Johannes Kepler discovered that the planets ______ in circular orbits around the sun.

        A. don’t move    B. didn’t move      C. hadn’t moved      D. haven’t moved

In a new study of African elephants，researchers have     four distinct characters that are among a group.

    A. convinced  B. identified  C. differed  D. existed

During the early 1980S，I was a sales manager for a large training company. One of my responsibilities was to train people on how to sell

My mother lived near me for nearly 30 years，who has just had a third-grade education. The popula­tion in our area grew sufficiently and the committee members think about building a new church in our neighborhood. They decided to raise the initial capital by selling lottery (彩票）tickets. My mother jumped at the chance to participate. She had no formal training in the art of selling，but that never en­tered her mind. Her plan was simple: talk to as many people as possible about buying tickets and make them feel guilty if they didn’t.

That’s where I came into the picture. She said I was a big shot and that I must know a lot of peo­ple. She gave me 10 booklets of 10 tickets， each one worth one dollar， adding up to a grand total of $ 100. A week later，I showed up with only half of the tickets sold.

“ If only I had more time，I would have been able to sell all these tickets you gave me，” I said to my mother. “I simply didn’t have the time. ”

“ What a load of nonsense! You either do something or you have all the excuses why not，，’ my moth­er shot back. “You made time to go out to dinner ，watch TV ，jog ，go to the movies. What does time have to do with it? Nothing! ” After that blast of the truth，she started to cry. I was defeated. I quickly a­greed to buy the rest of my tickets myself. She stopped crying instantly and said，“ When you want some­thing ，then you do whatever it takes to get the job done ，even cry. ” With a smile she said，“I knew that crying would work with you，and for being so weak with your excuses，here are 10 more books. Now ，go and sell them all. ’，As a sales manager，I paled(苍白)by comparison.

My mother went on to demonstrate that by not making excuses， she could produce outstanding re­sults. She managed to out-sell every other volunteer，14 to 1. She sold 7000 tickets. Her closest chal­lenge came from a neighbor who sold 500.

I learned a new level of distinction between time and results. I had always wanted to have my own business but had kept saying that it wasn’t the right time and I didn’t have the money. But I kept hear­ing my mother’s voice in my mind ： “You either do something that you want or you have all the reasons why you can ’ t. ”

Six months later，I quit my job and started my own business，training people in time management.

51.The author ’ s mother sold tickets to_______.

A.    to keep her from being lonely

B.    to practice the skills of selling

C.    to help her daughter start a busines

D.    to collect money for building a church

52.The author’s mother suddenly cried because_______.

A.    she was defeated by others

B.    she was sad at the bad news

C.    she was eager to get her job done

D.    she was disappointed with her daughter

53.It is implied in the underlined words in the passage_______.

A.    success can only be achieved by action

B.    experience is the best teacher

C.    one is never too old to learn

D.    all is well that ends well

54.  What’s the theme of the passage?

A.    Practice makes perfect.

B.    Rome was not built in a day.

C.    Where there is a  will， there is a way.

D.    Never put off till tomorrow what you can do today.

 Happy birthday, Alice! So you have _________ twenty-one already!

A. become           B. turned                C. grown              D. passed

                  Does happiness have a scent?

When someone is happy, can you smell it?  

You can usually tell when someone is happy based on seeing them smile, hearing them laugh or perhaps from receiving a big hug. But can you also smell their happiness? Surprising new research suggests that happiness does indeed have a scent, and that the experience of happiness can be transmitted through smell, reports Phys.org.

For the study, 12 young men were shown videos meant to bring about a variety of emotions while researchers gathered sweat samples from them. All of the men were healthy and none of them were drug users or smokers, and all were asked to abstain from drinking or eating smelly foods during the study period. 

Those sweat samples were then given to 36 equally healthy young women to smell, while researchers monitored their reactions. Only women were selected to smell the samples, apparently because previous research has shown that women have a better sense of smell than men and are also more sensitive to emotional signaling—though it's unclear why only men were chosen to produce the scents. 

Researchers found that the behavior of the women after smelling the scents—particularly their facial expressions—indicated a relationship between the emotional states of the men who produced the sweat and the women who sniffed them. 

“Human sweat produced when a person is happy brings about a state similar to happiness in somebody who breathes this smell,” said study co-author Gun Semin, a professor at Koc University in Turkey.

This is a fascinating finding because it not only means that happiness does have a scent, but that the scent is capable of transmitting the emotion to others. The study also found that other emotions, such as fear, seem to carry a scent too. This ensures previous research suggesting that some negative emotions have a smell, but it is the first time this has proved to be true of positive feelings.

Researchers have yet to isolate(分离) exactly what the chemical compound for the happiness smell is, but you might imagine what the potential applications for such a finding could be. Happiness perfumes, for instance, could be invented. Scent therapies（香味疗法）could also be developed to help people through depression or anxiety.

Perhaps the most surprising result of the study, however, is our broadened understanding of how emotions get communicated, and also how our own emotions are potentially managed through our social context and the emotional states of those around us. 

5. What is the main finding of the new research?

   A. Pleasant feelings can be smelt out.     B. Negative emotions have a smell.

   C. Men produce more sweats.           D. Women have a better sense of smell.

6. The underlined part “abstain from” in Paragraph 3 probably means _________.

 A. continue           B. practice                C. avoid                D. try

7. What is the application value of the new research?

 A. Perfumes could help people understand each other.

 B. Some smells could be created to improve our appearance.

 C. Perfumes could be produced to cure physical diseases.

 D. Some smells could be developed to better our mood.

8. We can learn from the last paragraph that        .

 A. happiness comes from a scent of sweat

 B. social surroundings can influence our emotions

 C. people need more emotional communication

 D.  positive energy can deepen understanding

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误涉及一个单词的增加 、删除和修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词 。

删除：把多余的词用斜线划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

       2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

China is facing seriously traffic problems. Too much cars travel on the roads. This heavy traffic causes delays and a plenty of air pollution. Although many cities in China have traffic problems, some of the worse are in Beijing. One of the reason why there is so much traffic is what only a small number of people use public transportation.

I think one way solve the traffic problems was to make people use the public transportation system. For example, they can take buses instead of drive cars. Meanwhile, the government should make them more reliable and convenient to travel by bus.

I want to start with the responsibility you have to yourself. Every single one of you has something that you’re good at. Every single one of you has something to offer. And you have a responsibility to yourself to discover what that is. That’s the opportunity an education can provide.

Maybe you could be a great writer – maybe even good enough to write a book or articles in a newspaper – but you might not know it until you write that English paper – that English class paper that’s assigned to you. Maybe you could be an innovator or an inventor – maybe even good enough to come up with the next iPhone or the new medicine or vaccine – but you might not know it until you do your project for your science class. Maybe you could be a mayor or a senator or a Supreme Court justice – but you might not know that until you join student government or the debate team.

And no matter what you want to do with your life, I guarantee that you’ll need an education to do it. You want to be a doctor, or a teacher, or a police officer? You want to be a nurse or an architect, a lawyer or a member of our military? You’re going to need a good education for every single one of those careers. You can’t drop out of school and just drop into a good job. You’ve got to train for it and work for it and learn for it.

And this isn’t just important for your own life and your own future. What you make of your education will decide nothing less than the future of this country. The future of America depends on you. What you’re learning in school today will determine whether we as a nation can meet our greatest challenges in the future.

25. What is the responsibility you have to yourself?

   A. To discover what that is.                        B. To study for the future of America.

   C. To be a great writer.                     D. To be a teacher.

26. What’s the opportunity an education can provide according to the passage?

   A. To be a president.                              B. To be a millionaire.

   C. To be a mayor or a senator.                D. To meet greatest challenges.

27. What will you need to do for a police officer?

   A. To find a good job.                             B. To need a good education.

   C. To drop out of school.                          D. To be trained.

28. The main idea of this passage is _________.

   A. education that America can provide         B. what you want to do with your life

C. the importance of education             D. responsibility

 Many people said they were thinking of changing jobs. But in reality, they have to seriously consider the pros and cons before actually ______.

   A. jumping ship                B. missing the bus     C. going bananas      D. facing the music

His health is in a good _____.

   A. mood              B. case         C. condition       D. state

The suggestion___________________ (我们充分利用) this holiday to improve English is worth considering.  (make)

 —How terrible it is today!

—      . A very bad day for swimming, isn't it?

       A. So it is             B. So is it          C. Nor it is                        D. Nor is it

       “You see someone just sitting there,looking like they’re stupid,”explains teenager Manny Logan excitedly.“You just run up to them,slap（掌击）them and run off.It’s funny.”

       The 16-year-old Logan was describing “happy slapping”.It’s supposed to be fun but it’s a new problem in Britain.Young people will attack passers-by while their friends record the whole thing on a hand-held video recorder or mobile phone.It was first reported in south London six months ago.But,the practice has spread to other parts of the country and videos of attacks have become popular on the Internet.

The young people are called “hoodies” because they usually wear a sweatshirt with a hooded top.The top can be used to cover the head or face.

       One study in England published earlier this year suggested that as many as one in four teenagers is an active offender.That includes both serious crimes and small acts like not paying for a bus ticket. 

       The fear of youth crime has left some parts of towns empty of ordinary people.

       So,the British government declared war on public disorder last week.The Prime Minister has supported a decision by the country’s biggest shopping centre in southeast of England to ban teenagers wearing hooded tops.The clothing helps troublemakers hide from the centre’s cameras.

       This week,the government is going further.It plans to force teenage offenders to wear orange jackets while they do public service.The idea is to shame them in front of others.

       But some teenagers and experts have complained that,in their rush to stop the hoodies,politicians risk tarring all teenagers with the same brush.                                          .

25.According to the text,for what do the teenagers attack a person?

A.Just for fun.             B.Just for money.        C.To become well-known.         D.To help their friends.

26.Why do teenager offenders wear hooded tops?

A.To run away quickly.                     B.To record the happy slapping.

C.To avoid being hurt.                    D.To avoid being identified.

27.A teenager who wears an orange jacket doing public service is one who        .

A.intends to attack people                      B.gets praised by the government

C.gets punishment for attacking people        D.helps to stop hoodies attacking people

   It’s always important to use the right tools for any job. Success in school is no different. If you need to vary your time management tool box, consider these less traditional tools.   36 

   Daily Task List

   A daily task list is nothing more than a notepad that you use to list your daily goals.   37   . Cross them off as you finish them. At the end of each day, simply carry over any job that you didn’t finish to the next day’s list. It works wonders!

   Big Well Calendar

   Simply place the big wall calendar in a prominent place near your regular study space. Then come up with a color code for your classes(like green for math and yellow for history). When you have a big due date or a test date, place the appropriate colored sticker on that date.   38   , so it works as a constant reminder. This trick is simple, cheap, and so effective!

Sticky Note Flags

___39   , whether you’re putting together a big research project or you’re simply reading a book. Whenever you need to remember to take a certain object or assignment to school, place a sticky flag on the door knob, bathroom mirror, or the cereal box the night before. It works like a an alarm!

Bedside Notepad

You can keep a notepad beside your bed to write down any items or tasks you have to remember for the next day. As you settle in for the night, take a few moments to think about the things you need to do tomorrow. Then write them down and tear off the sheet in the morning.  40   !

A. Remember to pack it in your schoolbag.

B. Keep your homework and your life in order

C. Two heads are better than one when it comes to projecting due dates

D. You could also use the calendar feature to alert you when projects are due

E. These little paper banners are lifesavers when it comes to getting organized

F. Carry a small pad around and write down every task you need to complete

G. The sticker will be something you can see every time you enter the room.

 China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals ______ all its citizens.

A. in charge of           B. for the purpose of       C. in honor of     D. for the benefit of

       Iceland, an island just south of the Arctic Circle, has fairly mild winters,  thanks to warm ocean currents. Time your vacation here during the winter months to take advantage of off-season deals.

       Off-season means good deals on flights, hotels and tours. You may also find that the locals are a bit friendlier and more welcoming when tourists aren’t arriving in crowds.

       In the winter months, there are less than seven hours of daylight; thus, chances are good you’ll catch sight of the northern lights. Sunsets are also beautiful at this time, making for some great photo opportunities.

       In Iceland, winter is the perfect time to hike glaciers, go ice climbing, explore caves made out of hardened lava(岩浆) and much more. One of the most popular activities is off-roading(越野比赛) in a specially-equipped “super jeep”.

       Before booking your trip, be sure to check for volcano alerts. There are about 130 volcanoes on or around Iceland. Thirty-five of them are active. In 2010, a volcano named Eyjaallajokull exploded, sending clouds of ash up to four kilometers into the atmosphere. The ash drifted toward the UK and Europe. Because the ask could damage aircraft engines, airlines operating in the region were forced to cancel flights for six days. As a result, thousands of people were stuck in airports.

       Recently, another volcano named Bardarbunga has become active, erupting ash into the air. Such events, if large enough, could prevent your trip from going ahead. So check the latest volcano news prior to making your reservations.

66. According to this article, why are you more likely to see the northern lights in the winter?  

 A. They move from rural areas to cities.       B. The weather is more stable at that time.

 C. They’re a special feature of many festivals. D. The sky is dark for longer periods then.

67. According to the article, how do visitors to Iceland have fun in the winter?

 A. They learn how to ski down the mountains.  B. They photograph famous historic sites..

 C. They explore the countryside in well made vehicles..

 D. They spend a week at one of the seaside resorts.

68. What is true about the volcanoes of Iceland?

 A. The majority of them are quiet.                    B. Their age hasn’t been determined.

 C. All but one of them are extinct.                    D. Citizens aren’t affected by them.

69.What does this article explain?.

 A. Some of Iceland’s urban cultural attractions  B. A way t reduce the cost of a trip to Iceland.

 C. Reasons for visiting Iceland in June and July. D. The average price for a short tour of Iceland.

In my opinion, classical music is a bit like mushrooms! You don’t see the link? Let me explain. When I was younger, I didn’t like mushrooms. They had a horrible texture(质地)and no taste at all, and I used to pick them out of every dish in which my mum tired to hide them. But gradually, as I got older, my view changed. I started to enjoy mushrooms-flavoured things like soups and sauces, and eventually I found I could eat mushrooms without grimacing(痛苦的表情). And now I even quite enjoy them! So my mum’s prediction that I would “grow into them” was proved quite correct.

Similarly, I always thought of classical music as this boring genre(类型)that only boring grown-ups liked. Whenever my parents played it in the car, I would count down the minutes until we could change it to my preferred genre: pop. But while at university, I found that calming orchestral music was just the thing for library revision playlists---it had no lyrics to stop me concentrating on my study, and the pieces tended to be very long; perfect for long work sessions!

Recently, my developing relationship with classical music reached a new level when I voluntarily chose to go to a ballet. Admittedly, it was the dancing that originally attracted me, but once there I thoroughly enjoyed the music too. It was The Nutcracker, and I was surprised by just how much of music I recognized! The Dance of the Sugar Plum Fairy, The Russian Dance, The Waltz of the Flowers—they all sounded familiar. I didn’t know how I knew them, I just knew that I did! And I loved them. My parents would be proud.

12. Why did the author first hate eating mushrooms?

A. The author’s mother always cooked them

B. The mushrooms had terrible look and no taste

C. Some mushrooms had bad effects on health

D. Some mushrooms tasted terrible

13. How does the writer connect classical music with mushrooms?

A. By comparison    B. By the order of time

C. By telling facts    D. By imagination

14. What did the author’s parents think of classical music?

A. Uninterested    B. Favorite

C. Curious        D. Bored

15. What’s the best title of the passage?

A. The Art and Life

B. The Change of Hobbies

C. Classical Music and Mushrooms!

D. Music or Mushrooms?

 —What major will you choose when you are at university?

—______ but Physics, which has brought terrible dreams to me for the past 12 years.

A．Nothing       B．Anything       C．Something       D．Everything

    某英语报社开辟了中学生习作专栏。本期的话题是：注重日常学习、工作和生活中的细节。因为细节往往决定成败。请你以“We Should Pay Much Attention to Details”为题，用英语写一篇短文，谈谈自己的一些看法。

注意：1．词数120左右；

      2．短文中不能出现本人相关信息。

 The cost of renting a house in central Xi’an is higher than ____ in any other area of the city.

A. that    B. this    C. it     D. one