《海国图志》远远不止是一部地理著作，如同达尔文的《物种起源》远非一部生物学著作一样。它引领近代中国人开眼看世界，显示着一种兼容并包的文化眼光和气度。梁启超说：“治域外地理者,（魏）源实为先驱。”这一评价主要是因为

A．《海国图志》开启了近代中国向西方学习的先河

B．魏源被人们看成是“近代开眼看世界的第一人”

C．魏源是第一个系统地将西方文化介绍到中国的人

D．“师夷长技以制夷”的主张冲破了传统的夷狄观

When I was sixteen years old, I made my first visit to the United States. It wasn’t the first time I had been abroad. Like most English children I learned French at school. And I had often been to France, so I was used to speaking a foreign language to people who didn’t understand English. But when I went to America I was really looking forward to having a nice easy holiday without any language barriers.（障碍）

How wrong I was! The misunderstandings(误解) began at the airport. I was looking for a public telephone to give my American friend Penny a call and tell her that I had arrived. A friendly old man saw me looking lost and asked if he could help me.

“Yes,” I said, “I want to give my friend a ring.”

“Well, that’s nice,” he said. “Are you getting married? But aren’t you a bit（点） young?”

“Who is talking about marriage?” I replied. “I only want to give my friend a ring to tell her I’ve arrived. Can you tell me where there’s a phone box?”

“Oh!” he said, “There’s a phone downstairs.”

When at last we met, Penny explained the misunderstandings to me.

“Don’t worry,” she said to me. “I had so many difficulties at first. There are lots of words which the Americans use differently in meaning from British. You’ll soon get used to all the funny things they say. Most of the time British and American people understand each other!”

24．At first the writer thought _____ in America.

A. he wouldn’t have any language difficulties

B. he would not understand the Americans

C. the Americans might not understand him

D. it wouldn’t be an easy and relaxing holiday

25．From the passage we can see that “give somebody a ring”_____.

A. means the same in America as in England

B. means “call somebody” to the American people.

C. has two different meanings

D. means “be going to get married” in England

26．In the last paragraph, the underlined “they” refers to（指的是） _____.

A. the old man and the boy   B. the Americans

C. the British               D. the French

27．Penny will agree with the idea that _____.

A. Americans use words entirely（完全地） differently from British

B. Americans speak in a funny way

C. It will be hard for the author（作者） to get used to American English

D. Americans and British can understand each other in most cases（情况）

在25℃、101kPa时；C（s）、H₂（g）、CH₃COOH（l）的燃烧热分别为393.5kJ·mol^－1、285.8kJ·mol^－1、870.3kJ·mol^－1，则2C（s）＋2H₂（g）＋O₂（g）＝CH₃COOH（l）的反应热为

A．－488.3kJ·mol^－1

B．＋488.3kJ·mol^－1

C．－191kJ·mol^－1

D．＋191kJ·mol^－1

After my brother died in an accident,my mother was very sad.I was only 4 years old at the time,but I still understood the_41_in my mom's attitude toward safety._42_,everything around us was potentially_43_.

I grew up with a lot of_44_and rules that were meant to_45_me.For example,I was not_46_to walk home from school by myself,even though everyone I knew already did.I couldn't_47_evening parties or go to summer camp, _48_what if something happened to me?

As I got older,the list of things to_49_got longer.I became natural_50_I was concerned about things like getting cancer,losing my wallet,and being caught in car accidents and earthquakes—_51_big and small,real and_52_.The funny part is that you'd never know it by looking at my life,because I'm constantly_53_myself to do the things that frighten or worry me.In fact,I've developed a_54_for myself: If it scares me,then I have to do it_55_once.I've done lots of things that would have_56_my mom: I've ridden motorcycle,I've traveled alone,and I've performed stand-up comedy.

Courage isn't a natural attribute（品质）of human beings.I believe that we have to practice being courageous.The more_57_I do things that scare me or that make me_58_,the more I realize that I can do a lot more than I originally thought I could do.

Even though I inherited（经遗传获得）my mother's cautious_59_,I’ve also come to believe that fear can be a good thing,if we_60_it.Believing that has made my world a less scary place.

41.A.sign            B.change            C.scene              D.lesson

42.A.Slowly        B.Logically         C.Fortunately       D.Suddenly

43.A.important     B.inspiring          C.convenient       D.dangerous

44.A.restrictions  B.considerations    C.judgments       D.comparisons

45.A.limit           B.help                C.protect            D.train

46.A.allowed        B.encouraged       C.reminded          D.advised

47.A.arrange       B.attend              C.decorate          D.support

48.A.hut             B.though            C.or                   D.because

49.A.hope           B.fear                 C.count              D.hear

50.A.worrier       B.dreamer           C.adult               D.thinker

51.A.ideas          B.affairs             C.actions            D.disasters

52.A.special        B.common          C.imaginary        D.practical

53.A.expecting     B.warning           C.forcing            D.promising

54.A.rule            B.form               C.case                D.hobby

55.A.in all           B.at most            C.after all                  D.at least

56.A.threatened    B.shocked            C.confused          D.entertained

57.A.rarely         B.quickly            C.often               D.fairly

58.A.confident    B.uncomfortable  C.happy             D.generous

59.A.nature         B.duty                C.work              D.task

60.A.know         B.get                  C.avoid                D.face

历经一个多世纪，经过许多科学家的实验，才逐渐发现光合作用的场所、条件、原料和产物，在下面几个著名实验中，相关叙述不正确的是（　　）

A．普里斯特利的实验证明了植物可以更新空气

B．萨克斯的实验也可证明光是光合作用的必要条件

C．恩格尔曼的实验定量分析了水绵光合作用生成的氧气量

D．鲁宾和卡门的实验中，用18O分别标记H2O和CO2，证明了光合作用产生的氧气来自于H2O而不是CO2

在消费某一物品时，随着消费数量的增加，人们从每一增加的消赞中得到的满足感却逐步递减。建一心理现象可能会能会导致企业

①发展优势产品，扩大生产规模

②宴施似新驱动，生产适销对路产品

③优化产品结构，丰富产品品种

④尊重消赞者权益，提高产品质量

A．①②    B．②③

C．③④    D．①④

 The threat of air pollution is real and we shouldn’t _________ responsibility to fight it.

   A. hand over                B. shrink from         C. pull over        D. arise from

Imagine that you’re looking at your company-issued smartphone and you notice an e-mail from Linkedln: “These companies are looking for candidates like you!” You aren’t necessarily searching for a job, but you’re always open to opportunities, so out of curiosity, you click on the link. A few minutes later your boss appears at your desk. “We’ve noticed that you’re spending more time on Linkedln lately, so I wanted to talk with you about your career and whether you’re happy here,” she says. Uh-oh.

It’s an awkward scene. Attrition (损耗）has always been expensive for companies, but in many industries the cost of losing good workers is rising, owing to tight labor markets. Thus companies are intensifying(增强）their efforts to predict which workers are at high risk of leaving so that managers can try to stop them. Tactics (策略）range from electronic monitor to sophisticated(复杂的）analyses of employees’ social media lives.

Some of this work may be a reason to let employees to quit. In general, people leave their jobs because they don’t like their boss, don’t see opportunities for promotion or growth, or are offered a higher pay; these reasons have held steady for years.

New research conducted by CEB, a Washington-based technology company, looks not just at why workers quit but also at when. “We’ve learned that what really affects people is their sense of how they’re doing compared with other people in their peer group, or with where they thought they would be at a certain point in life, says Brian Kropp, who heads CEB’s HR practice. “We’ve learned to focus on moments that allow people to make these comparisons.”

Technology also provides clues about which star employees might be eyeing the exit. Companies can tell whether employees using work computers or phones are spending time on (or even just opening e-mails from) career websites, and research shows that more firms are paying attention to these things. Large companies have also begun tracking badge swipes(浏览痕迹)---- employees’ use of an ID to enter and exit the building or the parking garage---to identify patterns that suggest a worker may be interviewing for a job.

32. From the first paragraph, we can infer Linkedln is___________.

A. an e-mail                     B. a job from the Internet

C. a professional social network      D. a world-famous company

33. What’s the main idea of the second paragraph?

A. The cost of losing good workers is rising.

B. Companies are stricter with workers than before.

C. Measures have been taken to find the potential workers who want to quit.

D. Finding new jobs has been a trend for most workers.

34. According to the research by CEB, which of the following might be the most probable reason for workers to quit their jobs?

A. They don’t like their bosses.             B. Workers are always doing comparisons.

C. Not seeing opportunities for promotion.    D. To find a higher-paid job.

35. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?

A. To make a review on a phenomenon.     B. To tell us the leader’s concerns.

C. To show a new trend in the job market.   D. To stress the role of new technologies.  

“人认为，神也是生出来的，会说话，有形体，穿戴和人相同。如果牛、马或狮子也跟人一样，有手，能用手画画，能从事艺术活动，那么，牛会把神的模样画得像牛，马会把神的模样画的像马，每种动物都会把神的身体描绘得跟自己一样。埃塞俄比亚人说，他们的神是黑皮肤、扁鼻子；色雷斯人说，他们的神是蓝眼睛、红头发。”这反映了

A.蒙昧主义思想                           B.人文主义思想     

C.理性主义思想                           D.民族主义思想

阅读聪明漫画《考察回来》的做法没有（   ）

A.按照求真务实的工作态度去探索事物的本质

B.充分发挥人的主观能动性

C.体现出意识活动具有目的性、自觉选择性

D.认识到间接经验是获得认识的重要途径

  66. “_______(失败) is the mother of success” , as an old saying goes，

67. Just now, I said a certain student, not ___ (指) to you, was cheating in the test.

68. The weather of Xi’an in ______(十月) is a little cold, especially at night.

69. The girl has_______(克服) the bad habit of being late for school.

70. Having waited for such a long time, the lady got a bit _____ (不耐烦的).

71. The People’s Republic of China was _______ (成立) on October 1, 1949.

72. Cabbage, carrots and _____ (西红柿) are my favorite vegetables.

73. Faced with the pressure of the coming college entrance examination, many students feel ______(精神上) tired.

74. Parents should ______(尊重) children’s choices in their future life.

75. Every passenger shall take two pieces of______ (行李) on board. 

66._______  67.________  68.__________  69.__________  70._________

71.________ 72.________   73._________  74. _________   75.__________

下列关于动物激素的叙述，错误的是

A.甲状腺激素过高会抑制下丘脑分泌相关激素

B.切除动物垂体后，血液中生长激素的浓度下降

C.通过对转录的调节可影响蛋白质类激素的合成量

D.内分泌腺分泌的激素，通过体液可定向运输到作用部位

下图为某地一年中气温日变化的分布图．读图回答

如果有同学认为该地气候类型是热带草原气候，他可以从图中找到哪些判断依据

①终年高温    ②最高温在4、5月，而不是7月    ③分干湿两季  ④温差较小

A.①②③          B.①③④         C．①③④         D.①②④

NaCl是一种化工原料，可以制备一系列物质（如下图所示）。下列说法正确的是(   )

A．用Cl₂制备漂白粉时，是将Cl₂通入到石灰水中

B．由氯化钠制备纯碱的过程中，利用了物质溶解度的差异

C．常温下干燥Cl₂能用钢瓶贮运，所以Cl₂不与铁反应

D．图中所示转化反应都是氧化还原反应

某同学用如图甲所示的装置验证机械能守恒定律，他将两物块A和B用轻质细绳连接跨过轻质定滑轮，B下端连接纸带，纸带穿过固定的打点计时器。

（1）按图甲所示安装实验装置时，使A的质量大于B的质量。

（2）图乙是实验中得到的一条纸带。O为释放纸带瞬间打点计时器打下的点，A、B、C为纸带上连续取出的三个计时点，测得OA间、AB间及BC间的距离如图所示，已知打点计时器计时周期为T=0．02s，用天平测出A、B两物体的质量m_A=150g，m_B=50g，根据以上数据计算，可得从O到B的过程中，物块A、B组成的系统重力势能减少量为       J，动能增加量为        J，由此可得出的结论是                                          

（取g=9．8m/s²，计算结果保留2位有效数字）

在中，角，，的对边分别是，，，若，，则面积是          ．

阅读下面的文字，完成后面各题。

网络已成为社情民意的重要表达渠道，但网络舆论的非理性倾向也日益突出。随着新媒体的不断涌现，网络已成为群众反映心声和表达利益诉求的重要渠道。然而，由于制度的缺失和监管的不利，近年来网络舆论的非理性化倾向也日益凸显出来。一是网络信息并不是天使，特别在当下转型期，利用网络信息进行诽谤、诈骗、敲诈等犯罪行为多发。因此，确实有必要进行相应的法律规制。二是一些网民不能正确理解社会变革带来的一些社会问题或自身处境，就往往借助“突发性事件”发泄不满情绪，不负责任地评论、轻信、猜疑、谩骂等，这些都在抬头蔓延。如果这些所谓“新意见阶级”渗入太多的非理性情绪，这对中国的民主法治进程来说，并不是太好的信号。

网络已成民主参政议政的新形式，但网络“群体性事件”、“突发性事件”时有发生。根据中国互联网络信息中心于2014年7月21日发布的第34次《中国互联网络发展状况统计报告》，截至2014年6月，中国网民规模达6．32亿人，其中，手机网民规模5．27亿人，互联网普及率达到46．9%。网民上网设备中，手机使用率达83．4%，首次超越传统 PC 整体80．9%的使用率，手机作为第一大上网终端的地位更加巩固。因此，微博、论坛、网评等网络交流日益活跃，网络已成为人大、政协、听证等之外的民主参政议政新形式，是人民群众更广泛、更便捷、更灵活地关心国家大事、建言献策的新途径。然而，近年来网络舆论中的无政府主义、情绪性民主、跟风炒作倾向也开始浮现。2009年，77件影响力较大的社会热点事件，有约1/3是受网络舆论推动才兴起和传播的。很多网民已结成各种虚拟的“群体”，通过贴吧交流传播和联动，面对贫富冲突、劳资矛盾、城市拆迁、农村土地流转、环境污染、医疗教育、司法不公等问题，形成巨大的舆论场。无疑，一些党政部门的决策失误和执政不当问题，是需要认真接受舆论批评和监督的。但是，网络舆论中也掺杂着一些过激的无政府主义情绪、网络“集结串联”“意见领袖”等的操控，从而很容易诱发网络上的“群体性事件”和“突发性事件”，并进而促发现实中的“群体性事件”和“突发性事件”，这不仅会增加官民之间对热点问题的“敏感”与紧张，也会对公民理性地参政议政产生不利影响。

网络已成新兴的多元文化传播阵地，但也存在着消解主流价值观的倾向。随着互联网的普及，传统媒体越来越与网络媒体相互联动和兼容，互联网就成为人们了解政治、经济、文化、社会信息的重要渠道，因此，它也就成为文化创造与多元发展的新兴阵地。然而，互联网也具有虚拟性、匿名性、随意性、大众性、全球性等特点，特别是受一些不良思想的影响，淡化对公共政策的认知，逆反性文化消遣、消解主流价值观的现象也开始抬头。如网络泛娱乐化、人肉搜索、道德追杀、网络恶搞、污蔑诽谤、侵犯隐私、色情暴力和网络诈骗等现象增多，这就形成了一股侵蚀伦理道德和价值信念的文化舆论“潜流”，危及社会稳定和法治秩序的建立。

当前的网络带给了人类社会不可替代的重大文明与进步。然而网络舆论的局限性和由此带来的问题也日趋复杂和凸显。网络公民文化建设所蕴含的公民品格与守法精神需要对上述问题加以认识。

（节选自马长山《网络公民与守法精神》，苏州大学学报2014年12月）

6．下列关于原文的表述，不正确的一项是（    ）

A．一些网民由于不能正确理解社会变革带来的一些社会问题或自身处境的改变而借助“突发性事件”发泄不满情绪，甚至不负责任地评论、轻信、谩骂。

B．网络舆论中大量存在无政府主义、情绪性民主、跟风炒作倾向，如2009年77件影响力较大的社会热点事件，有约1/3受网络舆论推动才兴起传播。

C．网络舆论中掺杂着一些过激的无政府主义情绪、网络“集结串联”“意见领袖”等的操控，社会危害大，会对公民理性地参政议政产生负面影响。

D．传统媒体与网络媒体相互联动并兼容，互联网就成为人们了解政治、经济、文化的重要通道，它能成为文化创造与多元发展的新兴阵地。

7．下列理解和分析，不符合原文意思的一项是（    ）

A．网络舆论的非理性化倾向的表现形式之一是利用网络信息进行诽谤、诈骗、敲诈等犯罪行为。

B．中国互联网络信息中心发布的“统计报告”显示，手机使用率达83．4％，首次超越传统PC整体的使用率。

C．网络人肉搜索、道德追杀、网络恶搞等形成了一股侵蚀伦理道德和价值信念的文化舆论“潜流”。

D．网络公民文化建设所蕴含的公民品格与守法精神需要先对网络舆论存在的不良问题加以认知。

8．根据原文内容，下列说法不正确一项是（    ）

A．作者认为如果所谓“新意见阶级”渗入太多的非理性情绪，并不是太好的信号，就是说网络舆论非理性化倾向不好。

B．科技的发展，使得微博、论坛、网评等网络交流可以成为人民群众更广泛、更便捷、更灵活地关心国家大事、建言献策的新途径。

C．很多网民结成了各种虚拟的“群体”，面对贫富冲突、司法不公等问题，形成舆论场，以便及时纠正决策失误和执政不当问题。

D．因为互联网具有虚拟性、匿名性、随意性等特点，如果受到不良思想的影响，也会出现逆反性文化消费、消解主流价值观等现象。

 1995年,中共中央、国务院做出《关于加速科学技术进步的决定》，强调坚持以教育为

   本，把科技和教育摆在经济、社会发展的重要位置，提高全民族的科学文化素质。这一

   决定的核心思想是

   A．科技是第一生产力       B．加强教育，提升民族素质

   C．实施科教兴国战略       D．科技转化为生产力，增强国力   

下列关于免疫的叙述，正确的是（      ）

 A．吞噬细胞吞噬外来细菌，必须有抗体的参与。

 B．B细胞和T细胞所含基因不同，功能也不同。

 C．“先天性胸腺发育不全”的患者，细胞免疫有缺陷。

 D．B细胞与骨髓瘤细胞融合形成的杂交瘤细胞都能合成单克隆抗体。