As was often the case, if you saw another kid ride her bike too fast around a corner and fall down, you might ride your bike more slowly on that turn. Yes, we humans are very sensitive to others’ mistakes. And the same is true for other animals. Animals mess up all the time. They might eat poisonous leaves, fall off a tree or let their prey(猎物) slip away. By watching others fail, an animal can avoid making the same mistakes, thus improving its chance of survival.

       Scientists suspected that one part of the brain helps animals process information about others’ errors. Cells in that part appear to become more active when a person sees someone else making a mistake. But researchers didn’t know whether individual cells in this part of the brain play different roles in detecting errors.

       To investigate the brain’s response to errors in more detail, the researchers taught a game to two macaques, a type of monkey. One monkey could press a yellow or green button while the other watched. If the first monkey pressed the right button, the team gave both animals a treat. Every couple of rounds, the two monkeys switched roles. Meanwhile, the scientists monitored individual cells in the animal’s brains.

       When the first monkey messed up the game by pressing the wrong button, a group of cells in the second monkey’s brain fired. But if the second monkey also made the wrong choice during its turn, some of the cells in that group didn’t respond. Those unresponsive cells reacted specifically to mistakes made by others, not to the monkey’s own mistakes.

       Scientists believe other parts of the brain also might help people process information about another’s errors. “You start to think about this other person and see things from his angle.” Ellen de Bruijn told Science News. She studies the brain at the University of Leiden in the Netherlands.

8. According to Paragraph l, animals’ ability to learn from others’ mistakes _____.

  A. used to be ignored by humans  

B. helps them to survive better

  C. is being lost because of humans 

D. ensures that they will never fail

9. From the game the scientists taught to two macaques, we can see _______.

  A. animals can avoid the same mistakes   

B. which part of the brain is more active

  C. how the brain responds to mistakes        

  D. how the brain processes information

10. In the experiment mentioned, those unresponsive cells are only sensitive to ___.

  A. others’ mistakes                      B. the same buttons      

  C. one’s own mistakes     D. the monkey’s brain

11. What’s the main idea of the passage?

  A. Animals can learn from mistakes like human beings.

  B. An interesting experiment by scientists surprised us.

  C. Monkeys can avoid making mistakes by learning from us.

  D. The brain cells are always sensitive to others’ information.

   假定你是李华，你的英国笔友正在写一篇关于各国中学生课外阅读(extra-curricular reading)情况的调查报告，他给你发了一封电子邮件，想了解相关情况。请你根据以下提示，给他回一封电子邮件。

1.       你校学生课外阅读的现状；

2.       原因分析；

3.       你的看法；

注意：1.根据所给提示，适当发挥，要求内容充实，语意连贯。

      2.字数不少于100。开头和结尾已经写好，不计入总词数。

      3.邮件中不得提及考生所在学校及本人姓名。

Dear Helen,

Thank you for your email. Now I would like to tell you something about                 

                                                                                                                                                            Best wishes!

                                                             Yours,

                                                             LiHua

After having gone through an electrical accident, which made him become not only blind

but also deaf, James Franco’s world became completely dark and quiet for almost ten years.

The loss of sight and hearing threw him into such sorrow that he tried a few times to put an end to his life. His family, especially his wife, did their best to tend and comfort him and finally he regained the will to live.

One afternoon in hot summer, he was having a walk with a stick near his house when a thunderstorm started all at once. He stood under a large tree to avoid getting wet, but he was struck by the lightning. Witnesses thought he was dead but he woke up 20 minutes later, lying face down in muddy water. He was trembling badly, but when he opened his eyes, he could hardly believe what he saw: a tree and a muddy road. When Mrs. Franco came running up to him, shouting to their neighbors to call for help, he could see her and hear her voice for the first time in nearly ten years.

Word of James getting back his sense of sight and hearing quickly spread and many

doctors came to examine him. Most of them said that he regained his sight and hearing from the shock he got from the lightning. However, none of them could give a compelling answer as to why this should happen. The only reasonable explanation given by one doctor was that, since James lost his sight and hearing as a result of a sudden shock, perhaps, the only way for him to regain them was by another sudden shock.

21. The reason why James attempted to kill himself was that _________.

A. a terrible electrical accident happened to him

B. he had to live in a dark and silent world

C. he was struck by the lightning once more

D. nobody in the world cared about him

22. What was James doing when he was struck by the lightning?

A. Sheltering from the rain under a tree. B. Putting an end to his life.

C. Taking a walk with a stick. D. Lying on the ground.

23. What does the underlined word “compelling” in paragraph 3 mean?

A. wrong B. convincing C. unexplained D. determined

24. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A. A Terrible Electrical Accident B. James Franco and His Wife

C. An Unforgettable Experience D. What a Sudden Shock

假定你是李华，准备参加学校举办的主题为“我的理想”的英语作文竞赛。请按要求用英语写一篇题为My dream的短文。主要内容包括：

1．你的理想是……；

2．你有这一理想的缘由；

3．为实现理想而努力的决心。

注意：1.词数：120左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

It’s really upsetting in most countries that someone ______ his left hand to shake hands with you.

     A. holds on                   B. holds up                 C. holds out                D. holds back

一家英语报社向中学生征文，主题是“十年后的我”、请根据下列要求和你的想象完成短文、文章应包括:1,家庭.2,工作.3,业余生活.

注意：1、次数100左右； 

      2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 

   3. 开头语已为你写好

        ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­I often imagine what my life will be like in the future                          

I enjoy going to the movies. But ______ the theatre, I prefer staying at home.

A. as far as    B. as for                  C. as long as           D. as well

    Suddenly all the lights on that crowded underground train went out. Then it stopped in that dark tunnel. We waited. We expected the lights to come on again. (46)________ nothing happened.

 Then I began to smell (47)________. People around me then began to cry out in fear. “The train is on fire!” they cried. The woman (48)________ (stand) next to me (49)________ (sudden) fell on the floor. I realized she was overcome by the smoke. Then I saw flames appearing. “If something does not happen soon,” I said to (50)________, “I (51)________ (burn) alive!” But as I stood there in the dark in that crowded burning train, I could see no way to escape. So I cried, “God, if it is not my time to die, please help me!” I heard a noise. It was on my right side. I at once began to push my way forward to (53)________ that noise came from. (52)________ two hours I kept walking in that dark train tunnel. At last I saw (54)________ light in the distance. “Thank God!” I cried. “God must have a purpose for saving my life. He must want me to help (55)________ people experience what he could do for them.” I decided.

Many of us were raised with the saying “Waste not, want not.” None of us, however, can    41   (complete) avoid waste in our lives.

Any kind of waste is thoughtless. Whether we waste our potential talents, our own time, our limited   42   (nature) resource, our money,   43   other people’s time, each of us can become more aware and careful. The smallest good habits can make a big   44    (differ). It’s a good feeling to know in our hearts we are doing our best in a world    45    is in serious trouble. By being devoted to    46     (save) oil, water, paper, food, and clothing, we are playing     47     part in cutting down on waste.

We must keep reminding       48     (we)that it is easier to get into something than it is to get out of it. Actually, severe damage     49    (do) to our land is fairly recent in the history of our evolution. It’s time for us to say no to waste so that our grandchildren’s children     50    (be)able to develop well. We can’t solve all the problems of waste, but we can encourage mindfulness.

With big handbags becoming a key fashion accessory(配饰) for working women, health experts are warning they can also become a key health concern.

Bags for women have become bigger and heavier as designers combine briefcases with handbags and straps have become longer, resulting in many users complaining of neck, shoulder and back problems.

 “I see so many women with neck pains and headaches and what I usually do is look for their purse and pick it up,” said Jane Sadler, a family practice physician at Baylor Medical Center in Garland, Texas. “We take it over to the scale and weigh it and usually they’re anywhere from 7 to 10 pounds. We’re really going to see women with more and more problems later on if we continue the big purse craze.”

William Case, a physical therapist(临床医生)in private practice in Houston, Texas, urged designers “to place a cute, educational caution tag(标签) on all bags to inform buyers of potential neck and shoulder dangers.” Above all, he suggested correct posture while carrying big purses, keeping the head and shoulders upright. Patients should also often change the size and weight of purses carried.

“The extra-large purses are quite extraordinary. They look beautiful when the women wear them, but I don’t know how aware they are of the potential problems,” Case said.

Placing objects on one shoulder was one of the least efficient(高效率的) ways of carrying a load, according to a professor from Cornell University in New York State. “This causes a great imbalance,” he said. “If a big bag is a fashion accessory, then occasional and symbolic use is fine. If not, then keep it light.”

1.    Jane Salder would “look for their purse and pick it up” in order to see whether the purses                        .

  A. contained enough                     B. were worth a lot of pounds

  C. were too heavy                       D. were too large

2.    Which correctly explains the meaning of the underlined word “posture” in the 4th paragraph?

  A. The way you position your body.

  B. The part of your body where you place a weight.

  C. The strength you use to carry a weight.

  D. The height of the weight you carry.

3.    None of the experts advised big bag users to             .

  A. be aware of the big-bag problems      B. wear big bags in the right way

  C. avoid using big bags very often        D. give up the fashion to keep fit　

 —Mary looks depressed.

  —So _______ you if you failed your final exam.

  A. will           B. would               C. do               D. Did

The right pair of exercise shoes can do a lot to prevent discomfort and injuries, personal trainers say. Here are some shopping tips:

­    71  Depending on your workout, shoes designed for walking, running, tennis, cross-training or another specialty will provide the best support for your feet.

Shop when you normally exercise. Feet actually get bigger throughout the day, sometimes swelling up as much as a half-size by nighttime.  72

Try them on. Never grab a pair of exercise shoes based only on the size of footwear you normally buy. Bring the type of socks you’d wear to work out and go for a walk through the store.

  73  You should be able to spread your toes out comfortably. Make sure there’s about a half-inch of space between them and the front of the shoe. The back should fit snugly (warmly and comfortably) against your heel and not move up and down. If your feet are different sizes, buy based on the larger one.

Talk to an expert. Shoe salesmen and personal trainers can study your stride (步伐) and the shape of your feet.  74

  75  Many trainers recommend switching footwear every three to five months, if possible, to maintain proper cushioning and support.

One tip: if you have to tie your shoes very tightly to feel a good amount of support, they may be ready to go.

A nickname is a shortened form of a person’s name. A nickname can also be a descriptive name for

a person, place or thing. Many American cities have nicknames.

      Los Angeles has several nicknames. One is simply the city’s initials, L.A. It is also called the City of Angels because Los Angeles means “the angels” in Spanish.

      Los Angeles often has warm, sunny weather. So another nickname is City of Flowers and Sunshine. New York is called The Big Apple. So Los Angeles is sometimes called The Big Orange because of the fruit that grows in that city’s warm climate.

      The American motionpicture (电影)and television industries are based in Los Angeles. So it is not surprising

that it is called The Entertainment Capital of the World. Many films are made in the area of Los Angeles called Hollywood. Millions of people visit the area. No trip to Los Angeles is complete without seeing the word “Hollywood” spelled out in huge letters on a hillside.

     Many movie stars live in Los Angeles. The city is sometimes called Tinseltown. This nickname comes from the shiny, bright and often unreal nature of Hollywood and the movie industry.

     Another nickname for Los Angeles is La-La Land, using the first letters of Los and Angeles. This means a place that is fun and not serious, and maybe even out of touch with reality.

     The city of Los Angeles is part of Los Angeles County. There are many smaller cities in the county. Beverly Hills, with its rich people, is one of them. So is Pasadena, with its Rose Parade each New Year’s Day.

     A good place for watching unusual-looking people is Venice, an area on the west side of Los Angeles. A system of waterways designed after the Italian city of Venice has been built there.

28. What’s the purpose of the first paragraph?

   A. To tell us what a nickname is .

   B. To prove that nicknames are popular.

   C. To lead us into the topic to be presented.

   D. To tell us some people’s nicknames.

29. Which of the following is NOT the nickname for Los Angeles in the passage?

   A.  L. A.         B. City of Flowers and Sunshine.

   C. The City of Angels.     D. The Big Apple.

30. Why is Los Angeles called The Entertainment Capital of the World?

   A. Because Los Angeles often has warm, sunny weather.

   B. Because many movie stars live in Los Angeles.

   C. Because there are many smaller cities in the county.

   D. Because the American motion picture and television industries are there.

31. The underlined part “out of touch with reality” in Paragraph 6 can probably be replaced by “_______”

   A. real        B. false       C. fantastic      D. practical

       假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下短文。短

文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

       增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

       删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。

       修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

       注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

                  2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

To help the international students understand Chinese culture better, our school decides to set up a “Room of China”. In Sunday morning, the teacher asked us decorate the room. We felt quite excited and started soon. We first moved the desks and chair away and cleaned the classroom thorough. After that, we began to decorate a room. Some of them put up the traditional paper cut “Fu” and also Chinese painting on the wall while others drew the Great Wall and lanterns on the blackboard. Everyone was working in highly spirits.

The next day, the international students came to the room and were amazing to see the decorations. Their praise and thanks gave us a great sense of achieve.

假如你是李华，从网上得知一个国际中学生组织将在英国举办冬令营（the winter camp），欢迎各国学生参加。请写一封电子邮件申请参加。

内容主要包括： 1.自我介绍（包括英语能力）;

2.参加意图（介绍中国，了解其他国家）;

3.希望获准;

注意：1.词数 100左右；

2.可以适当添加细节，以使行文连贯;

3.邮件开头和结尾已为你写好。

Dear Sir or Madam,

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

                                                                          Regards

Li Hua

The politician insisted that he _______innocent and that he ______at once．（　　）

A．was； was set free B．be； be set free

C．was； be set free    D．be； was set free

76. Secondly, you become addicted                   . As you know, if you do the same thing over and over again, you begin to do it automatically.

77. On this occasion, however, it had slowed down considerably. The petrol had nearly all been                         .

78. They have been told that rescue operations are                   . If they knew how difficult it was to drill through the hard rock, they would lose heart.

79. The only funny things we heard that evening came from the advertiser at the beginning of the programme. He was obviously very nervous and for some minutes                  before the microphone.

80. Fish and chips has always been a favourite dish in Britain, but as the oceans have been over fished, fish has become more and more expensive. So it                   to learn that giant fish are terrifying the divers on North Sea oil rigs.

1.     A disease that is ______(传染性的) can be caught by being near a person who has it.

2.     Are you satisfied with my ______(翻译) of the poem?

3.     The accident is _____(由于) to your careless driving.

4.     She found it necessary to ______(习惯)her child to getting up early.

5.     Wood, coal, oil and gas are ______(燃料).

6.     This species of bird is _____(减少) in number every year.

7.     Your ______(鼓励) made me more confident of my future.

8.     The fall in prices will be _____( 有益的) to small business.

9.     The store sells agricultural ______(产品)。

10.   The dictionary is ______( 特别地) intended for foreign learners of English.

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1. How much will the magazine pay for a joke to be published? 

A. ＄50    B. ＄100    C. ＄150    D.＄350

2. If you want to share a story of your pets with the readers, you need to submit it to        .

A. Anecdotes and Jokes    B. Smart Animals    C. Power of Love         D. My Story

3. A story showing people’s generosity should be emailed to the editor at             .

A. juliet@sws.com     B. susan@sws.com    C. Audrey@sws.com    D. nanjc@sws.com

4. An inspiring story sent to the magazine should                .  

A. describe strange behavior        B. contain less than 800 words

C. be real and original             D. be published before

Traveling is one of the most important activities and people have been interested in it for many years. Modern traffics develops fast, so traveling to different places has become much easier than before.

Staying healthy： while traveling can make your trip happier. But do you know how to keep healthy during a trip? The following information may be useful for you.

Before leaving：

● Wear comfortable shoes, a hat and sunglasses.

● Take some necessary medicine with you. They can be used when you get sick or have other problems.

● If you do lots of sports like walking or climbing on your trip, you should do some exercise for weeks or months before you leave.

While traveling：

● Be sure not to eat dirty food or bad fruit.

● Have enough time to take a rest during your trip.

● Tap water(自来水) is not safe, so drink bottled water and always clean the cover on the bottle.

24．The passage mainly talks about ______.

A. eating    B. traveling    C. drinking    D. shopping

25．If you do lots of sports while traveling, you should______ before you leave.

A. do some exercise for weeks or months.      B. learn more about sports

C. watch many sports games                 D. buy a car

26．You should ______ before you leave your home for trip.

A. take some medicine with you         B. clean your house

C. drink much water                   D. wear warm clothes

27．You had better______ while you are having a trip.

A. do enough exercise                 B. have enough time to take a rest

C. drink tap water                     D. be too tired

28．If you______ while travelling, your trip will be happier.

A. walk fast                        B. eat too much

C. keep healthy                     D. climb the mountain