Don’t call me at the office ______ it is necessary.

A. before           B. unless         C. although       D. till

随着科技的发展，越来越多的人们用手机给自己拍照片，并分享到互联网上，请就此现象写一篇120词左右的短文，要求如下：

1.       简单阐述此现象；

2.       分析这一现象的原因；

3.       你的看法。

参考词汇：selfie (n.) 自拍；自拍照【答案】

 The police officer wants to know what measures_________ to find the murderer as soon as possible.

   A. to take       B. to be taken    C. taken       D. being taken

Welcome to your future life!

You get up in the morning and look into the mirror. Your face is firm and young-looking. In 2035, medical technology is better than ever. Many people your age could live to be 150, so at 40, you’re not old at all. And your parents just had an anti-aging treatment. Now, all three of you look the same age!

       You say to your shirt, “Turn red.” It changes from blue to red. In 2035, “smart clothes” contain particles(粒子) much smaller than the cells in your body. The particles can be programmed to change clothes’ color or pattern.

        You walk into the kitchen. You pick up the milk, but a voice says, “You shouldn’t drink that!” Your fridge has read the chip (芯片) that contains information about the milk. and it knows the milk is old. In 2035, every article of food in the grocery store has such a chip.

        It’s time to go to work. In 2035, cars drive themselves. Just tell your “smart car” where to go. On the way, you can call a friend using your jacket sleeve. Such “smart technology” is all around you. So will all these things come true? “For new technology to succeed.” says scientist Andrew Zolli. “it has to be so much better that it replaces what we have already.” The Internet is one example － what will be the next?

25. We can learn from the text that in the future __________.

A. people will never get old                 B. everyone will look the same

     C. red will be the most popular color       D. clothes will be able to change their pattern

26. What can be inferred from Paragraph 3?

      A. Milk will be harmful to health.   

B. More drinks will be available for sale.

     C. Food in the grocery store will carry electronic information.

D. Milk in the grocery store will stay fresh much longer.

27. Which of the following is mentioned in the text?

      A. Nothing can replace the Internet.        B. Fridges will know what people need.

      C. Jacket sleeves can be used as a guide.   D. Cars will be able to drive automatically.

If you’re looking for a challenging situation to practice your English, pick up the phone. Not being able to see the other person and the body language can make the chatting difficult.            36       Here are some tips to guide you through an average phone conversation in English.

1. Greetings

Every phone call should begin with a polite greeting such as “Hi, how’ve you been?” or “Nice to hear from you”. Even if you’re calling a business contact for a specific purpose, it’d be rude to jump right into business.    37    

2. Getting to the point

There always comes the point where you want to move on from friendly chatting and get down to business. What should you do in this situation?      38     However, if you are waiting to find out why someone called you, you can guide the conversation by saying “So what can I do for you?” 

3. Interrupting without offence

Sometimes you may happen to be speaking with a very talkative person.     39    Keep in mind when you’d like to interrupt, be sure to do it politely. For example, begin with “I’d like to say something here”．

4. Closing the call

This can be the trickiest part of the conversation! It may be the time to offer good wishes such as good luck on that interview or hope you feel better soon if it’s appropriate.     40     Sometimes it’s easiest to just say you enjoyed speaking to the other person. Also remember cleverly saying the word well at the beginning of a sentence can indicate you’re ready to end the conversation.

A. So it may be difficult to get a word in.

B. Practice English through phone calls.

C. Never fear, though!

D. Use the phrase “I’m just calling to...” to change to the topic at hand.

E. Additionally, you may want to confirm any plans you’ve made.

F. You should make a little small talk at the beginning.

G. You’d better greet him or her in a friendly way.

Once upon a time,there was a man  61  was very wealthy.He wanted to do something for the people in his village.  62  that,he wanted to find out whether,they deserved his help.

In the center of the main road into the village,he placed  63  very large stone.Then he  64 （hide）behind a tree and waited.Soon an old man came along with his horse.

“Who put this stone in the center of the road?”said the old man,but he did not try to remove the stone.Instead,with some difficulty he passed around the stone and continued on his way.  65  man came along and did the same thing;then another came,and another.All of them complained about the stone but not tried to remove  66  .Late in the afternoon a young man came along.He saw the stone,  67  （say）to himself,“The night  68  （be）very dark.Some neighbors will come along later in the dark and will fall against the stone.”

Then he began to move the stone.He pushed and pulled with all his  69  （strong）to move it.How great was his surprise at last!  70  the stone,he found a bag of money.

 On 5 December 2013, China Central Bank prohibited financial institutions from handling Bitcoin transactions,          to regulate the virtual currency. 

A. moved              B. to move         C. having moved             D. moving

   假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

     增加：把缺词处加一个漏符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

     删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

     修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

     注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

           2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

                 3. 请严格按照以上要求修改，否则不给分。

Mary is a 16-year-old high school student, who devoted herself to her lessons every day. Last Saturday, as usual, she went to several class. In the evening, she continued to study until deeply into the night. She was too sleepy and tired that she couldn’t work effectively. In Sunday morning, she was about to do her lessons while her father came up and advised her to take a break. Soon they came up a good idea. We decided to go cycling in the countryside. Mary had great fun, competing and chatting with her father, and felt relaxing in the open air. On Monday, Mary was energetic but active in class.

Food festivals around the world

Stilton Cheese Rolling

May Day is a traditional day for celebrations, but the 2,000 English villagers of Stilton must be the only people in the world who include these rolling in their annual plans. Teams of four,dressed in a variety of strange and funny clothes , roll a complete cheese along a 50-metre course. On the way, they must not kick or throw their cheese, or go into their competitors' lane. Competition is fierce and the chief prize is a complete Stilton cheese weighing about four kilos (disappointingly, but understandably the cheeses used in the race are wooden ones). All the
competitors arc served with beer or port wine, the traditional accompaniment for Stilton cheese.
Fiery Foods Festival-The Hottest Festival on Earth

Every year more than 10,000 people head for the city of Albuquerque, New Mexico. They come from as far away as Australia, the Caribbean and China, but they all share a common addiction-food that is not just spicy ,but hot enough to make your mouth burn, your head spin and your eyes water. Their destination is the Fiery Food and BBQ Festival which is held over a period of three clays every March. You might like to try a chocolate-covered habanero pepper-officially the hottest pepper in the world-or any one of the thousands of products that are on show. But one thing's for sure-if you don't like the feeling of a burning tongue, this festival isn't for you!
La Tomatina-The World's Biggest Food Fight

On the last Wednesday of every August, the Spanish town of Bunol hosts Ea Tomatina-the world's largest food fight. A week-long celebration leads up to an exciting tomato battle as the highlight of the week's events. The early morning sees the arrival of large trucks with tomatoes-official fight-starters get things going by casting tomatoes at the
crowd.

The battle lasts little more than half an hour, in which time around 50,000 kilograms of tomatoes have been thrown at anyone or anything that moves, runs, or fights back. Then everyone heads down to the river to make friends again-and for a much-needed wash!

25. In the Stilton cheese rolling competition, competitors on each team must... .

A.  wear various formal clothes

B.  roll a wooden cheese in their own lane

C.  kick or throw their cheese

D. use a real cheese weighing about four kilos

26.Where is the Fiery Food and BBQ Festival held?

A. In New Mexico.   B. In the Caribbean.    C. In Australia.           D. In China.

27.The celebration of La Tomatina lasts..................... .

A. three days    B. seven days     C. less than three days    D. more than seven days

28.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

   A. The chief prize for the Stilton cheese rolling competition is beer or port wine.

   B.More than 10,000 Chinese take pail in the Fiery Food and BBQ Festival.

   C. Thousands of spicy foods are on show in the Fiery Food and BBQ Festival.
   D. An exciting tomato battle takes place at the beginning of La Tomatina.

 Sales director is a position ______ communication ability is just as important as sales skills.

  A. which                B. whose                 C. when                    D. where

       Question: I have recently got a senior position within my company. One of my new tasks is to make monthly progress reports on my department in front of other senior officials. During my first meeting, I presented my ideas and then was open to questions.  36  . My first reaction was to answer defensively. Later, I realized that I shouldn't feel that way. But how can I keep cool and effectively answer questions in this type of settings?

       Answer:  Congratulations on your new position! Presenting in front of your peers is a hard task in itself, and it becomes much more difficult when a question-and-answer period is required. Question and-answer periods are a great way to clarify the message and strengthen key points.   37  .

●  38  .

       When a person is asking a question, show interest and a desire to understand the question by listening and asking for clarification*

● Buy time.

       When facing a hard question, most people can't give an answer immediately. Buy time by repeating the question in your own words.  39  . These techniques allow you to quickly organize your thoughts as well as to make sure you will be correctly answering the question.

● Suggest a private meeting.

   A one-on-one meeting is a calmer setting than speaking in front of your peers.  40  .

A. Here are some ideas that can help you prepare for your next meeting.

B. You may also ask for explanation on the question.

C. It can also be more effective in exchanging ideas.

D. There were many difficult questions.

E. Some ideas can be quite concrete.

F. Restate the question with respect.

G. Show your true interest.

When I was a child, I often dreamed of the time when I could leave home and escape to the city. We lived on a farm and, in the winter especially, we were quite cut off from the outside world. As soon as I left school, I packed my bags and moved to the capital. However, I soon discovered that city life has its problems too.

One big disadvantage is money---it costs so much to go out, not to mention basics like food and housing. Another disadvantage is pollution. I suffer from asthma(哮喘), and at times the air is so bad that I am afraid to go outside. Then there is the problem of travelling round. Although I have a car, I seldom use it because of the traffic jams. One choice is to go by bicycle, but that can be quite dangerous.

Of course there are advantages. First, there is so much to do in the city, whatever your tastes in culture or entertainment. Besides, there are wonderful jobs and greater chances of moving to a more important job or position. Finally, if you like shopping, the variety of goods is very surprising---and, what is more, shops are often only a short walk away.

Is life better then, in the city? Perhaps it is, when you are in your teens(十几岁) or twenties. However, as you get older, and especially if you have small children, the peace of the countryside may seem preferable. I certainly hope to move back there soon.

21. What was the writer always thinking about when he was a child?

A. Staying on the farm                                B. Moving to the countryside

C. Leaving home for the city                        D. Running away from the school

22. Which of the following is true about the writer?

  A. He is very old now.                                 B. He is in good health.

C. He prefers driving a car.                                 D. He lives in the city now.

23. In the passage, the writer tries to _______.

     A. express his opinions about way of life     B. describe his life in the countryside

C. show an interest in the outside world              D. persuade the reader to live in the city

24. How is the passage mainly developed?

A. By inferring                            B. By comparing          

C. By listing examples            D. By giving explanations

Nowadays people are not so excited by parties and social gatherings. This is not because of having no desire to socialize, but because of smartphones.

When they are gathering together, more people are on their smartphones than on their drinks. According to a recent International Data Corporation study, well over half of all Americans have a smartphone and reach for it the moment they wake up, keeping it in hand all day. In addition, too much of society is using smartphones while driving and as a result getting into car crashes. 34 percent of teens admit to text while driving, and they confirm that text messaging is their number one driving interruption. People's attachment to their smartphones is unbelievably becoming more important than the lives of themselves and others.

Just as drivers ignore the importance of focusing while on the road, many people also fail to recognize the significance of human interaction. When with their friends, some people pointlessly check or send text messages in the presence of a friend, which sends a message to that friend: the person I am texting is more important than you. In addition, relying on our smartphone to make friends does not give us the same advantage as being able to make new friendships in the real world. Face-to-face conversations will give us much stronger communication skills in the long run.

As many people risk their lives and the lives of people around them just to send a text or mindlessly check their massages, smartphones are in many ways more dangerous to people. The quality of this technology is de-advancing societal achievements and weakening the value of communication. Not only is the smartphone affecting our desire to interact (交流) face-to-face but it is also lowering society's ability to communicate.

8. The purpose of this text is to ______.

A. express a concern about the overuse of the smartphone　

B. call for an end to use the smartphone while driving

C. appeal to us to pay attention to communication skills

D. advise us to be cautious about the addiction to the smartphone

9. The second paragraph is developed by ______.

A. listing figures B. giving examples  C. analyzing the effects  D. comparing facts

10. The author advocates us to make new friends ______.

A. under a free circumstance   B. by using smartphones

C. in different ways     D. in a face-to-face way

11. Over dependence on the smartphone leads to the fact that ______.

　A. parties and gatherings limit their social circle

B. people are more and more narrow-minded

C. people's communication skills are weakened

D. face-to-face communication becomes less important

 —Hi, Maria! I got the first place in the exam.

—　　　!Everyone knows you cheated and you just copied Tony’s. 

A. Congratulations　　　            B. Cheer up　　　　

C. Come on　　　　　              D. Good luck

 In more recent decades, California has become __________ home to more people from Asia.

A. a                    B. an

C. the                  D /

 Don’t think of yourself as____,As the proverb goes “____is the mother of success.” If you work hard, you’ll succeed sooner or later.

A. failure; A failure                     B. a failure; A failure

C. failure; Failure                      D. a failure; Failure

    Tulou, the special residential architecture of Fujian Province was included on the UNESCO’s World Heritage List during the 32nd session of the World Heritage Committee in Quebec, Canada.

       In the fourth century, Han Chinese living in the Central Plains area began to migrate south, gradually gathering in Fujian and forming the Hakka communities. As a defence against enemies, the Hakkas chose to live in compact(紧凑的) communities, and the tulou was their preferred houses. Tens of thousands of such earthen structures were constructed in Fujian Province.

       Most tulous are to be found in the valleys, surrounded by high mountains, and some are in the depths of the great mountains. Most are three to four stories high, and look like circular blockhouses（堡垒）. Rooms on the first floor are used as kitchens, rooms on the second floor are used as barns(谷仓), and rooms on the third and fourth floors are for bedrooms and living rooms. For defensive purposes, the rooms on the first floor have no windows.

       Raw materials for the tulou were obtained locally. Their main building material was a mixture of clay, sand, lime and water, and egg whites, brown sugar and rice water were added as adhesive agents（粘合剂）. It was then mixed to form the walls. Once they dried, the walls were so hard that driving a nail into them would have been difficult. Fir branches, which are extremely strong and do not rot, were used to strengthen them, and many centuries later they have remained their original look.

       Tulous are located in a region where earthquakes happen frequently, and their circular construction helps them resist the regular shocks.

       The proven design even inspired one famous Peruvian architect, who paid several visits to Yongding, to build a tulou back home. Not long after, an earthquake struck only 10 kilometers away, and while all the houses around the earthen building fell down, his tulou remained.

29. From the passage , we know that Tulou ______.

  A. is a special residential architecture of Han Chinese in Fujian even today

  B. was once the place where the Hakkas chose to live together

  C. stands in the valleys and is also modern people’s preferred houses

  D. looks like circular blockhouses but easy to fall down in the earthquake

30. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

  A. Hakkas built tulous when they lived in the Central Plains area

  B. Raw materials for the tulou were obtained from far away

  C. It is difficult to dig a hole into the walls of the tulou

  D. Fir branches may help them resist the regular shocks

31. What would be the best title for the passage?

  A. One of UNESCO’s World Heritage List       B. The Function of Tulous

  C. Yongding County and The Hakkas                     D. The special Earthen Architecture of Fujian

New York, September 15. During a heavy rainfall last night a bus carrying 42 passengers slipped off the road on Highway 28, killing 36 of the passengers and the driver. A spokesman for the Highway Patrol(巡逻队) who arrived at the scene shortly after 11:30 p.m. estimated(估计) that the accident had happened about half an hour before. The injured and the dead were sent to the nearest town of Valley View.

At the point where the accident happened the road has a three-lane(三条行车线) highway with many curves(弯道). Cause of the accident has not been fully found out.

25. It was very likely that the accident happened _______.

A. after 11: 30 p.m.                       B. in the city of New York

C. at or about 11: 00 p.m.          D. in the town of Valley View

26. How many people died in the accident?

A. 37            B. 36             C. 43                   D. 42

27. In consideration of what caused the accident, one should pay attention to _______.

A. the careless driver             B. the nearest town of Valley View

C. Highway 28                      D. the road with many curves

Taking a shower is relaxing. You can hum a song, daydream or think about nothing, leaving the real world behind you. But did you know that showering can also benefit your mind?

    A research by Scott Barry Kaufman, a psychologist from Yale University in the US interviewed over 3,000 people around the world. It turned out that nearly two-thirds of the interviewees said they had experienced new ideas in the shower and were more likely to have them in the shower than at work.

    So why does a simple shower have such magic power? Science can explain it.

Showering can help to raise our level of dopamine, a hormone (荷尔蒙) closely related to our creativity. “People vary in terms of their level of creativity according to the activity of dopamine”, explained Alice Flaherty, a famous American neuroscientist. “Taking a warm shower can make us feel relaxed and therefore make the dopamine level rise and bring 'Aha!' moment to us.”

    Besides the chemical changes, showering may give you a break from what you feel you have been stuck with. Especially when you have thought hard all day about a problem, jumping into the shower can keep you from the outside world so that you can focus on your inner feelings and memories. In this way, according to American psychologist Shelley H. Carson, author of Your Creative Brain, “a showering hour may turn into an ‘incubation (孵化) period’ for your ideas.”

    Compared with sitting in front of a computer, taking a shower is something we do less frequently in our daily life. When showering, we get a fresh experience with the change of location, temperature and humidity. “New and unexpected experiences can lead to positive changes in thinking,” explained Kaufman. “Getting off the couch and jumping in the shower may create a distance and force you to think from a new point of view.”

    Showering allows us to enjoy the creative juices of our minds, but it needn't just be the bathroom where you get your inspiration. For instance, Gertrude Stein, a female American writer and poet, got new ideas by driving around a farm and stopping at different cows until she found the one that most inspired her. So try to create your own way to free your mind, whether it's a walk near the ocean, a country drive or reading a book at home.

32. According to the article, what changes can showering cause?

   A. Bringing the terrible moment to us.   B. Increasing the level of dopamine.

   C. Leading to boredom or tiredness.     D. Setting the creative part of the brain free.

33. If one has focused on something all day, showering can help _______.

   A. turn one’s attention inwards          B. draw one’s attention to the outside world

   C. one make an important breakthrough   D. many chemical changes to take place

34. It can be inferred from the article that _______.

   A. changes in the frequency of an action can create a new perspective

   B. it is a good idea to talk with others about their sources of inspiration

   C. our lives might feel longer and fuller if we frequently try new things

   D. it is helpful to try something different rather than stay focused on a difficult task

35. The example of Gertrude Stein in the last paragraph is used to _______.

   A. encourage readers to find their own ways of getting inspiration

   B. point out to readers that it's hard to find inspiration

   C. explain how to link inspiration with readers’ daily lives

D. show that creativity often comes from strange places

Nowroz

Iranian New Year or Nowroz is celebrated on the first day of spring sometime in March. Nowroz ceremonies are symbolic represent ations of good and evil. People sing, dance and parade as in a carnival through the streets with drums and trumpets to spread the news of the coming new year.

Rosh Hashanah

The Jewish New Year is called “Rosh Hashanah”， and is celebrated in the month of September. It is a holy time when people think of the things they have done wrong in the past, and promise to do better in the future. Special prayers are held, and an instrument called a Shofar is played. Children are given new clothes, and New Year loaves are baked and fruits are consumed to remind people of harvest time.

Shogatsu

In Japan, the New Year  (Shogatsu)

celebrations are from January 1 to January 3 and most Japanese don’t work during these days. In Japan, years are traditionally seen as completely separate from each other, and the New Year is a fresh start. This means that in December all the duties should be completed. Parties are held to forget the worries and troubles of the old year. Homes and cars are decorated. On New Year’s Eve, most people spend their time with their families.

Muslim New Year

The Muslim New Year falls eleven days earlier than the previous year because the Muslim calendar is based on the movements of the moon. In Iran, people celebrate the New Year in March. As the New Year approaches, Muslims set grains of wheat or barley in small dishes and sprinkle(泼洒)them with water. When the New Year arrives, the growth of the sprouted(发芽的)grains reminds people of spring and a new year of life.

Bahai New Year

The Bahai People have their own calendar consisting of nineteen months of nineteen days plus a couple of extra days between the eighteenth and nineteenth months. They have however adopted the Iranian custom of beginning the New Year in the spring equinox(春分). The day begins at sunset rather than midnight, and the New Year celebrations are held on the evening of March 20th.

29. What will the following paragraph be talked about?

    A. The importance of the New Year celebrations.

B. The ceremonies of the New Year celebrations.

C. The activities of the New Year celebrations.

D. The origins of the New Year celebrations.

30. What can we know from the passage?

A. The Japanese often hold family gathering to celebrate Shogastu.

B. The Jewish harvest fruits to celebrate Rosh Hashanah.

C. The Bahai people celebrate their New Year in the daytime.

D. The Iranians often hold family parties to celebrate Nowroz.

31. From the part Muslim New Year, we can know the date of the New Year has something to do with________.

A. the sun              B. the moon

C. the universe          D. the traditional customs

32. What’s the passage mainly about?

A. New Year’s decisions in different areas.

B. The different festivals in different areas.

C. The New Year celebrations in some places.

D. The development of lunar calendar.