If you want to help children develop language and speech skills, UCLA researchers say, listening to what they have to say is just as important as talking to them.
The effect of a conversation between a child and an adult is about six times as great as the effect of adult speech input(输入)alone, the researchers found. “Adults speaking to children helps language develop, but what matters much more is the interaction, ”said the study's lead author, Frederick Zimmerman, an associate professor in the School of Public Health at the University of California, Los Angeles. The researchers also found that TV viewing didn't have much of an effect—positively or negatively—as long as it wasn't displacing conversations between an adult and a child.
The UCLA study included 275 families with children between 2 months and 48 months old. They represented a variety of incomes and education. The researchers found that, in an average day, children heard about 13, 000 spoken words from adults and participated in about 400 adult-child conversations a day.
Assessed separately, factors positively associated with language development included each additional 100 conversations a day and each 1, 000 words increase in the number of words spoken by adults and heard by children. When looked at alone, TV was negatively associated with language development. But, when these three factors were analyzed together, the only one that stood out was conversation between adults and children.
“The more a child speaks and interacts with an adult, the better idea a parent has about where the child is”, Zimmerman said. “Although it's mostly done unconsciously, parents will provide feedback and correct mistakes. They'll also tailor their speech to the child. Parents can give the children words by talking to them about what they're doing, such as, ‘I'm putting on your pajamas now'. But give your child the opportunity to talk, hopefully without the rest of the noise in the environment, ”she added. “If parents can carve out some conversation time—maybe at bath time or at dinner time—that's a wonderful thing. ”
梅花引·荆溪阻雪
(宋)蒋捷
白鸥问我泊孤舟,是身留,是心留?心若留时,何事锁眉头?风拍小帘灯晕舞,对闲影,冷清清,忆旧游。
旧游旧游今在否?花外楼,柳下舟。梦也梦也,梦不到,寒水空流。漠漠黄云,湿透木棉裘。都道无人愁似我,今夜雪,有梅花,似我愁。
【注释】蒋捷:咸淳十年(1274)进士。宋亡,深怀亡国之痛,隐居不仕。
从无人机拍摄、虚拟现实(VR)和增强现实(AR)技术的应用,到不再需要眼镜的新3D技术,各种日新月异的新技术正在改变电影行业。人工智能(AI)是其中影响极大、令人印象极为深刻的技术。在整个电影生产和管理领域,人工智能所发挥的作用是全面而深刻的,电影行业的每个关键环节都因为人工智能而掀起了一股变革的浪潮。
观看一部由人工智能编写剧本、设计视听效果、制作特效、自动剪辑、制定发行策略,甚至参与表演的电影,已经不再是一种未来主义的想象,而是活生生的现实。
在特效制作方面,人工智能的自动化优势更加明显,不仅能够有效地提升对视觉效果的把握水准,使特效更加逼真,而且在后期制作中,可以通过对渲染场景的深度学习,自动生成特定的光照效果或火焰、烟雾等特效,并实时核查最终拍摄效果。
在3D内容制作方面,人工智能技术也大有可为。值得一提的是,在这一领域,中国影视企业已经走在世界前列。比如,2017年,由聚力维度研发的“峥嵘”“AI立体设计师”系统,成为当时全球唯一的人工智能3D内容自动制作平台。通过这一人工智能系统,电影制作团队在不需要大规模制作团队和双机拍摄的情况下,即可迅速完成任务,将2D内容转为3D内容。
在数字修复方面,中影集团研发的自动图像处理系统“中影·神思”对一些电影镜头的低清图像素材添加了增强效果,同样显示了人工智能技术的威力。而由爱奇艺开发的ZoomAI视频增强技术,在优化低分辨率、噪点、抖动、色彩灰暗等低质视频方面也有出色的表现。走向更精准智能的制片管理,人工智能运作的核心原料是数据。在包括电影制作在内的任何行业中,人工智能技术都可以通过挖掘和分析海量数据,来揭示模式、趋势和用户偏好,从而为产品的设计和市场推广提供精准有效的策略。就电影业的智能化管理来说,对包括导演、编剧、历史票房收入、制作成本和观众人数在内的各种数据的输入和分析,是人工智能推动电影业全流程智能化管理的前提。
除了制作和推广策略管理外,人工智能平台还在财务管理、进度管理、质量把控、在线审片等环节发挥着类似的自动化管理功能。随着人工智能的全面应用,电影的制片管理环节也将向更精准、更自动化、更智能的方向发展,电影业的运行模式将发生深刻变革。
总之,包括中国电影业在内的全球影视界都对人工智能在电影制作方面的巨大潜力充满期待,并在系统平台开发和应用方面取得了实实在在的进展。当然,无论人工智能技术如何发展,一个更加自动化和智能化的电影业的未来,不是要把人类创作者和管理者排除在行业的边界之外。恰恰相反,人工智能支撑的电影业将是一个智能软件和人更具有互补性、更紧密合作的领域。在这个领域中,富有创造力的电影人将与更有效率的智能机器一起工作,以更饱满的创造力,不断开拓全球电影业更广阔的发展空间。
(摘编自黄典林《人工智能为电影注入丰富可能》)
I will tell you all the facts .
Welcome to Shawnee Mountain, a great place for skiing! All people can have a wonderful time here. For more information, you can visit www.shawneemt.com or call 570-421-7231.
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的短文。短文中共有10处错误,每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏词符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1).每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2).只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
On January 5th, students in our school visited Robot World, which we saw a great diversity of robot. I was amazing to find those robots could do a great number of things just like real people, included playing chess, playing the piano and drawing pictures. What's more, the robots were in different kinds and shapes, which made us enjoyable. In addition, that excited me most is the show given by a group of robots. They danced just as if they were dancers on the stage. By visiting Robot World, I have learned a lot of about robots, especial about their functions and shapes. The great human wisdom is so powerful that it make us feel more comfortable live in the world.
—Yes, they took away all the there and became rich overnight.
济南与青岛是多么不相同的地方呢!一个设若比作穿肥袖马褂的老先生,那一个便应当是摩登的少女。但是,___。济南到春天多风,青岛也是这样;济南的秋天美,青岛亦然。
对于秋天,我不知应爱哪里的:济南的秋是在山上,青岛的是海边。济南是抱在小山里的:到了秋天,小山上的草色在黄绿之间,松是绿的,别的树叶差不多都是红与黄的。配上那光暖的蓝空,我觉到一种舒适安全,只想在山坡上似睡非睡的躺着,躺到永远。青岛的山,虽然怪秀美,但不能与海相抗,秋海的波还是春样的绿,可是被清凉的蓝空给开拓出老远,平日看不见的小岛清楚的点在帆外。这远到天边的绿水使我不愿思想而不得不思想;一种无目的的思虑,要思虑而心中反倒空虚了些。济南的秋给我安全之感,青岛的秋引起我甜美的悲哀。我不知应当爱哪个。
所谓春风,似乎应当温柔,轻轻吻着柳枝,微微吹皱了水面,偷偷传送花香,柔柔地掀起禽鸟的羽毛。可是,___,把两地的春都给吹毁了。济南的风每每在丁香海棠开花的时候把天刮黄,什么也看不见,连花都埋在黄暗中;青岛的风少一些沙土,可是狡猾,在已很暖的时节忽然来一阵或一天的冷风,把一切都送回冬天去,棉衣不敢脱,花儿不敢开,海边翻着愁浪。
It is not the house .