注意：1.词数100左右；2. 开头和结尾已写出，可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Tom,
Yours,
Li Hua
艺术没有理由 地甩开大众，艺术的根系无法离开社会历史的沃土。可是，一些人仅仅从生产与消费的意义上给予狭隘的阐发。艺术不就是哄人开心吗？赢得广泛的青睐也就是赢得可观的经济收益。通过芒果TV《乘风破浪的姐姐》，众多女明星很快就圈粉无数。一部电影的票房、上座率以及盈利和亏损多半被视为拍摄花絮，现今的海报宣传几乎把这些数字奉为电影成功的首要标志。在众多网络作家排行榜中，粉丝的数量、年度的收入才是炫耀的资本，人物、主题、结构或者意境这些概念 。现今的美学意义已经被市场价格收编。除了定价，许多人根本不知道如何去评判一幅画或者一件书法作品。灵敏的资本嗅觉迅速地将艺术视为极具实力的商品纳入市场体系。投资、商品宣传、销售市场、利润分成，种种新型的经济增长点不断涌现。现在，艺术家粉丝数量的意义不仅体现为票房或者版税，而且形成一个特殊的市场。对于手机传播网络来说，“带货”、“圈粉”是刚刚流行的时髦概念。艺术家可以顺带为这个特殊市场供货，从服装、化妆品到家用电器等。美学还有 维持古老的骄傲吗？作为一个超级网红，李子柒的归宿显然是经济学而不是美学。至于李子柒拍摄的那些小视频具有多大的美学价值，一批专家见仁见智的议论似乎已经____。
Walk down the drinks section at the supermarket.Look in the drink cooler in your local convenience store.A new drink is taking up more and more space on the shelves，and that drink is water.Bottled water sales in the US rose to 1.7 billion gallons in 2010 for plastic bottles alone，compared to total sales of only 700 million gallons in 1990. Whereas bottled water was once associated only with the rich and the privileged (特权阶层)，it is now regularly drunk by people at all income levels despite the fact that the price of bottled water can be between 240 and 10,000 times higher per gallon than tap water.What accounts for this surprising increase in demand?
Traditionally，people have drunk bottled water for health reasons.The practice of “taking the waters” originated with the Romans，who believed that a person developed a healthy mind by building a healthy body.Across Europe，drinking or bathing in mineral water has been associated with the power to cure various diseases.Health spas at Evian in France and Pellegrino in Italy began bottling water so that their consumers could continue their treatments at home.The consumers in the 21st century are also concerned about health.However，in America，where the habit of drinking bottled water is relatively new，the concern is often more related to the purity or sterilization (消毒) of the water than to its mineral contents.Americans are often worried about the effects of the chemical pollution and other contaminants on the water supply.Many Americans view bottled water as a safe alternative to tap water.
Further reasons for drinking bottled water are its usefulness as an aid to digestion，as a complement to a good meal in a restaurant，and for taste.City tap water is often treated with chlorine (氯) to guard against harmful microorganisms.Chlorine，as well as metals from pipes and tanks used to distribute and store tap water，can leave behind an unpleasant taste.
钱学森回国时，陈赓大将问他：“您看中国人能不能搞出导弹？”钱老毫不犹豫地回答：“为什么不能？外国人能搞的，中国人就不能搞？”陈赓高兴地说：“我要的就是您这股劲！”钱老践行诺言，率领老一辈航天人，呕心沥血、顽强奋斗，为“两弹一星”事业建立了不朽功勋，为后来的攀登者搭建了智慧的阶梯，留下了宝贵的经验。
以上材料引发了你怎样的思考？请联系现实生活，自选角度，自拟题目，写一篇议论文。
要求：论点明确，论据充实，论证合理；语言流畅，书写清晰。不少于700字。
Custom tattooed fish (纹身鱼) may be big sellers at markets, but an animal expert say it is a cruel and potentially lethal practice.
In Laitai Flower and Fish Market near the Lufthansa Center in Beijing, four of over 20 fish stores sell marine ornamental fish that are tattooed using laser (激光) guns with beautiful images in order to make them more attractive to customers. Many people just love these kinds of fish, which gives them a unique visual impression. The price of these fish ranges from 50-100 yuan. Some customers are willing to pay an additional 100 yuan to have Chinese characters tattooed on to the fish. The most popular characters are “zhaocai” (attracting fortune) and “fu” (blessing). The color of tattooed fish won't fade away, and the fish can be cared for as regular fishes:
But Ye Zhenjiang, a professor from the Ocean University of China, said “the practice would damage a fish's mackerel scale, which is its protective layer. Although I haven't done any research on the impact of the laser on mackerel scale, it is obvious that the mackerel scale may be infected or even destroyed under the exposure of laser,” Ye said. “It's like tattooing a human being's body, and it breaks the physiological balance of the fish and damages: the skin's protective surface, It may even cause death among fishes which have thin mackerel scale.”
A specialist in aquatic(永生的) animal study surnamed Xu, from the Beijing Fisheries Research Institute, said, “We have no specific regulations to prevent fish from being tattooed. An official surnamed Bai from the Fishery Surveillance and Administration Bureau(FSAB), said there is no study showing that the laser threatened a fish's health. He said a regulation on small animal protection, to be passed in the near future, doesn't include regular aquatic animals. He said the institution is only responsible for aquatic animals that are on the verge of extinction. He said tattooed fish are mainly from south China's Guangdong province because Beijing does not have the laser technology to tattoo a fish.
“It's too brutal to tattoo pictures or characters on fishes, even if it makes them more beautiful,” many tropical fish buyers told METRO yesterday. “We would never buy fish like that and we prefer them with natural beauty.”
How Super Are Supermarkets?
Buying e week's groceries is tiring. You want to get it over and done with quickly, so you head for the nearest supermarket, you find everything you need under one roof, and you feel glad that those days of going in and out of different shops in the high street are over. Supermarkets seem to be a big plus. There is a downside, though.
In the UK 90% of all the food people consume is bought at 5 different supermarket chains. This makes these companies extremely powerful, which lets them use their huge buying power to squeeze small suppliers to get the best deal. Milk is a good example. Supermarkets like to use things like milk, which is the top of almost everyone's shopping list to attract customers. To offer the lowest price possible to the consumer, the supermarkets force dairy farmers to sell milk at less than the cost of production. Supermarkets guarantee their good profits while farmers are left struggling to make ends meet, and the taxpayer pays to support the system without even knowing it.
It would be nice if local grocers supported local agriculture. But for the big supermarkets this just doesn't make sense. Supermarkets don't want little farmers thinking they can decide prices. So supermarkets have started a global search for the cheapest possible agricultural produce. In many supermarkets it is difficult to find anything which is produced locally.
UK farmers used to grow a lot of apples. Not anymore. In 1999 36% of apples were imported. By 2015 the figure had risen to 80% and the domestic production of apples had fallen by two thirds. The consumer might just be happy to get a reasonably priced meal made up of foods from Thailand, Spain, Italy and Zambia, but we should also bear in mind the Influence on local producers.
Then there's packaging. Supermarkets like everything to be packed and wrapped so it can be piled neatly on shelves. Supermarkets produce nearly 10 million tons of waste packaging in the UK every year, of which less 5%is recycled. Some supermarkets make sure that large recycling bins are obvious in their car parks, showing that they are environment-friendly. But that is just an image.
When a new supermarket is planned there are claims about the number of new jobs that will be created. Unfortunately, the number of jobs lost in the area is larger than the number of new positions in the supermarket. On average each new supermarket leads to the loss of 276 jobs.
However, the modern world is all about shopping, and the freedom to buy whatever you what, so it would be impossible to stop people shopping at some particular kind of shop. But some measures do need to be taken when small suppliers lose profits, local producers suffer, sea levels rise and jobs are lost, anyway, we can't just care about a free car park and special offers.
爱时而脆弱
（美国）罗伯特·M·罗斯
再怎么伤心的人，也不得不吃东西。咒骂了女人、食物及其他人们追之不倦的事物之后十六个小时，丹顿来到街角的一家杂货店，吞了一份凤梨圣代，两份花生酱三明治，一块掺了麦芽糖的双层巧克力，外加一袋饼干。店里有个女孩。女孩坐下时，他瞥了一眼，站起来时他瞥了一眼；离开时，他瞥了两眼。付过账离开了杂货店，他朝北走去。这可是与他原来打算走的方向一百八十度的不同。他希望那女孩的步伐别迈得那么大，要从一街之遥一下子赶上去，他办不到。
“嗨！你也走这条路？”他说。她只是把头转过来，长长的睫毛对着他眨了眨，然后继续坚定地走下去。
“假如你迷了路，”他又试了一次，“我可以告诉你你在那里，这个地方我住了好多年了。”
女孩仍然不为所动。他开始觉得困窘，不过还不到足以教他打退堂鼓的地步。
“左边是菲尔德宅子，”他说。
“自从菲尔德先生买下它以后，它就一直叫做菲尔德宅子。他们的女儿是一丝不苟型的，但儿子们却油里油气。如果我是你，我不会在这种地方停留的。”
女孩是没有停留。她有着清晰的侧轮廓，尖端微翘的俏皮的鼻子。虽然吃了闭门羹，丹顿的耳朵却痒了起来。每当有爱的钟声响起时，他的耳朵一定觉得酥痒。
“我的‘五点钟忧郁症’已经痊愈了，我敢打赌——”这完全是一次一厢情愿的打赌。女孩倏地向左转，丹顿的话凝在半空中。眼看着她的身影消失在一幢既长且广的房子里，他叹了口气。不过至少知道她是谁。她八成姓弗烈格，这片老格利斯渥德区是给弗烈格家租去的。
那天晚餐的时候，他母亲说：“丹顿，我很高兴你自己觉得好点了，但是你看起来不像。人不可能没有吃饭而不将饥饿的神情显示在神色上的。”
“也许他又恋爱了。”他父亲猜测着。
“你和玛格莉特重修旧好了？”母亲问？
“玛格莉特！”丹顿哼着说。“那个蠢货！”
“丹顿！”母亲惊呼起来。
“青春易逝啊！”老温特渥斯下了这样一句评语。
“我现在交了一个新的女朋友。”丹顿鲁莽地宣布。
“真的？”温特渥斯太太问？“这次是谁？”
“弗烈格小姐。”
“还好是位小姐，”温特渥斯先生说。
“她叫什么名字？”
“她自我介绍时说她是弗烈格小姐。”
“喔？那你就称自己是温特渥斯先生？”父亲说。
“你反正不知道她的名字，”母亲说。“是不是？”
丹顿郑重地站了起来。
“当你们在我这个年纪时，大概不会随便跟刚认识的人深交吧！”他不悦地说。
次日，丹顿向父亲借了一套白色法兰绒装，从阁楼里挖出一把用旧了网球拍，然后上街闲逛。他步伐踱得慢极了，慢得前后让五个家伙对着他大鸣喇叭，其中有三个还鸣了两次，因为他们不得不绕道而行。
终于，他的耐心有了代价。他猛练反手拍，直到她走近。然后丹顿开口：“你好！我相信我们以前见过面。”
那次邂逅，显然并没有给她留下深刻的印象。很快地她又走了。丹顿一下子坐在消防栓上，一下子坐在街旁镶路石上，一下子又坐到地上。到那女孩回来为止，他一共等了四十分钟。
“抱歉，”他谦卑地说。
“我真的很呆，但我只是想见一见你。我的名字是丹顿——丹顿·温特渥斯。你姓弗烈格，至于其他的我就不晓得了。”
有那么一刻美妙的时光，丹顿觉得全身浸润在她湛蓝冷漠的眼神里。但很快地，这眼神随着她的后退移开了。
丹顿有好几个礼拜没跟韦伯·哈斯汀说话，因为他们为了一个女孩子正闹得不愉快。丹顿收起了自尊，打了电话给韦伯。
“好吗？”他说。“出来喝杯可乐吧！”直到扯到正题前，韦伯已经喝掉他三杯可乐。
“你认识住在你家后面的女孩吗？”他问得漫不经心。
“哪一个？”
“搬到格利斯渥德区那个。”
“认识又怎样？”
丹顿涨红了脸，双手紧抓着椅子的扶手，黏下一团口香糖。他努力保持平稳的声调。
“假如你认识的话，也许可以帮我引见一下。”
“你要见她？”韦伯挑衅着说。“你是本镇的大情圣啊？”
这个占了地理位置便宜的人，竟然如此不可理喻。然而丹顿并不太愤怒，因为韦伯也曾受过他这种气。丹顿思索着其他可能帮得上忙的人。于是，他满心不情愿地找上了珍妮·弗瑞斯特——一个有着一口暴牙，动不动就咯咯笑的女孩。
“珍妮，”他说。“我一直满喜欢你的。”
珍妮咯咯地笑了。
“下一次我们开车去兜风时，希望你也来。事实上到时候我们需要有人担任烹调的工作，所以希望能再找一个女孩来。你有没有什么新朋友可以带来？”
珍妮摇了摇头。丹顿毫不在意她给了一个否定的答案。他接着问：“住在格利斯渥德区的那个女孩怎样？”
“梅琳·弗烈格吗？她不会去的。”
“为什么？”
“她不喜欢你，”珍妮又咯咯地笑了起来。“她觉得你乳臭未干。”
“听好，珍妮！”他一脸严肃地说。
“我才不是乳臭未干。要是在学期期间，我就有办法证明我不是。她会在足球队、篮球队，还有学生集会中看到我。然后她会明白我的生活有多么严谨。”
这一次，令他宽心的是，珍妮并没有那样笑。她反而皱起眉头，以充满智慧的口吻说：“人们一旦对他人有了错误的印象，想要改变他们的成见是很难的。梅琳觉得你没有深度，你应该主动有所表示，让她明白你的诚意和目标。”
丹顿生平第一次由衷地欣赏珍妮的智慧。
步行回家的途中，他不断忖度着各种表明自己的方法。假如他能够在危急的情况中救出一个婴儿，或是一条狗也好，梅琳一定会因此对他有进一步的认识。只不过，经验告诉他，婴儿与小狗很少处于危险的情况中。想着想着，他来到费兹花店门前。橱窗上贴了一张字条，上面写着：“花是一切爱人的语言。”
这段文字点醒了他。
“爸，”在晚餐桌旁他说。
“你可不可以先预支一点钱给我，做为整理草地以及其他杂物之用？我算了一下，大概要十八块。”
“等等，儿子，一个月草地只需要整理两次就行了。”
“你拿钱到底做什么？”他母亲问。
“喔，我得买一份礼物。”
“给女孩子？”
“嗯，差不多。”
“我不答应！”他母亲说。“再说，这个月以来，你已经拿了不止十八块了。”
温特渥斯先生抿一抿嘴唇。
“想一想，这个月也许不好过。”
在结束他银行的账户前，丹顿还有十一块钱。有了十八块，还有那十一块，他威武地朝费兹花店前进。一个新面孔的女孩，站在柜台里。她有一双弯弯的眉毛，和甜美温馨的笑容。他心里想着梅琳。
“买廿九块钱兰花！”他喊着。
那个女孩不相信地盯着他看。最后，她想：“天哪！”一个充满意义的字眼。丹顿感觉得出她的惊羡。
“把花送到多佛路的梅琳·弗烈格小姐。”他冷峻地说。
“天哪！”同样的话，不同的含意。这一次像是一个爱怜的抚弄。
“廿九块！”当钱只是一串冰冷、无人性的数目时，并不怎么讨人喜欢；一旦它经由轻柔的嗓音转译出来，听来仿佛是祝祷之声。他将一堆钞票搁在柜台上，望着那个女孩，就像望着北天的星星一般，她变得如梦如幻，清澈闪烁。
“你叫什么名字？”他哑着声音问。
“黛安娜。”她回答。
丹顿搔了搔耳朵，它又开始痒了。
①店里有个女孩。女孩坐下时，他瞥了一眼，站起来时他瞥了一眼；离开时，他瞥了两眼。付过账离开了杂货店，他朝北走去。这可是与他原来打算走的方向一百八十度的不同。
②“廿九块！”当钱只是一串冰冷、无人性的数目时，并不怎么讨人喜欢；一旦它经由轻柔的嗓音转译出来，听来仿佛是祝祷之声。
行香子·树绕村庄①
〔宋〕秦观
树绕村庄，水满陂塘。倚东风，豪兴徜徉。小园几许，收尽春光。有桃花红，李花白，菜花黄。
远远围墙，隐隐茅堂。飏青旗②，流水桥旁。偶然乘兴，步过东冈。正莺儿啼，燕儿舞，蝶儿忙。
（注释）①此词大约作于作者创作早期的熙宁年间（1068-1077年），当时作者家居，尚未出仕。一个春天，作者乘兴游览了一座村庄，被村野风光所感染，创作了此词。②青旗：青色的酒幌子。
Different people may bid for different things.
态度一 | 态度二 | 你的观点 |
当考试结果不如人意时，情绪低落，丧失信心，不再继续努力。 | 当考试失败时，分析并找出失败的原因，鼓励自己，增强自信，避免再犯同样的错误。 | 失败乃成功之母…… |
要求：1、词数：150左右；2、可根据内容要点适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3、开头已经给出，不计入总词数。
As middle school students, we have all taken examinations of different types and
—________. It was too hot.
Sometimes you'll hear people say that you can't love others until you love yourself. Sometimes you'll hear people say that you can't expect someone else to love you until you love yourself. Either way, you've got to love yourself first and this can be tricky. Sure we all know that we're the apple of our parents' eyes, and that our Grandmas think we're great talents and our Uncle Roberts think that we will go to the Olympics. But sometimes it's a lot harder to think such nice thoughts about ourselves. If you find that believing in yourself is a challenge, it is time you build a positive self-image and learn to love yourself.
Self-image is your own mind's picture of yourself. This image includes the way you look, the way you act, the way you talk and the way you think. Interestingly, our self-images are often quite different from the images others hold about us. Unfortunately, most of these images are more negative than they should be. Thus changing the way you think about yourself is the key to changing your self-image and your whole world.
The best way to defeat a passive self-image is to step back and decide to stress your success. That is, make a list if you need to, but write down all of the great things you do every day. Don't allow doubts to occur in it.
It very well might be that you are experiencing a negative self-image because you can't move past one flaw or weakness that you see about yourself. Well, roll up your sleeves and make a change of it as your primary task. If you think you're silly because you aren't good at math, find a tutor. If you think you're weak because you can't run a mile, get to the track and practice. If you think you're dull because you don't wear the latest trends, buy a few new clothes. But remember, just because you think it doesn't mean it's true.
The best way to get rid of a negative self-image is to realize that your image is far from objective, and to actively convince yourself of your positive qualities. Changing the way you think and working on those you need to improve will go a long way towards promoting a positive self-image. When you can pat yourself on the back, you'll know you're well on your way. Good luck!
The question of what children learn, and how they should learn it, is continually being debated and redebated. Nobody dares any longer to defend the old system, the parrot-fashion（way of learning by repeating what others say）of learning lessons, the grammar-with-a-whip（鞭子）system, which was good enough for our grandparents. The theories of modern psychology have stepped in to argue that we must understand the needs of our children. Children are not just small adults; they are children who must be respected as such.
Well, you may say, this is as it should be, and a good idea. But think further. What happens? “Education” becomes the responsibility not of teachers, but of psychologists. What happens then? Teachers worry too much about the psychological implications（暗示） of their lessons, and forget about the subjects themselves. If a child dislikes a lesson, the teacher feels that it is his fault, not the child's. So teachers worry whether history is “relevant” to modern young children. And do they dare to recount stories about violent battles? Or will this make the children themselves violent? Can they tell their classes about children of different races, or will this encourage racial hatred? Why teach children to write grammatical sentences? Oral expression is better. Sums? Arithmetic? No; real-life mathematical situations are more understandable.
You see, you can go too far. Influenced by educational theorists, who have nothing better to do than write books about their ideas, teachers leave their teaching-training colleges filled with grand, psychological ideas about children and their needs. They make complicated preparations and try out their “modern methods” on the long-suffering children. Since one “modern method” rapidly replaces another, the poor kids will have well been fed up by the time they leave school. Frequently the modern methods are so complicated that they fail to be understood by the teachers, let alone the children; even more often, the relaxed discipline so necessary for the “informal” feeling the class must have, prevents all but a handful of children from learning anything.
Although problems are a part of our lives, it certainly doesn't mean that we let them rule our lives forever. One day or the other, you'll have to stand up and say – problem, I don't want you in my life.
Problems with friends, parents, girlfriends, husbands, and children – the list goes on. Apart from these, the inner conflicts within ourselves work, too. These keep adding to our problems. Problems come in different shapes and colors and feelings.
But good news is that all problems can be dealt with. Now read on to know how to solve your problems.
Talk, it really helps. What most of us think is that our problem can be understood only by us and that no talking is going to help. Talking helps you move on and let go.
Write your problems. When you write down your problems, you are setting free all the tension from your system. You can try throwing away the paper on which you wrote your problems. By doing this, imagine yourself throwing away the problems from your life.
Don't lose faith and hope. No matter what you lose in life, don't lose faith and hope. Even if you lose all your money, family… you should still have faith.
Your problems aren't the worst. No matter what problem you get in life, there're another one million people whose problems are huger than yours. Your problems might just seem big and worse, but in reality they can be removed.
Go about and solve your problems because every problem, however big or small, always has a way out.
A. But the truth is that when you talk about it, you're setting free the negative energies that have been gathering within you.
B. When we have a problem, a pressing, critical, urgent, life-threatening problem, how do we try and solve it?
C. Tell yourself: when they can deal with them, why can't I?
D. Of course, we've been fighting troubles ever since we were born.
E. We can often overcome the problem and achieve the goal by making a direct attack.
F. Having a personal diary can also be of huge help if you don't want a real person to talk with.
G. With faith and hope, you can rebuild everything that you lose.
