If you want to be a citizen scientist,the National Science Foundation(NSF) has got you covered.NSF supports citizen scientists across all areas of science,whether your passion（热情）is scanning the night sky,exploring your own backyard or playing video games.

Join a Flock of Birders

eBird is an online platform that allows bird-watchers to record their sightings on a massive online database. With more than 100,000 active users,eBird involves bird population,distribution（分布）and habitat that users can explore in real time.In May 2015,there were 9.5 million records uploaded.

Count Every Drop

The Community Collaborative Rain and Snow Network is the largest provider of daily rainfall observations in the United States.Volunteers set up rain instruments and record data every time a rain,or snow storm passes.Data is organized and shared on the CoCoRaHS website,and used by the National Weather Service,scientists,farmers and so on.

Join the Plankton Party

Without plankton（浮游生物）,life in the ocean would not exist.These tiny things form the base of the food chain and play an important role in the global carbon cycle.Plankton Party encourages citizen scientists to identify images snapped（拍照）by the ISIIS,an underwater robot.Classifying the images helps researchers understand plankton diversity,habitat and behavior.

21.What can bird-watchers do with eBird?

A.Watch birds through satellites.                                               B.Choose their favorite birds.

C.Upload their sightings to a database.                                   D.Observe the night sky

22.Which subject can you learn about if you join Count Every Drop?

A.Farming.                        B.Biology.                             C.Animals.                       D.Weather.

23.What's the intention of the Plankton Party?

A.To help researchers to learn about plankton.                         B.To raise citizens' interest in plankton.

C.To inform citizens of how ocean life survives.                        D.To tell us what ISIIS does with ocean life.

Last week my youngest son and I visited my father at his new home in Tucson,Arizona.He moved there a few years ago,and I was eager to see his new place and meet his friends.

My earliest memories of my father are of a tall,handsome,successful man devoted to his work and family but uncomfortable with his children.As a child I loved him,as a school girl and young adult I feared him and felt bitter about him.He seemed unhappy with me unless I got straight A's and unhappy with my boyfriends if their fathers were not as "successful" as he was.Whenever I went out with him on weekends,I used to struggle to think up things to say,feeling on guard.

On the first day of my visit,we went out with one of my father's friends for lunch at an outdoor cafe.We walked along that afternoon,did some shopping,ate at the street table,and laughed over my son's funny facial expressions. Gone was my father's critical（挑剔的）air and strict rules.Who was this person I knew as my father,who seemed so friendly and interesting to be around?What had held him back before?

The next day my dad pulled out his childhood pictures and told me quite a few stories about his own childhood. Although our times together became easier over the years,I never felt closer to him at that moment.After so many years,I'm at last seeing another side of my father.And in so doing,I'm delighted with my new friend.My dad,in his new home in Arizona,is back to me from where he is.

28.Why did the author feel bitter about her father as a young adult?

A.He was silent most of the time.                          B.He was too proud of himself.

C.He did not love his children.                       D.He expected too much of her.

29.When the author went out with her father on weekends,she would feel_______ .

A.nervous                     B.sorry                                 C.tired                             D.safe

30.What does the author think of her father after her visit to Tucson?

A.More critical.           B.More unhappy.                      C.Gentle and friendly.      D.Strict and hard-working.

31.The underlined words "my new friend" in the last paragraph refer to_______ .

A.the author' son      B.the friend of the author' father      C.the author's father               D.the cafe owner

32.The best title of this passage probably is_______ .

A.Our good times                                 B.My father is back to me

C.My childhood                                       D.My earliest memories

    Everyone has his idol, so do I. I admire my father. He was a highly educated, intelligent gentleman. He could debate or discuss for hours on almost any topic and hold your   21   in the process. I thought there was nothing he wasn’t   22   to do. 
    A few days before my younger brother’s 7th birthday, Dad planned to assemble（装配）a new  23    as a special birthday surprise. After nearly an hour of   24   the instructions, Dad was still unable to   25   the new bike together. Later he   26   the paper of instructions,   27  up his tool box, and decided to take the bike back to the local toy store and pay extra   28  to have it correctly assembled there.   29   an idea came to him, as he called out to Lovett, the quiet little man who cut our grassland. 
“Lovett, have you ever assembled a boy’s bicycle?” 
As Lovett walked towards the bike, Dad handed him the   30  . Lovett handed it back to him, saying, “No, thanks. I can’t read. When you can’t read, you have to   31  .” Less than 15 minutes later, the new bicycle was   32   assembled, with no   33   parts remaining. Dad shook Lovett’s hand, patted him on the back, thanked him, and hid the bike. 
    On the night after my brother received his shiny new gift, Dad announced at the family dinner table what had happened several days earlier. He took great   34   in telling it over and over again — he used it as an example of thinking.       
    He did not refer to illiteracy（文盲）, but strongly taught us to use our   35  . The joke was on my father,   36   he was able to turn it into a learning tool, and I liked him even more after that incident. I also gained a new   37   for Lovett. To me he had   38   been the old yard man who didn’t   39   much, but after that day, he seemed to smile   40  , even walk taller. It’s amazing what a real nod of approval can do to lift people up.
21. A. belief  B. breath  C. view  D. attention  
22. A. willing       B. lucky        C. able D. capable 
23. A. toy B. bicycle     C. computer     D. boat 
24. A. reviewing  B. searching     C. examining    D. reading
25. A. bring    B. get        C. put D. work  
26. A. went through B. turned to C. devoted to D. folded up 
27. A. picked B. brought C. added D. set 
28. A. effort B. money  C. tax    D. service
29. A. Since B. Then  C. Thus   D. Though
30. A. instructions B. routines C. tools D. orders  
31. A. exchange B. learn C. think   D. admit
32. A. partly     B. largely  C. hardly     D. fully  
33. A. major B. spare C. separate D. different 
34. A. care B. action C. risk D. delight 
35. A. heads  B. resources   C. knowledge D. hands 
36. A. but  B. or  C. and  D. so     
37. A. relief   B. regard  C. respect  D. reward
38. A. never B. ever   C. always  D. often 
39. A. care B. say  C. earn D. show
40. A. grayer B. colder  C. weaker  D. broader

  Vacation is a time for refreshment. In work, we are often called to think. Sometimes, it’s good to give our brains a rest. Without a break, we may not be able to perform up to our potential. This can be a problem, not only for the employee, but for the employer as well.

 “The main benefit of vacation is for the worker to come back energized,” says Weaver. “If they haven’t had a break, then they’re not coming back with new energy. They haven’t had a chance to step back and get perspective (远景), and come back with renewed enthusiasm.”

Long working hours without a break, insecurity (不安) about one’s job, and other work-related worries can lead to burnout and stress. Humans can usually adapt to pressure, but not for a limitless amount of time.

 “It is a problem of relating good workers and having them loyal to the firm while they’re there,” says David Maume, PhD, professor of sociology at the University of Cincinnati. He says burnout can also affect employees’ productivity, creativity, and effectiveness.

 In addition, high levels of stress are likely to be precursors (前兆) to depression, which can hit both the employer and employee’s pocketbook. Even people who manage to remain productive at work can have problems. If they’re always at work, then they’re not with their family and friends. If they’re working while on vacation, for the time that they’re on the job, they’re not really present.

An unbalanced emphasis on work can strain family and social life. When you come up for air, you may see that you’re alone, or that your relationships have gone on without you.

5．What’s the main benefit of a vacation?

A.The manager can be more creative.

B.The worker can come back with new energy.

C.The worker can adapt to pressure much better.

D.The worker can step back and get more excited.

6．The underlined word “there” in the fourth paragraph probably refers to ________.

A.the home    B.the vacation     C.the company     D.the university

7．When a worker is always at work, he is likely to get more and more _________.

A.dynamic     B.productive     C.skillful          D.absent-minded

8．Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

A.Why Workers Need Vacation       B.Why Workers Need New Energy

C.How to Deal with Daily Pressure    D.How to Spend Vacation Effectively

 It wasn’t easy having friends talk their freshman year ____ I wasn’t a part of.

  A. which     B. when     C. where    D. that

While waiting to pick up a friend at an airport in Portland, Oregon, I had one of those life-changing experiences that you hear other people talk about-the kind that happens to you unexpectedly. To me, this happened and was only two feet away from me.

   Locating my friend among the passengers, I noticed a man coming toward me carrying two light bags. He stopped right next to me to greet his family.

First he walked to his youngest son (maybe 6 years old）as he laid down his bags. They gave each other a long, loving hug. As they separated enough to look in each other's face, I heard the father say, “It's so good to see you, son. I missed you so much！”His son smiled somewhat shyly, and replied softly, "Me, too, Dad！”

   Then the man stood up, gazed in to the eyes of his oldest son（maybe 9 or 10）and while cupping his son's face in his hands said, “You're already quite a young man. I love you very much, Zach！” They too hugged a most loving, tender hug.

While this was happening, a baby girl（perhaps one or one-and-a-half-year old）was squirming（扭动）excitedly in her mother's arms, never once taking her little eyes off the wonderful sight of her returning father. The man said, “Hi . baby girl！”as he gently took the child from her mother. He quickly kissed her face all over and then held her close to his chest while rocking her from side to side. The little girl instantly relaxed and simply laid her head on his shoulder, motionless in pure contentment.

    After several moments, he handed his daughter to his oldest son and declared, “I've saved the best for last!” and went to give his wife the longest, most passionate kiss I ever remember seeing. He gazed into her eyes for several seconds and then silently mouthed. “I love you so much！”They stared into each other's eyes, beaming big smiles at one another, while holding both hands,

     For an instant they reminded me of newlyweds, but I knew by the age of their kids that they couldn't possibly be. I puzzled about it for a moment then realized how totally attentive I was in the wonderful display of unconditional love not more than an arm's length away from me. I suddenly felt uncomfortable, as if I was invading something sacred, but was amazed to hear my own voice nervously ask, "Wow！How long have you two been married？”

    "Been together fourteen years total, married twelve of those.” he replied, without breaking his gaze froth his lovely wife's face. "Well then, how long have you been away?” I asked. The man finally turned and looked at me, still beaming his joyous smile. “Two whole days！”

    Two days？I was stunned. I had assumed he'd been gone for at least several weeks-if not months. I know my expression betrayed me. “I hope my marriage is still that passionate after twelve years！”

    The man suddenly stopped smiling.

    He looked me straight in the eye, and with forcefulness that burned right into my soul, he told me something that left me a different person, “Don't hope, friend…decide!” Then he flashed me his wonderful smile again, shook my hand and said, "God bless！”

    With that, he and his family turned and walked away together. I was still watching that exceptional man and his special family walk just out of sight when my friend came up to me and asked, “What are you  looking at？”Without hesitating, and with a curious sense of certainty, I replied, "My future！”

66. Which word could best describe the baby girl?

A. Quiet.      B. Innocent.        C. Naughty.       D. Sweet.

67. The writer suddenly felt uncomfortable because ________.

A. he felt it impolite to stare at the family       B. he felt he withdrew from society

C. the family found him curious about them     D. he didn't love his wife as much

68. What can we learn from the story?

   A. The family became the writer's friends.    

B. The writer decided to look for a wife.

   C. The writer's family will get more love from him.

   D. The writer will tell his friend the story immediately they meet.

69. Which paragraph in this story best shows the love of the couple？

   A. Paragraph 4.               B. Paragraph 5.        

C. Paragraph 6.               D. Paragraph 7.

70. Why does the writer think his airport experience is life-changing?

   A. Because he came across a most loving family.

   B. Because he realized the difference between "hope" and "decide".

   C. Because he thought it was really a unique experience.

D. Because the family he met with had a strange power over him.

 It was really _____ of your brother not to play the guitar while you were preparing your lessons.

A. modest           B. outspoken                C. considerate              D. determined

Seven tips to good table manners

   Whether it’s dinner at a friend’s house or a business meeting over lunch, we judge people based on their table manners. But what can you do if your kids do not behave themselves at the dinner tables? The following are seven tips to set your children on the road to good table manners:

●Look for the good. Instead of pointing out(指出) all the things your children do wrong, point out what they do right. Please say, for example, “ I am so proud of you. It was wonderful the way you served yourself.”

●Don’t turn dinner into an unpleasant “lecture time”. That will turn kids off not only manners, but dinner, and you, too.

●Check your own example. Don’t show up for dinner in just your underwear (内衣) unless you want your kids to do the same.

●Don’t always consider your kids lazy and dirty ones. Instead, point out the behavior in a tender way. For example: “It’s a good idea to unfold your napkin, so if food falls you won’t dirty your clothes.”

●Teach your kids good manners in the form of a game. One night a week, try to have a formal dinner. Try dressing up, serve a special meal, and expect more formal manners. That will help improve their sense ( 意识) of manners.

● Make kids understand part of the tradition. Invite guests over and let kids help serve them. This helps them indirectly learn about table manners.

●Try dining out once in a while. Fast food restaurants aren’t counted(算在内). Try a nice restaurant and let kids order their own food, pay the bill and give the tip.

29. The passage is mainly written for ____.

   A. kids      B. guests     C. hosts      D. parents

30. Which of the following should parents do to help their kids learn good table manners?  

   A. Try dining out in fast food restaurants once in a while

   B. Improve kids’ sense of manners by having a formal dinner at times

   C. Keep telling the kids how to behave themselves at dinner.

   D. Point out what’s wrong with the kids’ behavior at dinner

31. The kids should do the following EXCEPT _____.

   A. helping parents to serve the guests     

B. going to a formal dinner in underwear

   C. ordering their own food and paying the bill

   D. unfolding the napkin to keep their clothes  clean

32. The underlined part “turn kids off” in the second tip probably mean “_____”

   A. make kids tired of                            B. make kids interested in

   C. make kids pleased with                  D. make kids fond of

 -------Are you going to Tom’s birthday party?

  ----_____ . I might have to work.

A. It depends    B. Thank you   C.  Sounds great       D. Don’t mention it     

Calculus Book for sale!

    Thomas’ Calculus --- Weir, Hass& Giordano 11th edition (版本)

    Brand new, never been used but I will let it go for used price. Bookstore sold at $ 150. Call me and let me hear your offer.

    Tel: 773—885—6604

Reading is good for you, people!!

   Why don’t more people read today? I have so many great books for sale. If you are interested in any of these GOOD BOOK DEALS, e-mail me or call me at 650—759—7174 to pick them up.

--- All the Days of My Life (So Far), by Alison Sweeney $5

--- All Our Yesterdays, by Robert B. Parker $1

--- The Meaning of Everything, by Simon Winchester $5

--- Exploring Language, by Gary Grosgrain $5

--- The Little Prince, by Antoine de Saint- Expiry $1

--- Jack at Sea, by Philippe Dupasquier$1

“The Children’s Classics” Book Set (一套) ---$200

    This is a book set that I’d love to keep, but just don’t have any extra room on my already crowded bookshelf. It is an old, traditional set. The set is in excellent condition (状况). There are nine titles in the set (see list below). I honestly have no idea what this set is worth, but I’ve been told I should sell the set for well over $ 200, so make me an offer and we’ll see what we can do. Please e-mail me if you are interested: lucia 1134@yahoo.com

Book Titles

---Arabian Nights (276 pgs)         --- Robin Hood (278 pgs)

---Black Beauty (276pgs)           --- Tom Sawyer (272pgs)

---Treasure Island (270pgs)         ---Heidi (278pgs)

--- Alice in Wonderland (276pgs)

--- Andersen’s Fairy Tales (278pgs)

--- King Arthur (274pgs)

25. What does the underlined part “let it go” mean?   

A. throw the book away           B. buy the book from the a bookstore

C. send the book to somebody     D. sell the book

26. If you have $10, how many different books can you buy from GOOD BOOK DEALS at most?    

   A. Four         B. Three         C. Two       D. Five

27. Why will the owner sell “The Children’s Classics”

   A. He thinks it too old                  B. His bookshelf is too full to hold it

   C. He has read it for many times     D. He has bought a new set

28. If you are interested in Tom Sawyer, you can ____.

   A. call 773-885-6604                 B. visit the owner in person

   C. e-mail Lucia 1134@ yahoo.com      D. call 650-759-7174

With time going by, people have come to understand the importance of protecting the environment. But they can’t deal with everything by themselves. Take small steps, and you can make a difference.

• Think Green. Think about the environment as you live your life. If you turn off lights and TV when leaving the room, you’ll save energy.   36  .

• Shop Green. Shopping is fun, but buying things you don’t need is wasteful and even bad for the earth.   37  . And whenever possible, buy things locally made instead of those shipped from far away.

• Dress Green. What really matters is not the colour.   38  . So look for products made from environmentally friendly (环保的) materials.

•   39  . What’s better than learning about the environment?   40  . It can be as simple as using both sides of a piece of paper before you recycle it

A. Before you buy something, ask yourself how much you will use it.

B. Study Green.

C. It’s how the clothes were made.

D. You may care more about the qualities of the clothes.

E. Save it while you learn.

F. If you take shorter showers, you will save water.

G. Recycle more.

81. Can you t____________ （忍受）such a long period of work time?

82．In order to make ____________ (准备) for the coming competition, he devotes his spare time to reading every day.  

83.We are f____________ to use mobile phones in school.  

84. Jane told me that she was not interested in ____________ (文学)and social customs.

85. —Hi, Brandy!

— Oh, Lisa! I'm sorry, I didn't r____________ you. You've had your hair cut!

Sport is not only physically challenging, but it can also be mentally (精神上地) challenging. Criticism from coaches and other teammates, as well as pressure to win can create a great amount of stress for young athletes. Stress can be physical, psychological, and research has shown that it can lead to burnout. Burnout has been described as dropping of an activity that was at one time enjoyable.

  The early years of development are critical years for learning about oneself. The sport setting is one where valuable experiences can take place. Young athletes can, for example, learn how to work with others, make friends, and gain other social skills that will be used throughout their lives. Coaches and parents should be aware, at all times, that their feedback (反馈) to youngsters can have a great effect on their children. Youngsters may take their parents and coaches’ criticisms to heart and find a flaw (缺陷) in themselves.

  Coaches and parents should also be careful that youth sport does not become work for children. The result of the game should not be more important than the process of learning the sport and other life lessons. In today’s youth sport setting, young athletes may be worrying more about who will win than enjoying themselves and the sport. Following a game many parents and coaches concentrate on the result and find fault with youngster’s performances. Positive reinforcement (正面表扬) should be provided despite the result. Research shows that positive reinforcement has a better effect on learning than criticism. Again, criticism can create high levels of stress, which can lead to burnout.

21.     What’s the meaning of the underlined word “burnout” in the first paragraph?
A. Having no oil left.                                        B. Having no money left.
C. Having no energy left.                                D. Having no food left.

22.     According to the passage, sport is positive for young people because _____.
A. it can help them learn more about society
B. it teaches them how to set goals for themselves
C. it helps them to find flaws in themselves
D. it can provide them with valuable experiences

23.     Many coaches and parents are in the habit of criticizing young athletes _____.
A. without realizing criticism may destroy their self-confidence
B. in order to make them remember life lessons
C. believing that criticism is good for their early development
D. so as to put more pressure on them

24.     According to the passage, parents and coaches should _____.
A. help children to win every game
B. pay more attention to letting children enjoy sports
C. encourage children to take part in sports
D. train children to cope with stress

25.     The author’s purpose (目的) in writing the passage is _____.
A. to tell young children not to worry about criticism
B. to stress the importance of positive reinforcement to children
C. to discuss the skill of giving criticism with encouragement
D. to teach young athletes how to deal with coaches and parents

Vegetarian UK

Vegetarians and vegans

Vegetarians (people who don’t eat meat) and vegans (people who don’t eat or use any animal products) are becoming increasingly common in UK culture.    36    A recent survey showed that three million people were vegetarian. Visit a British supermarket and you will see a wide range of vegetarian ingredients and prepared meals on the shelves, including vegetarian sausages and vegan cheese.

       37       

So why are Brits cutting out meat? Many are unhappy about the poor treatment of animals and the effects of meat and fish production on the environment. Worries about food safety (for example BES or “mad cow disease”) also play a part.    38    According to the Vegetarian Society, a meat-free diet could help reduce the risk of certain cancers and heart disease, as well as obesity and high blood pressure.

Organic farming

Another rising trend is in how UK food is produced. Many people are rejecting GM (genetically modified) food and intensive farming practices. They want their food to be organically produced. Organic farmers use very few or no chemicals, pesticides or fertilizers and organic meat is produced without the use of drugs and antibiotics.    39       

Organic food

According to the Soil Association, three out of every four UK households now buy some type of organic food. Some get organic meat, fruit and vegetables from farmers’ markets, where products are sold directly to the consumer. Others have a box of organic fruit and vegetables sent to their homes every week.  40  Although it’s often more expensive, fans of organic food say it tastes much better!

A. A healthy diet

B. A balanced diet

C. Many people buy organic products in their local supermarket.

D. More and more people are deciding not to eat meat or use animal products.

E. A healthy soil reduces disease and helps crops grow strong and healthy.

F. Others choose to change their eating habits to improve their general health.

G. Organically farmed animals also have more living space and more nutritious food.

Jennifer Lawrence, 25, is known for being down -to- earth and likable—she ordered McDonald’s on the red carpet at the Oscars.

And when she described her anger and disappointment at the fact that women are not equal to men in Hollywood, Lawrence “continued to make America fall in love with her”, said Business Insider.

Earlier this year, an E-mail from film company Sony Pictures showed that Lawrence and Amy Adams made less money for American Hustle(2013) than their male(男性) co-stars, even though both women played major roles in the movie.

In an article published in Lenny Letter, a popular e-mail newsletter, Lawrence wrote “I’m trying to find the ‘adorable(可爱的) way to state my opinion and still be likable’!”

Lawrence joins a long list of actresses, including Meryl Streep and Cate Blanchett, who have spoken up about Hollywood’s pay gap.

According to Forbes, the 10 highest paid movie actors in 2015, led by Robert Downey Jr, made ＄431 million.But the 10 highest paid movie actresses, led by Lawrence, only made about $218 million. The pay gap comes partly from the low number of actresses. According to a report in August, only 28.1 percent of characters in 2014’s 100 top grossing(高票房的) films were female(女性) and of them, only 21 percent had a female lead or co-lead character.

“People with more experience are paid more,” Nancy Dubue, the president CEO of A+E Networks, told Variety, “The problem is that the industry still gives too many men that experience.”

The pay gap is a problem that affects the whole US, The White House reported that women earn 78 cents to every dollar a man gets there.

“This is what made Lawrence’s piece powerful: it showed that women still experience pay inequality everywhere-whether you’re Hollywood’s top talent or you work in a retail store,” commented CNN.

As Lawrence points out, it’s not just about less payment for women; it’s also about women making sure that their pay shows their value.

4. According to Business Insider, Americans_____ Lawrence after she expressed her anger at Hollywood’s pay gap.

A. dislike.    B. like

C. doubt                               D.            forgive

5. From the passage we can infer that_____.

A. men earn more money for the same job than women because they are better than women...

B. Lawrence is the leader of the 10 highest_ paid movie actresses

C. a great many actresses have spoken up about Hollywood’s pay gap

D. a White House report points out that men make twice as much money as women

6. The writer’s purpose of writing this passage is____.

A. to inform

B. to advise

C. to persuade

D. to argue

7. The best title of the passage can be____.

A. More Experience, More Pay

B. Asking for Fair Pay

C. Speaking up for Hollywood

D. Higher value, Higher Pay

Students of all kinds are often faced with what can seem like an overwhelming amount of homework. Although homework can be a source of stress, completing it can be a very rewarding and even relaxing experience if done in an organized and timely manner.

In many ways, the ease of completing homework depends upon how you are spending your time in class.

1. Maintain your focus. Sitting down in a classroom or lecture hall and being talked at for hours can make it hard to stay focused. ___36____

      ___37___ It keeps your mind on the subject at hand, and you might even satisfy questions other students have in the process.

2.___38___ Writing down the information discussed in class helps you organize your thoughts and remember important facts and ideas.

  ___39___ Things your teacher stresses, or terms underlined, bolded, or italicized on the blackboard or projector are important to remember.

3.  ___40___ This suggestion may seem obvious, but many people all over

the world, who have no homework fighting for their time, suffer from sleep deprivation(剥夺).Although this activity takes place outside of the classroom, good rest is crucial to the learning process, and will help you focus in class.

A. Take notes.

B. Get plenty of rest.

C. Have a healthy diet.

D. Reading is a great way to learn.

E. Pay attention to important terms and ideas.

F. Asking questions is a great way to stay focused on what is being discussed in class.

G. In order to understand homework assignments, you must keep your connection sharp.

A garden that’s just right for you

Have you ever visited a garden that seemed just right for you, where the atmosphere of the garden appeared to total more than the sum(总和) of its parts?    36   . But it doesn’t happen by accident. It starts with looking inside yourself and understanding who you are with respect to the natural world and how you approach the gardening process.

●   37  

Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants, flowers, patterns and masses of color. Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers(肥料).    38   . However, there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden. One of them comes from our earliest years.

●Recall(回忆) your childhood memories

   Our model of what a garden should be often goes back to childhood. Grandma’s rose garden and Dad’s vegetable garden might be good or bad, but that’s not what’s important.    39    ― how being in those gardens made us feel. If you’d like to build a powerful bond with your garden, start by taking some time to recall the gardens of your youth.    40   . Then go outside and work out a plan to translate your childhood memories into your grown-up garden. Have fun.

A. Know why you garden

B. Find a good place for your own garden

C. It’s our experience of the garden that matters

D. It’s delightful to see so many beautiful flowers

E. Still others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plants

F. You can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden, too

G. For each of those gardens, write down the strongest memory you have

Sometimes people add to what they say even when they don’t talk. Gestures are the “silent language” of every culture. We point a finger or move another part of the body to show what we want to say. It is important to know the body language of every country or we may be misunderstood.

In the USA, people greet each other with a handshake in a formal introduction. The handshake must be firm. If the handshake is weak, it is a sign of weakness or unfriendliness. Friends may place a hand on the other’s arm or shoulder. Some people, usually women, greet a friend with a hug.

Space is important to Americans. When two people talk to each other, they usually stand about two and a half feet away and at an angle (角度), so they are not facing each other directly. Americans get uncomfortable when a person stands too close. They will move back to have their space. If Americans touch another person by accident, they say, “Pardon me” or “Excuse me”. Americans like to look at the other person in the eyes when they are talking. If you don’t do so, it means you are bored, hiding something, or are not interested. But when you stare at someone, it is not polite.

For Americans, thumbs­ up means yes, very good, or well done. Thumbs­ down means the opposite. To call a waiter, raise one hand to head level or above. To show you want the check, make a movement with your hands as if you are signing a piece of paper. It is all right to point at things but not at people with the hand and index finger (食指)．Americans shake their index finger at children when they scold them and pat them on the head when they admire them.

Learning a culture’s body language is sometimes confusing. If you don’t know what to do, the safest thing to do is to smile.

29．From the first paragraph we can learn that         .

A．gestures don’t mean anything while talking

B．gestures can help us express ourselves

C．we can learn a language well without body language

D．Americans like to use gestures

30．Which behavior is acceptable when people talk to each other in the USA?

A．Facing each other directly.

B．Touching each other.

C．Not looking at the other person in the eyes.

D．Not standing too close.

31．When your American friend gives you a thumbs­ up, he may         .

A．express his satisfaction with you

B．show his anger at you

C．show his rudeness to you

D．express his worries about you

32．In the last paragraph the author tells us that         .

A．it is not difficult to learn body language

B．a smile can help us solve some problems

C．body language is very helpful to us

D．we should always talk with others with a smile

目前，不少人在写作与交流中喜欢使用网络语言， 有时讲汉语时还夹杂着英语，如PK等。就此现象，你班最近举行了一场讨论。请根据下表的提示，客观的介绍讨论情况及你的观点。

注意：1．文章的起始句已给出。

      2．词数：120左右（不包括已给的起始句）。

      3. 可根据内容要点适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

      4. 参考词汇：荒诞 ridiculous

–Have you got the results of the final exam?

   --Not yet. It will be a few days ______ we know the full results.

A. since                   B. after                C. before               D. that