Wearing ties was originally the mark of Britain’s most powerful classes, which made the tie itself a symbol of power and respect. And that led it to be adopted by a much larger tribe —— the business tribe.

    You cannot wear a tie if you work with machinery. So wearing a tie became a sign that you were a man who used his brain to make a living, rather than your hands. It showed you were serious. It showed you were a professional. It meant that everyone who wanted a job in business had to wear one. It was just impossible to take seriously a man who didn’t wear a piece of colored silk around his neck.

    This is how millions of people came to be wearing ties across the world．They are part of the uniform of business.

    “Ties offer a point of different," says John Milne, head of the British Guild of Tie Makers. “They give a chance to say something about their own personality.”

    So if you happen to meet a man with a very brightly colored tie, there is a good chance that he is the office joker. There is also a good chance that he will be wearing brightly colored socks.

Is there a future for ties? The signs are not promising. Tie wearing seems to be rare amongst the new bread of entrepreneurs(创业者) in the Internet and new technology industries. Many political leaders, including former British Prime Minister Tony Blair, now go without ties. This shows they are men of the people—but not the people wearing ties.

Up until around 1960, it was common for men across the Western world to wear hats as part of their business uniform. That changed with the election of John F. Kennedy to the presidency of the United States. Kennedy never wore a hat——in fact his nickname was "hatless Jack". Seeing that the most powerful man in the world did not have to wear a hat, millions of other men decided that they did not have to, either. Hats simply vanished across the Western world．Perhaps "tieless Tony" (former UK Prime Minister Tony Blair) will have the same effect as "hatless Jack".

29. In Britain, ties were first used as a sign to show a person’s ________.

      A．personality      B．social position  C．wearing style D. favorite hobby

30. In the business world, wearing a tie was necessary because ________.

      A．it showed you used your brain      B．it showed you got a good salary

      C．it showed you were an employer   D．It showed you were well-equipped

31. The writer may hold the opinion that________

       A．Blair is the best leader in the world.

       B．Kennedy is the best leader in the world.

       C．millions of people will go to work without a tie.

       D．people will wear hats instead of ties.

32. The underlined word “vanished” in this passage may mean_______ .

      A．sold            B．washed      C．appeared            D．disappeared

某同学利用如图所示的实验装置验证机械能守恒定律。桌面离地面的高度为H，将钢球从轨道的不同高度h处静止释放，钢球的落点距轨道末端的水平距离为s。

（1）关于该实验，下列说法中正确的是______。

A．该装置中轨道必须尽可能光滑

B．该装置中轨道末端必须水平

C．该实验中必须测量钢球的质量

D．该实验中钢球也可换成密度很小的塑料球

（2）该实验验证钢球在下列哪段运动过程中的机械能守恒？________

A．在轨道上运动阶段    B．平抛运动阶段    C．从释放到着地的整个运动阶段

（3）若轨道完全光滑，s²与h的理论关系应满足s²=_______（用H、h表示）。

（4）实际测得的s²总是比（3）中理论值_______。（填“大”或“小”）

（5）写出一条造成（4）中差异的原因：________________________。

A man was charged(指控) with first degree murder of a 79-year-old woman whom police said he scared to death．In an attempt to escape after a bank robbery, the 20-year-old Larry Whitfield broke into the home of Mary Parnell．Police say he didn’t touch Parnell but that she died after suffering a heart attack that was caused by terror．Can the guy be held responsible for the woman’s death? Prosecutors(公诉人) said that he can, under the state’s murder rule，which allows someone to be charged with murder if he or she causes another person’s death while committing or fleeing from a felony crime like robbery---even if he or she doesn’t kill someone on purpose．

But，medically speaking，can someone actually be frightened to death?

Absolutely, no question about it．

The body has a natural protective method called the fight-or-flight response(战或逃反应)，which was originally described by Walter Cannon，the chairman of Harvard University’s physiology department from 1906 to 1942．If, in the wild，an animal is faced with a life-threatening situation, the autonomic nerve system responds by increasing heart rate，increasing blood flow to the muscles and slowing digestion．All of this increases the chances of succeeding in a fight or running away from an aggressive beast．This process certainly would be of help to ancient humans．However, in the modem world there is obvious decline of the fight-or-flight response．

The autonomic nerve system uses the chemical messenger to send signals to various parts of the body to activate the fight-or-flight response．This chemical is toxic(有毒的) in large amounts；it damages the organs such as the heart，lungs，liver and kidneys．It is believed that almost all sudden deaths are caused by damage to the heart．There is almost no other organ that would fail so fast as to cause sudden death．Kidney failure，liver failure，those things don’t kill you suddenly．

By the way, any strong positive or negative emotions such as happiness or sadness can cause the same result．There are people who have died in strong emotions．There was a case of a golfer who hit a hole in one，turned to his partner and said,“I can die now”一and then he dropped dead．For about seven days after the 9-11 terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center and Pentagon, there was an increase of sudden cardiac death among New Yorkers．

51．Why was the man charged?

A．Because he was trying to kill an old woman．

B．Because he caused an old woman’s terror and she died．

C．Because he beat an old woman and caused her heart attack．

D．Because he murdered an old woman while robbing a bank．

52．The underlined word “felony” in Para．1 most probably means ___________．

A．new        B．severe       C．deadly        D．organized

53．Which of the following about the fight-or-flight response is true?

  A．The fight-or-flight response was not raised or proved yet．

  B．It is a natural protective method that can only be found in humans．

  C．The ancient humans had a better fight-or-flight response than modem ones．

  D．The fight-or-flight response is beneficial to both our actions and organs．

54．What activity can we infer is less likely(可能的) to damage the organs?

  A．Winning a big lottery(彩票)．    B．Missing a dead family．

  C．Watching a horror movie         D．Listening to a sweet song．

55．The purpose of the passage is _____________．

A．to explain why people will die of a heart attack

B．to offer some advice on protecting us from heart failure

C．to compare different kinds of feelings to cause a death

D．to show strong emotions can cause a sudden death

   近年来，青海省互助县积极调整产业结构，大力发展马铃薯产业，通过扩大种植面积，推广标准化栽培技术，加强农产品流通，积极实施扩容改造项目，搞好技术和信息服务等工作，使马铃薯种植成为增收的主要来源，据此完成18—19题。

18．该地的马铃薯种植业属于

    A．商品农业    B．传统农业

    C．粗放农业    D．混合农业

19.青海的马铃薯淀粉含量达30%以上，茄碱含量低，不麻不辣，色味纯正，香甜爽口，其品质优良的种植条件是

  ①光照充足  ②土壤肥沃  ③昼夜温差大  ④病虫害较少  ⑤灌溉水源充足⑥热量条件好

  A.①③⑤     B.②③④    C.①②③⑥    D.①③④

下列关于分散系的说法不正确的是（　　）

美国“门户开放”政策被列强接受后，美国认为“外交上从来没有比此更辉煌和更大的胜利。”“它保护了现在的利益，保护未来的利益，使美国立于一个牢不可破的地位。”这主要是由于

A．是美国侵华政策进入新阶段的标志

B．形成了帝国主义瓜分中国的同盟，确立了美国盟主地位

C．防止了列强瓜分中国的狂潮，既得了利益又获得中国政府的感激

D．中国市场对于美国商品自由开放，美国凭借其精美商品扩展中国市场

某高校在2016年的自主招生考试成绩中随机抽取40名学生的笔试成绩，按成绩共分成五组：第1组，第2组，第3组，第4组，第5组，得到的频率分布直方图如图所示，同时规定成绩在85分以上（含85分）的学生为“优秀”，成绩小于85分的学生为“良好”，且只有成绩为“优秀”的学生才能获得面试资格．

（Ⅰ）求出第4组的频率，并补全

频率分布直方图；

（Ⅱ）根据样本频率分布直方图估

计样本的中位数；

（Ⅲ）如果用分层抽样的方法从“优

秀”和“良好” 的学生中共选出5人，

再从这5人中选2人，那么至少有一人是“优秀”的概率是多少？

下图为红绿色盲患者的遗传系谱图，以下说法不正确的是

A.Ⅱ₃与正常男性婚配，后代女孩不患病   

B.Ⅱ₃与正常男性婚配，生有患病男孩的概率是1/8
C.Ⅱ₄与正常女性婚配，生有患病男孩的概率是1/8

D.Ⅱ₅的色盲致病基因不可能来自祖母

人类钟摆型眼球震颤是，是伴X染色体显性遗传病，不存在的基因传递途径是

A.祖母→父亲→女儿              B.祖母→父亲→儿子

C.外祖父→母亲→女儿            D.外祖母→母亲→儿子

 “撞衫”已被越来越多的年轻人所忌讳。张丽穿着新买的羽绒服去上学，结果发现本班的王燕也穿了一件一模一样的衣服，就再也不愿意穿这件衣服了。对于张丽存在的消费心理你认为可能的是    （   ）

A.从众心理          B．求实心理        C．攀比心理         D．求异心理

    读图，完成26-27题。

26．图中所示产业活动过程中各环节之间的联系属于

  A．生产协作                           B．商贸联系      

  C．科技联系                           D．信息联系

27．目前，图示产业活动在全球范围内蓬勃发展，在其影响下应运而生的产业是

  A．现代物流业                         B．微电子工业    

  C．现代旅游业                         D．汽车制造业

1825年英国发生了第一次资本主义经济危机，其基本特征是经济系统没有产生足够的消费价值，也就是生产能力相对过剩。为此，英国采取的针对性措施是（     ）

A．创立新的生产组织形式——资本主义工厂制 

B．发动侵略中国的战争——第一次鸦片战争 

C．呼应机器制造商的要求——取消机器出口禁令 

D．推广瓦特改良的万能蒸汽机——联动式蒸汽机

西周建立以后，在延续前代制度的基础上进行了一系列的完善与创新，以便达到“天下归周”、“天下归宗”和“天下归心”的目的。下列与“天下归宗”相对应的是

A．导致了国家分裂割据局面        B．保障了各级贵族政治上的特权地位

C．成为贵族的政治和生活准则      D．为后世历代王朝沿用，影响深远

下列有关溶液配制的说法正确的是

A. 在50mL量筒中配制0.1000mol/L氯化钠溶液

B. 配制一定物质的量浓度的溶液，定容时应仰视刻度线

C. 配制240mL0.1000mol/LH₂SO₄溶液需用250mL容量瓶

D. 将2.3gNa投入97.7g水中，可得质量分数为4%的烧碱溶液

_____.

下列各组属于国际单位制的基本单位的是（　　）

将下列溶液置于敞口容器中，溶液质量会增加的是(     )

A．浓硫酸      B．稀硫酸         C．浓盐酸         D．浓硝酸

13.小平在南方谈话中指出：“改革开放胆子要大一些，敢于试验，不能像小脚女人一样。看准了的，就大胆地试，大胆地闯。没有一点闯的精神，没有一点‘冒’的精神，没有一股气呀、劲呀，就走不出一条好路。”这一时期“好路”的“路标”是

 A.加入亚太经合组织                       B.建立多种形式的经济责任制

    C.建立社会主义市场经济体制               D.建立多层次的对外开放格局

工业革命的基本特征是(　　)

 A.雇佣劳动关系取代了手工作坊中的师徒关系

 B.使用机器生产的工厂取代了手工劳动的工场

 C.蒸汽机的使用促成了动力和能源的巨大革命

 D.生产力的极大提高使生产呈现高速增长趋势

33．20世纪30年代的经济危机，在世界范围引起金融恐慌，各国纷纷采取不同政策积极应对。阅读下列材料，回答问题。

材料一  1933年3月9日，罗斯福签署《银行紧急法令》，授权总统以整顿破产银行之大权，由政府提供35亿美元贷款，帮助大银行复业。同时，又公布《存款保险法》，由政府保障存款，以恢复存户对银行的信心。

——张建华主编《世界现代史》

(1)据材料一，概括罗斯福新政的主要特点。

材料二  从1934年初期，美国颁行了一系列关于白银政策的法令，6月通过了购银法案：美国政府在世界市场上高价大量收购白银……1933年中国白银出口为1400万元，但1934年1月至7月单从上海出口的白银便迭5000万元……

——摘编自[美]杨格《一九二七至一九三七年中国财政经济状况》

(2)据材料二，概括美国白银政策对中国金融的影响。结合所学指出南京国民政府的应对措施。

材料三  新货币的最大特点是以法币代替了银元……对工商业经济的发展，无疑是一个有力的推动。……仅上海一地，1935年至1937年，新设的机器厂就达387家，超过了过去十年的总数……l935年12月和1936年1月，连续出现贸易出超，这是中国几十年所没有的。

——摘编自刘大钧《国民所得》

(3)指出材料三中“新货币”的使用对当时中国工商业发展的影响。