人物传记类 知识点题库

    George Stephenson was born in 1781 in a poor f. He had to start working when he was o eight. When George was fourteen, he became his father's helper. It took him a lot of time to learn about the engine. O holidays he often took it to pieces and studied each piece carefully. Soon he became a very good worker though he couldn't read or w. He began to learn English letters when he was seventeen years old. Every day after he did twelve hours' hard work, he walked a long way to have lessons from a young school teacher. On his eighteenth b , he wrote his name for the f time in his life. George was the i of many things. The train was the greatest one among them.

    Tim Berners-Lee is not the most famous inventor in the world. However, his invention has changed our lives.

He was born in London, England in 1955. When he was a small boy, Tim was interested in playing with electrical things. He studied science at Oxford University. He made his first computer from an old television at the age of 21.

    Tim started working on early computers. At that time, they were much bigger than now. He worked in England then Switzerland. Tim was really interested in two things, computers and how the brain works. How could the brain connect so many facts so quickly? He had to work with people all over the world. They shared information about computers. It was hard to manage all the information. He answered the same questions again and again. It took a lot of time. It was even difficult for computers in the same office in Switzerland to share information, Tim also forgot things easily. Could a computer work like a brain? Could it “talk” to other computers?

There was an Internet already but it was difficult to use. In 1989, Tim Berners—Lee invented the World Wide Web (WWW) all by himself. This had a special language that helped computers talk to each other on the Internet. When people wanted to share information with others, they used the World Wide Web. The Internet grew quickly after that.

Tim Berners—Lee doesn't think he did anything special. He says that all of the ideas about the Internet were already there. All he did was to put them together. He says that many other people worked together to make the Internet what it is today.

    Most inventors want to become rich. But Tim gave away the World Wide Web for nothing. He now works in America. He helps people share technology and wants the Internet to be free for everyone to use. Maybe he is the most important but least famous inventor in the world today!

    Who is Li Ziqif? For 7 million YouTube viewers and 20 million Weibo users, it's easy to answer. The 29-year-old vlogger's videos about her country life recently went viral (走红). Her fans call her "the goddess of nature".

    She is worthy of this title. Cooking, painting, designing, farming she practises and is master of many kinds of skills. In her videos, Li wears hanfu that she made herself. She also keeps silkworms in order to sew quilts. Li grows plants as well. She is often seen preparing meals with vegetables picked from her backyard. She eats a seasonal diet.

    "She performs the work of a farmer with the grace of a fairy," the South China Morning Post said.

Li was raised by her grandparents in a small village in Sichuan province. When she was 14, she went to the city to work, but returned to the countryside in 2012 to take care of her sick grandmother.

    To make a living, Li runs an online store. At first, she just used her videos to advertise her products. But the simple pleasures she presented quickly won her many fans. "In such a tech-driven age, where everything comes so quickly, it's beautiful to watch such a slow process unfold (展现) without her getting stressed," one of her fans said online.

    For her global audience, what is even more interesting is Li's deep knowledge of food, nature and Chinese culture. "I can see how good Chinese people are at cooking! I never thought of preserving (保存) meat like that!" one foreign fan wrote on YouTube.

    As China Daily said, Li shows the world that Chinese people love good food and are good at making art out of the simplest materials. With her videos, she has spread Chinese culture to the world.

    Hello! I'm Tommy. I'm an American boy. Now I live in China with my parents and my sister. We like China and Chinese food. Chinese food is good for our health. We usually have eggs and noodles for breakfast. For lunch we have rice, vegetables, chicken and a bowl of soup. Sometimes we have some dumplings (饺子) for dinner. We don't like fast food like ham burgers and French fries. They are unhealthy food.

    Good morning, everyone! My name is Kate. I am a girl. I am from the United Kingdom. I live in London now. It is a bi city. I like English. Ms Scott is my English teacher. I like her very much. Now it's 9:00. It's time for my English class.

As a child, Alain Robert was afraid of heights. One day, when he was 12, he returned home from school. At the front door of his building, he looked for his keys. He didn't have them. It was 3:30, and his parents worked until 6:00 p.m. Robert looked at his apartment on the eighth floor. He saw an open window. He closed his eyes and pictured himself climbing the building. When he opened his eyes, he told himself, "I can do it." A quarter of an hour later, he was in his house, and his fear of heights was gone.

Today, Robert (known as the French Spideman) still climbs buildings. In 2004, he climbed Taipei 101(the tallest building in the world at the time), and in 2011 he climbed the Burj Khalifa Tower in Dubai. To reach the top of a building, Robert usually uses only his hands and special shoes. To climb the Burj Khalifa Tower, though, he was made to wear safety ropes.

Robert climbs as a hobby. He also does it to make money for charity (for children and the homeless). Climbing is his passion. Although many climbing accidents have left him seriously disabled, he has become one of the best solo climbers in the world. Alain says in an interview, "We set ourselves limits, but we are all strong enough to aim higher, to achieve our goals. All we have to do is find such strength within ourselves."

When Robert climbs, he wants to send a message to people. If you have a dream—something you really want to do—it can become real. But you must be brave and keep trying. If something bad happens, don't give up. Close your eyes and tell yourself, "I can do it."

John Wesley Powell

    Every time I go whitewater rafting, I think of an explorer named John Wesley Powell who was an amazing figure in the American West. Powell was fearless and thought nothing of hopping in a boat and rowing down an unknown river. Along the way, he studied geology, plants, and wildlife, teaching himself much about the natural world.

    In 1860, Powell joined the army in the Civil War. He was injured and lost his right arm. When the wound was cured, he went back into battle! In 1865, He retired as a major (上校).

    Powell took a teaching position as professor of geology even though he had never gone to college himself. During this time, he began to develop a daring plan. He wanted to explore the Grand Canyon by rafting the Colorado River. No one had done such a thing before.

    In May of 1869, Powell set out with ten men on the Green River in Wyoming for a ten-month trip. Everyone who saw them leave though they would be done for.

    No wonder! They were facing the unknown with every bend of the river. No one knew what rapids (急流) lay ahead or how dangerous they'd be. But Powell refused to give up. He had courage and carefulness. He did what he set out to do. He got a river's-eye view of one of the most unbelievable natural formations (构造) on Earth. And he lived to tell the tale.

Han Meimei is a beautiful Chinese girl. She is 14 years old. She is a 1. She is 2Class 4, Grade 7. Music is her favorite 3 at school. In her 4 time, Meimei likes singing and dancing. She 5 sings and dances at home. And she also likes playing 6piano. She can play it very 7. She wants 8 a musician (音乐家). Tomorrow she will go to 9 birthday party. She'd like to dance and sing at the 10. All the classmates are happy to know this.

Travelling around the world is the dream of many people. But few people can afford(付得起) a global tour, because hotels, food and airplane tickets are expensive. However, some people have thought of some ways to make their dreams come .

Laura Cody and Tanbay Theune are a couple from Britain. They decided to travel around the . By looking after pets for rich house owners, they have found a good way to . for their trips. They have looked after animals . as horses, dogs and fish. In exchange(作为交换), they can stay in the houses . free. The home owners may also give the couple some local food to eat. In two years, . have been to many countries like Australia, Spain and Italy.

Another person . tries to realize her travel dream is Rhiannon Taylor. She also knows . to make money during travelling. Taylor travels around the world to visit and take photos of . best hotels. She also shares the food she eats on the Internet.

With these creative ways, it is . longer a problem to travel around the world. Do you want to have a try?

Frank was clever, but he never liked to work hard. He often said to his friends, "If you work hard, you will make a lot of money, but it is not so good. I want easy work and a lot of money. That's the most interesting thing in the world. "So he could only be a thief ( 小 偷 ). But he still thought it was too much work, so he only told his friends what to do and got money from them.

One day, Frank sent one of his friends to a very large and beautiful house. He told him to get money from that rich family. It was evening, and a man and a girl were in the room. They were playing a duet（二重奏）on a piano. Then the thief came into the house.

When he returned, Frank asked him what he had got. But he said, "I didn't take anything. That family can't have much money. You know, two people were playing on the same piano there. They did not have money to buy another piano."

Do you like playing sports? I do. l watched the Tokyo Olympic Games (东京奥运会) from July 23rd to August 8th. She is a gold medal winner(金牌得主), but she is only 14 years old.

Quan's birthday is on March 28th. She started learning diving(跳水)in 2017, at 10 years old. She likes diving and works hard all the time. Quan has a big family. She has two brothers and two sisters. Her parents are farmers. Her father is the mainstay(支柱)of the family.

Now, one of her brothers is at work. Her younger brother and sister are learning diving, too.

    Jim, a successful businessman, shared the experience of his childhood with others.

When he was 12 years old, his parents1. He was alone and didn't get on well with2. People always laughed3him. No one wanted to show kindness to him. His only friend was a4named Tige.

    One day as he walked down the street, a young lady was walking in front of him. Suddenly one of her bags dropped from her arms. As she stopped to5, she dropped other bags. He came to help her. "Thank you, dear! You are a nice little boy" she said kindly.

A 6 feeling came to him. These were the first kind words he had 7 heard. He watched her8she went far away, and he whistled to his dog and went to the river nearby.

"Thank you, dear! You are a nice little boy!" he repeated the woman's words. Then in a low9he said to his dog, "You are a nice little dog！" Tige raised its10as if it understood.

Finally, he got to the river and looked at himself in it. He saw11but a dirty boy. He washed his face 12. He looked again and saw a clean nice boy.

After telling this, the businessman stopped for a while, and then he said, "Ladies and gentlemen, this is the very place where that kind woman planted in me the13seed of kindness. All of us should14the power of kindness". If you show your kindness to others, you will grow15an able man.

    Bethany Hernandez is 24 years old. 1 she is young, she has become a good helicopter (直升机) pilot.

    Bethany once posted a (n) 2 on the Internet. In it, she is smiling in a toy helicopter. "Give me a couple of years to make my dreams come true," she wrote the words online. Finally she succeeded.

    What a (n) 3 story! But as we all know, it is not easy to achieve dreams. What she did was hard work. When she was in the face of difficulties, she showed that she was better than anyone. Bethany once heard lots of bad words. Instead of making her upset, those words 4 her to be better.

    So far, Bethany has got a bit of respect (尊重). Now the best thing for her is 5 the results of her hard work from up in the sky.

Wow! What a big dog he is! The dog is Juji. He is from the United States. In real life, Juji is not that big. But why does he look so big in the picture? It's because of his owner(主人)Christopher Cline.

Christopher Cline is interested in taking photos. He takes pictures of Juji and then uses computer software(软件) to make Juji look big in his pictures. The two have many fun stories together. Look! Cline is riding on Juji's back.

For Cline, Juji is not only a dog but also his good friend. When he feels terrible, Juji can always be with him. He takes Juji for a walk every day. This helps him relax from his busy life.

Now Cline's favorite thing is to put his photos online and talk about them. Next, Cline is going to take photos of other people and their pets. Do you want to have such a photo?

More than fifty years ago, a fat orange cat was born under the pen of Jim Davis. The famous cartoonist never expected it would be1for so long. Today, if you tell the name Garfield, almost everybody will know you are talking about the2.

Garfield became successful very quickly. It appeared in more than 40 newspapers3after it was born. By 1983 that4had risen to 1000. Today, about 200 million people read Garfield's story in 25705every day. There are also lots of Garfield books, TV plays, films and clothes.

Davis said he6why Garfield could become so popular. "That's because Garfield is just the cat next door," The cartoonist said "He eats a lot and sleeps a lot. He never likes7, so he is fat. He does not like Monday. We may say there is a Garfield deep in everybody's8. All of us may have the same ideas as him."

At the age of 72, Davis still writes the Garfield books. He has never thought about9his pen "Do something to make people10and feel happy," Davis said. "That's what I go for all the time."

Orion Jean is a 10-year-old boy from Fort Worth, Texas. He is making a difference in the world with his acts of kindness. And these acts may change the lives of people he has helped.

It all began after a student kindness competition last year where he gave encouraging words to share about taking the first step. " Kindness is a virtue (美德) we can all have, if we are willing to, " he said." So why not start today? Because right now, it's what we need more than ever. "

With the $500 prize money he won, Orion gave away toys to a local children's hospital. Next, he helped prepare 100, 000 meals for families in Texas. And now he wants to give books to kids who may not have them and plans to collect 500, 000 books in a race to kindness".

Kherri Jean, Orion's mother, wrote on her Facebook page on July 31 that Orion has already collected over 120, 000 books. "Today was one of my favorite days!" she said. We had a 'Race to Kindness' free book fair for children and their parents. It was so great seeing kids looking for books they like and taking them home!"

And even if he hasn't met the goal of 500, 000 books, Orion has done far more to put books into the hands of poor children than most. "I's all about my moral (道德) responsibility to help people," Orion said. "You know, it's my responsibility to be able to see these people who need help know that I can help them. "

Four Famous Persons

Word box: president 总统       civil war 内战       slave 奴隶       Joseon Dynasty 朝鲜王朝

character 文字       treat 治疗       soldier 士兵       Anti-Japanese 抗日战争

Anna Brown was an artist who believed that it was important to help others. When she heard of a summer camp for children with serious illnesses, she came up with an idea. It cost money for these kids to go to camp, so Anna decided to see what she could do to help. It was impossible for her to donate (捐赠) a lot of money, so she had to think of another way.

She wanted to take advantage of her love of art. So she started making and selling beautiful cards to raise money for these kids. Because these cards were all handmade, it would take her a long time to make a lot of them. So Anna had another idea. She started inviting friends to her house to help her make the cards. At first her friends were hesitant. Many said that they were not artistic and didn't know how to make cards. But once they saw the beautiful materials that she had in her workroom, her friends felt more comfortable doing things such as drawing and cutting in order to make a new card.

But the materials were expensive. To make money without spending money, Anna asked for and got donations of paper, glue, scissors, and other things from nearby stores. She sold her cards for three dollars each in different art markets during the year. Anna raised more than $30,000 in her 10 years making cards.

The brush pen, one of the "Four Treasures of the Study", was invented thousands of years ago. However, the oldest pen was just a stick or a piece of bamboo. It was difficult for people to write well on thin silk.

It is said that Meng Tian, a general of the Kingdom (王国) Qin, improved the pen. When Meng was leading an army to fight against the Kingdom of Chu, he had to report the situation to his king in time. But his pen was too hard and caused him much trouble, so he was thinking of ways to improve it.

One day after hunting (狩猎), Meng made his way home with some wild rabbits on the horse back. Fat and heavy, one rabbit's tail left a long trail (痕迹) on the ground when they moved on. Suddenly a good idea came to his mind when he saw it, "If I tie the rabbit's hair to a stick, would it be easy to write with?"

On arriving home, he tied the rabbit's hair to a stick and tried writing with it. But the rabbit's hair was too smooth to write well and wasted a lot of silk. Meng was so disappointed that he threw away his "invention" into a stone hole in the yard.

However, Meng never gave up and kept trying all the time. A few rainy days later, he happened to find his "invention" fatter in a stone hole. He picked it up with hope. The brush worked beautifully on silk. It turned out that the special water had cleaned the oil from the hair. Meng succeeded at last.

Thanks to Meng, the brush pen is playing a key role in Chinese culture. Today, students are taught to use the brush pens in school. It makes their life more colorful and helps them better understand Chinese culture.

Mark Twain was a famous writer and he had a good sense of h  .

One day, Mark Twain received an invitation to give a speech in a small city. When he arrived, he decided to have his hair cut before the speech. "Do you like our city? " The barber asked him. "It's my  to be in such a beautiful place here. " answered Mark Twain. "It's lucky for you to be here today, " the barber continued,  "Because Mark Twain is going to give a speech tonight. I you're coming for it, right? "

"That's true. " replied Mark Twain.

"Have you got the ticket? "

"Not yet. "

"Oh, what a pity! I'm c that the lecture hall will be full of audience. Then you'll have to stand from the beginning till the end. There will be no s. "

"Exactly!" said Mark Twain. "It' s really annoying to be with Mark Twain. I have to stand all the way whenever he gives a speech. "