Computers have beaten human world champions at chess and, earlier this year, the board game Go. So far, though, they have struggled at the card table. So we challenged one AI to a game.

    Why is poker(扑克) so difficult? Chess and Go are “information complete” games where all players can see all the relevant information. In poker, other players' cards are hidden, making it an “information incomplete” game. Players have to guess opponents' hands from their actions—tricky for computers. Poker has become a new benchmark for AI research. Solving poker could lead to many breakthroughs, from cyber security to driverless cars.

    Scientists believe it is only a matter of time before AI once again vanquishes humans, hence our human-machine match comes up in a game of Texas Hold's Em Limit Poker. The AI was developed by Johannes Heinrich, researcher studying machine learning at UCL. It combines two techniques: neural(神经的) networks and reinforcement learning(强化学习).

    Neural networks, to some degree, copy the structure of human brains: their processors are highly interconnected and work at the same time to solve problems. They are good at spotting patterns in huge amounts of data. Reinforcement learning is when a machine, given a task, carries it out, learning from mistakes it makes. In this case, it means playing poker against itself billions of times to get better.

    Mr Heinrich told Sky News: “Today we are presenting a new procedure that has learned in a different way, more similar to how humans learn. In particular, it is able to learn abstract patterns, represented by its neural network, which allow it to deal with new and unseen situations.”

    After two hours of quite defensive play, from the computer at least, we called it a draw.

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：每处错误及其修改均限一词。

⑴Many people are opposed to cut down the old tree for building a shopping center.

⑵You can be physical addicted to nicotine, which is one of the hundreds of chemicals in cigarettes.

⑶I do hope so because I want you to live as long and healthy life as I have.

⑷The accident resulted from three men being killed.

⑸Please tell me the effect that smoking can have in sporting performance.

⑹I'd appreciate that if you could teach me how to use the computer.

⑺With the door being locked, the students couldn't get into the classroom.

⑻I enjoyed the movie very much. I wish I read the original book before.

⑼A medical team making up of three doctors and a nurse was sent there.

⑽The government has lifted the ban about importing from Japan.

氮气　 ；二氧化碳　 ；氨气　 ；甲烷 

①留得正气凌霄汉   著成信史照尘寰

②忍看朋辈成新鬼   怒向刀丛觅小诗

③寄意寒星莶不察   我以我血荐轩辕

④一代文幸推子夜   毕生心血似春蚕 

⑤万顷重湖悲去国   一江千古属斯人

⑥心事浩茫连广宇   于无声处听惊雷

①分子个数之比为11：16

②密度比为11：16

③体积比为16：11

④原子个数比为11：16．

未来世界

1）. 我相信未来是一个舒适、发达，让人满意的世界。气候温和，环境优美，污染问题彻底得到解决。

2）. 居住地：陆地，漂浮城市，海洋等。

3）. 交通方式：环保汽车，太空飞船，甚至利用时光机穿越过去或未来。

4）. 只要努力，一切都可能实现。

注意：

① 短文应包括所提示的内容，适当发挥；

② 要求书写清楚,句子通顺，语法正确。

The world in the future

    I believe that……

    Paying a higher price than usual for a ticket to see a film in 3D is the annoyance of many a cinema-goer's life.

    But there may be a benefit to doing so, as a study has found that 3D films exercise the brain and improve short-term functioning in a similar way to brain-training tests.

    The research found that people who watched a movie in 3D improved cognitive (认知) skills, compared to those who watched it in 2D.

    The research was led by neuroscientist(神经学家) Dr Patrick Fagan from Goldsmiths University in London. More than 100 people took part in the experiment, where participants watched Disney film Big Hero 6 in either standard format or RealD 3D.

    They also carried out a brain-training-style test before and after seeing a section from the film. The test covered memory, reaction times and cognitive function and the results were compared later.

    According to the research, which was carried out in partnership with science group Thrill Laboratory, participants experienced a 23 percent increase in cognitive processing, as well as an 11 percent increase in reaction times.

     Fagan said that the results showed enough of an improvement in brain function to suggest that 3D could play a part in improving brain power in the future.

    “These findings are more significant than you might think,” he said. “It is a fact that people are living longer and there is a noticeable decline in cognitive brain function in old age which can worsen future quality of life. There has never been a better time to look at ways to improve brain function. The initial results of this study show that 3D films may potentially play a role in slowing this decline.”

    A second part of the experiment involved those watching the film being fitted with headsets that scanned brain activity and this too showed heightened (加强的) activity when watching 3D. According to the results, participants were seven percent more engaged with what they were watching, adding to argument that 3D movies are more like watching real-life—something Professor Brendan Walker from Thrill Laboratory agreed with.

    “As Professor Brendan Walker's test concluded, 3D films are more attractive and heighten the senses — this, in turn, makes the brain run at quicker speeds,” Dr Fagan said.

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（ ），并在其下面写出该加的词

删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1）. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2）. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

    The earthquake affects the students of the destroying areas in many ways. How can we help them? One expert says the child will have feelings of fear, angry and feel they are not safe after the quake. They will find it hardly to focus. They will tend to cry and shout and tremble. And they might be afraid to be alone.The teenagers will find it difficult to live in a balance way. If things get worse they might not be able to focus to their studies. He also say we can do something to help the children. The first thing is that to build up trust with them, and be their friend. Then you have to give them sense of safety. Thirdly, try to satisfy their psychological needs. Be a good listener whether he or she needs to talk.