科普环保类 知识点题库

   The earth(地球)moves(移动)round the sun ,and the1 moves round the earth. When our part of the earth turns(转)2 the sun ,it is 3 .When our part of the earth turns 4 from the sun ,it's Night.
   The sun is5 bigger than the moon. But sometimes the moon looks bigger than the sun , because it is much 6 to the earth.
The sun is very bright. It7very strong light. The moon looks quite bright, too, but it doesn’t give8light 9.The light from the moon comes 10 the sun .

    If you are writing or studying, it makes much difference where the light comes from. People use 1 and pens every day. They have to be very careful about the2of the light because the light shines on their work.
    Every 3gets its light either from daylight 4 the window or from the lamps, 5 no matter what kind of light it is, the way it shines is very important to the eyes.
    Take a book and sit with your 6 towards the window, and try to read. Your shadow(影子) falls all over the page and makes it 7 for your eyes as if you were in a 8 room. Now turn around and face the window. The page is in shadow again, 9 the bright light is in your eyes.Try sitting with your 10 side towards the window. This is very good for reading, but if you were writing, the shadow 11 fall across the page and trouble you 12.There is another way – sit 13 your left side to the window. Now everything is perfect for 14 as well.
    Whatever kind of light is in the room, the rule about the right way to sit is 15 the same. So you see different ways to sit make much difference in writing or studying.

      Frank worked for the Canadian government. One day, he was1to learn more about wolves (狼). Do wolves kill lots of caribou (北美驯鹿)? Do they kill people?They gave him lots of food, clothes and guns (手枪). Then they put him on a plane and took him to2.The plane put him down and went away. There were no houses or people in this place. But there were lots of animals and lots of wolves.People tell3stories about wolves. They say wolves like to kill and eat people. Frank remembered these stories, and he was afraid. He had his gun with him4.
      Then one day, he saw a group of wolves. There was a mother wolf with four baby wolves. A father wolf and another young wolf lived with them.Frank 5 these wolves every day. The mother was a very good mother. She gave milk to her babies. She gave them lessons about life. They learned6 get food. The father wolf got food for the mother. The young wolf 7the children. They were a nice, happy family—a wolf family! Frank did not need his 8any longer. In a short time, he got on well with the family.
    Frank watched them for five months. He learned that many stories about the wolves were 9.Wolves do not eat people, and they do not eat many large animals. And he also learned bad things about men. It was men who killed many caribou and wolves.
Later, Frank wrote a book about wolves. He wanted people to 10them and not to kill them.

阅读下面语言材料，然后按文后要求做题。根据材料内容选择最佳答案。

                                                                                                               B

    In today's world, sleep experts say that for a better night's rest, Americans should turn off their smartphones or iPad before sleeping. Such electronic products make the brain more active, and then influence their sleep. But according to a latest survey, more than 90% of Americans regularly use a computer or some other kinds of electronic products in the hour before bed.

    Researchers are finding that man-made light from some electronic products at night may reduce the brain chemicals(化学物质) that help sleep. The researchers showed that sitting in the light from computer tablets clearly lowered levels of the chemical which manages our body clocks and plays a role in the sleep cycle.

    In the study, the researchers let volunteers read, play games and watch movies on a tablet for different time while measuring(测量) how much light their eyes received. They found that two hours of sitting before a bright tablet screen at night reduced the sleep chemical levels by about 22%.

    Studies of students using computers at night have got the similar results. And researchers say that may not only cause sleeplessness, but also raise the risk of obesity(肥胖症), diabetes(糖尿病) and other diseases.

    To be on the safe side, the researchers advise us to use computers less before bed, or at the very least turning down your screen as much as possible.

根据短文理解，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择最佳答案填空。

    Can you imagine astronauts' everyday life in space? They also need to eat,  1 , exercise and relax. They do the same things as us, but they do2 differently.

    On Earth, we put food on a plate and water in a glass. Gravity(重力) holds the food down and keeps the water in the glass.  3 there is almost no gravity in space, so food can float(漂浮) away, and astronauts must eat and drink4  .

    Sleeping is very different in space. Some astronauts like to float in the air, but most like to be in a 5bag. They tie the bag to a wall 6 they won't float away at night. Exercise is very important in space. On Earth, your legs 7 your body, but in space, astronauts float. So they do not use their legs often. This is very  8their legs, so they must exercise for thirty minutes every day.

    After a day's work, astronauts relax. They may listen to music, read, watch films, play games, or talk to their friends and families  9  the radio. Sometimes they just enjoy 10 in the air.

完形填空。

    How could we live without the Internet? That's1most of us keep in touch with friends, find cool places to visit, or get the latest2. We can use it to do homework, find out what new movies are on, get information3a college (大学) we're thinking about, or find a job. Almost(几乎)4we can think of has a website about it.

    5you've heard stories about people who are cheated(被骗) in chat rooms. Some users don't tell others their true names. Everyone in the chat room looks like6a mask(面具). Some people may want to do something7in it. They will sometimes ask visitors for their information. The information might be about their families, or where they8. It shouldn't be given away. This might9you or your family.

    Of course, the Internet is home to millions of places you can and should visit. However, remember to10yourself while online.

完形填空

    We see many animals，like rabbits，bees，birds，sheep and so on，but do you know1 these animals say things? First，let's see a rabbit. When a rabbit sees something2 it runs away at once. When it runs，its tail moves up and 3. When other rabbits see this，they run 4. Many other animals use this kind of 5. When a bee has found some food，it goes back to its home. It cannot tell 6 bees where the food is by speaking to them，but it does a little dance in the air. They may tell other bees 7 the food is. Some animals say things by making sounds like a man does. 8 ， a dog barks when a stranger comes near. Some birds can make several 9 sounds，each with its own meaning. In a word，every animal has its 10language.

完形填空

    What do you think of robots? Will they work for humans in the future?  Maybe we can't answer it.But robots have 1 an important part in our daily life for several years .But in some science fiction movies, the robots are just like humans. Now they help humans with the housework and do the most 2 jobs.

    Many scientists believe that there will be such robots in the future.3they agree it may 4 hundreds of years. Scientists are now trying to make robots look like people and do the same things as us.

    But robot scientist James White 5 He thinks that it will be 6 for a robot to do the same things as a person7 it's easy for a child to wake up and know where they are. Mr. White thinks that robots won't be able to do this. But other scientists disagree. They think that robots will be able to talk to people 8 25 to 50 years.

    Robot scientists are not just trying to make robots look like people. For example, there are already robots working in factories. They do many 9 over and over again. People would not like to do such jobs and would get bored. But robots will10 get bored.

    In the future, there will be more robots everywhere, and humans will have 11 work to do. New robots will have many different12. Some will look like humans, and13 might look like snakes. After an earthquake , a snake robot could help look for people under buildings. That may not seem possible now, but computers, space rockets and even electric toothbrushes 14 impossible a hundred years ago. With the 15of science technology. We never know what will happen in the future! Let's work much harder to make robots serve us better!

完形填空

    Workers aren't allowed to go into a big underground computer center until they step up to a machine that takes a quick picture of the tiny blood vessels (血管) inside their eyes.

    If the machine can't 1 the picture with images in its computer, the worker is stopped by security guards (保安员).

    Each person has his own way of blood vessels in his or her2.And unlike a key, the way can't be3.Old-fashioned keys and locks may soon be things of the past.High-tech security devices (安全装置) are being fixed at military (军事的) bases, computer centers and banks.Companies that 4 the machines say they'll someday be used in people's homes and cars.

    Already, a Japanese company has fixed ways that recognize (识别) people's fingerprints in 360 new homes.The machines open the doors only for the 5of the houses.The new security ways are selling well because thieves and robbers are getting better at breaking into buildings and computers that are 6 by keys and locks.Since nobody can steal or copy a fingerprint, or one's eyes, the new machines are 7.

    Other new machines recognize one's voice.Two American companies use 8 machines to keep an eye on their computers.Inexpensive voice-recognition machines may someday take the place of locks on cars.The doors would open only for the owners.The machines would 9 the owners as little as $270.Although the up-to-date machines are amazing, scientists must still solve a serious problem.How will a boy borrow his dad's car without borrowing his dad's 10?

阅读短文，从每题所给选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

    We are lucky to live in a rich country where we have many things. However, most of us usually 1some things.

    Electricity(电) is one thing that we waste 2. Lights, TVs,3 and other things are often kept on even when no one is using them. We should turn them off when we do not need them. It 4less than a second to do it. Anyhow, not wasting electricity is saving money, because we do not have to 5the electricity we do not use.

    The second thing that we often waste is water. Fresh water is precious(宝贵的)，6 it shouldn't be wasted. It is only a simple matter of turning off a tap. I am sure7can do this easily if he wants to.

    8big waste is food. My mother 9cook so much food that much of it was thrown away. I told her we had wasted so much 10. She thought I was right and now 11cooks what we can eat.

    It is not12to be wasteful. I find there is a simple 13of not wasting things. That is to use only what we14. Do not touch what we do not need.15 this way we can stop being wasteful.

完形填空

    Every year some people are killed or injured in road accidents.There are rules to 1the roads safe, but 2people do not always obey(遵守)the rules.They are 3.If everybody obeys the rules,the roads will be 4.How can we make the roads safe?Remember this rule:traffic must keep to the right.Cars,buses and bikes must 5keep to the right side of the road.Before 6the road,stop and look 7.

    Then,if you are sure that 8is clear,it is safe to cross the road.If you see small children, very old people,or blind people waiting to cross the road,it is 9to help them cross the road safely.

    We must teach children to cross the road safely.We must tell them 10on the street.We must always give them a good example.

阅读下列短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、c、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

    The universe is really mystical(神秘的). Scientists have done lots of study about it but there is still much they haven't discovered.

    Scientists think that there 1 life on the earth for many many years. However, we haven't found life on any other planets 2

    There are eight planets going around the sun. The earth is one of them. There are humans, animals, plants and many other kinds of life on the earth. There is water and air, too. And compared to the other planets, the earth is not too 3 or too cold. None of seven other planets has av. environment like that of the earth.

    The sun and its planets are called the solar system, and our solar system is a small part of a 4 larger group of stars and planets, called the Galaxy or the Milky Way. There are 5 stars in the Galaxy, and our sun is only one of them.

    Scientists have also discovered many other galaxies in the universe. Their light has to travel for many years to reach us. So 6 is the universe? It is impossible to imagine.

    Scientists have sent spaceship to the planet Mars 7photos. They have even sent spaceships to travel outside 8 . However, no spaceship has traveled 9 to reach other stars in our Galaxy.

    When we see stars twinkling(闪耀) in the sky at night, we may think a lot:10 so many stars in the universe, is there life out there in space? If there is life on other planets, what life will be like there? What transports do they use to travel? Why don't they visit us? We do not know the answers…

完形填空

    Many of us enjoy watching animals in the world. But do you know they can teach us?

    Geese(大雁), for example, teach a very good lesson about1  In the fall, Canada geese fly to the warm south to 2 Canada's cold winter. They lift off in no order. Yet3 they form a V shape, with one bird leading the group.

    This V shape allows geese to 4 energy(能量). When the front bird moves its wings up and down, the resulting force of the air lifts the next one. This continues down the line. The bird 5has the hardest job. When it gets 6 , it moves behind, and another bird moves into the lead. By sharing the role, the group can travel great distances (距离). Geese flying in a V shape can fly 70 percent farther without 7 than birds flying alone. During the long flying travel, geese communicate with one another. They honk(鸣叫)to 8 the birds up front to keep up the speed I (速度). They also ,cheer each other up 9working toward a common goal (目标).

    What have we learned from the lovely geese's experience and skills?10 together! Whether it is our personal lives or our jobs, we need other people. We need the spirit of teamwork!

完形填空

    A famous designer(设计师) and a university student produce a new cup called Vessyl. They have spent several years1it. The smart cup can not only tell Coca Cola from Pepsi Cola,2also tell people whether they should drink water or not.

    When people3liquid(液体) into this smart cup, a few seconds(秒) later, it can check this kind of liquid and tell them what it is. Then it gives4information of the drink, such as sugar, fat and calorie. When people put the cup in their5, it can also show them the condition of their bodies. If they are6, I can tell them to drink water.

    "My partner and I want people to7healthy. In modern society, people are usually8busy to do exercise, or even drink enough water every day. They have much9. We produce this smart cup so that people can make a choice10," the designer said.

语法填空

    Let's clean up the ocean together!

    We all know it's important to have dreams.to make the dreams(come) true is not an easy thing. A young Dutch man named Boyan enjoys(work) hard to make his dreams come true.

    When Boyan was 17, he went diving(潜水) in Greece. He was shocked to see(many) plastic bags than fish in the sea. The boy made up his mind(clean) up the ocean. But everyone told him that there was nothing he could do once plastic bags went into the ocean. The teenager didn't give. He spent several months studying plastic(pollute). Finally, he came up with a science project using(float) barriers(栅栏) to collect the waste. That is to say, instead of using nets and ships to collect the plastic bags, the barriers can make the plastic bags come together with the help of natural ocean currents(洋流) and wind. What's more, the collected plastic bags can(recycle) and made into products or oil.

    Then he set up The Ocean Cleanup. The young man is working hard to clean up the ocean to make our worldbetter place.

    Would you like to join them?

Choose the best answer and complete the passage.

    A grown-up person has ten or eleven pints(品脱) of blood inside his or her body. We can lose a pint of blood without feeling anything, but if we lose too much blood, we feel weak and cold. Our faces become pale(苍白). We may die. This is what often1when somebody is hurt in an accident or a soldier is hurt in a battle. Many people used to die in this way. But nowadays they can be taken to the hospital. If they are given more blood at once, they will feel better. Their faces are no longer pale. They do not die.

    Where does this blood come from? People who are2give some blood so that it can be used in this way. Every three months they go to a place where blood is collected. A special kind of needle is put into the arm. It does not hurt. The blood runs3the needle and a rubber tube into a bottle. A pint of blood is taken in this way. Then the person who has given the blood drinks a cup of tea or coffee. He sits down for a few minutes. Then he feels quite well and goes off. Three months4he comes back and gives another pint.

    A person who gives blood5feels happy. He knows that his blood will be used to save someone's life. Perhaps one day he himself will need blood.

    When you grow older, you may decide to give blood in this way. But you cannot do this6you are eighteen.

请阅读下面短文，理解其大意，然后从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项。

    People know the danger of fires. It's good for a family to learn how to deal with (应对) a fire. Here are some suggestions.

    Make plans. They should know all the ways of1out of the house. If there is a fire, everyone follows the plan to get out. Part of the plan is to check all the windows to make sure that people can2them easily.

    Prepare fire extinguishers (灭火器) in the house. Everyone in the family3know how to use them.

    Do some4for a fire. They do fire practice because it teaches children how to keep safe in a fire. Everyone in the family should know the following rules:

    Don't open a hot door! The fire can grow more quickly5you open the door.

    Stay close to the6! Smoke can be more dangerous than fire. It can make people cough and feel7. The best air is near the floor because smoke goes up.

    What will you do if your hair or clothes start to burn? First, stop! Don't run! Fall to the floor. Then roll! Turning over and over will make the fire go out. Put a wet quilt on you to keep air away 8 the fire that may still be on you. Don't give up, anyway.

    There are many possible causes for fires. A wise family is ready all the time. If there is a fire, don't forget to call 119 for help.

完形填空

Good morning, ladies and gentlemen,

    Today, I am very happy to have a meeting with you. At the meeting we will talk about the1we have these days. We all know the problems of2and the objects falling from windows are getting worse. We have3lots of letters about such problems. So it is time for us to look for possible ways to work out these problems.

    Some dog—owners don't4their dogs well enough, and they let their dogs make mess on roads and in gardens. This makes the environment dirty. I would like to tell the dog—owners5theirs behavior is too bad, and at the same time they are6people feel unhappy. We should keep the environment7.

    It is reported that some people throw rubbish out of the windows. It is dangerous because falling objects8hurt others. It is against the law. We will record the names and addresses of those people who throw objects. Then, a warning will be given and they will be punished by law.

    A safe and comfortable living environment is important to us. 9we try our best to care for our community, it will be a good place to10in Thank you for your coming.

阅读下面两篇短文，根据短文内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出可以填入空白处的正确答案。

    Now people can pay by scanning (扫描) their faces while shopping. Is it 1 to pay by scanning other parts of our bodies? Amazon has a new technology that scans 2.

    The technology can tell if the person is the right one by scanning his or her hand. The scanner examines things such as finger prints. It then sends a picture to a certain center which can decide who the person is.

    In September 2019, Amazon made a payment system for a US supermarket. People can pay3 by scanning their hands under a machine. Their hand scan is connected to their bank cards, so they can pay successfully. It's quite convenient, especially for 4 people. With this new technology, people 5take their cards with them. They just scan their hands.

完形填空

    I find it really hard to write about my favourite invention, because there are so many things in my life that I could choose.1, I have chosen to write about a pen.

    Yes, I know that for most people a pen is boring, but. For2, it is a symbol of possibility (可能性). There are so many things you can do with a pen. You3write a novel or a song. Record information or draw a masterpiece (杰作).

    For me, a4is the beginning of something amazing. Every day, I write a new page with my pen, and I am5paving (铺设) a path for my future. I could get into Stanford University for medicine,6the Juilliard School for music. Maybe I will be a(n)7and change the world with my discoveries (发现). Maybe I'll8a musician and touch people's hearts with my music. Or perhaps I will be a writer and move people through words ... or a9and help children grow into the people they will become.

    There are so many possibilities as to what I will do with my life, but I10that with my pen in my hand, I will write a good future for myself. Tell me what future you will write for yourself!