I don’t know how he made his money _______. I only know now he is really rich.    

A. steadily                     B. originally                C. apparently         D. permanently

 A lake project, which will be a landmark construction of the city, _______ on land that only one year ago was mostly farmland.

  A. is built           B. was built       C. has been built       D. is being built

 I watched the girl step off the sidewalk, ____the road, and ___ into the post office.　　

A. crossed; disappear                           B. cross; disappear　　

C. to cross; to disappear                      D. crossed; disappeared

I would, however, be perfectly satisfied if you would kindly replace the camera or ______

my money, whichever is more convenient. 

A. chase                                B. exchange                  C. swap                D. refund 

 ________ tourism, Ohio is a place full of natural beauty and many vacation spots worth visiting.

   A. On top of                B .In terms of          C. In spite of      D. On account of

With these increased pressures and difficulty in ensuring a graduate job, more people are turning to recruitment(招聘) agencies for help. Luke Harper wrote for the Independent warning students to be cautious when using graduate recruitment agencies in their job hunt. The article’s main argument against graduate recruitment agencies is that they are looking to sign people up to the agency and harvest data, without having any real intention to personally find them a job. 

The fundamental problem with this approach is a basic misunderstanding of how the recruitment sector works. One of the more common ways is that recruitment agencies aim to find you a job to secure a fee from their clients. Recruitment agencies operate as a business, not a careers service and are not expected to find you a job while you wait around. 

There is no denying that amongst the recruitment agencies, there are some CV(简历) hungry, cut and shut agencies that are uninterested in the candidates they have on their books. However, nowadays these are in the minority and don’t tend to last very long. 

Paul Farrer, Chief Executive of a leading recruitment agency is worried that a few bad apples are ruining the reputation of what is an excellent sector. Farrer said “The trouble with such an imbalanced and misleading article is that some graduates may now be put off approaching recruitment agencies who may well be able to help them.”

Professionals in the industry are cautious of how some of the less respectable agencies operate. Earnest recruiters believe that graduates should be aware that some of these agencies will take on graduates for all their details rather than helping them find a job, like Harper mentioned. To fight this, Farrar advises that “Graduates should have a simple checklist before approaching any agency. Has the agency taken the time to talk to me? Have they invited me to a face-to-face meeting? Have they guaranteed not to forward my CV to any employer without my permission? These three steps will safeguard every application.”

Farrer also pointed out that that is not the only safety net that graduates can rely on. He said “Graduates can also check to see if the agencies are members of either APSCo or the REC, the two trade bodies they can make an official complaint to. The vast majority of recruitment agencies are professional organisations that help place thousands of graduates every year and poorly researched articles help no one.”

61. The main purpose of this passage is _______________ graduate recruitment agencies.

 A. to advise readers to be cautious of

 B. to argue against some misjudgment against    

 C. to explain why there is a prejudice against 

D. to seek the solutions to the problems caused by  

62. Which of the following is right according to the passage?

 A. Luke Harper holds the same idea about jobs with Paul Farrer. 

B. Recruitment agencies actually do the same work as a careers service.

 C. Job hunters’ detailed information is of value to recruitment agencies. 

 D. A member of APSCo or the REC will not cheat its clients.    

63. What advice does Paul Farrer give graduates to avoid less respectable agencies?

 A. Consulting professionals before giving their personal details to an agency.   

B. Making a face-to-face investigation into an agency before approaching it.  

C. Guaranteeing that the agency will not forward their CV to any employer.

D. Selecting some agencies that are monitored by official trade bodies.

64. What is the author’s attitude towards graduate recruitment agencies?

 A. Neutral.   B. Positive.   C. Negative.   D. Not Clear.

The hotel was terrible, and not at all what we _______ to expect in the advertisement.  

A. had led                          B. had been led         C. had been leading       D. would be led

   Suppose you become a leader in an organization. It’s very likely that you’ll want to have volunteers to help with the organization’s activities. To do so, it should help to understand why people undertake volunteer work and what keeps their interest in the work.

   Let’s begin with the question of why people volunteer. Researchers have identified several factors that motivate people to get involved. For example, people volunteer to express personal values related to unselfishness, to expand their range of experiences, and to strengthen social relationships. If volunteer positions do not meet these needs, people may not wish to participate. To select volunteers, you may need to understand the motivations of the people you wish to attract.

   People also volunteer because they are required to do so. To increase levels of community service, some schools have launched compulsory volunteer programs. Unfortunately, these programs can shift people’s wish of participation from an internal (内在的) factor (e.g., “I volunteer because it’s important to me”) to an external (外在的) factor (e.g., “I volunteer because I’m required to do so”). When that happens, people become less likely to volunteer in the future. People must be sensitive to this possibility when they make volunteer activities a must.

    Once people begin to volunteer, what leads them to remain in their positions over time? To answer this question, researchers have conducted follow-up studies in which they track volunteers over time. For instance, one study followed 238 volunteers in Florida over a year. One of the most important factors that influenced their satisfaction as volunteers was the amount of suffering they experienced in their volunteer positions. Although this result may not surprise you, it leads to important practical advice. The researchers note that attention should be given to “training methods that would prepare volunteers for troublesome situations or provide them with strategies for coping with the problem they do experience”.

   Another study of 302 volunteers at hospitals in Chicago focused on individual differences in the degree to which people view “volunteer” as an important social role. It was assumed that those people for whom the role of volunteer was most part of their personal identity would also be most likely to continue volunteer work. Participants indicated the degree to which the social role mattered by responding to statements such as “Volunteering in Hospital is an important part of who I am.” Consistent with the researchers’ expectations, they found a positive correlation (正相关) between the strength of role identity and the length of time people continued to volunteer. These results, once again, lead to concrete advice: “Once an individual begins volunteering, continued efforts might focus on developing a volunteer role identity... Items like T-shirts that allow volunteers to be recognized publicly for their contributions can help strengthen role identity”.

32. People volunteer mainly out of ______ .

   A. academic requirements                    B. social expectations

   C. financial rewards                         D. internal needs

33. What can we learn from the Florida study?

   A. Follow-up studies should last for one year. 

   B. Volunteers should get mentally prepared.

   C. Strategy training is a must in research.      

   D. Volunteers are provided with concrete advice.

34. What is most likely to motivate volunteers to continue their work?

   A. Individual differences in role identity.         B. Publicly identifiable volunteer T-shirts.

   C. Role identity as a volunteer.                 D. Practical advice from researchers.

35. What is the best title of the passage?

   A. How to Get People to Volunteer              B. How to Study Volunteer Behaviors

   C. How to Keep Volunteers’ Interest             D. How to Organize Volunteer Activities

William lived with his parents and seven sisters in a small clay house without electricity or running water. Like most boys in his village, William was expected to assist his parents on the family farm, as well as keep up with his school work.

However, in 2003 at the age of 13, William and many other children were forced to drop out of school when their parents could no longer afford his schooling. William had to work even harder to help his family, but he wasn’t ready to give up his education. He went to the local library and took out some books to study. One book, called Using Energy, sparked William’s interest in science and gave him an idea that significantly changed his future.

In the book, William found a picture of a windmill (风车), and a brief description of how it could be used to generate electricity from wind. He knew that there was plenty of wind in his village, and realized that if he could build a windmill like that, he could give his family and the people in his village a much better life. There was just one problem. The book didn’t explain how to build a windmill, and neither did any of the other books in the library.

What happened over the next year demonstrated William’s incredible ambition and determination. He began to collect any kinds of materials he thought could be useful — scraps of wood, broken bicycles, old shoes — and started to build a windmill next to his family’s house. He endured many challenges and failures. Other people in his village called him crazy and said his idea would never work. Finally, at the age of 14, William completed his first windmill. When they saw electric lights and heard the sound of music on the radio coming from William’s house, the village people came running. He had done it.

His autobiography (自传), The Boy Who Harnessed the Wind tells the story of how the rest of the world came to know about his achievements. With the help of international supporters, his village now has clean running water, solar powered lighting, and electric power. As a result of his actions, William was invited to study engineering at Dartmouth College, one of the top-ranking universities in the U. S. He also travels the world and gives talks about how he made his dream a reality.

51. William went to the local library because           .

A. he wanted to find some materials for his invention  

B. it was his favorite way to kill time and relax

C. he wanted to continue his education   

D. it was believed to be a way to change his fate

52. Paragraph 3 is mainly about           .

A. why the windmill is so attractive                   

B. how William got inspired by a book

C. why William decided to continue his education   

D. how a windmill works to produce electricity

53. The living conditions in William’s village are much better now mainly because           .

A. William has helped build a power station  

B. the villagers are greatly encouraged by William

C. William’s autobiography is locally popular 

D. it has received much outside help

54. What is the message conveyed in the passage?

A. We should strike while the iron is hot.          

B. A good beginning makes a good end.

C. One who lives his dream can make a difference.

D. You’d better not put all the eggs in one basket.

 ______ Jason is willing to help, he doesn’t have much time available.

A. As                        B. Since                       C. While                       D. Unless

A group of cultural calendars, with creative designs, informative content and delicate printing, were hot sellers last year and now posting photos of the calendars has become a new fad on social networks. Many people posted photos of their cultural calendars with their comments to arouse memories of traditional knowledge. Though the cultural calendars are a return to traditions, designers are racking their brains to make the calendars appear more attractive.

21. The underlined word “fad” in paragraph1 is closest in meaning to “________”.

A. invention           B. content             C. design              D. fashion

22. If you are interested in conventional customs, which calendar should you refer to?

A. The Red Chamber Dream Calendar          B. The Palace Museum Datebook

C. Calendar: Beauty of Chinese Characters D. The Penguins 2016 Wall Calendar

23. According to the description of The Palace Museum’s Datebook, ________.

A. you can find the information about the origin of Chinese characters

B. it has been and remains a best-seller on online marketplaces

C. ancient paintings and poems are included inside the datebook

D. you can appreciate ancient Chinese calligraphy in it

 Judging from the date _______ on the gold coin, we can tell that it was made 500 years ago.

   A. being marked     B. marked               C. to mark            D. to be marked

 To everyone’s surprise, our unbeatable school team ______ the vital game.

A. should have won      B. should have lost      C. should win           D. should lose

If you lose something important, you are sure to desire to get it back. Thanks to the kindness of strangers, these　 41 　lost objects have been returned to their owners.

Montreal residents Shoshana and Dez thought their　42 　of New York City were gone forever after they lost their digital camera’s memory card during a 2008 trip. 　43 　, they were shocked to see it arrive in the　44　—three years later. Sullivan, a museum attendant who was

　45　the day Shoshana and Dez visited, had noticed the tiny object on the museum floor. She posted its　46　on the net, which Backs, a student, came across. He recognized Shoshana as a friend of his mother’s, and　47　the card made its way back home.

Another　48　man was Chad Reid. It was the night　49　he was supposed to fly home. Without realizing it, he had his wallet　50　on an Afghanistan street. Then, fortunately, civilian aircraft mechanic Bill Peasley was looking　51　at just the right moment that night, and he　52　

the wallet. He managed to get in touch with Reid the next day, who got his wallet back just in time to　53　his flight back to the States.

Amy Harris saw a gold ring in the　54　water along the bank of Redfish Lake. She posted her find on Craigslist, but when no one had　55　the ring four months later, she almost gave up finding the owner. As a last　56　, Harris’s husband Jody called his old friend, Richard Black, a(n)　57　, in the next town, for advice. Black asked, “Did you find it in Redfish Lake? ”The couple found out that Alair and Dana had stopped by Black’s shop-to buy a(n)　58　for the ring Alair lost that summer at the lake. The　59　ring! By Thanksgiving, Alair had her ring back.

Return what you pick up, and honesty will bring you　60　and friendship.

41. A. practical           B. expensive       C. eye-catching   D. precious

42. A. accounts       B. memories       C. photos                D. impressions

43. A. Instead            B. Therefore      C. Anyway          D. However

44. A. mail                    B. museum            C. camera              D. dream

45. A. traveling              B. working       C. shopping           D. relaxing

46. A. picture                B. shape             C. contents            D. owners

47. A. thus                    B. straight        C. merely              D. nevertheless

48. A. honest                B. lucky             C. ordinary            D. admirable

49. A. while                  B. when             C. as                     D. before

50. A. stolen                 B. dropped             C. unfolded            D. touched

51. A. around                B. out                    C. down                D. aside

52. A. approached         B. neglected      C. spotted              D. recognized

53. A. board                  B. change                  C. cancel               D. reserve

54. A. deep                   B. shallow             C. tough                D. muddy

55. A. claimed               B. noticed              C. sought                     D. handled

56. A. contact               B. deal                   C. offer                 D. effort

57. A. agent                  B. detective       C. jeweler             D. judge

58. A. replacement         B. antique        C. bargain              D. necklace

59. A. other                  B. same               C. splendid           D. shining

60. A. belief                  B. fortune              C. reward            D. credit

       A person who compares the annual earnings of college and high school graduates would no doubt conclude that higher education is a good investment—the present value of the college earnings premium (奖金) (the better part of $1 million) seemingly far outdistances (超过) college costs. But for many, attending college is unequivocally (明确地) not the right decision on purely economic reasons.

First of all, college graduates on average are smarter and have better work habits than high school graduates. Those who graduated from college were better students in high school, for example. Thus, at least a portion of the earnings premium associated with college has nothing to do with college itself, but rather with other traits (特性).

Second, not everyone is average. A non-swimmer trying to cross a stream that on average is three feet deep might drown because part of the stream is seven feet in depth. The same kind of thing sometimes happens to college graduates too entranced (着迷的) by statistics on averages. Earnings vary considerably between the graduates of different schools, and within schools, earnings differ a great deal between majors. Majors of accounting, computer science, and engineering majors, for example, almost always make more than those majoring in education, social work, or ethnic studies.

Third, the number of new college graduates far exceeds (超过) the growth in the number of technical, managerial, and professional jobs where graduates traditionally have gravitated (趋向). As a consequence, we have a new phenomenon: underemployed college graduates doing jobs historically performed by those with much less education.

Does this mean no one should go to college? Of course not. First of all, college is more than training for a career, and many might benefit from the social aspects of advanced schooling.

As a general rule, I would say graduates in the top quarter of their class at a high-quality high school should go on to a four-year degree program, while those in the bottom quarter of their class at a high school with a mediocre educational reputation should not.

Those in between should consider perhaps doing a two-year program and then transferring to a four-year school. There are, of course, exceptions to this rule, but it is important for us to keep in mind that college is not for everyone.

64. If you only compare the earnings of college and high school graduates, you will conclude that ______.

      A. some students shouldn't go to college

      B. college education seems to bring a high rate of return

      C. attending college is not the right decision for the poor

      D. college education seems to be not so successful

65. From the second paragraph, we know that ______.

      A. college education is a must for young people

      B. the number of college graduates has been decreasing

      C. college graduates may get higher earnings because of many good traits

      D. it is certain that college students can get higher earnings

66. The writer mentions a non-swimmer crossing the stream to show ______.

      A. not all of the college graduates can get good earnings

      B. some of the college students can get well paid

      C. most of the college students can't get a good salary

      D. students in some majors are difficult to find jobs

67. Which of the following is true according to the writer?

      A. Society needs more high-quality college graduates.                      

      B. Most of the college graduates can find suitable jobs. 

      C. Not all the students have to receive college education.                  

      D. We should reconsider the value of school education.

As a nurse working in the emergency room, I meet a lot of patients every workday. Yet those special “patients” on that Christmas have made a    21    impression on me.

It was unusually quiet in the emergency room on December 25. I was    22   about having to work on Christmas when a pale woman and four small children,    23   that they were terribly sick, showed up at my desk.

But when it came to descriptions of their problems, things got a little   24  . They all claimed to have headaches, but the headaches weren’t   25   by the normal body language of   26   the head and trying to keep it still.

  27  was wrong. Our hospital policy, however, was not to   28   any patient. I explained it might be a little while   29   a doctor saw her. She responded immediately, even a bit   30  .

“Take your time,” and then she added, “It’s warm in here.” At this, I checked their registration form out of   31  . No address—they were homeless. And the waiting room was   32  .

I went back to the nurses’ station and mentioned the family in the waiting room. The nurses,   33   to a family just trying to get warm on Christmas, went into action just as we do   34  there’s a medical emergency. But this one was a Christmas emergency.

We prepared meals for our Christmas   35  . We put together oranges and apples in a basket. We collected from different departments candies, crayons and other things    36   that could be presents. As   37   as we met the physical needs of the patients that came to us that day, our team worked to meet the needs of a family who   38   wanted to be warm on Christmas Day.

Later, as the family walked to the door to leave, the mother came   39   back, gave me a hug and whispered, “Thanks for being our   40   today.”

21. A. living       B. lasting      C. long             D. continuing

22. A. sighing      B. worrying     C. singing          D. speaking

23. A. talking      B. complaining  C. saying           D. telling

24. A. strange      B. normal       C. interesting      D. surprising

25. A. shown        B. accompanied  C. protected        D. followed

26. A. hitting      B. shaking      C. nodding          D. holding

27. A. Everything   B. Anything     C. Something        D. Nothing

28. A. keep away    B. take away    C. turn away        D. stay away

29. A. before       B. when         C. while            D. after

30. A. sensitively  B. angrily      C. happily          D. sadly

31. A. question     B. control      C. expectation      D. curiosity

32. A. warm         B. cold         C. big              D. small

33. A. devoted      B. sympathetic  C. accustomed       D. grateful

34. A. if           B. unless       C. when             D. while

35. A. guests       B. patients     C. travelers        D. children

36. A. visible      B. available    C. accessible       D. possible

37. A. jokingly     B. casually     C. seriously        D. faithfully

38. A. often        B. simply       C. surely           D. actually

39. A. walking      B. stepping     C. rolling          D. running

40. A. friends      B. nurses       C. hosts            D. angels

I hate Black Friday sales. It’s often a gathering of people who are here for many different reasons. Some are looking for a deal on that one item for their loved one, or perhaps themselves. Their intentions are completely unrelated to the festive time of the year.

It was several years ago when my wife asked me to meet her at the local department store on Black Friday morning. They had advertised a child’s bike that she wanted to purchase for our son. We stood with a very large crowd, waiting for the manager to blow the whistle. After a while the whistle blew. It was like throwing a bucket of small fish into a tank of sharks. I told my wife that if we obtained a bike, fine, but if we did not, I was OK with that too.

As the pile of bikes began to gradually decrease in size, I saw my polite opportunity to wrap my hands around the corner of one of the boxes. I lifted it up and suddenly felt some mild resistance. I looked up see one of the largest gentlemen I had ever seen in my life. Frightening was not the word to describe his presence. He wore lots of belts of metal studded leather around both arms and even his neck. Tattoos（纹身）were an obvious passion of his.

I started to give up the box but he gently pushed it back in my direction and back into my hands. He then directed it into my shopping cart. He looked at me, smiled, and said, “Merry Christmas.” My wife and I went to the checkout, paid for the bike and went home. All the way home I was thinking that this moment was by far the best gift I had ever received for Christmas. The kindness of a stranger broke all preconceived notions(预想)I may have had of stereotypes and prejudices.

24. How did the author feel when going into the store?

A. The crowd was like small fish.

B. They might not get the bike.

C. He was excited to do the shopping.

D. The whistle was blown too late.

25. What happened when the author was buying the bike?

A. He was scared by a man’s look at first.

B. A gentleman bought the bike for him.

C. A stranger helped him lift the box.

D. He gave up the bike he first touched.

26. What can we learn from the author’s experience?

A. Look before you leap.

B. Custom is a second nature.

C. The best Christmas gift

D. A strange gentleman