Can electricity cause cancer? In a society that literally runs on electric power, the very idea seems ridiculous. But for more than a decade, a growing band of scientists and journalists has pointed to studies that seem to link exposure to electromagnetic fields(电磁场) with increased risk of leukemia(白血病) and other malignancies. The implications are unsettling, to say the least, since everyone comes into contact with such fields, which are generated by everything electrical, from power lines and antennas to personal computers and micro-wave ovens. Because evidence on the subject is inconclusive and often contradictory, it has been hard to decide whether concern about the health effects of electricity is reasonable --- or a kind of oversensitivity.

Now the alarmists have gained some qualified support from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. In the executive summary of a new scientific review, released in draft form late last week, the EPA has put forward what amounts to the most serious government warning to date. The agency tentatively concludes that scientific evidence “suggests a causal(因果关系的) link” between extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF) --- those having very longwave-lengths ---and leukemia, lymphoma and brain cancer. While the report falls short of classifying ELF fields as probable carcinogens(致癌物), it does identify the common 60-hertz magnetic field as “a possible, but not proven, cause of cancer in humans.”

　　The report is no reason to panic --- or even to lost sleep. If there is a cancer risk, it is a small one. The evidence is still so controversial that the draft stirred a great deal of debate within the Bush Administration, and the EPA released it over strong objections from the Pentagon and the White House. But now no one can deny that the issue must be taken seriously and that much more research is needed.

　　At the heart of the debate is a simple and well-understood physical phenomenon: When an electric current passes through a wire, it generates an electromagnetic field that exerts forces on surrounding objects, For many years, scientists dismissed any suggestion that such forces might be harmful, primarily because they are so extraordinarily weak. The ELF magnetic field generated by a video terminal measures only a few milligauss, or about one-hundredth the strength of the earth’s own magnetic field. The electric fields surrounding a power line can be as high as 10 kilovolts per meter, but the corresponding field induced in human cells will be only about 1 millivolt per meter. This is far less than the electric fields that the cells themselves generate.

　　How could such minuscule(极小的) forces pose a health danger? The consensus used to be that they could not, and for decades scientists concentrated on more powerful kinds of radiation, like X-rays, that pack sufficient wallop to knock electrons out of the molecules that make up the human body. Such “ionizing” radiations have been clearly linked to increased cancer risks and there are regulations to control emissions.

　　But epidemiological(流行病学的) studies, which find statistical associations between sets of data, do not prove cause and effect. Though there is a body of laboratory work showing that exposure to ELF fields can have biological effects on animal tissues, a mechanism by which those effects could lead to cancerous growths has never been found.

　　The Pentagon is far from persuaded. In a blistering 33-page critique of the EPA report, Air Force scientists charge its authors with having “biased(使倾向于) the entire document” toward proving a link. “Our reviewers are convinced that there is no suggestion that (electromagnetic fields) present in the environment induce or promote cancer,” the Air Force concludes. “It is astonishing that the EPA would approve the release of this report.” Then Pentagon’s concern is understandable. There is hardly a unit of the modern military that does not depend on the heavy use of some kind of electronic equipment, from huge ground-based radar towers to the defense systems built into every warship and plane.

62. The main idea of this passage is _______.

A. studies on the cause of cancer

B. controversial view-points in the cause of cancer

C. the relationship between electricity and cancer.

D. different ideas about the effect of electricity on caner.

63. Why did the Pentagon and White House object to the release of the report? Because _______.

A. it may stir a great deal of debate among the Bush Administration.

B. every unit of the modern military has depended on the heavy use of some kind of    electronic equipment.

C. the Pentagon’s concern was understandable.

D. they had different arguments.

64. It can be inferred from physical phenomenon _______.

A. the force of the electromagnetic field is too weak to be harmful.

B. the force of the electromagnetic field is weaker than the electric field that the cells generate.

C. electromagnetic field may affect health.

D. only more powerful radiation can knock electron out of human body.

65. What do you think ordinary citizens may do after reading the different arguments?

A. They are indifferent.                                          B. They are worried very much.

C. The may exercise cautious avoidance.       D. They are shocked.

As we have much time left, let’s discuss the matter ____ tea and cake.

A. over                        B. with                        C. by                          D. at

If Tom carries on working like that, he'll ________ sooner or later.

A．give out  B．keep out  C．hold out  D．wear out

 “The way we choose to respond when others make mistakes can cause them to feel ashamed or can allow them to remember our kindness and share our stories with future generations．”

——Michelle Sedas

When I read the above quote I couldn’t help but   41   Doris．She had been a science teacher by   42   ，but she also was a very   43   person．All around her room were dolls that she had made．They were the most interesting dolls I’d ever seen；each was very   44    from the other．   

By talking to Doris I learned she’d   45   a class in doll making．One day while I was in her room she took one of the dolls out of the case to   46   me．This doll was very   47    with fine artistic work．I was   48   that anyone could do such unique work．

As Doris was  49  the doll carefully in her hand，I could see a slight break in the skirt．I was   50  to know what happened．Doris said that on the way to class she   51   the side of the skirt．She expressed how scared she was and almost didn’t go to   52   at a11．When it came her  53  to show the doll to the teacher，she had to point out the   54  in the skirt．Doris felt for sure that the doll would be   55   because of it．Much to her surprise the teacher told her she was just going to   56   this break and grade the doll on the other good   57   it had．Doris shared that this remark and   58   from the teacher changed her life．

This teacher could have made Doris feel   59   by her mistake．But   60   her willingness to ignore the mistake，Doris was sharing her kindness with the next generation．

41．A．give up              B．call on         C．turn down      D．think of

42．A．profession                B．accident      C．birth              D．mistake

43．A．energetic                  B．generous           C．creative         D．conservative

44．A．far                      B．safe             C．free                      D．different

45．A．taken                        B．quitted         C．prepared              D．organized

46．A．flatter                 B．show                  C．comfort          D．upset

47．A．common             B．cheap                 C．expensive      D．unusual

48．A．disappointed              B．amazed       C．terrified         D．annoyed

49．A．turning               B．bending       C．mending               D．shaking

50．A．sorry                         B．proud          C．curious          D．content

51．A．burned               B．bumped       C．replaced               D．decorated

52．A．hospital              B．church         C．class             D．work

53．A．turn                    B．task             C．honor            D．choice

54．A．spot                   B．patch                  C．hole                      D．break

55．A．destroyed                 B．appreciated        C．rejected         D．removed

56．A．ignore                B．value                  C．notice            D．assess

57．A．talents               B．quantities           C．varieties               D．qualities

58．A．responsibility       B．attitude        C．habit              D．standard

59．A．ashamed                  B．shocked      C．puzzled          D．overjoyed

60. A．as for                   B．because of         C．despite of      D．apart from

Bursting into the classroom from recess, 15 children take their seats and face the woman they know as Ms. Yang.

    “What day is it today?” she asks, in Mandarin Chinese.

    “Confucius’ birthday!” the fifth graders shout in Mandarin.

    “Why do we celebrate Confucius’ birthday?”

“Because he’s the greatest teacher in the history of China!” exclaims a brown-haired girl. She is speaking Mandarin.

English is rarely heard in Lisa Yang’s class at the Chinese American International School(CAIS), despite the fact that few students are native speakers of Mandarin.

The United States is actively trying to increase the group of students in “critical languages” such as Mandarin. The students at CAIS are way ahead in such a trend.

Founded 25 years ago, this small private school in San Francisco, USA, does what few other American schools do: It produces fully fluent speakers of Mandarin Chinese, by far the most commonly spoken language in the world.

Mandarin Chinese is suddenly hot in American schools. As China becomes the world’s leading economy sometimes this century, schools in the U. S. are scrambling to add Mandarin to their list of foreign languages or expand Chinese programs already in place.

“It really is almost unprecedented. People are looking at China as a force to be reckoned with… And to ensure that the U. S. has the ability to conduct trade, and to work with the Chinese. Certainly having an understanding of Chinese language and culture is an advantage,” said Marty Abbott of the American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages(ACTFL).

To develop Chinese-language programs has not been smooth. A shortage of trained teachers has made it difficult for some schools to join the race. When schools do get teachers, they often hire them straight from China, and the teachers usually suffer culture shock when they come to the U. S.

Robert Liu remembers his first two years in an American classroom It was not an easy adjustment. “In China, students respect their teachers,” he said. Liu found that American students, however, expect an active teaching style. He had to use games to engage them rather than lectures.

To avoid many of the problems with foreign teaching styles, the CAIS has been working with the Chinese government to improve training of teachers who are sent to the U. S.

25. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

   A. Understanding Chinese language and culture is helpful to work with Chinese.

   B. Chinese-language programs have met trouble during the development.

   C. Many other American schools do the same as CAIS, founded 25 years ago.

   D. A lack of trained Mandarin Chinese teachers is a problem for the programs.

26. What kind of problem is the most difficult to adjust in teaching Chinese in America?

   A. To adapt themselves to the American life styles.

   B. To communicate with the American students.

   C. To get along well with the American students.

   D. To be fit for the cultural differences in teaching styles.

27. The meaning of the underlined word “scrambling” is similar to         .

A. climbing         B. rushing          C. changing          D. beating

28. It can be learned from the passage that        .

   A. the students in Lisa Yang’s class usually speak Chinese

B. There are few American students in Lisa Yang’s class

C. We celebrate Confucius’ birthday because he’s the greatest history teacher

D. in America the students don’t respect their teachers

假设英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文, 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文 中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处错误。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧）, 并在其下面写出该加的词。

 删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。

 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：

1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

 2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

When I was ten years old, I wanted to chat with foreigners. Therefore, I was very shy at that time. The followed year, I went to Yangzhou with two foreigners. I became his guide. First, we went to the Shouxi River and looked around the city by a boat. When we enjoy the sights, we all felt very exciting. After that, they went to buy souvenirs. The sellers couldn’t speak English. Though it was very hard, I tried my best to listen their words careful and translate the sentences. They bought some souvenirs under my help.

This wasn’t only a big challenge but also an unforgettable memory. The opportunity gave me more confident.

 _______ improving your brain takes work, the good news is there are some accessible ways to go about it. 

    A. When         B. Once            C. Since             D. While

 With the number of migrants rising sharply, Europe’s leaders have struggled to find solutions that can         both domestic political pressures and their legal and moral duties to shelter those migrants.

A. accommodate         B. guarantee           C. influence                  D. convince

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划—横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意： 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

      2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Dear American guests,

On behalf of our school, I would like to express our warm welcome to you. We are lucky to have us here in the middle of our English Week activities.

As being scheduled, we had English Talent Show today. The purpose of this programme is develop our interest in English learning and practical abilities in listening and spoken. The programme consists in the following activities: recitation, singing, word spelling, story told and so on. The Show will begin at two o’clock this afternoon at the Student Center. Dear guests, you are welcomed to take part in our activities. I hope we students will benefit great from your presence.

I sincerely hope you a pleasant time with us. Thank you.

Although I love my life, it hasn’t been a lot of fun as I’ve been ill for 28 years.

Music has always been a great love of mine and, in my 20s, when my   1   was more manageable , I  2    ten years as a professional singer in restaurants, playing and singing folk songs.   3    that was years ago and times have changed.   4    I live with mother on a country farm

Two years ago, I decided that I would need to have some kind of extra work to   5   my disability pension (残疾抚恤金).   6   I needed to sleep in the afternoons,  I was limited in my   7   . I decided that I would consider  8     to singing in restaurants.

My family are all musicians, so I was   9  when I went into our local music store. I explained that I wanted to sing again but using recorded karaoke music. I knew that discs were very expensive and I really didn’t have a lot of   10    to get started. And 11   you find only three to four songs out of ten on a disc that you can   12   use.

When I told the owner of the shop about my   13   ; he gave me a long thoughtful    14   . “This means a lot to you, doesn’ t it?” he said. “Come with me.”

He led me   15   the crowded shop and to a bench with a large professional karaoke box on it. He placed his large hand  16   on his treasure and said, “I have 800 karaoke songs in here. You can take your  17   and I’ll record them for you. That should get you started.”

I   18   . Thanking him, I made a time with him to listen to all the songs and choose   19  that I could sing. I have come full circle with his help.

His   20  still warms my heart and makes me do just that bit extra, when I have the chance.

1. A. loneliness             B. sadness                   C. tiredness                 D. sickness

2. A. set                    B. enjoyed                    C. kept                        D. shared

3. A. Gladly                  B. Eventually                C. Unfortunately           D. Surprisingly

4. A. Now                    B. Then                    C. Sometime                D. Meanwhile

5. A. add up to        B. make up for        C. get rid of          D. take advantage of

6. A. If                        B. As                       C. Though                  D. Before

7. A. movement           B. condition                 C. choices                   D. positions

8. A. reaching out     B. living up                  C. getting on                D. going back

9. A. recognized           B. interviewed              C. found                      D. invited

10. A. money                      B. time                        C. energy                     D. knowledge

11. A. thus                   B. once                        C. seldom                    D. often

12. A. actually              B. hardly                      C. nearly                      D. formerly

13. A. job                     B. family                      C. idea                        D. offer

14. A. face                   B. view                        C. look                        D. sight

15. A. over                   B. along                       C. towards                   D. through

16. A. unhappily           B. lovingly                   C. pitifully                    D. gratefully

17. A. pick                   B. turn                         C. role                         D. step

18. A. had to cry          B. ought to cry              C. should have cried     D. could have cried

19. A. more                 B. the ones                   C. few                         D. the rest

20. A. courage              B. devotion                  C. kindness                  D. trust

The human mind can        many tasks that other animals cannot, like using language and judging what other people are thinking．

    A． carry out        B． take out         C． put out          D． bring out

TEENSGIVING is an exciting yearly event where hundreds of New York City teens gather together annually for a remarkable day of community service. This year, TEENSGIVING in SPRING 2016 participants will once again better New York City and influence thousands of lives!

When is TEENSGIVING in SPRING 2016?

Sunday, April 20, 2016

Where is TEENSGIVING?

All over New York City. Everyone will meet at the 92nd Street Y(92nd and Lexington) at 9:00 AM for the event kick-off. Then, all TEENSGIVING volunteers will go across the city to work with our partnering agencies where they will make a HUGE difference and have fun!

Who participates in TEENSGIVING?

Hundreds of teenagers from around the city. Teens come from the 92nd Street Y, various city schools, youth groups, and organizations in the area. In addition, many adult volunteers (aged 21 and older) will donate their time to TEENSGIVING in SPRING 2016.

What projects do participants do at the agencies?

Sample projects include painting park benches, planting gardens, visiting and playing with poor and disabled children, assisting at animal shelters, working at soup kitchens, delivering meals and celebrating with families at homeless shelters.

Do I get anything for participating in TEENSGIVING?

Yes! Everybody benefits! Teen volunteers will receive "6 hours" of community service credit, good towards honor society, high school graduation and college application requirements. Adult volunteers will be thanked with a light breakfast, a gift certificate for their troubles, and the satisfaction of helping our city's youth contribute to their community. In addition, all teen and adult volunteers will receive a cool TEENSGIVING in SPRING 2016 T-shirt.

This sounds awesome！ How do I register for TEENSGIVING in SPRING 2016? Interested teens and/or adults should e-mail the TEENSGIVING Coordinator Josh Hyman at jhyman@92Y.org  < mailto:jhyman@92Y. org >  ( subject: TEENSGIVING)  to receive more information and to register for this fantastic event!

Teens can also contact their school's Community Service Advisor.

TEENSGIVING is sponsored by the 92nd Street Y.

1. TEENSGIVING is an event which is held ________.

A. twice every year    B. every two years

C. once every year    D. from time to time

2. What can the teenagers do in this event?

A. Give thanks to the adults.    B. Take good care of animals.

C. Clean the streets of New York.    D. Work for high schools and colleges.

3. An adult volunteer may get ________ for his time devoted to TEENSGIVING in SPRING 2016.

A. a T-shirt and a gift certificate

B. community service credit and a T-shirt

C. a high school certificate and a light breakfast

D. a gift certificate and community service credit

4. The writer’s purpose in writing this passage is to ________.

A. ask readers to donate their advice to TEENSGIVING in SPRING 2016

B. encourage readers to ask more questions about TEENSGIVING

C. introduce TEENSGIVING in SPRING 2016 to readers

D. inform readers of some frequently asked questions

A major source of teen stress is school exams, and test anxiety is not uncommon. When you recognize your teen is under stress, how can parents help your teen stay calm before an exam?

Be involved. Parents need to be involved in their teen’s work.  36 What they look for is your presence ― to talk, to cry, or simply to sit with them quietly. Communicate openly with your teen. Encourage your teen to express her worries and fears, but don’t let them focus on those fears.

Give them a nutritious diet. It is important for your teen to eat a healthy, balanced diet during exam times to focus and do her best.   37    If this happens, encourage your teen to eat light meals or sandwiches. A healthy diet, rather than junk food, is best for reducing stress.

  38   . Persuade your teenager to get some sleep and /or do something active when she needs a real break from studying. Making time for relaxation, fun, and exercise are all important in reducing stress. Help your teen balance her time so that she will feel comfortable taking time out from studying to spend time with friends or rest.

Help them get organized.   39   . Together, you and your teen can work out a time-table in which she can study for what she knows will be on the test.

Show a positive attitude.   40   Your panic, anxiety and blame contribute to your teen’s pressure. Make your teen feel accepted and valued for her efforts. Most importantly, reassure your teen that things will be all right, no matter what the results are.

A. A parent’s attitude will have effects on their teen’s emotions.

B. Exam stress can make some teens lose their appetite(胃口).

C. They will only make the situation worse.

D. Encourage your teen to relax.

E. The best thing is simply to listen.

F. Help your teen think about what she has to study and plan accordingly.

G. Your teen may also make negative comments about themselves.

The truth   61      trees are vital to our life is not a secret. They provide us with food, wood and most    62      (importance), oxygen. Now there is one more thing we can add to this list—blocking out harmful bacteria from water.

The discovery    63     (make) by a team consisting of scientists from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and high school students who were seeking a    64     (nature) water filter（过滤器）—one that would help communities in developing countries that do not have access to modern water filter systems.

The   65     (research), led by Professor Rohit Karnik, decided to turn to trees for help because they could allow liquid to flow through, while    66     (block) out air bubbles.

They began by cutting 1.5-inch-wide sections of tree bark from the branches of a white pine tree. The people related then tested the wood’s filtering ability by pouring water containing red dye particles of different sizes through.   67    their amazement, they found that it was effective in trapping all the articles.   68  (encourage), the team conducted  69     experiment, this time with water   70      contained bacteria. Sure enough, the sapwood held back 99% of the bacteria, allowing only 1% to flow through.

 As a common sense, children’s involvement in social activities, athletics and hobbies ________ just as important as academic achievement.

   A. is              B. are                 C. was                 D. were

As is known to all, we live in a world of germs（细菌）. It is impossible to avoid exposure. Genetic makeups may give some people ____41____ advantage over others. However, it does not stop people from becoming sick.

All of us have been a victim of an ____42____(ill) at some point in our lives. Moreover, it is likely that we ____43____(get) sick again in the future. Our best chances of avoiding sickness ____44____(be) by exercising and employing good _____45_____(habit).

While good hygiene and exercise serve as obvious advice to most people, eating _____46_____(healthy) is not always obvious. If you cannot define “healthy”, then your immune system will be happy ____47____(tell) you. The immune system is the foundation of our health. It works for us every day to keep us well. Ask _____48_____(you): “Are you making its job easier ____49____ harder?”

Like any system, the immune system is not different. It has a tolerance too. If you eat unhealthily, your immune system will make you aware of it.

Take a step in the right direction ____50____  including some healthy food in your diet.