阅读理解 知识点题库

Stanley was a person who loved singing to himself in the bath.  One cold winter night, he went into the bathroom to have a hot bath.  He took off his clothes and turned on the tap, but there was no hot water─the water from the tap was cold.    Stanley didn't know what was wrong, but he finally decided to take a bath without hot water.  He started to sing as usual, one song after another.  Stanley was surprised that the water felt warm this way.  So he kept singing, louder and louder, until he finished his bath.    The next morning when Stanley was going to work, he saw a piece of paper on his door:

Tourism(旅游业)wasn't as important as it is today. In the past, only people with a good deal of money could travel on holidays to other countries. More people travel today than in the past because there is a growing middle class in many parts of the world. That is to say, people now have more money for travelling. Special airplane fares for tourists make travel less expensive and more attractive(吸引人的)than ever before.
Different people have different reasons for travelling. But most people enjoy seeing countries that are different from their own. They also like to meet new people and enjoy new food.
Tourism has many changes in a country and in people's lives. People build new hotels and restaurants and train local men and women as guides to show visitors interesting places.

The hottest place in the world is the Sahara Desert in Africa. But there are deserts in many other places: in America, in Asia and in Australia. In 1917 the temperature in Death Valley, in the United States, was over 48℃ every day for six weeks. That's very hot!But deserts are not always hot. After dark, deserts are very cold.
Not many animals and plants can live in a desert, because it doesn't rain very often. But one animal likes the desert — the camel. It has big feet to walk on the sand. It can live for a long time without water. Sometimes it doesn't drink anything for weeks — so it gets very thirsty! When it finds water it can drink 100 liters(升) at a time.

    "Tammy! Come here, please! Mother needs your help in the kitchen." Her father called out to her.
    Tammy was in her room, getting ready to do her homework. "Yes, Daddy!" she replied. "I'll be right there."
    She hurried out of her bedroom and down the hallway. She was only nine years old. Her elder sister, Ella, had just moved away to go to a performing arts high school in another city. Her brother, Harry, was in middle school and always got home late. With Ella leaving home, Tammy was expected to do a lot more than she had ever done before, especially now, because her mother was ill.
    Her father was in the kitchen. "Tammy, I know you usually do your homework right now, but with things being different, we all have to change a little bit. I'll help you and Harry with your homework later on, OK?"
    Her father had an apron（围裙） on over his clothes, and he looked kind of funny. He was doing the dishes and he always splashed（溅出） water all over when he did that. After helping her father with the dishes, Tammy helped set the table.
    After supper, her father helped her and Harry with their homework, and then they played a board game so that their mother could lie down for a while.
    The next morning, Tammy got up early on her own because she wanted to help her mother with breakfast. She made orange juice and even put bread in the toaster and got out the butter so that her mother could sleep for a few more minutes.
    When her mother got up half an hour later, she was very surprised and moved to see the breakfast on the dining table. She gave Tammy a big hug.
    "Thank you, Tammy. You really are mother's little helper now, aren't you?"

根据短文内容，完成下列各题。1题为判断正误;2题完成句子; 3-4题简略回答问题.

    Several Asian hospitals are doing experiments with tele-medicine. Tele-medicine is a technology that allows doctors to "see" patients without them being in the same place. This is made possible through high-speed communication networks(网络). At both ends of the line, the way of video-meeting lets them see and talk to each other. Blood pressure (血压) and body temperature are directly shown on computers.

    Tele-medicine is already in wide use in some places such as the United States and Germany. Among other uses, village doctors hold "consultations (会诊)"with far-away experts(专家). The experts can also help them during operations.

    Tele-medicine has been slow to reach Asia because of high costs besides other reasons. When things improve, this technology will develop very fast. Chinese University of Hong Kong's medical school has joined a big hospital in Beijing, and Thailand is building a tele-medicine station connecting 20 areas.

    Tele-medicine will do good to patients because doctors from different places can see them and give their medical advice. The help is quite important if the disease is an unusual one. It also helps spread medical knowledge among experts.

    As tele-medicine develops well, its costs will be lower and it will become very popular in the medical field.

阅读下面材料，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。

    It was a rainy night in New Orleans, US. At a bus station, I watched a young girl cry as her baggage(行李) was taken down. It seemed she'd lost her ticket. She begged the bus driver not to leave her behind.

     “Losing your ticket is like losing your money,” the bus driver said, and left her in the rain.

But then an old man stood up and blocked the driver's way. “How can you leave that girl out there? You know she had a ticket. You can't just leave her here. You can't leave her in a city where she doesn't have a friend. You will meet your schedule, but she might meet her end.”

      The driver showed no sign that he'd heard or even cared about the young girl's problem, or how her travels went.

    So the old gentleman said, “I'll pay for her fare. I'll give her a little money to help her on her way.”

    He went and bought the ticket for the girl. “How can I repay the kindness you've shown tonight?” She asked. “We're strangers who won't meet again. A mere 'thank you' doesn't seem right.”

    The old man said, "What goes around comes around. I've learned this with time. Whatever you give, you always get back. Always be helpful to others and give what you can spare.”

任务型阅读

    Pablo's room was never tidy．He liked to put his things everywhere．Nico's room was always tidy and clean．He liked to organize(整理)everything．

    Pablo and Nico had a baby sister one Sunday． ⑴

    "I don't want to stay in one room with Pablo．"said Nico．

    "How can I do anything fun when everything is so clean?"asked Pablo．

    "Find a way to work it out．"said their mother．

    ⑵"It's too clean out there．"he said．But the closet(壁橱)was too dark at night，so Pablo moved back into their room．

    In the second week，Nico put some tape(胶条)on the floor(地板)．"You, stay on your side，"said Nico．But Nico had to cross the tape every day to leave the room，so he took the tape away．

    In the third week，they thought they needed some rules．

    "The first rule is that you can't use my things，”said Pablo.

    "The second rule is that you can't use my things," said Nico．

      ⑶  And at last they thought there was one more thing to do．"We need to paint(用颜料画)in our room!"Lucky for them．they had the same idea about what to paint．

根据材料内容完成下列任务。

阅读理解

    Do you look like your name? Scientists say there's a good chance you do.

This comes from a new study published in a magazine. Researchers from Israel found that our given names may have something to do with our facial (面部的) appearances.

    Lead writer Yonat Zwebner of a university, along with her team, did eight different experiments (实验) in Israel and France. The different experiments were set up to answer two main questions: whether people can correctly guess a person's name based only on a photo of a face and what is behind this matching effect.

    During the experiments, researchers asked students to look at photos of people's faces and guess each person's name from a list of four choices. They correctly guessed the right name 38 percent of the time, which was better than the 25 percent of a random (随机的) guess.

    What's more, when the faces the students looked at came from within their own country, they were able to best match the faces to the names. French students were better at matching only French names and faces while Israeli students were better at matching only Hebrew names and Israeli faces.

    Researchers believe it is possible that people change their appearances without paying attention to it, to match their names. One study especially backed up this idea, showing that a hairstyle, something that can be changed by people easily, was enough to guide others in correctly guessing their names.

    “Earlier research has shown there are cultural stereotypes (偏见) carried by names, including how someone should look. For example, people are more likely to imagine a person named Bob to have a rounder face than a person named Tim. We believe these stereotypes can, over time, influence people's facial appearances,” Zwebner said.

    The results of the experiments may even make parents think twice when choosing a name for their children.

    “If a name can influence appearance, it can influence many other things. This research opens an important direction that may suggest how parents should consider better the names for their children,” said Zwebner, who recently had a baby herself.

    “As parents, it was really difficult for us to name our 12-day-old daughter as we know the meanings of names.”

阅读理解

    Songs help memories

    The power of music

    Most people can remember important news stories clearly, whether it was the murder of President Kennedy in the US or 9/11.But now psychologists Martin Conway and Catriona Morrison, from the University of Leeds in the UK, are investigating how music can create “autobiographical memories” of the main events in our lives. The study is online. People have to choose a song by the Beatles and describe the memories that they have when they listen to it.

Reminiscence bump

    Morrison explained that they looked at different age groups and their memories. We often remember more from when we are teenagers and this is called “the reminiscence bump”. This is the time in your life when you form your idea of who you are. For older people who have memories related to the Beatles' music, most of those memories are from when they were teenagers. But younger people also had clear personal memories from their past.

    She loves you

    This study was different from other memory studies, because people remembered events from their past with lots more details. Morrison explained:     “It was like people had travelled back to the past, and they had very clear memories of things that had happened. When they heard a song like She Loves You by the Beatles, they could remember one night in autumn 1963.They remembered what they were wearing, what the weather was like and what their friend said to them. You get a lot more information than if you just say, ‘tell me about a night you remember'. ”

    The study has found that music could be used with people who have problems remembering the past. “You could use music to help improve people's ability to remember,” said Morrison. “In the future, we would like to do more experiments to see how useful music is in helping people to remember the past, and compare it to other things that might also help.”

阅读理解

    According to a new study, cats may be just as smart as dogs. Both cats and dogs may have episodic memory（情景记忆）, similar to that of human beings.

    The discovery shows that cats can recall memories of positive experiences like eating a delicious snack. The study was a test of episodic memory. Episodic memory means memory of past experiences that happened at a special time and place.

    In the test, cats were led to four open bowls of food. They were allowed to eat from two of them. After fifteen minutes, empty bowls took the place of the old ones. Then the same cats returned to look for food again. They spent more time searching for the old bowls.

    It seemed that the cats were able to remember the information of “what” and “where” about the bowls. This discovery suggests that they may have episodic memory. However, it's still not clear whether cats can truly experience past memories in the same way as human beings do. “It's difficult to know whether the cats can subjectively（主观地）remember the experience,” Nick Diamond, a researcher at the University of Toronto, explained.

    Still, the test plays an important role in the development of memory research in animals. “It opens the door to new studies. How long can cats' memories last? We may do some research on this in the future,” Professor Laurie Santos from Yale University told BBC News.

    The road to new discoveries is long and difficult. Though there are lots of problems to be solved and discussed along the way, such studies do lead us a step closer to the final success.

阅读理解

    A nationwide survey released earlier this year said an average Chinese adult read less than eight books in 2015, among which 4.58 were paper books and 3.26 e-books. With digital books becoming more popular, many people would find it hard to remember the last time they sat down in a bookstore and enjoyed a quiet moment.

    But this does not mean that bookstores are losing their customers. To lure more readers, bookstores are now bigger, more beautiful and grander. Here are some of them.

    Zhongshuge

    Walking into a Zhongshuge bookstore is like entering a sea of books, above the ceiling overhead, beneath the floor under your feet, on the walls, and under the steps of the staircases. Zhongshuge is known for its beautiful designs. The brand now has chains in Shanghai, Hangzhou, and Yangzhou.

    The Bookworm

    The bookworm is a bookshop, bar and café all in one. Hidden in downtown Beijing's Sanlitun bar area, the place is among the most popular for foreigners looking for some international experiences in the Chinese capital.

    In addition to a larger variety of books, the European-style shop also holds lectures and cultural events. It's often possible for visitors to meet famous authors unexpectedly in the comfortable place.

    Paradise Time Travel Bookstore

    Tibet（西藏）is a must-visit on many people's travel lists. You can find the beauty of the ancient Tibetan style. Paradise Time Travel Bookstore is decorated in this way. But if you look closely, you will find it is a foreignlanguage bookshop. This kind of mixture is a great surprise, isn't it?

    The Paradise Time Travel Bookstore is located near the princess Wencheng Theater in Lhasa(拉萨).

    Poplar Kid's Republic

    The Poplar Kid's Republic, sitting in Beijing's CBD area, is a fairyland of picture books for children. Thebookshop was selected among one of the most beautiful bookshops in the world by Flavorwire, a popular US news website about art and culture, in 2012.

    The colorful designs inside are aimed at encouraging kids to explore books. Pushing the glass doors open, you will see children's drawings and craftworks(工艺)hanging on the pink walls, leading you into a world full of imagination.

阅读理解

    Are you a big fan of E. T. (Extraterrestrial) or aliens? Then you should read Extraterrestrial Civilizations (《地球以外的文明世界》) by American writer Isaac Asimov (1920~1992). In his 1979 book, Asimov looked at whether there is life beyond the Earth. He also talked about how we might be able to communicate with aliens someday. Asimov even told us that there are possibly about 500, 000 civilizations (文明) in the galaxy(银河系). The book may be a little out of fashion since it came out in the 1970s. But you'll still enjoy the good reasoning (推理 ) and imagination of it. Asimov was a science fiction(科幻故事) master. His most famous works talk about the relationship between robots and humankind.

阅读理解

    Teenager Jake Deham was skiing(滑雪) with his family in the USA when he fell over and lost one of his skis. His family didn't know that he had a problem. They kept on skiing. When they got to the foot of the mountain, there was no sign of Jake.

    Jake couldn't find his ski anywhere. In the end, he decided to take off his other ski and walk down the mountain. But he couldn't work out the right way to go.

    It was now getting dark and he was a long way from any place of safety. He knew that he might die that night in the cold temperatures. But Jake kept calm(镇定). At home, Jake watched a lot of programs about living in difficult situations. He remembered the advice from these programs and knew that he should build a hole in the snow. He made a hole and pointed it up the hill so the wind couldn't blow into it. Outside his hole, the temperature fell to a dangerous﹣15℃that night, but inside it Jake was safe from the cold.

    But he had to get down the mountain. The TV programs always said, "If you are lost, you should find someone else's tracks(足迹) through the snow and follow them." "I wanted to live my life." remembers Jake. "So I got up and I found some ski tracks and I followed those." He walked and walked and finally he saw lights. Nine hours after he lost his ski, he found a team of worker who came to save him. He was safe!

    His mum was very happy when she heard the news. Amazingly, Jake didn't even have to go to hospital. He got through the terrible experience without any injuries.

    So, the next time someone says that watching TV is a waste of time, think of Jake. Sometimes TV can save your life!

阅读理解

    Any introduction to Peking Opera would not be complete without telling of Mei Lanfang. During his stage life, he combined(融合) the traditions of the past with his own creations, creating a style of his own and giving birth to "The Mei Lanfang School". He was also the first artist to introduce Peking Opera to foreigners, winning international fame（名声）in the globe. For half a century, Mei Lanfang was a household name in China.

    Mei Lanfang began his stage life at the age of 8. His teacher said he showed little hope because of his boring eyes. To improve this, he exercised them day after day. He would fly kites and look at them moving slowly in a blue sky. He also kept pigeons in order to look at them flying higher and higher until they disappeared into the clouds. Thanks to his efforts, he managed to change his dull eyes into a pair of bright and expressive eyes and win national fame before the age of 20.

    In over 50 years on the stage, Mei Lanfang played no less than 100 different characters in the traditional Peking Opera performance（表演）. He completely changed both stage make-up and costumes, and made characters' performance. He also wrote many new plays, designing the dances himself. They are part of the great legacy(遗赠) that he left to Peking Opera.

    In 1930, Mei Lanfang started on a successful US tour. There his great performances fascinated the audience, making them realize that Peking Opera was a most valuable form of art.

阅读理解

    What do you think will happen when the traditional culture meet modern technology? Yes, the words become lively characters at once. How happy it is to enjoy these Chinese cartoons!

    Ma Liang is a poor boy who loves painting. He always uses his magic brush to fight against the bad people in the village. The cartoon The Magic Brush came out in 1955.

    A group of tadpoles（蝌蚪）are born. They try to find their mother that they have never seen. The story is very easy, but it needs complex technology to show the artistic style of ink（水墨）painting. Little Tadpole Looking for Mom was watched in 1961 first.

    The Monkey King：Uproar in Heaven（1961-1964）is China's first color cartoon. It is from the Chinese novel Journey to the West. It's successful. Not only we but also many westerners like the monkey Sun Wukong.

    To beat two bad persons, an old man grows 7 calabashes（葫芦）, and they change into 7 boys. They try their best to beat the bad. Calabash Brothers（1986）is a masterpiece（杰作）of Chinese paper-cutting art.

阅读理解

    What's a spacewalk? Any time an astronaut gets out of a spacecraft(航天器) while in space, it is called a spacewalk. Astronauts go on spacewalks for many reasons. For example, experiments can be placed on the outside of a spacecraft. This lets scientists learn how being in space affects(影响) different things. By going on spacewalks, astronauts can also fix things instead of bringing them back to the earth to fix.

    When astronauts go on spacewalks, they wear spacesuits to keep themselves safe. Inside spacesuits, astronauts have the oxygen(氧气) they need to breathe and the water they need to drink. To keep the astronauts and the spacecraft safe, the astronauts must leave and go back to the spacecraft through a special door. When on a spacewalk, astronauts use safety  tethers to stay close to their spacecraft. Tethers are like ropes, connect the spacewalkers with the spacecraft. They keep astronauts from floating(漂浮) away into space. Another way astronauts stay safe during spacewalks is by wearing a SAFER. SAFER is worn like a backpack. It helps an astronaut move around in space.

    How do astronauts train for spacewalks? One way is by going for a swim. Floating in space is a lot like floating in water. Astronauts practice spacewalks underwater in a huge special swimming pool. For every one hour they will spend on a spacewalk, astronauts need to train seven hours in the pool. Another way astronauts practice for a spacewalk is by using virtual reality(虚拟现实). It looks and feels just like a spacewalk.

    Today, only three countries have finished spacewalks independently. They are Russia, the United States and China. The first person to go on a spacewalk in the world was Alexei Leonov from Russia. Zhai Zhigang is the first Chinese astronaut to go on a spacewalk. The world record of spacewalks is held by Russian astronaut Anatoly Solovyev. He has been on 16 spacewalks and spent more than 82 hours outside in space.

阅读理解

	Hi, I'm Harper Steven Beckham. I'm an English girl. Harper is my first name. Steven is my middle name. Beckham is my last name. Here's my family photo。This is my father, David Beckham. That is my mother Victoria Beckham. Those are my brothers, Brooklyn, Remeo and Cruz.
	My name is Kimi. I'm not English. 'm Chinese. My father is Lin Zhiying. His English name is Jimmy. My mother is Chen Ruoyi. Her English name is Kelly. Oh, Angela and Cindy are my good friends.
	Who am I? I'm Cindy. My Chinese name is Tian Yucheng. Tian Liang is my father. Ye Yiqian is my mother. Tian Xinchen is my brother.

阅读理解

    Lisa was a single (单身的) mother who lived with her little son. She lost her job two years ago and they had a very hard life. Her heart was broken every time her son asked, "Can I have some more bread and butter please, Mommy?"

    One day, when her son asked the same question again, she decided to prepare a big meal for him with the only 6 dollars in her hand. She went to the supermarket, bought some food and cooked at home. Lisa was a shy mother, but she was strong-minded. "It's time to make a change," she thought. She was good at writing. To make some money, she began to write articles for magazines day and night.

    Things went better. The food bank started to give her some free vegetables every month. Her son finally had enough to eat. Once he told Lisa that the dishes she made were delicious. Suddenly. an idea came to Lisa's mind, "Why not share my recipes (食谱) on the Internet?" She did. Many people liked her recipes and she became popular.

    Soon after that, some reporters interviewed(采访) her and asked her to write a book on cooking. When Lisa got the money for the book she wrote, she had a good sleep for the first night during the two years. Now Lisa has a well-paid job and a beautiful home, but she'll never forget the days when she worked hard for a good life.

阅读理解

    There are some easy things you can do to protect the environment and the Earth. Choose ideas from the list or come up with a few of your own.

    Plant flowers, grass and trees.

    Whenever you visit a park or beach, take away what you bring there-put rubbish in a bag until you put it in a dustbin.

    Tum off the lights and TV sets, when you leave the room. This can save a lot of electricity.

    Turn off the tap when you are brushing your teeth. You can save some water by not letting it run.

    Also use a glass cup instead of a paper cup because this saves paper.

    Keep the doors and windows closed in winter to keep warm.

    Give your old books and magazines to a library instead of throwing them away.

    Give your old clothes to the poor children you know instead of throwing them away.

    Use both sides of paper.

    Encourage all your friends to do the same things you do to help protect the Earth. You don't Stop pouring(倾倒)dirty water into the rivers or lakes nearby, have to wait until Earth Day to do these things. Make every day Earth Day.

    If everyone makes a contribution(贡献)to protecting the environment, the world will become much better.

阅读理解

 

    Clara Daly was sitting on a flight from Boston to Los Angeles when she heard a worried voice over the loudspeaker: “Does anyone on board know American Sign Language?”

    Clara, 15 at the time, pressed the call button. An air hostess came by and explained the situation. "We have a passenger on the plane who's blind and deaf," she said. The passenger seemed to want something, but he was traveling alone and the air hostesses couldn't understand what he needed.

    Clara had been studying ASL for the past year to help blind and deaf people and she knew she'd be able to finger spell into the man's palm (手掌). So she rose from her seat, walked toward the front of the plane, and knelt (跪下) by the seat of Tim Cook, then 64. Gently taking his hand, she signed, "How are you? Are you OK?" Cook asked for some water.

    When it arrived, Clara returned to her seat. She came by again a bit later because he wanted to know the time. On her third visit, she stopped and stayed for a while.

    "He didn't need anything. He was lonely and wanted to talk," Clara said.

    So for the next hour, she talked about her family and her plans for the future. Cook told Clara how he had become blind over time and shared stories of his days as a traveling salesman. Even though he couldn't see her, she "looked attentively at his face with such kindness," a passenger reported.

    "Clara was amazing," an air hostess told Alaska Airlines in an interview. "You could tell Cook was very excited to have someone he could speak to, and she was such an angel."

    Cook's reply: "Best trip I've ever had."