Energy independence. It has a nice ring to it. Doesn’t it? If you think so, you’re not alone, because energy independence has been the dream of American president for decades, and never more so than in the past few years, when the most recent oil price shock has been partly responsible for kicking off the great recession (衰退).

    “Energy independence” and its rhetorical (修辞的) companion “energy security” are, however, slippery concepts that are rarely though through. What is it we want independence from, exactly? Most people would probably say that they want to be independent from imported oil. But there are reasons that we buy all that old from elsewhere.

    The first reason is that we need it to keep our economy running. Yes, there is a trickle (涓涓细流) of bio-fuel available, and more may become available, but most bio-fuels cause economic waste and environmental destruction.

    Second, Americans have basically decided that they don’t really want to produce all their own oil. They value the environmental quality they preserve over their oil imports from abroad. Vast areas of the United States are off-limits to oil exploration and production in the name of environmental protection. To what extent are Americans really willing to endure the environmental impacts of domestic energy production in order to cut back imports?

    Third, there are benefits to trade. It allows for economic efficiency, and when we buy things from places that have lower production costs than we do, we benefit. And although you don’t read about this much, the United States is also a large exporter of oil products, selling about 2 million barrels of petroleum products per day to about 90 countries.

There is no question that the United States imports a great deal of energy and, in fact, relies on that steady flow to maintain its economy. When that flow is interrupted, we feel the pain in short supplies and higher prices. At the same time, we derive (得到) massive economic benefits when we buy the most affordable energy on the world market and when we engage in energy trade around the world.

72. What does the author say about energy independence for America?

A. It sounds very attractive.                     B. It will bring oil prices down.

C. It ensures national security.                    D. It has long been everyone’s dream.

73. What does the author think of bio-fuels?

A. They keep America’s economy running healthily.

B. They cause serious damage to the environment.

C. They prove to be a good alternative to petroleum.

D. They do not provide a sustainable energy supply.

74. Why does American depend on oil imports a lot?

A. It wants to expand its storage of oil.

B. Its own oil production falls short of demand.

C. Its own oil reserves are quickly being used up.

D. It wants to keep its own environment undamaged.

75. The author’s purpose in writing the passage is ________.

A. to stress the importance of energy conservation

B. to explain the increase of international oil trade

C. to defend America’s dependence on oil imports

D. to arouse Americans’ awareness of the energy crisis

For thousands of years, the most important two buildings in any British village have been the church and the pub. Traditionally, the church and the pub are at the heart of any village or town, where the people gather together to socialize and exchange news.

As a result, British pubs are often old and well preserved. Many of them have become historic sites. The most famous example is the pub in the city of Nottingham called “The Old Trip to Jerusalem”, which dates back to the year 1189 AD and is probably the oldest pub in England.

However, British pubs are not just for kings and queens; they welcome people from all classes and parts of society. On a cold night, the pub’s landlord or landlady can always find a warm place for you by the fire. There is always honest and hearty food and plenty of drink available at an affordable price.

That’s how things used to be. Things are beginning to change. It is said that the credit crunch (信贷紧缩) is causing 39 British pubs a week to go out of business. People do not have enough spare money to spend on beer. Recently, the UK government banned smoking in all pubs, and that may also have affected the number of customers going to pubs.

This decline is happening despite the fact that in 2005 the UK government started to allow pubs to stay open after 1l pm. Previously, with 1l pm as closing time, customers would have to drink quite quickly, meaning they sometimes got more drunk than they would if allowed to drink slowly. The British habit of drinking a lot very quickly is known as “binge drinking”, and it causes long-term health problems for people and problems with violent crime for communities.

In order to save their businesses, pubs are trying to change with the market. British pubs now offer something for everyone. A lot of pubs used to be “Working Men's Clubs”, meaning that women could not usually enter. Today, however, women can freely enter 99% of pubs without experiencing any problems. Perhaps things are changing for the better after all.

63. This passage is mainly about _______.

A. the past and present of British pubs                  B. the decline of British pubs

C. the long history of British pubs                      D. the importance of British pubs

64. Which may not be the cause of the decline of British pubs?

A. The credit crunch.                                       B. The ban of smoking.

C. The present closing time.                               D. Having no spare money.

65. We can infer from the passage that _______.      

A. British people used to like drinking slowly

B. closing the pubs early will reduce social problems

C. binge drinking means drinking less beer

D. British government aims to discourage people from binge drinking

66. We can see from the last paragraph that the author _______.

A. is against the admission of too many women to the pubs

B. holds an optimistic attitude towards the British pubs

C. thinks that women in the pubs will cause fewer social problems

D. thinks that British pubs should offer everything you need

 The Internet allows us quick ______ to all the data and research findings in the fields available worldwide.

   A. entrance          B. charge               C. access             D. advance

Pandas are _____ to the mountains of central China and only about 1,000 remain in the wild.

A. native   B. sensitive    C. relate   D. familiar

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下短文。短文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧), 并在此符号下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。

修改： 在错的词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处, 多者(从第11处起) 不计分。

Having a good teacher do mean a lot to us students and I am lucky enough to have one—Miss Brown, my English teacher. Miss Brown is an charming lady always wearing a big smile on in her face. In the first class she introduced her and then asked us to say something about ourselves with English. When it was my turn, I felt too shy and fearful that I didn’t dare to say a word. She came up to me and said, “Don’t afraid. You can make it. Just have a try.” At last, I did it quite good. She praised me for that I had done. Never shall I forgot my first English class in senior high school.

If one has never tasted bitter， he or she does not understand _____ is sweet.

A. that               B.which                C.who                   D.what

— Why didn’t you pay the bill for Tina?

— I offered to, ______ she refused.

A. and                      B. but                           C. or                            D. so

The woman who’s carrying a baby in her arms, _________aboard first．Don’t crowd in!

A．goes        B．went         C．go        D．going

 --- I’m going to Paris next week.        

 --- What a _______. So am I.      

A. pity               B. coincidence         C. accident               D. chance

I used to hate being called upon in class mainly because I didn’t like attention drawn to myself. And  36  otherwise assigned a seat by the teacher, I always  37  to sit at the back of the classroom.

All this  38  after I joined a sports team. It began when a teacher suggested I try out for the basketball team. At first I thought it was a crazy  39  because I didn’t have a good sense of balance, nor did I have the  40  to keep pace with the others on the team and they would tease me. But for the teacher who kept insisting on my “  41  for it”, I wouldn’t have decided to give it a try.

Getting up the courage to go to the tryouts was only the  42  of it! When I first started  43  the practice sessions, I didn’t even know the rules of the game, much  44  what I was doing. Sometimes I’d get  45  and take a shot at the wrong direction—which made me feel really stupid.  46  , I wasn’t the only one “new” at the game, so I decided to  47  on learning the game, do my best at each practice session, and not to be too hard on myself for the things I didn’t  48  “just yet”.

I practiced and practiced. Soon I knew the  49  and the “moves”. Being part of a team was fun and motivating. Very soon the competitive  50  in me was winning over my lack of confidence. With time, I learned how to play and made friends in the  51  --friends who respected my efforts to work hard and be a team player. I never had so much fun!

With my  52  self-confidence comes more praise form teachers and classmates. I have gone from “  53  “in the back of the classroom and not wanting to call attention to myself,  54  raising my hand—even when I sometimes wasn’t 100 percent  55  I had the right answer. Now I have more self-confidence in myself.

36. A. as                              B. until                        C. unless               D. though

37. A. hoped                        B. agreed                     C. meant               D. chose

38. A. continued                    B. changed                   C. settled               D. started

39. A. idea                           B. plan                        C. belief                D. saying

40. A. right                          B. chance                    C. ability               D. patience

41. A. going                         B. looking                    C. cheering            D. applying

42. A. point                          B. half                         C. rest                  D. basis

43. A. enjoying                     B. preparing                 C. attending           D. watching

44. A. less                           B. later                        C. worse               D. further

45. A. committed                  B. motivated                C. embarrassed      D. confused

46. A. Interestingly               B. Fortunately              C. Obviously         D. Hopefully

47. A. focus                         B. act                          C. rely                  D. try

48. A. want                          B. do                          C. support             D. know

49. A. steps                         B. orders                     C. rules                 D. games

50. A. role                           B. part                        C. mind                 D. value

51. A. process                      B. operation                 C. movement         D. situation

52. A. expressed                   B. improved                 C. preserved          D. recognized

53. A. dreaming                    B. playing                     C. relaxing             D. hiding

54. A. by                             B. for                          C. with                 D. to

55. A. lucky                         B. happy                     C. sure                  D. satisfied

 --- You look so young. Haven’t you graduated from your university?

    --- Yes, I _______ in the English Department of Zhejiang Normal University for four years.

      A. was studying             B. study                   C. had studied        D. studied

When the dog named Judy spotted the first sheep in her life，she did what comes naturally. The four-year-old dog set off racing after the sheep across several fields and, being a city animal, lost both her sheep and her sense of direction. Then she ran along the edge of a cliff and fell 100 feet, bouncing off a rock into the sea.

Her owner Mike Holden panicked and called the coastguard of Cornwall，who turned up in seconds. Six volunteers slid down the cliff with the help of a rope but gave up all hope of finding her alive after a 90­minute search.

Three days later，a hurricane hit the coast near Cornwall. Mr. Holden returned home from his holiday upset and convinced his pet was dead. He comforted himself with the thought she had died in the most beautiful part of the country.

For the next two weeks, the Holdens were heartbroken. Then, one day, the phone rang and Steve Tregear, the coastguard of Cornwall, asked Holden if he would like his dog back.

A birdwatcher, armed with a telescope，found the pet sitting desperately on a rock. While he sounded the alarm, a student from Leeds climbed down the cliff to collect Judy.

The dog had initially been knocked unconscious but had survived by drinking water from a fresh stream at the base of the cliff. She may have fed on the body of a sheep which had also fallen over the edge. “The dog was very thin and hungry,” Steve Tregear said. “It was a very lucky dog. She survived because of a plentiful supply of fresh water,” he added.

It was, as Mr. Holden admitted, “a minor miracle”．

21. The dog Judy fell down the cliff when she was ________.

A. rescuing her owner                               B. caught in a hurricane

C. blocked by a rock                                 D. running after a sheep

22. What can we infer from the text?

A. People like to travel with their pets.         B. Judy was taken to the fields for hunting.

C. Luck plays a vital role in Judy’s survival. D. Holden cared little where Judy was buried.

23.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A. Miracle of the Coastguard                    B. Surviving a Hurricane

C. Dangers in the Wild                             D. Coming Back from the Dead

As we all know, games play a very important role in the growth of children. Children should grow along with playing games; for, 61__________ playing games, they can not only acquire knowledge, but also develop their abilities to get along with others.

However, most children are 62__________ (face) with a completely different situation. Most parents fear that games will prevent children from increasing new knowledge and 63__________ the children will fail in the future examinations. So, instead of 64__________ (let) the children themselves find and learn naturally from their surroundings, they force their children to take part in 65__________ (variety) kinds of classes, learning English, playing 66__________ piano or practicing drawing, etc. What’s more, some parents put away the children’s toys which are very useful in developing children’s 67__________ (imagine) and practical abilities.

Here is a piece of good advice to those parents: 68__________ you want to expect your child to be able to accomplish something, you must first of all develop his ability to adapt 69__________ the new surroundings. That cram (填鸭式的) education can lead to nothing 70__________ a failure in the children’s growth.

文中共有10处语言错误，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号∧ ，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线﹨划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分.

Dear Sir，

Thank you for you offer of invite me to the summer English course in your school.As for your choice between the two courses,I prefer the four-week course for 60 hours of study.Because of this would allow me more times to do some travelling and make a few new friends either.Of all the subjects I’m learning at school,I like English best.I had been learning English for 6 years but my spoken English remains poorly.So I hope to take this chance to improve it.If is possible,I’d like to stay with a family for a couple of days in order I can know some customs in England.I believe I will have wonderful time this summer.

                                                         Yours truly,

                                                         Li Hua