Having smelt the fragrant  flowers, he walked into the kitchen, where he tasted a spoonful  of soup. The soup was too hot, so he had to give it up. When he was walking in the alley , he saw an old man, who was holding a mop  and a rectangular  box. The old man looked so tired, so he came up to him to help.

    Two excited kids begged their father for his permission to see a film. Having read some 1about the movie on the Internet, he firmly 2 their request with the reason that the movie presents immorality as being 3. “But dad, those scenes are only a few minutes of the 4film, in which good 5 evil eventually. In addition, there are other inspirational 6 like courage and determination making up for its 7!”

    But the father didn't 8, and the two teenagers were discouraged. They had just thrown themselves down on the couch when they heard the sounds of their father preparing something in the9. One of the teenagers said, “Dad must be feeling 10, and now he's trying to 11 us with some tasty food.” Soon their father appeared with a plate of warm cakes and said, “Before you eat, I want to tell you something: I love you both so much.”

    The teenagers smiled and 12 with each other knowing 13. Dad was softening. Looking at the mouth-watering cake, the two boys were getting impatient about the father's long speech. “But I want to be 14 with you. I added one ingredient(配料) that is not 15 found in cakes.”

    “To make it more delicious? Oh, come on, Dad! Please just tell us what it is.”

    “OK, if you 16. That 17 ingredient is dog waste.”

    Both teens 18 stopped chewing the cake, spit it out and dropped the 19 cake back on the plate.

    “DAD! Why did you do that?”

    “That is the same reason why I won't allow you to watch that movie. You won't 20 a little dog waste in your cake, so why should you put up with a little immorality in your movies?”

①分子个数比为16∶11                    ②密度比为16∶11

③体积比为16∶11                        ④原子个数比为11∶16

    The Leaning Tower of Pisa was straight like a pole when the construction began in 1173. It started to shift direction soon after construction because of poor foundation in addition to the loose layer of subsoil(底土). At the beginning, it leaned to the southeast before the shaky foundation started to shift leaning towards the southwest. After the period of structural strengthening at the beginning of the 21^st century, now the Leaning Tower of Pisa leans at an angle of 3.97 degrees.

    In 1178, the shift in direction was observed for the first time when the construction had progressed further to the third floor. The tower was heavy for the three-meter foundation that was built on a weak area of land.

    For compensating(补偿) the leaning position, the builders started to construct the upper floors with one side higher than the other one. This caused the tower to lean in the other direction. This unusual structure led to the tower being actually curved. In spite of these efforts, the tower kept on leaning.

    The government of Italy started to plan prevention of the complete collapse of the tower in 1964. However, a request was put forward by the authorities to keep the leaning position because of the tourism industry of the region.

    After nearly two decades of careful planning by engineers, historians and mathematicians, the stabilization efforts for the Leaning Tower of Pisa started in 1990. The tower was closed for the general public and the people living nearby moved away. For reducing the total weight of the tower, its seven bells which represented the seven musical notes were removed. The tower was reopened for the general public on December 15, 2001.

    In May 2008, after removing another 70 metric tons of earth, the engineers announced that the tower had been finally stabilized and it would remain stable for at least 200 years.

古土罐

贾平凹

①我来自乡下，其貌亦丑，爱吃家常饭，爱穿随便衣，收藏也只喜欢土罐。西安是古汉唐国都，出土的土罐多，土罐虽为文物，但多而价贱，国家政策允许，容易弄来，我就藏有近百件了。家居的房子原本窄狭，以致于写字台上，书架上，客厅里，甚至床的四边，全是土罐，我是不允许孩子们进我的房子，他们毛手毛脚，担怕撞碎，胖子也不让进来，因为所有空间只能独人侧身走动。曾有一胖妇人在转身时碰着了一个粮仓罐，粮仓罐未碎，粮仓罐上的一只双耳唐罐掉下来破为三片。许多人来这里叫喊我是仓库管理员，更有人抱怨房子阴气太重，说这些土罐都是墓里挖出来的，房子里放这么多怪不得你害病。我是长年害病，是文坛上著名的病人，但我知道我的病与土罐无关，我没这么多土罐时就病了的。至于阴气太重，我却就喜欢阴，早晨能吃饭的是神变的，中午能吃饭的是人变的，晚上能吃饭的是鬼变的，我晚上就能吃饭，多半是鬼变的。有客人来，我总爱显示我的各种土罐，说它们多朴素，多大气，多憨多拙，无人了，我就坐在土罐堆中默看默笑，十分受活。

②我是很懒惰的人，不大出门走动，更害怕去社交应酬。自书画渐渐有了名，虽别人以金来购，也不大动笔，人骂我惜墨，吝啬佬，但凡听说哪儿有罐，可以弄到手，不管白日黑天，风寒雪雨，我立即就赶去了。许多人因此而骗我，提一只土罐来换几个字，或要送我一只土罐而要求去赴一个堂会，上当受骗多了，我也知道要去上钩入瓮，但我控制不了我，我受不了土罐的诱惑。我想，在权力、金钱、女色、名誉诸方面，我绝对有美好的品质，而在土罐方面不行。对于土罐的如此嗜好，连我也觉得不解，或许我上上的那一世曾经是烧窑的？或许我上上的哪一世是个君王富豪？

③这些土罐，少量是古董市场上买的，大量是以画变换，还有一些，是我使了各种手段从朋友、熟人手中强夺巧取而来。在我洋洋得意收藏了近百的土罐之时，一日去友人芦苇家，竟然见得他家有一土罐大若两人楼抱，真是馋涎欲滴，过后耿耿于怀，但我难以启口索要，便四处打听哪儿还有大的，得知陕北佳县一带有，雇车去民间查访，空手而归，又得知泾阳某人有一巨土罐，驱车而去，那土罐大虽大，却已破裂。越是得不到越想得到，遂鼓足勇气给芦苇去了一信，写道—古语说，神归其位，物以类聚。我想能得到您存的那只特大土罐。您不要急。此土罐虽是您存，却为我爱，因我收集土罐上百，已成气候，却无统帅，您那里则有将无兵，纵然一本巨大，但并不是森林，还不如待在我处，让外人观之叹我收藏之盛，让我抚之念兄友情之重。当然，君子是不夺人之美，我不是夺，也不是骗，而要以金购买或以物易物。土罐并不值钱，我愿出原价十倍数，或您看上我家藏物，随手拿去。古时友人相交，有赠丫环之举，如今世风日下，不知兄肯否让出瓦釜？信发出后，日日盼有回复，但久未音讯，我知道芦苇必是不肯，不觉自感脸红。正在我失望之时，芦苇来电话：“此土罐是我镇家之物，你这般说话，我只有割爱了！”芦苇是好人，是我知己，我将永远感谢他了。我去拉那巨大土罐时，特意择了吉日，回来兴奋得彻夜难眠，我原谅着我的掠夺，我对芦苇说：物之所得所失，皆有缘份啊！

④现在，巨大土罐放在我的家中，它逼着一些家什移位于阳台上，而写字台仅留给我了报纸一般大的地方。我在想，这套房子到底是组织上分配给我住的还是给土罐住的？这些土罐是谁人所做，埋入谁人坟墓，谁人挖掘出土，又辗转了谁人之手来到了我这里？在我这里过百年了又落在哪人手中，又有谁能还知道我曾经收藏过呢？土罐是土捏烧而成，百年之后我亦化为土，我能不能有幸也被人捏烧成土罐，那么，家里这些土罐是不是有着汉武帝的土，司马迁的土，唐玄宗或李白的土？今夜，月明星稀，家人已睡，万籁俱静，我把每个土罐拍拍摸摸，以想象，在其身上书写了那些历史的人名，恍惚间，便觉得每个土罐的灵魂都从汉唐一路而来了，竟不知不觉间在一土罐上也写下了我的名字。

（有删节）

    The more advanced degrees a person has, the lower his blood pressure is, a study published online has found. An analysis(分析)of some 4,000 patient records from the 30­year Framingham Offspring Study found that, only considering age, women with 17 years or more of education, a master's or doctor's degree, had systolic(收缩的)blood pressure readings 3. 26 mmHg lower than female high school drop­outs. "Men who went to graduate school had systolic blood pressure readings that were 2. 26 mmHg lower than the people who did not finish high school, "the study, published online in the open access journal BMC Public Health says.

    The same inverse relationship between education and blood pressure was also seen, although to a lesser degree, in men and women who got bachelor's degrees(学士学位)at university but did not continue on to graduate school. They showed greater blood pressure benefits than high school drop­outs but lesser benefits than holders of master's or doctor's degrees, the study found.  Even after considering influences such as smoking, drinking and overweight, the benefits continued to exist, although at a lower level.

    The study could help explain the widely documented relation in developed countries between education and lower risk of heart disease, said lead author Eric Loucks, an assistant professor of public health at Brown University in Rhode Island. Blood pressure is "one of the biological bases of heart disease, "said Loucks, asking policy­makers who want to improve public health to think about improving access to education.

    The study focused on systolic blood pressure over diastolic(舒张的)blood pressure because "systolic high blood pressure is more common than diastolic high blood pressure."

文化浮躁的突出表现，就是整个社会都急于求成：普通人期待一夜成名，渴望一夜暴富；地方管理动辄宏观战略，贪大求洋，不再扎实肯干、埋头苦干、任劳任怨；科研人员不肯再刻苦钻研____________；（    ）甚至一些社会决策也只顾眼前利益，忽略可持续发展的未来……耐不住寂寞，守不住自我，静不下心来，____________、心浮气躁，越来越成为人们生活的常态。在这种文化浮躁的氛围中，文化生活似乎越来越与真、善、美渐行渐远。

抑制文化浮躁，无疑需要全社会的共同努力。良好社会氛围的营造，让每个人沉下心来，积极主动地去学习和思考，激发出自己的创造力和想象力，唯有如此，全社会才会面对中国社会发展凝聚共识，更加从容与自信地走向未来。

而像《朗读者》《经典咏流传》等文化类节目的热播____________。继承和发扬民族文化的基础上、传统文化教育壁如普通话与口才培训，已成为家长越来越多培养孩子成才成长的新选择。传播传统文化的内容创业也开始出现莲勃发展的势头，传统文化衍生品也正在获得市场关注……如果文化类节目的热播能够促进传统文化相关产业蓬勃发展，反过来产业发展又可以为节目创作提供新鲜的内容，两者____________，将成为文化类节目很有价值的外延意义。

    The fence was long and high. He put the brush into the whitewash and moved it along the top of the fence. He repeated the operation. He felt he could not continue and sat down.

    He knew that his friends would arrive soon with all kinds of interesting plans for the day.

    They would walk past him and laugh. They would make jokes about his having to work on a beautiful summer Saturday. The thought burned him like fire.

    He put his hand into his pockets and took out all that he owned. Perhaps he could find some way to pay someone to do the whitewashing for him. But there was nothing of value in his pockets—nothing that could buy even half an hour of freedom. So he put the bits of toys back into his pockets and gave up the idea.

    At this dark and hopeless moment, a wonderful idea came to him. It filled his mind with a great, bright light. Calmly he picked up the brush and started again to whitewash.

    While Tom was working, Ben Rogers appeared. Ben was eating an apple as he walked along the street. As he walked along it, he was making noises like the sound of a riverboat. First he shouted loudly, like a boat captain. Then he said “Ding－Dong－Dong”,“Ding－Dong－Dong” again and again, like the bell of a riverboat. And he made other strange noises. When he came close to Tom, he stopped.

    Tom went on whitewashing. He did not look at Ben. Ben stared a moment and then said: “Hello! I'm going swimming, but you can't go, can you？”

    No answer. Tom moved his brush carefully along the fence and looked at the result with the eye of an artist. Ben came nearer. Tom's mouth watered for the apple, but he kept on working.

    Ben said, “Hello, old fellow, you've got to work, hey？”

    Tom turned suddenly and said, “Why, it's you, Ben! I wasn't noticing.”

     “Say—I'm going swimming. Don't you wish you could? But of course you'd rather work—wouldn't you? Of course you would.”

    Tom looked at the boy a bit, and said, “What do you call work？”

     “Why, isn't that work？”

    Tom went back to his whitewashing, and answered carelessly.

     “Well, maybe it is, and maybe it isn't. All I know is, it suits Tom Sawyer.”

     “Oh come, now, you don't mean to say that you like it？”

    The brush continued to move.

     “Like it? Well, I don't see why I shouldn't like it. Does a boy get a chance to whitewash a fence every day？”

    Ben stopped eating his apple. Tom moved his brush back and forth, stepped back to look at the result, added a touch here and there, and stepped back again. Ben watched every move and got more and more interested. Soon he said，“Say, Tom, let me whitewash a little.”

    Tom thought for a moment, and was about to agree, but he changed his mind.

     “No—no—it won't do, Ben. You see, Aunt Polly wants this fence to be perfect. It has got to be done very carefully. I don't think there is one boy in a thousand, maybe two thousand, that can do it well enough.”

     “No—is that so? Oh come, now—let me just try. Only just a little.”

“Ben, I'd like to, but if it isn't done right, I'm afraid Aunt Polly ”

     “Oh, I'll be careful. Now let me try. Say—I'll give you the core of my apple.”

     “Well, here—No, Ben, now don't. I'm afraid …”

     “I'll give you all of it.”

    Tom gave up the brush with unwillingness on his face, but joy in his heart. And while Ben worked at the fence in the hot sun, Tom sat under a tree, eating the apple, and planning how to get more help. There were enough boys. Each one came to laugh, but remained to whitewash. By the time Ben was tired, Tom sold the next chance to Billy for a kite; and when Billy was tired, Johnny bought it for a dead rat—and so on, hour after hour. And when the middle of the afternoon came, Tom had won many treasures.

    And he had not worked. He had had a nice idle time all the time, with plenty of company, and the fence had been whitewashed three times. If he hadn't run out of whitewash, Tom would have owned everything belonging to his friends.

    He had discovered a great law of human action, namely, that in order to make a man or a boy want a thing, it is only necessary to make the thing difficult to get.

—Sorry, I can't.