中考英语试题

— Anna is such a ________ girl that everyone likes her so much.

— That’s true. She can do everything ________.

A ． good; well B ． well; good C ． good; good D ． well; well

Many people dream of traveling into outer space．However，spending too much time in space may cause health problems， according to NASA．That's why astronauts shouldn't spend more than six months on the International Space Station （ISS） at a time．

Muscle （肌肉） and bone loss

In a weightless environment， astronauts don't need to use their muscles to support themselves，so their muscles start shrinking． To keep their muscles strong， astronauts need to exercise about 2 hours each day on the ISS．

Sleep disorder （混乱）

In space， the sun rises every 90 minutes．It is hard for astronauts to get used to this light- dark cycle when they sleep．Also，they need to sleep in a sleeping bag that is fixed to a wall， and it is uncomfortable．

Astronauts now have individual sleeping pods （分离仓） that help shut out some of the light． Still，studies have found that most astronauts only sleep about six hours each night， even though they should have eight and a half hours．

Brain change

Scientists have found that the position of the brain changes during spaceflight． It can affect how the brain deal with how we see， stay balanced and move around． That's why some astronauts can't control their movement and balance after running to the Earth． Scientists have also found that astronauts may get used to this change after going on more spaceflights． But they still need to do more research．

（26）According to the passage， astronauts may have the flowing health problems EXCEPT______．

A． bone loss B． brain changes C． sleep disorder D． headache

（27）Astronauts may have muscle problems after returning to the Earth because______．

A． they seldom walk while in space

B． they are too busy to exercise in space

C． they don't have enough room to exercise in space

D． they don't need to use their muscles to support themselves in space

（28）Astronauts sleep in individual seeing pods to______．

A． stay warm at night

B． shut out light

C．enjoy a quiet place

D． avoid moving around

（29）The underlined word "shrinking" in the second paragraph means______．

A．萎缩 B．改变 C．消失 D．膨胀

（30）The best title of this passage is______．

A． Sleep Disorder in Space

B． Brain Changes in Space

C． Muscle and Bone Loss in Space

D． Health Problems in Space

It's late evening in the middle of the winter． The snow is deep， but off I go into the wild．Suddenly， I hear it： the howl （嚎叫） of wolves． Excitedly， I walk faster in the direction of the howling．

I've been working as a volunteer wolf tracker in Yellowstone National Park for over a year． It's my job to follow wolves to record information about them． Like wolves， however， I don't work alone． I'm one of a team of people who have been in a project to help reintroduce wolves to the park．

Humans have always feared wolves． From fairy tales to movies， the wolf is always the bad guy a danger to humans and other animals． In the 1920s， the organizers of the park shared this view about wolves and made the decision to drive them away from the park．As a result，the number of elk（麋鹿）in the park increased． The elk started looking for food near river banks since they didn't have to worry about wolves．This， in turn， stopped trees from growing along the rivers， doing great harm to the environment there．

The return of wolves has already made a big difference． To begin with， the elk soon learned to stay away from the rivers， so new trees have been able to grow there． The trees become home to new wildlife， such as birds， and provide food for more animals．

The park is now becoming more and more popular with those who want to see wolves in their natural environment． It has also helped the local people make more money， Tourists visit the area，stay in the local hotels， and eat in the local restaurants．

Looking at the wild animals and the beautiful sceneries around me， I am amazed at the changes the wolf has made to Yellowstone． And happily， it is playing a good guy in this story．

（1）According to the passage， one of a wolf tracker's jobs is to　　．

A． catch wolves in the park

B． feed wolves in the wild

C． stop wolves from killing elk

D． collect information about wolves

（2）Why did the organizers drive the wolves away from the park in the 1920s？　　

A． The wolves were always howling at night．

B． The elk in the park were in danger of dying out．

C． The wolves had done great harm to the environment．

D． The park was thought to be unsafe with wolves around．

（3）Paragraphs 4 and 5 are mainly about the　　that wolves have brought to Yellowstone．

A． risks

B． troubles

C． changes

D． competitions

（4）What does the writer mean by the underlined sentence in the last paragraph？　　

A． Wolves are important to Yellowstone．

B． Yellowstone has been home to wolves．

C． The wolf and the elk live in peace now．

D．The number of wolves is growing fast．

Listen. What’s that in the background? Is it rock, country or classical music? 1 ．

“Music makes both the left and right brain more active, and this can maximize( 使最大化 )learning and improve our memory,” says Dr. Masha Godkin, a professor at Northcentral University.

According to Godkin, it’s good to listen to classical music while you are studying. 2 ． You can also listen to meditation( 冥想 )music, which can relieve stress and relax your mind.

It is helpful to create a playlist of the best study music. Everyone’s taste in music is different, but when it comes to creating the best study music playlist, here are some tips to consider:

● Go Classical

You may not want to go to a concert of classical music, but the sounds of the classical music seem to increase mood and productivity( 效率 ). 3 ．

● Consider Tempo

It seems that music with 60-70 beats a minute like Beethoven’s Fur Elise can help students study longer and memorize more information.

● Nature Sounds

4 ． They make great background noise. You can even create your own mix with websites like Noisli.

● Electronic Music

Electronic music is a great choice for those who don’t like classical. Any music with little to no lyrics is best.

● Sound Control

The volume of your study music is important. Don’t drown out( 淹没 )your own thoughts. Remember, it’s supposed to be in the background.

5 ． Please write to us and let us know what music helps you get through school!

A ． This makes it great for studying.

B ． What do you think of country music?

C ． One reason is that classical music has no lyrics.

D ． The sounds of birds, wind and rain are relaxing.

E.We would love to know what’s on your study playlist.

F.Did you know that some kinds of music can help you focus?

G.However, you are not expected to listen to music in the classroom.

People who suffered from the heavy storm had no rooms ______ ．

A ． to live B ． to live in C ． live in D ． to live on

We always think that it’s OK for us to leave our plants home during our vacation as plants won’t scream like pets, right?

A recent study done by a group of scientists at the Tel Aviv University has discovered that some plants will scream when they are under stress.

The research was carried out on tomato plants and tobacco plants by cutting their stems（茎） and depriving（剥夺） them of water. A microphone was placed 10cm away from them. When their stems were cut, the plants started “screaming” between 20 and 100 kilohertz, and the scientists guess that this scream is probably meant to warn other plants nearby.

When the tomato plants’ stems were cut, 25 ultrasonic（超声的） pain sounds were recorded in an hour, and at the same time, 15 ultrasonic pain sounds were recorded from the tobacco plants. When they were deprived of water, the tomato plants recorded even more pain sounds with 35 pain sounds in an hour while the tobacco plants recorded about 11 pain sounds.

The plants also acted differently to different kinds of stresses. For example, the tobacco plants gave out a stronger “scream” when they were deprived of water than when their stems were cut. But plants that were in no immediate（立刻的）danger gave out less than one ultrasonic sound per hour.

The group of scientists said that plants are not as quiet as we had always thought, but in fact their voices are so high-pitched that we just can’t hear them.

Last year, another study has found out that plants feel pain when they are touched or hurt and they will give off a terrible smell.

（）38. What have the group of scientists at the Tel Aviv University discovered?

A. Some plants under stress will scream.

B. Plants in danger scream to warn others.

C. Some plants under stress feel energetic.

D. Plants in danger give off a sweet smell.

（）39. What was the microphone underlined in paragraph 3 used for?

A. Cutting the stems of plants. B. Depriving plants of water.

C. Collecting ultrasonic sounds. D. Testing different stresses.

（）40. How many ultrasonic pain sounds did the tobacco plants give out in an hour when deprived of water？

A. 11. B. 15. C. 25. D. 35.

（）41. What can we learn from the passage?

A. Tomato plants acted the same under different stresses.

B. Tobacco plants gave off a smell when they were safe.

C. Plants not in immediate danger screamed most weakly.

D. Plants that felt pain screamed loudly for people to hear.

China’s population on the mainland reached 1.41178 billion according to the ________ national population census ( 普查 ). (seven)

You can get some exercise ▲ by trying yoga, tai chi or any other sport you are interested in while staying indoors.

A. seriously B. simply C. exactly

阅读下面的短文，然后根据文章内容简要回答第 1 至 5 小题，并将答案写在答题卡上的相应位置。

Have you heard of Peter Pan? Peter Pan was a magic character. He first appeared in Wendy Darling’s room and searched for his lost shadow （影子） . And Peter Pan has been very famous around the world ever since. The story was created by J. M. Barrie. Do you know how J. M. Barrie created it?

J. M. Barrie was born in Scotland in 1860. He moved to London and became a writer in 1885. Twelve years later, he became friends with Sylvia Davies and her five sons. He enjoyed telling the boys stories and made up the character of Peter Pan to bring them pleasure. He said Peter Pan was based on all the boys, telling them, “That is all Peter is—the spark （创作灵感） I got from you.”

A play about Peter Pan was written and shown in December 1904. It was a great success. In 1911, J. M. Barrie wrote a book, Peter and Wendy. The book has been popular since it was printed for the first time. J. M. Barrie invented the name Wendy, based on Fwendy, the name that he was given as a child. The name Fwendy was based on the word “friend”.

1 ． Who created Peter Pan? (no more than 3 words)

2 ． Where did Peter Pan first appear? (no more than 4 words)

3 ． What did J. M. Barrie do in 1885? (no more than 8 words)

4 ． Did J. M. Barrie enjoy telling the boys stories? (no more than 3 words)

5 ． When did J. M. Barrie write the book Peter and Wendy ? (no more than 2 words)

Chinese is ________ （广泛地） spoken in many other countries, I’m proud of that as a Chinese.

—Hey, Alicia! Have you got used to Chinese food?

—Yes! But I am still learning to use ________as a Chinese does.

A．forks B．chopsticks C．knives

—________ you give me a hand? I can't move the box by myself.

—No problem.

A．Could B．Should C．Must D．Need

Erica is a nine-year-old girl. Today is a 1 day for her. Erica’s uncle lives in Australia for three years. He will 2 and bring a big surprise for her today.

The school 3 . And Erica puts her books in the schoolbag and goes out of the classroom. She runs home and 4 about her uncle. She wants to know the surprise.

“Is it a surfboard( 冲浪板 )? That is 5 ! I can learn how to surf! “

“Are they Australian nuts? Oh, I can eat nuts all day! “

“Or maybe he 6 a kangaroo( 袋鼠 )? That is hot good. I don’t have a place in my room for a kangaroo…”

Erica gets home 7 four o’clock. Her parents are there, 8 her uncle is there!

She is very happy to 9 him. “Uncle, uncle, “she 10 , “What surprise do you have for me from Australia?” “Well,” her uncle smiles and answers, “I have an Australian uncle for you.”

1 ． A ． boring B ． difficult C ． fine D ． busy

2 ． A ． come on B ． come back C ． come in D ． come out

3 ． A ． starts B ． begins C ． ends D ． breaks

4 ． A ． worries B ． thinks C ． talks D ． learn

5 ． A ． tidy B ． difficult C ． boring D ． fun

6 ． A ． plays B ． brings C ． says D ． meets

7 ． A ． in B ． for C ． at D ． on

8 ． A ． but B ． and C ． or D ． however

9 ． A ． help B ． call C ． see D ． know

10 ． A ． answers B ． sounds C ． welcomes D ． asks

Mindlessly checking Facebook makes you an awful lot like a lab mouse continuously pushing a button in order to get a treat.

When you check your phone, your brain gets its own little zing; Someone might be talking about you on Facebook! No? Reload. Maybe your Instagram got a heart! Reload. Reload.

But you’re no rat. Human brains can fight the ways apps hijack our brains, if we learn some skills to deal with this problem.

Are Facebook or Twitter “addictions” （瘾） ? Recent scientific research about social media doesn’t agree on that term, but evidence that we aren’t doing well is present at dinner tables where everyone is staring at screens, and at crosswalks where absent-minded people walk into traffic.

I became mindful of my early-morning bad habits. Pre-coffee, half awake, I’d lie there for an hour with my phone. So I called up psychologists, brain scientists and app designers for advice on what actually would help me.

Surprisingly, they didn’t tell me to immediately stop, but instead, they told me I needed the skills for managing social media as part of my life.

Limit Triggers （诱因）

Our brains are made to quickly eat up information. So why let social-media companies decide when to attract you? Turn off app notifications on your phone and computer, especially for live video broadcasts. They are designed to create the fear of missing out.

Avoid Quicksand （流沙 , 陷阱）

When you’re on Facebook, it is easy to read one article, then another. Nir Eyal, author of the 2014 book “Hooked” says he forces himself not to read anything right away. Instead, he saves articles to a service called Pocket, which reads them aloud while he’s at the gym.

We hurt ourselves when we use social media as a break from serious work. Our brains need a chance to be empty. Research suggests the best way to help your brain focus is exercise, even for a short period. Staring into space would be better than refreshing Facebook.

Make New Norms

Not that long ago, you could be fired for not paying attention during a meeting or class; now, many openly use their phones or laptops. Bosses could set a better work culture by providing charging stations at meetings where everyone could leave their phones, then focus on the discussion at hand. Mr. Eyal suggests you try shaming friends who have bad habits-if you do it politely. If someone is not listening to you at dinner, ask, “Is everything OK?” The answer might start an important conversation.

Tech Should Help

The social-media industry has a responsibility here, too. Since companies usually know exactly how much time users spend on their apps, they should offer help to people who have problem behavior. And for the rest of us, let’s encourage app makers to make their products more helpful, not more demanding of our time.

1 ． What does the underlined word “hijack” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?

A ． Wash. B ． Hurt. C ． Control. D ． Empty.

2 ． Why does Mr.Eyal save articles to Pocket?

A ． To rest his tired brain. B ． To refresh his Facebook immediately.

C ． To get more time to exercise. D ． To avoid being attracted by social media.

3 ． What is the best title of this passage?

A ． Take a break from busy life. B ． Free your brain from social media.

C ． Separate social life from your work. D ． Keep your life away from apps.

4 ． What can we infer from the passage?

A ． The social-media industry should make more app products.

B ． People with problem behavior should ask brain scientists for help.

C ． We should decide when to connect to social media by ourselves.

D ． A company with charging stations must have a better work culture.

Do you know what a resolution is? It’s a kind of promise. Most of the time, we make promises to other people (“Mom, I promise I’m going to tidy my room when I get back from school.”) However, promises you make to yourself are resolutions, and the most common kind is New Year’s resolutions. The start of the year is often a time for making resolutions, When we make resolutions at the beginning of the year, we hope that we are going to improve our lives. Some people write down their resolutions and plans for the coming year. This helps them to remember their resolutions. Others tell their family and friends about their wishes and plans.

There are different kinds of resolutions. Some are about physical health. For example, some people promise themselves they are going to start an exercise program or eat less fast food. Many resolutions have to do with self-improvement. These are about making yourself a better person. Some people might say they are going to take up a hobby like painting or taking photos, or learn to play the guitar. Some resolutions have to do with better planning, like making a weekly plan for schoolwork. For example, a student may have to find more time to study.

Although there are differences, most resolutions have one thing in common. People hardly ever keep them! There are good reasons for this. Sometimes the resolutions may be too difficult to keep. Sometimes people just forget about them. For this reason, some people say the best resolution is to have no resolutions! How about you-will you make any next year?

1 ． The meaning of a resolution: _______________________________

2 ． The reason why people usually make resolutions at the beginning of the year:

___________________________________________________.

3 ． The way people remember their resolutions: ____________________

4 ． What the three different kinds of resolutions are about:

① __________ ② __________ ③ __________

5 ． Write two of your own resolutions for the Year of Ox （牛年） :

①__________ ② __________

—Would you mind lending me your ruler?

—________ Here you are.

A ． Of course not. B ． I don’t agree. C ． That’s all right. D ． Yes, I’d love to.

The work is for me than for you. It’s new for me, but you have some experience in this field.

A ． easy B ． difficult C ． more difficult D ． much easier

请认真阅读下面短文,并根据短文内容回答问题

The main characteristic of a bird is feathers. No other animal has feathers. Other important features for birds are wings and hollow bones.

Birds fly by flapping their wings and using air pressure (压力)to create lift under their wings, Just like airplanes do. The peregrine falcon is one of the fastest birds. It can reach speeds of over 100 miles per hour when diving. Feathers are important to birds because they keep them warm, help them to fly, and provide camouflage(伪装). Hollow bones also help in flying because they help make the bird light enough to fly.

Although an important characteristic of frost birds is flying. Not all birds fly. Some birds that don't fly are penguins, kiwis and ostriches. Penguins actually spend much time in the water where they are swimmers. Ostriches on the other hand are very fast runners. An ostrich can outrun a horse!

There are all sizes of birds. Hummingbirds are some of the smallest birds, while ostriches are some of the biggest. Different types of birds eat different things. Some birds feed on plants, some birds eat insects and still others eat other animals like fish, snakes, mice or rats. Birds are also known for their migrating (迁徙) patterns to large groups. Some birds will travel long instances each season to stay in a climate that is good for their survival. Birds are sometimes kept as pets. The most popular birds for pets are tropical (热带的) birds like parrots. Birds also have a history of helping out humans in different tasks. They can carry messages(homing pigeons) and help hunt (falcons).