九年级(初三)：语文　 数学　 英语　 物理　 化学　 历史　 道法　

九年级(初三)试题

右图是一张毕业证书照片，其书写文字为：“兹有本校第一期步兵科学生潘学吟修业期满成绩及格特给证书。总理孙文、校长蒋中正、党代表廖仲恺。中华民国十三年十一月三十日。”据此可知，颁发该证书的学校应是（）

A . 京师同文馆 B . 京师大学堂 C . 北京大学 D . 黄埔军校

在北京，“盒马鲜生”电商实体店里的波士顿龙虾成了抢手货：在深圳，无人机半年出口额刨下46.9亿元新高，大疆就占据全球市场份额的7成……今年以来，以战略性新产业、分享经济等为代表的新动能不断壮大。你从中获得的正确信息有（）

①我国区域经济发展差距己荡然无存 ②我国科技创新水平己超越发达国家

③对外开放有利于增强人民的获得感 ④我国积极实旋互利共赢的开放战略

A . ①③ B . ②④ C . ①④ D . ③④

小明将标有“6V6W”的灯L₁与标有“6V3W”的灯L₂串联，如图所示。下列说法错误的是（）

A . 该电路能探究串联电路的电压特点 B . 该电路能探究变阻器在电路中的作用 C . 该电路能探究电流做功的多少与电压的关系 D . 该电路可以测出灯泡 $\text{[math]}$ 的额定功率

简述新航路开辟的历史意义。

下列图像表示的对应关系正确的是（）

A .

向饱和的氯化钠溶液中不断加入氯化钾固体 B .

等质量的镁和氧气在密闭容器中点燃，充分反应 C .

向一定量的稀硫酸中不断加水 D .

向等质量的碳酸钠和碳酸氢钠固体中分别加入等质量分数且足量的稀盐酸

如图1，等腰△ABC中，AC＝BC，点O在AB边上，以O为圆心的圆经过点C，交AB边于点D，EF为⊙O的直径，EF⊥BC于点G，且D是 $\text{[math]}$ 的中点．

（1）求证：AC是⊙O的切线；
（2）如图2，延长CB交⊙O于点H，连接HD交OE于点P，连接CF，求证：CF＝DO+OP；
（3）在（2）的条件下，连接CD，若tan∠HDC＝ $\text{[math]}$ ，CG＝4，求OP的长．

阅读下面短文，理解其大意，然后完成相关小题。

①Some people like to be scared! Choosing to be scared can be fun. Dr. Margee Kerr, a sociologist, explained the science of fear. "Some people like to be scared because they like the way their body changes." she says.

②Being scared is not always fun. When a balloon pops, we may jump. Our heart beats faster and harder. How does the body have the reactions?" When we meet something startling, our brain and body start making changes to help prepare us for the unknown." Dr. Kerr explains, "These changes are caused by the senses（感官）, which always send information to the brain. It gives out chemicals into the bloodstream, and those chemicals act on different parts of the body. At the same time, the brain decides whether or not the danger is real."

③Fear is a tool that the brain uses to keep the body safe. It helps a person to hide, run away, or protect oneself. Our memories also help protect us. As we grow, we learn what's unsafe, and our brains keep those memories. Then our brains use fear to warn us of dangers. Dr.Kerr says, "_______________________________. "

④However, too much fear can be harmful because experiences can lead to long-lasting fears that may stop a person from trying new things. A long-lasting fear can mean you've had a bad experience, and your brain doesn't want you to have it again.

⑤Many people have beaten their own fears. Instead of listening to their imagination, they learn the facts about anything that seems scary. Knowledge can help a person feel less afraid. Dr. Kerr grew up on a farm. She was scared of black bears in the woods before. She says," After I read a lot about them, I knew for sure what to do if I ever met a bear and how to protect myself."

（1） The underlined word "startling" in Paragraph 2 probably means _____________.

A . surprising B . tiring C . boring D . interesting
（2） Which is most likely to be put in the blank "______________" in Paragraph 3?

A . We feel a little excited when we watch a scary movie. B . It's good to have a healthy sense of what's dangerous C . Understanding the facts gives me a sense of confidence D . Being afraid doesn't mean you're weak.
（3） How is the passage organized?

A . B . C . D .
（4） The best title for this passage may be ____________.

A . The science of fear B . The imagination of fears C . The ways of beating fears D . The reasons of being scared

（创新驱动，永攀高峰）

回望哪些照亮中国自主创新的光荣与梦想，无一不是耐住寂寞，百炼成钢。华为在自主创新上的极致坚持，造就了世界领先的5G和芯片技术，才有了今天面对市场竞争，力挽狂澜的强大能量；北斗系统可提供测速精度高度达每秒0.2米的全球服务，从一纸规划到提供全球服务，耗时25年；抗疟药品——青蒿素和双氢青蒿素，被誉为是“拯救2亿人”的发现，从研究到获得诺奖近半个世纪……一代科技人、产业在科技自立的大路上迎难而上、勇毅前行，才有了今天民族产业的豪气与底气！

简要回答我国目前的科技现状是什么？在迈向科技强国的征程中，作为新时代青少年我们能做哪些努力？

2019年11月28日7时52分，我国在太原卫星发射中心用长征四号丙运载火箭，成功将高分十二号卫星发射升空。卫星顺利进入预定轨道，任务获得圆满成功。这一高科技成果的获得（）

①证明创新是引领发展的第一动力 ②得益于坚持实施创新驱动发展战略

③表明我国的自主创新能力又有提高 ④说明我国已经建成创新强国

A . ①② B . ②③ C . ③④ D . ①④

油菜花开，满野金黄，温暖馨香。

（1）用分子观点解释闻到油菜花香的原因是。
（2）油菜花粉含有钙、锌、铁等对人体健康有益的元素，其中有利于骨骼和牙齿坚硬。
（3）油菜种植需要磷肥，下列属于磷肥的是_____。

A . KNO₃ B . Ca（H₂PO₄）₂ C . CO（NH₂）₂ D . NH₄HCO₃
（4）选取优良种子，是油菜籽丰收的基本保证。农业上通常用质量分数为 16%的氯化钠溶液来选取种子。现要配制 100kg 这种溶液，需要水kg。

In winter, some people burn(煤) to keep warm.

明确实验目的和步骤是实验成功的前提。请你补全下列3个实验的目的和步骤。

序号	实验目的	实验步骤
⑴	探究	①在烧杯中加入适量水，滴入1-2滴红墨水；②加入适量活性炭，搅拌；③静置，观察溶液颜色变化。
⑵	检验NaCl中混有Na₂CO₃	① 在烧杯中加入少量样品；②加入适量水至全部溶解；③加入
⑶	配制	①在烧杯中加入2.5g氯化钠；②加入47.5g水；③搅拌至全部溶解。

阅读下面材料，从选项中选出最佳选项。

In this life, what did you miss?

The wife asked the husband when she was 25. The husband worriedly replied, “I missed a good job.” When she was 35, the husband angrily told her that he had just missed the bus. At 45, the husband sadly said, “I missed the last momentsaying goodbye to my grandfather before his last breath.” At 55, the husband said disappointingly, “I missed a good chance to retire (退休). At 65, the husband hurriedly replied, “I missed the time for a dentist.”

At 75, the wife did not ask the husband anymore. The husband was in front of the very sick wife with his knees down. Remembering the question the wife used to ask him, this time he asked the wife the same question. The wife, with a smile and peaceful look, replied, “In this life, I did not miss having you!”

The husband was full of tears. He always thought that they could be together forever. He was always busy with work and personal things. So much so he had never thought about her. The husband hugged the wife and said, “Over 50 years, how I had allowed myself to be so blind to your love and care for me.”

In the busy life, so many people fill all their lives with their jobs. These people spend all their time and health meeting the social expectations. They never spare time on health care. They miss the chances to be with their children in their growing up. They pay no attention to the loved ones who care for them, and also their health.

Nobody knows what is going to happen one year from now. Life is not long, so always live in the now. Express your thanks to your loved ones in words. Show your care with actions. Treat each day as the last day of life. In this way, when you are gone, you loved ones would have nothing to feel sorry about.

（1） The underlined phrase “before his last breath” in Paragraph 2 probably means . _________

A . before his life came to an end B . before he left for another place C . before he took a deep breath D . before he visited for the last time
（2） According to the passage, the husband had missed _________without realizing it.

A . a good chance to retire B . some fun memories with his wife C . his important health to live with D . the deepest love from his wife
（3） Why did the wife stop asking her husband the question when she was 75?

A . Because she was tired of asking the same question again and again. B . Because she had already got the satisfying answer from her husband C . Because she thought it unnecessary to ask it again because of her poor health. D . Because she realized that her husband hadn't missed anything.
（4） Which of the following can make our loved ones never feel sorry about us when we are gone?

A . Spending all our time working hard to meet what the society expects. B . Showing that we are thankful to the loved ones by telling them directly. C . Considering every day as the best day of our life and living it to the fullest. D . Asking our children to take care of us when we grow old and weak.

如图甲所示，电源电压不变，小灯泡L的额定电流为0.6A，滑动变阻器R的最大阻值为50Ω，电流表量程为“0～0.6A”，电压表量程为“0～15V”。闭合开关S，在保证电路安全的前提下，最大范围调节滑动变阻器的滑片P，分别绘制了电流表示数与电压表示数、电流表示数与滑动变阻器R连入电路阻值的变化关系图象，如图乙、丙所示。则下列说法中正确的是（）