科普环保类 知识点题库

    Some people have very good memories and can easily learn quite long poem（诗歌）by heart. Some people have1memories and can only2things that they have said again and again.
    The3English writer Charles Dickens said that he could walk down 4 street in London and then tell you the name of every shop on5sides of the street. Great men in the world have wonderful memories.
    A good memory is a great help in learning a language. Everybody learns 6language by remembering what he hears7he is a small child. Some children live with their parents in foreign countries and they seem8two languages as9as one. In school it is not so easy to learn foreign languages10students have little time11 it and they are busy with other subjects as well.
    A man's mind is quite like a camera but it12photos of what we see and it can also take photos of what we feel, hear, smell and taste. When we take a real photo13a camera there is much work14before the photo is finished and ready to show to our friends.15 the same way there is much work to do before we can keep a picture forever in our mind.

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　The  1  is getting colder, and soon winter  2  shorter. We live in warm houses and we  3  thick coats when we go outside. But 4  do animals stay warm in winter?

Adapt(适应)

    Some animals keep  5  in winter, so they must adapt to the changing weather.  6  warm, they may grow new, thicker fur in  7 autumn.

Migrate(迁徙)

    Some of the animals migrate. That means they travel to other places  8  the weather is warm or they can find food.

Hibernate(冬眠)

    Some animals hibernate for part or  9  of the winter. These animals usually find a cave or a hole under the ground to spend their winter. The body temperature of the animals drops, their heart beats more slowly and they breathe  10  .

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    You can certainly see sunrise and sunset from the moon surface,  1  you can't see them as  2  as you do from the earth.

Here on  3  earth, our planet's rotation(自转) carries us  4 daylight to darkness. That's true on the moon as well. But the moon's spin(旋转) is  5  slower than the earth's. An earth day lasts twenty-four  6  . A lunar day lasts about one earth month. That means  7 about two weeks between each sunrise and sunset on the moon.

    On the earth, when you watch sunset, you can see colored light for a while after the sun disappears. But if you watch sunset on the moon, you'll find it's  8  as midnight as soon as the sun  9 , because the moon doesn't have an atmosphere(大气层). And  10  , sunrise on the moon will come just as suddenly.

通读下面短文, 掌握其大意然后在1—10题所给的A、B、C、D三个选项中, 选出一个最佳选项。

    The world 1 many interesting sounds. Some are unpleasant to our ears while 2 are very pleasant to hear. In single day you probably hear 3 sounds. All sounds are different. Some 4 loud, some sounds are high, others are low, some sounds are useful.

    5 sound we can't talk or listen to each other. The ringing of the alarm clock wakes people up. The hooting（鸣笛声）of a car warns people of danger.

    Some sounds are harmful. When planes fly low 6 the land; the very loud sounds can damage the house. Very loud sound can even make people deaf.

    We know sound travels about one kilometer in three 7. In a thunder（雷）storm you see the lighting first and then hear the thunder. This is because light travels 8 than sound.

    Next time you see lighting count the number of seconds before you hear the thunder.

    Divide（分成）this number 9 3. This will tell you 10 kilometers away the thunder storm is.

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

    Robots seem very new to most people. But they have a 1 history. A Greek scientist made the first robot. You may 2 robots in some movies. The robots in the movies are usually stronger, faster and 3 than people. In real life, most robots are used in factories. They can do lots of dangerous, difficult or4 jobs. Some people can't look 5 themselves and robots can help them. For example, some people can't see, and they use a guide dog to help themselves move. But now scientists are making a 6 to help them.

    Robots are also used in American hospitals. At one hospital, a robot 7 meals from the kitchen to the sick people's rooms. It never loses its 8 because it has a map of the hospital in its computer system(系统). 9 the future, robots will even work in space. But robots will 10 take the place of(代替)people but only work for people. They can, however, help us in a lot of different ways.

通读全文,根据短文内容的理解,选择最佳答案填空。   

    Elephants are the largest living animals on land. More than 500 1 kinds of elephants were found on the earth over the last 55 million years. Only 2 kinds are still alive today: the African elephant and the Asian (or Indian) elephant. These elephants can only be found in 3 places. However, the older kinds lived in cold places a long time4. An example is the mammoth (猛犸象) — the largest hairy elephant.

    The mammoth was the largest living elephant, which was about seven tons. 5 the elephants today, mammoths had black or dark brown hairs 6their bodies. All the mammoths had tusks (长牙).

    Scientists found most of the extinct (灭绝的) animals by 7 the fossils, 8 their bones and teeth that could be found. However, mammoths are quite different. During the Ice Age, mammoths died and were covered 9 in the ice. The ice kept them very well. So scientists could find the 10 body of the mammoth.

先通读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择可以填入空白处的最佳答案。

    People think earthquakes are terrible. That's 1 to understand. No one knows when an earthquake will happen. But we can do something to 2 for it. So when it happens, we can 3 ourselves.

    What governments should do

    Governments 4 to teach people about what earthquakes are and where  earthquakes easily happen in the country, 5people will know about earthquakes and what to do when they happen.

    Governments should also make sure that some places 6 fire stations, police stations, hospitals and schools are working well when emergencies (突发情况) happen.

    What people should do

    During an earthquake, try to 7 away from things like buildings, trees, windows and so on. 8 yourself under a piece of strong furniture.

    Move into the open places when an earthquake happens. Go out of the building if 9 because the building may fall down.

    There are usually aftershock (余震) hours, days and even months after a main10. Try to protect yourself and pay attention to them.

    In a word, don't be afraid of earthquakes.

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    Some students from Thailand write an article on the website(网页). They ask us to save the elephants in Thailand. They tell us that the elephant is one of Thailand's symbols. Their first flag had a white elephant on it. This is a symbol of good 1.

    Elephants are 2 animals. They can play soccer or music. They can also draw very 3. People say that “ An elephant never forgets.” Elephants can walk for a long time and 4 get lost. They can also remember places 5 food and water. This helps 6 to live.

    But elephants are in great danger. Elephants are losing their homes 7 people cut down many trees. People also kill elephants for their ivory. Today there 8 only about 3,000 elephants (over 100,000 before). We must save the trees and not buy things made of ivory. Don't forget that Thai Elephant Day is 9 March 13^th . Let's work together and 10 the elephants!

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    Natural resources are things that we use that come from the earth. Our natural resources are limited(有限的). This means that they will not1forever. Some are renewable, like when you plant a new tree when you cut one down. Others are not renewable, like when you dig coal(煤) out of the 2Once it is used, it is gone.

    People realize the 3 that the earth's natural resources are limited, and can do things to help conserve(节约) those resources.4you try to conserve a natural resource, you try to use less of it, so it does not get used up so5One way that people conserve fuel, like gasoline, is by riding a bicycle or walking when the6is short instead of driving everywhere.

    Water is a very important natural resource because we all need it to stay 7We can conserve water8making sure that our pipes and taps do not leak(泄露). We can also make wise choices to conserve water, like only using the dishwasher or washing machine when they are full. Everyone can make contributions to protecting natural resources.

阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。

    The undersea world is very beautiful. Now more and more people want to 1 in the water to find the secret there. Scuba diving (水肺潜水) is a new sport today. It can take you into a wonderful undersea world.

    If you are lucky, you will 2 find many strange animals in the sea. Some are as 3 as a school bus. Some are so tiny that you may not  4 them at all.

    During the day, there is enough 5. Everything is blue and green. When fish swim nearby, you can catch them with your hands. When you have bottles of air on your back, you can stay in 6 water for a long time. However, you can't dive too deep. And you must be very 7 when you are in deep water, because something dangerous may happen unexpectedly.

    The deep sea is not an easy place to live in. It's cold, and it's 8 too. The deeper it is, the less sunlight there is. At about 3,000 feet, there is no light at all.

    Besides the cold and darkness, deep-sea animals face a third 9 —other animals. Animals eat! Many animals eat plants. However, some animals eat 10. This means these sea animals have two big jobs. They need to find animals as food, and they have to try not to become other animals' meal.

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    Nowadays, WeChat is becoming more and more popular in China. No matter where we are, we can sign up and send text or voice messages to our friends. We can also find a stranger to talk to by shaking the 1^. Another funny function is that WeChat can help to search for people  2 live nearby with the programme on. Many people like this function, 3 it can help them to find more people who they may know.

    In my opinion, WeChat is really4 useful chatting tool. It can help people 5 with their friends more easily.6 , it is also bad for people, especially for students .As you see, some people use WeChat 7 too long. It is not healthy to them .So I have some 8 on how to use it in a correct way. First, we should not use it when we are studying. We can't focus on our study if we use it. Second, we must be careful. We should neither show too much personal information9 trust strangers so much.

    We should learn how to use it properly. Remember, WeChat is not everything in your life.10depend too much on it.

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    Dogs have feelings just like you and me. They cry when they're 1 , and they smile when they're happy. It's true! Dogs have lots of 2 of telling their feelings without using words. You just need to 3 their body language. For example, what does it 4when your dog wags his tail? He's telling you that he's happy, or that he is 5 . something and he wants it. Sometimes you may see your dog tuck (将……缩拢并塞进…..)his tail between his 6 It means that he's probably afraid, or not feeling 7. Also, it isn't hot outside, but does your dog look like he's panting(喘气)? Don't worry—he's fine! It may be

8 , but that's how dogs smile when they relax. Here is a(n) 9 You can try it at home. Ask your 10 , "Do you want to go for a walk?" Watch his body language closely, and you'll probably see him answer, "Yes!"

阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项.

    The world of the out-of-doors is full of secrets (秘密). And they are    1interesting that quite a lot of people are busy 2them.

    All around us are birds, animals, trees and flowers. The facts about how they3 and grow are as interesting as anything could be.

    Do you know that one of the great presidents of the USA 4 hours and hours5birds? A businessman who lived near New York became so 6in insects(昆虫) that he began to get 7 together. He now has more than one thousand different kinds of insects carefully 8in glass boxes.

    Come up with me, and I will help you find some nature's secrets. Let us go9 through the woods and fields. Here we shall find how a rabbit tells the others there is danger. We shall 10 a mother bear and her young ones as they look for11and get ready for winter sleep. We shall watch bees(蜜蜂)dancing in the air to let other bees know 12 they can find food.

    I will 13 you many other interesting things, but the best thing that I can14 you is to keep eyes and ears15 when you go out of doors. Nature tells her secrets only to people who look and listen carefully.

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    Can you imagine astronauts' everyday life in space? They also need to eat, 1, exercise and relax. They do the same things as us, but they do 2differently.

    On Earth, we put food on a plate and water in a glass. Gravity（重力）holds the food down and keep the water in the glass.3 there is almost no gravity in space, so food can float（漂浮） away，and astronauts must eat and drink 4.

    Sleeping is very different in space. Some astronauts like to float in the air, but most like to be in a 5bag. They tie（捆绑） the bag to a wall 6they won't float away at night.

    Exercise is very important in space. On Earth, your legs 7 your body, but in space, astronauts float. So they do not use their legs often. This is very 8their legs, they must exercise for thirty minutes every day.

    After a day's work, astronauts relax. They may listen to music, read, watch films, play games, or talk to their friends and families 9 the radio. Sometimes they just enjoy 10in the air.

阅读下面短文，从短文后各小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

     Nowadays, many people drive their cars to work. There are a lot of cars in the street and the 1is very busy. So sometimes 2is not easy for people to get to work on time. When you are going to be late, you only dream of taking a plane there. Can your dream3?

Yes! You can take a plane only in months!

     Four engineers in Germany are4in making planes. They are making a newplane—Lilium jet. It doesn't look like a plane 5an egg. Many people think it looks funny and interesting. The great "egg" can take two people to the sky and 6three hundred kilometres in one hour. That's really great.

     Some people call Lilium jet "a flying car". Why?  Firstly, it's not difficult for people to learn to drive it. People can drive it just like driving a car. But it can go 7and farther than a car. Secondly, Lilium jet is not very big, only a quarter of a plane. So it doesn't need an airport. Only a small place is OK. It can stop8. In the future, the "flying car" will come into people's life and 9our ways of trip.

     Lilium jet will come on the market soon. 10you want to make your trip easy and funny, why not buy one?  I'm sure you will have a good time on it.

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    Many people like to see animals in the zoo. But do you know most of the animals in the zoo are very 1? Animals usually live in the forests or mountains. They like to live 2. But the life in the zoo is quite 3 from that in the forests and mountains. They have to stay in cages all day and wait for the zoo 4 to feed them. They can't come out of the cages. So they have to walk round and round.

    The wildlife park can solve all these 5 for them. All the animals live in the open air everywhere in the 6. They 7 stay in cages. They can run, jump and play with other animals happily. The most important thing is that they are free and happy, and they are protected there. People are not allowed to hunt in the wildlife park.

    Some of the animals in wildlife parks are friendly, but some are fearful, such as lions, wolves and tigers. But it's not dangerous 8 the animals in wildlife parks. You can take a bus to see the animals. It will be very 9 if a tiger or a bear looks at you through the window. But don't worry. 10 will happen. You are quite safe inside the bus.

请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

    My name is Miranda Gibson. I have been at the top of a tree for five months now. Some people might wonder 1 on earth I would choose to do that.

    I have walked 2 this forest many times. On 12 December 2016, machinery (大型机械) rolled into the forest and the destruction (摧毁) began. I couldn't bear (忍受) the thought that these forests would be 3 forever. So, on 14 December 2016, I put my clothes into a bag, 4 my job plans, and climbed 60 meters to the top of this tree. I have been there ever since.

    Life in the tree tops can be challenging. I have times when I feel frustrated (沮丧的) and I wish I could 5 to have a holiday for a few days! There are times too, when I feel terribly 6. I miss my friends and family.

    Living on the tree has been exciting and encouraging. I am willing to 7 up here for a long time, 8 I honestly hope it won't be too 9 before I can put my feet on the ground below and stand in a forest that will never 10.

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    Today, it is a big problem for young graduates to get satisfying jobs. 1 that there are thousands of different kinds of jobs in the world. But choosing the right one itself is not easy.

    "Finding a job" is not 2 as "choosing a job". Many young people end up in a job because they are not 3 for it. Sometimes "chance" may 4 a more important part than "decision".

    Here are a few steps to help you think about jobs 5 you might enjoy doing after school or university. First, it is important 6 what kind of person you are, which special qualities(品质) 7 you outstanding(出众的) among people and what you are interested in. There is a difference 8 an interest and a skill. If you like 9 and enjoy looking at pictures, that is an interest. But if you can 10 a horse that looks like a horse not a big dog, that is a 11.

    Then ask yourself a question, "In the following three areas -- skills with people, skills with information and skills with things, which are your 12 skills?"

    After 13 your skills, the next step is research. To 14 as many different kinds of jobs as possible, go to the library and read books, magazines and newspapers for information. Ask your friends 15 the work they do.

    Finally, trust your own ideas and your own thinking! It is your own life, just find the job you really enjoy doing.

阅读理解

    Giant pandas have been living on Earth for millions of years. Other animals that lived long ago, such as stegodons and smilodons, have since died out. But we still have pandas with us today.

    Pandas can change their diets to fit into different environments, according to Wei Fuwen from the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

    Researchers studied the bones of 12 giant panda fossils (化石). They found that pandas went from being meat eaters to becoming plant eaters over time. They mainly ate bamboo, as they still do today. Other large meat eaters had no interest in bamboo, so pandas could live safely in bamboo forests. That is one of the reasons they have been around for so long.

    In addition, pandas are very strong and have great bite force (咬合力). They can also climb trees. Both of these abilities helped them stay alive in the past.

    However, pandas are facing some problems. There are fewer pandas in the world today. They are dying out mainly because of habitat loss. People have cut down forests to build houses and farms. This has caused pandas to lose both their food and their homes.

    Pandas also have problems giving birth to babies. Female pandas can only get pregnant(怀孕) once a year and they are very choosy about their mates. And because they mainly eat bamboo, their milk is low in nutrients(营养). This makes it harder for their babies to survive.

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    Yoga is a kind of sport. It is very 1 around the world now. Everyone can do yoga. It's good 2 both men and women.

    3 do more and more people like yoga? It's 4 to say. The short answer is that yoga helps you to 5 in good health. For many people, this answer is enough, 6 there are more if you are interested.

    Yoga 7 in India about 5,000 years ago. At that time, people wanted to be 8 and live a long life, so this kind of exercise was born. Yoga is a Sanskrit (梵语) word and it 9 "to join together". There are 10 parts in yoga: exercise, breathing and meditation(冥想).Yoga can give you peace. And it can also make you feel relaxed and help you keep fit.