Once plastic pollution ______in most public areas, it is hard______.

  A. rises; dealing with                             B. arises; to be dealt with

 C. raises; dealt with                      D. arises; to deal with

    Most Americans get what money they have from their work; that is, they earn an income from wages or salaries. The richest Americans, however, get most of their money from what they own — their stocks, bonds, real estate, and other forms of property, or wealth. Although there are few accurate statistics to go by, wealth in American society appears to be concentrated in very few hands. More than 20 percent of everything that can be privately owned is held by less than one percent of the adult population and more than 75 percent of all wealth is owned by 20 percent of American adults. The plain fact is that most Americans have no wealth at all aside from their homes, automobiles, and a small amount of savings.

    Income in the United States is not as highly concentrated as wealth. In 1917 the richest 10 percent of American families received 26.1 percent of all income, while the poorest 10 percent received 17 percent, mainly from Social Security and other government payments. The most striking aspect of income distribution is that it has not changed significantly since the end of World War II. Although economic growth has roughly doubled real disposable (可自由使用的) family income (the money left after taxes and adjusted for inflation) over the last generation, the size of the shares given to the rich and the poor is about the same. By any measure economic inequality is great in the United States.

   The reality behind these statistics is that a large number of Americans are poor. In 1918, 14 percent of the population was living below the federal government’s poverty line, which at that time was an annual income of $ 9 287 for a nonfarm family of two adults and two children. In other words, about one out of seven Americans over 31 million people was officially considered unable to buy the basic necessities of food, clothes, and shelter. The suggested poverty line in 1981 would have been an income of about $11, 200 for a family of four. By this relative definition, about 20 percent of the population or more than 45 million Americans are poor.

32.What does the majority of the Americans have in terms of wealth?

A．Their income and savings.

B．Their house, cars and small amounts of savings.

C．Everything they own in their homes.

D．Actually, they have no wealth at all.

33.What is the percentage of wealth that is in the hands of most Americans?

A．Less than 25%.                   B．More than 25%.

C．More than 75%.                   D．Less than 20%.

34.Why is economic inequality still great in the US in spite of the economic growth?

A．Because the economic growth has widened the gap of the family income between the rich and the poor.

B．Because income in the US is still concentrated in the hands of the richest 10% of American families.

C．Because the proportion of income received by the rich and the poor remains almost the same as in 1917.

D．Because some Americans made great fortunes during the Second World War.

35.What can we learn from comparison of the two poverty lines in the last paragraph?

A. The poverty line of 1918 is more favorable to the poor than that of 1981.

B. The 1981 line was helpful to the poor.

C. There were more Americans who were officially poor by the 1918 line.

D. There were more Americans who were officially poor by the 1981 line.

 The young writer, ________ several attempts to get his works recognized, was granted a big international prize eventually.

A. to make B. making C. made D. having made

假设你是学生李华，得知好朋友William在学习中感到压力很大，学习效果甚微，请你按照以下要点给他写一封电子邮件，帮助他放松身心，提高学习效率。

1. 快乐学习   2. 课外活动    3. 多交流

注意：1. 词数100左右，开头和结尾已为你写好(不记入总词数)，但不得抄入答题卡内。

2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear William,

Recently, I have heard that you feel stressed about study. I have a good mind to offer you some advice on how to study effectively.

Yours

Li Hua

假如你叫李华，是一名中学生。家乡的古刹历史悠久，闻名遐迩，游客如织，你为此而自豪。但你最近很苦恼，因为有些人打起了古刹的主意，想把它拆掉建成工厂。为保护古刹，你给某英语报社写一封信，提出以下几点建议：

1. 限制游客数量以保护古刹；2. 建立网站，供人们网上欣赏；3. 另选其他地点建立工厂。

注意：

1. 词数100左右；

2. 信的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总数。

Dear Editor,

I’m a student. I’ve been proud of Gucha, an old temple in my village. _________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

I’m looking forward to your early reply.

                                                               Yours

                                                               Li Hua

The shocking disappearance of Malaysia Airlines Flight MH370 has captured the attention of millions around the world as the search for the airplane and its passengers and crew continues. What happened to the flight’s 239 passengers and crew after the plane left Kuala Lumpur on Saturday? It is becoming an increasingly desperate question as the days pass.

But it’s hardly the first mystery of its kind. Here are some half-solved and unsolved airline mysteries that kept investigators clueless for years.

Air France Flight 447: An Airbus A330 flight from Rio de Janeiro to Paris plunged into the Atlantic Ocean in 2009, killing all 228 passengers and crew on board. But it took a full five days for search and rescue teams to find the wreck（残骸）and another three years for investigators to report that ice crystals had caused the autopilot (自动驾驶仪) to disconnect. The bodies of 74 passengers remain unrecovered.

Amelia Earhart: Ace (王牌) pilot Amelia Earhart disappeared in her twin-engine monoplane Electra over the Pacific Ocean in 1937 in an attempt to circumnavigate the globe. No trace of her plane was ever found even after a multi-million dollar search effort, and Earhart was officially declared dead in 1939.

Flying Tiger Line Flight 739: A U.S. military flight left Guam in 1962 with more 90 personnel headed for the Philippines, but it never arrived. The pilots never issued a distress call, and 1,300 people involved in the U.S. military search never found any trace of wreckage.

British South American Airways: It took more than 50 years to find any trace of the 11 people aboard a 1947 flight that disappeared in the Andes Mountains. A pair of Argentineans rock climbers discovered engine wreckage in the Andes in 1998, and an army expedition later found human remains as well.

Uruguayan Air Force Flight 571: A flight headed to Santiago, Chile carrying 45 passengers and crew crashed into the Andes Mountains in poor weather in 1972, killing twelve people. In the meantime, eight were killed in an avalanche (雪崩) that hit the plane’s wreckage where they were taking shelter, and the rest stayed alive by eating the flesh of the dead before they were finally found more than two months after disappearing out of the sky.

11．The underlined word “plunged” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _____.

A. jumped       B. broke

C. flew         D. dived

12．What can we learn from Uruguayan Air Force Flight 571? _____.

A. 12 people were lost until now.

B. 25 people were rescued instantly.

C. The rest who stayed alive killed 8 people.

D. 8 were killed by a fall of a large mass of snow down a mountainside.

13．From the passage, what could have led to British South American Airways crash? _____.

A. The bad weather.         B. Not mentioned.

C. The ice crystals.        D. The lightening.

14．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? _____.

A. Earhart was declared dead by the authorities two years later.

B. The bodies of Flight 447 had all been found after three years.

C. Two Argentineans rock climbers discovered the dead in the Andes.

D. Malaysia Airlines Flight MH370 was regarded as the largest air crash.

15．The passage has been written to _____.

A. introduce the loss of Malaysia Airlines Flight MH370

B. explain how to avoid airplane disappearances as a pilot

C. tell readers mysterious airplane disappearances in Aviation History

D. call on people to protect themselves

In my early childhood, my parents and teachers taught me to be persistent (执着) in every task I devoted myself to. I was _41_ that persistence is the only way towards success. But a small incident made me change my mind.

One day my two-­year-­old son, _42_ at a dozen of “stood” color marker­pens, cheered excitedly, “Mummy, look! I did it.” Afterwards, he collected some ball­pens, _43_ to do the same. Hard though he tried, the ball­pens just lay _44_. He turned to me for help. Noticing they had either sharp or round ends, I said _45_, “Mummy can’t help you.” To my _46_, he wouldn’t listen and continued trying. I was struck by his persistence.

My son’s behaviour reminded me of George who was always _47_ in his work and rarely talked to anyone. To him, _48_, there was no such thing called weekends or holidays. Our boss praised _49_ about him and _50_ us to look up to him as a role model.

    One day I met George. “Gonna work late again tonight？”

    “Probably can't leave till midnight,” he said.

    “How many hours have you put in here each week, eighty or ninety?”

    “_51_.”

    “Don’t you have time to be with your family at all?”

He shook his head slowly and _52_ a sigh. “It’s not what I wanted. But I have worked on it for so long. It’s much too _53_ to even think about letting go.”

A year later I resigned. The _54_ thing I heard about him was that his wife divorced him. Since then I’ve never seen him. But occasionally his aged _55_ would come to my mind.

Until that day, _56_ knowing why the ball­pens couldn’t stand up, the two­year­old had _57_ the impossibility after many failures. He put aside all the ball­pens and kept only those water markers for his “game”. _58_, he already learned to let go of his previous _59_ attempts.

In our daily life, many headaches can be avoided if we know how to _60_ them and then let go of them immediately.

Summer Rain

The worst days of any summer are the rainy ones. We spend all year looking forward to nice weather and long, hot days. All of winter, with its cloudy days and bitter cold, we dream of those endless days at the beach, lying on the sand and enjoying the bright and burning sun. And then, summer comes, and it rains.

As a child, I would wake up to rainy summer days and come close to crying. It wasn’t fair. We suffered through months of school and experienced bad weather for those short ten weeks of freedom and pleasant weather.

On those rainy summer days, I had nothing fun to do and could only sit inside, staring out at the rain like a bird in a cage. I was an only child, so there was no one else to play with. My father worked from home, so I was not truly alone, but he could not actively play with me since he was at work. It was those days that I would watch whatever was on television or read any books that I could find lying around. I’d drag through the day and pray each night that the rain would not be there the next day.

As an adult, though, my opinion of summer rain has changed. When you have to work every day, summer is not as exciting. Everything seems dull. Such a mindset makes you cheer for anything new or different. I spend the winter dreaming of summer and the summer dreaming of winter. When summer comes, I hate how hot it is. And then I look forward to the rain, because the rain brings with it a cold front, which makes me comfortable. Rainy days are still the worst days of the summer, but summer rain today means positively beautiful — and considerably cooler — weather tomorrow.

21. When the author was a child, he ______.

A. preferred cooler weather             B. hated rainy days                        

C. liked staying indoors         D. dreamed on summer days

22. We can learn from the passage that the author ______.

A. was often left alone at home       

B. preferred reading to playing outside 

C. had no brothers or sisters

D. could enjoy the brilliant sun in winter

23. As an adult, the author views summer rain differently because ______.

A. he knows it won’t last long           B. his summer holiday is very short

C. he can better deal with his holiday  D. rain makes the weather cooler     

When you are little, the whole world feels like a big playground. I was living in Conyers, Georgia the summer it all happened. I was a second grader, but my best friend Stephanie was only in the first grade. Both of our parents were at work and most of the time they let us go our own way.

It was a hot afternoon and we decided to have an adventure in Stephanie’s basement. As I opened the basement door, before us lay the biggest room, full of amazing things like guns, dolls, and old clothes. I ran downstairs, and spotted a red steel can. It was paint. I looked beyond it and there lay even more paint in bright colors like purple, orange, blue and green.

“Stephanie, I just found us a project for the day. Get some paintbrushes. We are fixing to paint.” She screamed with excitement as I told her of my secret plans and immediately we got to work. We gathered all the brushes we could find and moved all of our materials to my yard. There on the road in front of my house, we painted bit stripes (条纹) of colors across the pavement (人行道). Stripe by stripe, our colors turned into a beautiful rainbow. It was fantastic!

The sun was starting to sink. I saw a car in the distance and jumped up as I recognized the car. It was my mother. I couldn’t wait to show her my masterpiece. The car pulled slowly into the driveway and from the look on my mother’s face, I could tell that I was in deep trouble.

My mother shut the car door and walked towards me. Her eyes glaring, she shouted, “What in the world were you thinking? I understood when you made castles out of leaves, and climbed the neighbors’ trees, but this! Come inside right now!” I stood there glaring hack at her for a minute, angry because she had insulted (侮辱) my art. 

“Now go clean it up!” Mother and I began cleaning the road. Tears ran down my cheeks as I saw my beautiful rainbow turn into black cement.  

Though years have now passed, I still wonder where my rainbow has gone. I wonder if, maybe when I get older, I can find my rainbow and never have to brush it away. I guess we all need sort of rainbow to brighten our lives from time to time and to keep our hopes and dreams colorful.

 21. What did the writer want to do when his mother came home?

      A. To introduce Stephanie to her.           

B. To prevent her from seeing his painting. 

      C. To put the materials back in the yard.      

D. To show his artwork to her.

22. In his mother’s eyes, the writer_______.

      A. was a born artist                       

B. always caused trouble

      C. was a problem solver                   

D. worked very hard

23. The underlined word “rainbow” in the last paragraph refers to ______.

      A. the rainbow in the sky                  

B. the stripes on the pavement

      C. something imaginative and fun          

D. important lessons learned in childhood

24. It can be learned from the passage that parents should ________.

      A. encourage children to paint             

 B. value friendship among children

      C. discover the hidden talent in children 

D. protect rather than destroy children’s dreams

 In much of the animal world, night is the time ______ for sleep—pure and simple. 

A. set aside             B. set down         C. set off         D. set up

A. They admit their mistakes.

B. They are open to criticism.

C. They are willing to learn.

D. They're in charge of their emotions.

E. They apologize when needed.

F. They are generous with compliments.

    We all see and hear about extraordinary people around us and wonder why can't we be more like them? Sometimes we chuck that notion as absurd and unachievable. I would say not so fast. It's not the big things that make someone extraordinary. It's the small things. Things over a period of time have the power to radically change your life. They become extraordinary by making a difference in someone's life. Here are some of the things extraordinary people do every day:

61. __________

    Just because you're the boss, it doesn't mean you are right every time. It doesn't mean you have the best ideas. Learn to back up your ideas or decisions with reason. Use logic to explain things, not authority. By doing this your decisions might invite criticism, but you will also get an opportunity to improve.

62. __________

    My friend's boss made a huge mistake by tying up with an event management company. The whole purpose of the tie-up was to promote his company but it failed miserably. Instead of defending his idea and carrying on as if nothing happened, he apologized to the team for not including them in the decision making. It's OK to admit you were wrong. You will not only gain the respect of your team mates, you will also gain credibility.

63. __________

    Remember the time, say in school or at work when you worked really hard but got nothing in return. Not even a thank you. It hurts when your efforts are not recognized. So every chance you get to praise someone, do it. A simple "That was some great work, keep it up,” can go a long way in making the employee feel great about themselves. A compliment can have a positive impact on their lives. Your team/family will love you for it.

64. __________

    We all make mistakes, but what makes a person big is when he is ready to apologize. Don't try to hide behind excuses: "I didn't mean to say it, it just happened.” "I was irritated with such and such person so…” No. Don't try to shift blame. Just come right out and say you're sorry.

65. __________

    Sometimes it is very important to stay mum. Especially when you're angry or irritated or bitter, you don't want to end up saying things you didn't really mean to. So they take their time, they process their emotions, think back to what happened, and then come to a decision about how to tackle it. Before you say anything, consider other's feelings. Never be rash with words or actions.

It’s not easy being a teenager nor is it easy being the parent of a teenager．You can make your child feel angry, hurt or misunderstood by what you say without realizing it yourself．It is important to give your child the space he needs to grow while gently letting him know that you’ll still be there for him when he needs you．

    Expect a lot from your child，just not everything．Except for health and safety problems，such as drug use or careless driving，consider everything else open to discussion．If your child is unwilling to discuss something，don’t insist he tell you what’s on his mind．The more you insist， the more likely that he’ll clam up．Instead，let him try to solve things by himself. At the same time，remind him that you’re always there for him if he seeks advice or help．Show respect for your teenager’s privacy(隐私)．Never read his mail or listen in on personal conversations．

    Teach your teenager that the family phone is for the whole family. If your child talks on the family’s telephone for too long，tell him he can talk for l5 minutes，but then he must stay off the phone for at least all equal period of time．This not only frees up the line so that other family members can make and receive calls，but teaches your teenager moderation(节制).Or if you are open to the idea，allow your teenager his own phone that he pays for with his own pocket money or a part-time job．

29． The main purpose of the text is to tell parents        ．

A．how to get along with a teenager         

B．how to respect a teenager

C．how to help a teenager grow up        

D．how to understand a teenager

30． What does the phrase "clam up" in Paragraph 2 probably mean?

A. become excited                                  B. show respect

C. refuse to talk                                    D. seek help

31．The last paragraph is about how to teach a teenager ________.

A. to use the phone in a proper way  

B. to pay for his own telephone

C. to share the phone with friends   

D. to answer the phone quickly

32． What should parents do in raising a teenager according to the text?

A. Not allow him to learn driving or take drugs.

B. Give him advice only when necessary.

C. Let him have his own telephone.

D. Not talk about personal things with him.

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作女文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

刪除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线。并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词：

2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Last weekend, my classmate and I went on a camping trip near the river. It was not long distance, so we chose to get here by bike.

We started with early in the morning. On the way, we talked about that we saw around. It takes about half an hour to get to the place. On arriving, some girls sat down, had her breakfast and listened to the birds sings. Some admired the river while others drew pictures. My friends and I found a quietly place and went fishing. To our surprise, we got much fishes.

Time passed so quickly and we had to say goodbye. I enjoyed the pleasant or exciting trip.

 With a special train ticket, you can travel ______ you’d like to go in England for just over 100 pounds.

    A. what                 B. in which                  C. where                      D. which                                     

—Dad, can I move the boxes out of the room?

—_______ . It’s too crowded in here.

A. I believe not     B. Go ahead         C. Of course not    D. It doesn’t matter

 —I’ve given out. I can’t run any farther.

   —________, David. You can make it.

 A. No worry    B. Come on  C. No problem   D. That’s impossible

—Would you take this along to the office for me ?

—                       .

       A. With pleasure        B. That’s right           C. Never mind         D. Don’t mention it

Food safety is a problem in all places around the world and people in different areas of the world prepare foods in different ways. The WHO released (发布) five simple rules for preparing food in a safe way. They call these rules the “Five Keys to Safer Food”.

Key 1: Keep clean

36．. People should wash their hands often — before touching food and while they are preparing food. People should wash all surfaces and equipment used for preparing food.

Key 2: Separate raw (生的) and cooked

Raw foods should not touch prepared foods.  37．.

Key 3:  38．

People should cook eggs and meat especially carefully. These foods may carry more micro-organisms (微生物) than other foods. Food like soup must be boiled for at least a minute to make it be cooked completely. It is also important that people re-heat cooked food completely.

Key 4: Keep food at safe temperatures

When people finish eating, they should keep the left food in a refrigerator below 5℃and shouldn’t store it for too long. At room temperature, about 20℃, the amount of micro-organisms can increase very quickly. But temperatures above 60℃ or below 5℃ control the growth of micro-organisms. 39．.

Key 5: Use safe water and raw materials

40．. Damaged or old food may develop harmful chemicals as it gets older.

A. Cook completely

B. This key tells about the importance of washing

C. Eat healthily

D. They can live where we make food

E. People should use safe water and choose fresh foods

F. They cannot grow as quickly in a very hot or very cold environment

G. People should use separate equipment and tools for touching and preparing raw foods