假如你是李华。你看到美国留学生Sharon 在网上发贴，.希望有人能帮助她提高普通话

(Mandarin）水平，她可以教英语作为回报。请根据以下提示用英语给她写一封电子邮件。

1.表达给她提供帮助的意愿；        

2.说明你能胜任辅导的理由； 

3.给出讲好普通话的两点建议；     

4.提出你学习英语的具体需求。

 注意：

1.  词数120左右，开头语已为你写好；

2.  可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3.  文中不得透漏个人姓名和学校名称。

Hi Sharon,

This is Li Hua. I learned from your post that you want to improve your Mandarin______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

                                                            Li Hua

下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。

增加：在缺调处加一个漏字符号(∧）)，并在其下面写上该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。

注意：1每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。

2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

This summer I visited Yandangshan. When arriving by bus, I caught a sight of many mountains by looking through the mist, one of what was just like a sleeping baby from an angle. Later it looked like a strong man seeing from another.

What impressed me was the sunrise. Stood on the top of the mountain, I saw the sunshine giving out all directions. The green mountain in our eyes, the clouds in the sky, and the shocking expressions on people's faces formed a beautiful picture. As for me, nature hold me totally with its power.

The sceneries there made a great impression to me. I hope to go there again one day.

The two most common organizational patterns of the family are the nuclear family and the extended family. To a large extent, these patterns 41.________ a society's primary subsistence (存在) strategy.

American social scientists have generally agreed that families everywhere fulfill four crucial social 42.________ : (a) reproduction of new members, (b) child care, (c) socialization of children to values, traditions, and norms of the society, and (d) intimacy and support for members. Although we can define the family 43.________ its functions, the emphasis given to each of them varies widely both geographically and 44.________ . For example, in nineteenth-century America, people married mainly to have children. Today, emotional support among family members has now become the dominant function of the family, and the family has become an economic unit for consumption rather than for 45.________.

In recent years, social scientists have discovered important 46.________in family types, such as the single-parent family and the nuclear family fixed within a network of kin(亲戚). American families also 47.________ according to social class. A couple's social class affects the number of children they will decide to have, if any, and also the likelihood of 48.________to the family because of illness, death, or divorce. Social class also influences the amount of stress a marriage is likely to undergo and the way parents raise their children. 49.________, the extent to which American families now differ by 50.________appears to be much less than it was fifty years ago.

The American family has been 51.________ in a number of ways over the past few decades. Many people are marrying later, having children later, and having fewer children or none at all. These social changes have 52.________ diverse household patterns, including single-person households and childless couples. Role changes are also occurring as both partners pursue 53.________ and share family responsibilities.

  Many innovative family arrangements are attempts to enhance the commitment of marriage while increasing individual freedom and fulfillment. In this way, families are 54________ such broad social trends as delayed marriage, greater participation of women in the job market, and a rising rate of divorce. Undoubtedly, the American family will continue to be subjected to such pressures, but how 55.________ will these future adaptations be?

   One of the latest trends（趋势）in American Childcare is Chinese au pairs. Au Pair in Stamford, Conn, for example, has got increasing numbers of request for Chinese au pairs from zero to around 4,000 since 2004. And that’s true all across the country.

    “I thought it would be very useful for him to learn Chinese at an early age” Joseph Stocke, the managing director of a company, says of his 2-year old son. “I would at least like to give him the chance to use the language in the future,” After only six months of being cared by a 25-year-old woman from China, the boy can already understand basic Chinese daily expressions, his dad says.

    Li Drake, a Chinese native raising two children in Minnesota with an American husband, had another reason for looking for an au pair from China. She didn’t want her children to miss out on their roots.” Because I am Chinese, my husband and I wanted the children to keep exposed to(接触) the language and culture.” she says.

    “Staying with a native speaker is better for children than simply sitting in a classroom,” says Suzanne Flynn, a professor in language education of Children.” But parents must understand that just one year with an au pair is unlikely to produce wonders. Complete mastery demands continued learning until the age of 10 or 12.”

    The popularity of au pairs from china has been strengthened by the increasing numbers of American parents who want their children to learn Chinese. It is expected that American demand for au pairs will continue to rise in the next few years.

29. What does the term” au pair” in the text mean?

  A. A mother raising her children on her own

  B. A child learning a foreign language at home

  C. A professor in language education of children

  D. A young foreign woman taking care of children.

30. Li Drake has her children study Chinese because she wants them ______.

  A. to live in China some day

  B. to speak the language at home

  C. to catch up with other children

  D. to learn about the Chinese culture

31. What can we infer from the text?

  A. Learning Chinese is becoming popular in America.

  B. Educated woman do better in looking after children

  C. Chinese au pairs need to improve their English skills.

  D. Children can learn a foreign language well in six months.

In America, it is often the judges, rather than the politicians __________ make the big decision __________ will effect people’s life.

A. which; that    B. which; which

C. that; who      D. who; that

It was a hot, humid day, and my brother Walt and I had decided that the only way to survive it would be to go swimming in a deep swimming hole across Mr.Blickez’s pasture(牧场) and through some woods.

The only problem with our plan was that this pasture was guarded by a huge, mean Hereford bull. Mr.Blickez had told us that Elsie was the meanest bull in the township, maybe even the county, and we believed him. But the hotter it got, the more we thought there was something fishy about his claim. For one thing, we remembered Mr.Blickez liked telling tall tales; for another, Elsie seemed like an odd name for a bull.

Finally, I talked Mom into asking permission for us to walk through the pasture, but then another problem surfaced. Mom said she would talk to Mr.Blickez if we would take our cousin Joanie along with us. Joanie was almost two years older than me and a head taller. If her teasing ever got around my grade school, it would be all over for me. In fact, I still had a headache from a quarrel with her that morning. “I’m not going swimming with that dumb girl cousin.” I told my mom.

“Either Joanie goes with, or you stay home alone,” Mom said in her serious tone. I gave in and we set out. On our way across the pasture, Walt yelled suddenly. Elsie had approached him quietly and was licking(舔) his back. Joanie and I dove under the wire fence, but while I was on the ground I looked up and saw that Elsie wasn’t a big mean bull after all. She was going to keep licking my brother’s back as long as he stood still.

We had many good days growing up and visiting our secret swimming hole guarded by the so-called “big mean bull”. And as it turned out, for a girl cousin, Joanie hasn’t been too bad. She’s been one of my best friends over the years.

24. What’s the meaning of the underline word “fishy” in Paragraph 2?

A. Funny.                                 B. Interesting. 

C. Doubtful.                             D. Believable.  

25. What’s the second problem the author has to face?

A. His mother insisted on his cousin going with him.

B. His cousin made jokes on him in his grade school.

C. He quarreled with his cousin and had a headache.

D. His mother failed to ask permission for him.

26. What does the author think of Elsie in the end?

A. Aggressive.                          B. Unkind. 

C. Bad-tempered.                     D. Friendly.

27. What’s the passage mainly about?

A. The bull guarding Mr.Blickez’s farm.

B. The story of visiting the swimming hole.

C. How friendly the so-called mean bull was.

D. How the author changed his attitude to Joanie.

此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。短文中有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（ ∧  ），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多于的词用斜线（  \  ）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：

1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。

2. 只允许修改10处，多者（ 从第11处起）不计分。

Jim,

I am pleased to hear from you and I am written to tell you some changes in my school.

You are right. Great changes have been taken place in my school. It is no longer that it used to be three years ago, when there were only one teaching building and a playground. I am happy to tell you two new building have been built and are in use. One of them is a new classroom building, in it there are rooms for music, arts and computer teaching. The other is a library, where there are all kinds of books, newspapers and magazines. Therefore, my school is well equipped about sports facilities and musical instruments. The number of students has also grown from 1,500 to 2,500. What’s more, we had planted a lot of trees and flowers in and around the school.

I believe my school become better and better, and I hope you will visit my school again.

Yours,

Li Hua

Name: Sam Champion

  Hot job: TV Weatherman

  Where: WABC-TV, New York City

  When you were a child, did you plan to forecast wind, rain, and snow on TV?

I want to be a foreign journalist. I took courses in weather science at Eastern Kentucky University, but I majored in broadcasting news

  How did you finally become a weatherman?

  My first job in the early 80’s was at the local TV station in Paducah, Kentucky. I did everything from turning on the lights in the morning to writing and delivering morning news. I put together weather forecasts, and become interested in them.

  Back then, how did you forecast weather?

  Independent companies collected computer information that showed, for example, how a single weather system might split into snow or snow mixed with rain. The information was often opposite and the job of a weather man was to study the information and make the best educated guess about the storm

  Has weather forecasting changed much with new technology?

  Advanced computers, satellites, and Doppler radar（sound waves used to track storms）have made forecasting more exact. But we still know very little about how weather is shaped. So far, we just have theories.

  Any advice for children who’d like to become weather scientists?

To me, weather is the most exciting filed in the world. There are still so many more questions about weather than answers. After all, if we can’t foresee floods or hurricanes, how safe a society are we? Weather forecasting is wide open for scientists who love to solve puzzling problems. The next generation of meteorologists will unlock many of Earth science, and study meteorology in college

  Thanks, Sam

32. Judging from the writing style, the text is_______.

 A. a diary     B. an interview     C. a news story             D. an announcement

33. As a child, ABC-TV’s Sam Champion wanted to be a _______.

 A. space scientist          B. weatherman   C. news reporter          D. meteorologist

34. Present weather forecasting technology_______.

 A. has made weather report more exact than ever         B. is still not perfect

 C. hasn’t changed much in the last 50 years                 D. both A and B

35. The study of weather science is called_______.

A. meteorology               B. forecasting        C. geography    D. earth science

_{How to Improve Eyesight Naturally}

    _{Eyes are important for everybody．You must take care and try everything in your hand to keep them in good condition．Here are some of the tips to improve your eyesight naturally．}

        ₁   

_{Strain is known to be a factor in many health conditions and eyestrain is no exception．Try meditation，yoga or other methods of stress relief to improve your vision and overall health．}

_{Try palming．}

_{Sit upright in a comfortable chair．   2     Cup your hands so that there is no pressure on your eyes．Let your fingers rest across your forehead．There should be no light entering your eyes．Palming should be done for a period of 5 to 10 minutes to start．Palming should be relaxing．It may help to do palming in a darkened room．}

_{Avoid sugar as much as possible．}

_{3     It will unpleasantly affect your eyesight，which affects the eyes by producing a larger amount of insulin (胰岛素) in the blood．Therefore you shouldn’t be having much fruit juice or something that contains a lot of sugar．}

_{Exercise your eyes．}

_{The only exercise most eyes get is that daily rubbing we give them when we're tired or suffering from eyestrain．But eye exercises are actually good for your eyes and can improve your vision．   4     Blink as fast as you can for a few seconds then close your eyes tightly，open and repeat．Do this exercise 3 to 4 times daily．}

_{Eat healthy．}

_{You probably hear that statement all the time but eating the right foods are necessary to good health．   5     Foods that are high in fiber，vitamin C，D and beta carotene as well as other vitamins and minerals can help improve your vision．Here are a few foods that can be beneficial to good vision: carrots，eggs，blueberries，spinach，kale，grapes，and fresh garlic．}

_{A．Reduce eyestrain．}

_{B．Keep your eyes moist．}

_{C．Sugar is your eye’s worst enemy．}

_{D．Give your eyes a workout with the following exercise．}

_{E．You may not be aware that your diet affects your vision but it does．}

_{F．Close eyes and cover them with the palms of your hands．}

_{G．Be sure to get plenty of sleep so your eyes don’t strain to stay open during the day．}

A driver stopped his car on a street side to have a rest. As he lay down in the seat and closed his eyes, a person came up and knocked at the window to ask the time. The driver opened his eyes and looked at his watch. “It’s 8:05,” he said. Then he went to sleep again. But soon he was waken up again because a second person was knocking at the window. “Sir, do you know the time?” he asked. The driver looked at his watch, and told him it was half past eight.

In this way, the driver thought he could not have a good rest, so he wrote a short note and stuck(粘贴) it on the window for all to see. It said, “I don’t know the time.”

Again, he lay down in the seat for his sleep. A few minutes later, a third person came and began to knock at the window, “Hey, sir,” he said. “It’s 8:45.”

25．How long had the driver been there when the third person called him?

A. 40 minutes.      B. 25 minutes.

C. 50 minutes.     D. 70 minutes.

26．Why did the driver write a note and stick it on the window?

A. Because he didn’t know the time.

B. Because he didn’t want anybody to trouble him.

C. Because he needed somebody to wake him up.

D. Because he wanted somebody to tell him the time.

27．The third person knocked at the window to _____.

A. ask him the time

B.  ask him not to sleep

C. see if the driver was sleeping

D.  tell him what time it was

28．What do you think of the third person?

A. Cold-hearted.      B. Helpful.

C. Thankful.          D. Hopeful.

---Tell us, Mark, what is the cause of the American Civil War?

---Well, is it _______the black slaves wanted freedom?

A． how                   B． why

C． because             D． when

Drinking more than two alcoholic drinks daily in middle-age may raise your stroke(中风) risk more than traditional factors such as high blood pressure and diabetes（糖尿病）, according to new research in the American Heart Association journal Stroke.

   In a study of 11,644 middle-aged Swedish twins who were followed for 43 years, researchers compared the effects of an average of more than two drinks daily ("heavy drinking") to less than half a drink daily ("light drinking").

The study showed that:

·Heavy drinkers had about a 34 percent higher risk of stroke compared to light drinkers.

·Mid-life heavy drinkers (in their 50s and 60s) were likely to have a stroke five years earlier in life irrespective of genetic and early-life factors.

·Heavy drinkers had increased stroke risk in their mid-life compared to well-known risk factors like high blood pressure and diabetes.

·At around age 75, blood pressure and diabetes appeared to take over as one of the main influences on having a stroke.

Past studies have shown that alcohol affects stroke risk, but this is the first study to pinpoint differences with age. "We now have a clearer picture about these risk factors----how they change with age and how the influence of drinking alcohol shifts as we get older," said Pavla Kadlecová, M.Sc., a statistician at St. Anne's University Hospital's International Clinical Research Center in the Czech Republic.

Researchers analyzed results from the Swedish Twin Registry of same-sex twins who answered questionnaires in 1967-1970. All twins were under age 60 at the start. By 2010, the Registry had provided 43 years of follow-up, including hospital discharge(出院) and cause of death data.

Researchers then sorted(整理) the data based on strokes, high blood pressure, diabetes and other cardiovascular (心血管)incidents. Almost 30 percent of participants had a stroke. They were categorized(将……分类) as light, moderate, heavy or non-drinkers based on the questionnaires. Researchers compared the risk from drinking and health risks like high blood pressure, diabetes and smoking. Among identical twin pairs, siblings(兄弟姐妹) who had a stroke drank more than their siblings who hadn't had a stroke, suggesting that mid-life drinking raises stroke risks regardless of genetics and early lifestyle.

The study is consistent (一致)with the American Heart Association's recommended limit of two drinks a day for men and one for women. That's about 8 ounces of wine for a man and 4 ounces for a woman.

Regular heavy drinking of any kind of alcohol can raise blood pressure and cause heart failure or irregular heartbeats over time, in addition to stroke and other risks. "For mid-aged adults, avoiding more than two drinks a day could be a way to prevent stroke in later productive age ," Kadlecová said.

33．Who might be the target readers of the passage?

A. People who have suffered a stroke    

B. People who like drinking

C. People who have high blood pressure  

D. People who have twin siblings

34．What do we know about the study in the passage?

A. It revealed five related results

B. It lasted for a period of over 50 years

C. It involved the age factor in the causes of strokes

D. It included 11,644 Australian twins as participants

35． The underlined part “irrespective of” in the passage can best be replaced by “_________”.

A. in favor of       B. in terms of

C. instead of        D. regardless of

36． What does the passage mainly tell us?

A. People without a stroke can drink more alcohol than those having a stroke in middle age

B. There is a higher possibility that heavy drinkers will have a stroke in middle age

C. Drinking alcohol has been regarded as the most dangerous factor in strokes

D. The amount of alcohol taken by men should be twice than that taken by women.

She can speak _______ in front of Mack, but she can’t eat ______ in his restaurant.

A. free, free  B. free, freely

C. freely, free       D. freely, freely

Some people say that friendship is the only channel through which human beings can ever experience the value of life. In our daily life, it is likely that you share some common interests with others—they may like the same sport, go to the same school or like the same kind of music as you do. Since you often meet them, they become your acquaintances. Although some people develop many acquaintances, only a few become their good friends in their lifetime because there are differences between acquaintances and friends.

It is said that true friendship begins when someone knows what you are really like, but still likes you anyway. A true friend shows loyalty from the very beginning of the relationship. A friend will go through challenges to help you without expecting anything in return. A“friend”today may probably become a“true friend” tomorrow when they get involved in unexpected circumstances together with you—for example, when you are going through a difficult experience and your friend is there to help you out. However, some acquaintances might leave you when you badly need their help. At this time, you can experience what true friendship is.

    In our life, some people seem to go through life with plenty of friends. They may be funny or they may have a bright and pleasant personality. For these people, wherever they go, people seem to like them and welcome their company. But when they go through challenging life experiences, some of their friends are not there to help them. Therefore we can say some of their friends are not real friends and their friendship is just skin-deep.

However, others seem to go through life with no friends at all. They like to be alone, to travel by themselves or to do their own thing. It’s a pity that few of these people find success in life because they have no friends. They lack the best gift in life—friendship. 51. Which of the following statements about acquaintances is TRUE?

A. They have all of the same interests as you do.

B. You seldom meet them in your life.

C. They are sure to become your good friends.

D. Not all of them can become your friends.

52. According to the passage you may get to know the meaning of friendship better when you_______.

A. go to the same school as your friend

B. get into trouble

C.enjoy the same kind of music as your friend

D. see your friend often

53.We know from the passage that_______.

A.it doesn't matter if one has friends or not.

B.people with bright personality are easy to have friends.

C.people without friends are always unhappy.

D.it's easier to lose a friend than get one.

54. What does the underlined word ”skin-deep” in the third paragraph mean?

A. Very deep.

B. Not deep at all

C. As precious as skin

D. Hidden under the skin

55. What’s the writer’s attitude towards people without friends in their life?

A. Interested

B. Angry

C. Hopeful

D. Regretful

假定英主事课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请您修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语文错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜钱（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：

1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2．只充许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

      Mr. Johnson is a hardworking teacher. Every day, he spends too much time with his work. With little sleep and hardly any break, so he works from morning till night. Hard work have made him very ill. “He has ruined his healthy. We are worried about him.” That is which other teachers say. Yesterday afternoon. I paid visit to Mr. Johnson. I was eager to see him, but outside her room I stopped. I had to calm myself down. Quietly I step into the room. I saw him lying in bed, looking at some of the picture we had taken together. I understood that he missed us just as many as we missed him.

----- I'm going to San Francisco for a couple of days.

          ------ ________. I wish I could get away for a while.

   A. It doesn't matter     B. Forget it       C. I really envy you     D. I can't agree more

 You should read the 　　　 carefully before you take the medicine. 

A. instruction                    B. instructions

C. introductions                D. explanations

A new study shows students who write notes by hand during lectures perform better on exams than those who use laptops.

Students are increasingly using laptops for note-taking because of speed and legibility （清晰 度）. But the research has found laptop users are less able to remember and apply the concepts they have been taught.

Researchers performed experiments that aimed to find out whether using a laptop increased the tendency to make notes “mindlessly” by taking down word for word which the professors said.

In the first experiment, students were given either a laptop or pen and paper. They listened to the same lectures and were told to use their usual note-taking skills. Thirty minutes after the talk, they were examined on their ability to remember facts and on how well they understood concepts.

The researchers found that laptop users took twice as many notes as those who wrote by hand. However, the typists performed worse at remembering and applying the concepts. Both groups

scored similarly when it came to memorizing facts.

The researchers’ report said, “While more notes are beneficial, if the notes are taken

mindlessly, as is more likely the case on a laptop, the benefit disappears.”

In another experiment aimed at testing long-term memory, students took notes as before but were tested a week after the lecture. This time, the students who wrote notes by hand performed significantly better on the exam.

These two experiments suggest that handwritten notes are not only better for immediate

learning and understanding, but that they also lead to superior revision in the future.

8. More and more students favor laptops for note-taking because they can ____________.

   A. write more notes

   B. digest concepts better

   C. get higher scores

   D. understand lecture better

9. While taking notes, laptop users tend to be ________________.

   A. skillful    B. tireless    C. thoughtful    D. mindless

10. The author of the passage aims to _________________.

   A. examine the importance of long-term memory

   B. stress the benefit of taking notes by hand

   C. explain the process of taking notes

   D. promote the use of laptops

11. The passage is likely to appear in _________________.

   A. a finance report

   B. a computer textbook

   C. a science magazine

   D. a newspaper advertisement

      The Zebra Finch ： An Owner ’s  Guide to a Happy Healthy Pet

  The zebra finch，a native of Australia，is a popular domestic pet in the United States. The bird has many attributes (特性)which allow it to be kept at home，though there are also a few negative aspects. The attributes are nest-building， breeding and a lively attitude. The potential negatives are over- breeding and the wildness of the birds.

  One of the main attributes of zebra finches is their ability to breed. They are the rabbits of the domestic bird world. Once you have two birds, male and female, you will soon have six, as they breed quite easily and have strong babies, usually four at a time. An added attribute is their ability to build their own nests. You can place branch in their place along with some kind of structure, and they will create a nest on their own. It’s very pleasant to see the ways males and females divide some labors and share others, and the babies grow up quickly. Overall, zebra finches are energetic birds, and they can make every place where they live delightful lives.

  On the negative side, they will breed and in-breed. Often, in-breeding does little harm and does not cause genetic defects (缺陷），as happens more often in other species. However, no one can tolerate just any population level. One has to either remove their nests

altogether, which basically removes their personal living place, or check for eggs regularly once a week (the gestation period 妊娠期 is 13 days, so even a one-week neglect can lead to births). Eggs can be replaced with false plastic eggs，and this prevents females from laying too many. If they do lay too many, they will die from mineral loss. Since these birds do not tame well, removing eggs can be an unpleasant process of repeatedly invading their personal space.

  Overall, it is unfortunate that zebra finches are inexpensive birds due to their high level of breeding. They require considerable care to live happy lives. The best care-takers are true avian fanciers — people who have appropriate space for the nests and enough time to allow them to nest-build and breed without over-breeding.

28.  What is the passage mainly about?

A.    Zebra finches over-breed by nature and its consequent ill effects.

B.    Only people who love birds can take care of Zebra finches.

C.    Domestic zebra finches require a lot of care to live happy lives.

D.    Zebra finches never become completely tame.

29.  By saying “They are the rabbits of the domestic bird world”，the writer means that both

rabbits and Zebra finches  .

A.    have good ability to breed

B.    are difficult to be raised

C.    live delightful lives

D.    share responsibilities

30.  According to the passage, attributes of domestic zebra finches include       —.

A.    their rareness and easiness to be tamed      *

B.    their nest-building，sharing of responsibilities and delightful personalities

C.    their in-breeding, which does not cause as much genetic harm as in other species

D.    the fact that they are from Australia and have difficulty in adapting themselves

Robots industry is developing so rapidly that there is no denying that we may one day find ourselves surrounded by robots.

The humanoid (human like) robots with two legs such as Honda Motor Co. Ltd’s ASIMO would likely have an easier time climbing up stairs inside homes than a robot that moves on wheels, developers say. But it will be some time before such devices make their way into people’s homes. [“They may look smart, but they are still quite stupid,” Shimoyama said. “I don’t think they will ever be as smart as humans.”

While safety is an obvious concern, robots also need to be sensitive to people’s needs. Researchers at Fujitsu Frontech Ltd and Fujitsu Laboratories responsible for developing “Enon”, a guide and patrol (巡逻) robot designed for use in shopping malls and corporate facilities (公共场所), are working on this.

Enon, which has a humanoid upper body but no legs, is equipped with a touch screen on its chest and space in its stomach to carry loads weighting up to 10 kg.

In guide mode, it will check a newcomer and approach the person with a nod and a greeting: “Are you a visitor? Hello.”

Visitors requiring directions can point to icons (图标) displayed on Enon’s chest screen. If the restroom icon is pressed, the screen will display a map that shows the way.

The robot will then face and point in the direction of the restroom, although it won’t actually walk the visitor there.

Enon is now in use at four locations in Japan, including a shopping mall near Tokyo. The main goal is to make it more helpful for the elderly.

“People who work in the transportation sector often ask whether we can build a robot that will find elderly people who look lost in train stations, and ask them if they are all right,” said Toshihido Marita, director of Fujitsu Laboratories Ltd’s autonomous system laboratory. “Actually that is hard to do, very hard,” he said.

29. What can we know about robots according to the text?

 A. They will replace human one day.    

 B. They are difficult to control.     

 C. They can do whatever humans do.         

 D. They will be widely used in our life.

30. What does Shimoyama think of robots?

  A. Safe.      B. Friendly.      C. Stupid.      D. Kind-hearted.

31. What is people’s concern about robots?

  A. Safety.    B. Appearance.    C. Weight.     D. Size.

32. What can be the best title of the passage?

  A. The disadvantages of robots.    B. The development and use of robots.           

  C. The benefits that robots bring.   D. The history of robots.