 118.4°F (45℃) on Monday, June 10. Clouds on Tuesday promised rain, but largely failed to deliver. Dust storms the next day lowered temperatures to around 100 °F (38℃).

Heat records around the world are more likely to be broken as average temperatures climb upward because of rising greenhouse gas emissions.

The teacher made the students copy the text. (改为被动语态)

The studentscopy the text.

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

    I began to grow up that winter night. My mother said we might soon 1America. We were on the bus then and I was crying. I remember I could not bear the 2of never hearing again the radio program for school3 to which I listened every morning.

    I don't remember myself crying 4 this reason again. In fact, I think I cried very little when I was saying5to my friends and relatives. I just thought about all the places I was going to see—the strange and6places I had known only from books and pictures. The country I was leaving never to come back was7in my head then.

    The four years that followed 8me the importance of optimism, but the 9did not come to me at once. For the first two years in New York I was really 10 —having to study in three schools as a result of family moves. Mother remarried, and things became even more11for me. Some time 12before my stepfather and I got used to each other. I was often sad, seeing no end to “the13times.”

    My 14in the family increased a lot since I knew English better than everyone else at home. I wrote letters,15out forms, translated at interviews with Immigration officers, took my grandparents to the doctor and16there, and even discussed telephone bills with company representatives.

    From my experiences I have learned one important 17: almost all common troubles eventually 18away! Something good is certain to happen 19when you do not give up, and just wait a little! I believe that my life will turn out all right, 20 it will not be that easy.

阅读理解

It's possible that interstellar (星际的) space explorers could come across problems communicating with previous and subsequent arrivals, as their spoken language has changed in isolation (与世隔绝)along the way.

Regarding the issue, two American scholars, Andrew McKenzie and Jeffrey Punske, co-authored the article" Language Development During Interstellar Travel". What has been discussed in the article is the concept of language change over time. They wrote that given more time, new grammatical forms can completely replace current ones.

In a recent interview, McKenzie gamed it out.

"If you're on a spaceship for 10 generations, new concepts will emerge, new social issues will come up, and people will create ways of talking about them," McKenzie said, "and these will become the vocabulary particular to the spaceship. People on Earth might never know about these words, unless there's a reason to tell them. And the further away you get, the less you're going to talk to people back home. "

So if we have Earth English and spaceship English , and they become different over the years, you will have to lean a little Earth English to send messages back，or to read the instruction manuals and information that come with the spaceship.

Also, keep in mind that the language hack on Earth is going to change, too, during that time. So they may well be communicating with this version of the language nobody uses.

The authors concluded that if a study of the linguistic changes aboard a spaceship could be performed, it would" add to its scientific value".

As she is looking forward to _______ from me, please remember _______ this letter on your way to school.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

某网站就"中国人该不该过洋节"进行了一次讨论。请你用英语写一篇关于这个话题的文章，介绍你们班学生们的不同观点，并表达自己的看法。

注意：1）文章必须包括表中的全部内容，可适当自由发挥。

2）词数：100左右。开头已经给出，不计入总词数。

3）参考词汇：地球村global village

Recently, our class held a discussion about whether Chinese people should celebrate foreign festivals or not. Opinions are divided on this issue.

Where is the man now?

根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Chopsticks

    When were chopsticks invented?

    In fact, before the invention of chopsticks, Chinese ancestors actually used hands to eat, but how did they eat soup and porridge? Chinese Started to use chopsticks about 3,000 years ago in the Shang Dynasty.

    Who invented chopsticks?

    The records of using chopsticks have been found in many written books but have no exact evidence. However, many stories are about the invention of chopsticks. One says that Jiang Ziya, an ancient wise man,created chopsticks. But there is no exact historical record about the invention. We can only say that smart ancient Chinese invented chopsticks.

    How to use Chinese chopsticks?

     you can do it if you practice it for some time, even if you are a foreigner. The key to managing chopsticks is keeping one chopstick in position while moving the other to pick up food. Remember to practice with patience.

    

    Chopsticks are usually held in the right hand, and left-handed chopstick use is considered as improper in China. Playing with chopsticks is thought to be impolite. It is considered to be polite and thoughtful to pick up food for the elderly and children.

    A chopstick-themed museum in Shanghai

    If you are truly interested in chopsticks, it will be a good choice for you to pay a visit to the Shanghai Chopsticks Museum. The museum gathered more than 2,000 pairs of chopsticks from China, Korea, Japan and Thailand.

A. Which hand to hold chopsticks?

B. Chopstick manners in China.

C. Chopsticks were introduced to many other countries because of their lightness.

D. Using two slim sticks to pick up food is actually not difficult.

E. The oldest one among them was from Tang Dynasty.

F. There also go around some other stories.

G. They had to use sticks to eat them.

When the thief saw a policeman passing by, he  （假装）to be talking on the phone.

哈里感觉不舒服。他昨天晚上在聚会上一定喝了很多酒。

Harry is feeling uncomfortable.He at the party last night.

He went out of the room with few clothes on, only          rather cold.

After (try) hard, I got a job in a gold mine.

这个地区葡萄酒的制作技术可以追溯到公元前一世纪。(date) (汉译英)

He lost his temper after a driver f her headlights as he overtook(超车).

 There are an extremely large number of ants worldwide. Each individual (个体的) ant hardly weigh anything, but put together they weigh roughly the same as all of mankind. They also live nearly everywhere, except on frozen mountain tops and around the poles.Foranimals their size, ants have been astonishingly successful, largely due to their wonderfulsocial behavior.

         In colonies (群体) that range in size from a few hundred to tens of millions, they organize their lives with a clear division of labor. Even more amazing is how they achievethis level of organization. Where we use sound and sight to communicate, ants dependprimarily on pheromone (外激素), chemicals sent out by individuals and smelled or tastedby fellow members of their colony. When an ant finds food, it produces a pheromone that will lead others straight to where the food is. When an individual ant comes under attack or is dying, it sends out an alarm pheromone to warn the colony to prepare for a conflict as a defense unit.

         In fact, when it comes to the art of war, ants have no equal. They are completely fearless and will readily take on a creature much larger than themselves, attacking in large groups and overcoming their target. Such is their devotion to the common good of the colony that not only soldier ants but also worker ants will sacrifice their lives to help defeat an enemy.

         Behaving in this selfless and devoted manner, these little creatures have survived on Earth, for more than 140 million years, far longer than dinosaurs. Because they think as one, they have a collective (集体的) intelligence greater than you would expect from itsindividual parts.

阅读短文，回答问题

I have happy memories of trips to Europe, but my trip to Romania (罗马尼亚) was unique. When I was there as recalled, it was like being in a James Bond movie. My husband was born there, but his family sent him to study in Italy. Before he left, his mother told him, "As long as I write in pencil, don't come back. When I write to you in pen, it's safe to return." But she never wrote in pen.

My husband lived a poor life in Italy. He applied to go to America, but there was a limit in number and he was rejected. He was accepted by Canada, though, and from Calgary he jumped onto a train to San Francisco. There he stayed—illegally. He became a US citizen when we got married. By then he was a charming European with a Romanian accent and the manners of a prince.

With seven years' experience in America, a US passport, and two children later, he felt it was safe to visit Romania. He hadn't seen his mother, two sisters, and two brothers since he was sixteen. We flew to Munich, Germany, picked up the German­made car we had purchased in the United States, and drove to Romania via Austria and Hungary. When we reached Bucharest, the capital city of Romania, his family was waiting outside his sister's house to greet us. After a long time of hugging, kissing, and crying, his family also hugged me, the American wife with two young children. They had great interest in me. Few Americans visited Romania at that time, and most Romanians had little chance to travel. I had brought an English­Romanian dictionary with me and managed to communicate, using only nouns, with no verbs. My Romanian improved, and the family's stock of English words increased, but mostly I spoke in broken, New York­accented Romanian. The sisters loved their gifts of skirts and purses, the brothers loved the radios, and the children loved the candies. We made side trips to the Black Sea and enjoyed sightseeing in beautiful mountains. Dining at outdoor cafes to the music of violins was fantastic with fancy flavor, but nothing was as special as family dinners.

Romania didn't have many dry cleaners. Most homes had old­fashioned washing machines but no dryers, and it was a hot summer. My husband's relatives didn't want to risk dirtying their clothes. Their solution was as simple as it was shocking: the women only wore their bras(胸罩)  and slips (衬裙) at dinner table. The men were eating without shirts. They all had jobs, so time was precious. Having dinner without proper clothes was a small inconvenience compared with the effort of washing clothes—at least in my husband's home, perhaps all across Romania. I, of course, having just met them, ate fully clothed. I washed my clothes by hand and hung them outdoors to dry.

On the last night of our three­week stay, we had a large family dinner. I was tired of washing my clothes. So I pulled my dress over my head and placed it on the chair behind me. All men and women applauded for my action. Even with my poor Romanian, I understood that they were saying, "She's part of our family now."

My children were 4 and 5 at the time, but they still have memories of that trip. They know how to say "Good morning." and "There are apricots (杏子) on the tree." I can still say, "Do you speak Romanian? "and "I swim in the Black Sea." But most of all, I remember sitting at a long dining table in my bra, enjoying meatballs with fresh garlic.