中考英语试题

C

We know people can be nice, but what about animals?

Scientists say that some animals are capable（有能力的）of being nice. Animals that live in groups-like foxes, chimpanzees（大猩猩）, and elephants-follow rules. They have to follow rules to get along and to survive（生存）. However, animals can act nicely, even when they don't have to. Here are some surprising stories about animal behavior.

Most people usually walk away when someone is unkind to them. Marc Bekoff, a researcher at the University of Colorado, saw a female（母的）red fox do just that. The female fox was unhappy because a male（公的）fox played roughly（粗鲁地）with her. When she walked away, the male fox showed her that he wanted to play nicely. He lowered his head and rolled on his back. The female fox gave him another chance, and this time, he played more gently.

Geza Teleki is a scientist who studies chimpanzees in Tanzania. One day, Teleki hiked far away from his campsite. He didn't have any food. Teleki wanted some fruit from a tree, but the tree was too tall. A young chimpanzee watched him curiously as he tried to get something to eat. The chimpanzee climbed the tree, picked the fruit, and gave it to him!

An elephant in Kenya hurt his trunk（象鼻子）. He needed help because he couldn't put food into his mouth. Researcher Kayhan Ostovar watched silently. He saw the hurt elephant show his sore trunk to a healthy elephant. The healthy elephant didn't need any more information. He took a bush and put it carefully into his new friend's mouth.

Hippos（河马）and crocodiles are usually good friends. They hang out together in rivers. But Karen Paolillo, a wildlife expert in Zimbabwe, saw something surprising. One day, a crocodile tried to eat a monkey that was next to a river. A hippo ran quickly to the crocodile and chased it away. Why did the hippo attack（攻击）the crocodile? Paolillo says hippos sometimes protect other animals from crocodiles.

41. The main idea of the passage is        .

A. animals that live in groups follow rules

B. some animals can be nice to other animals

C. most animals are nice to people

42. The underlined phrase “do just that” means        .

A. be nice                     B. play roughly                C. walk away

43. We can say that Teleki        .

A. is short                    B. hates hiking                C. could not climb the tree

44. The elephant needed help because ____.

A. the tree was too tall       B. it could not use its trunk  C. it had no food

45. The underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refers to ____.

A. the crocodile               B. the chimpanzee              C. the monkey

—Did you notice ________in her office?

—Yes, she was going over our writing.

A ． what is Ms. Liu doing B ． what Ms. Liu is doing

C ． what was Ms. Liu doing D ． what Ms. Liu was doing

阅读下面短文，在空白处写出各单词的正确形式，单词的第一个字母已给出。

Everyone knows that second-hand smoke is as dangerous as first-hand smoke. But have you h_____51_____ of "third-hand" smoke?

Third-hand smoke means the pollution left on the surfaces (表面) of things around, l______52______ furniture or clothes. When someone smokes in a room, poisonous particles(粒子) in tobacco (烟草) smoke land on the surfaces of the furniture or his clothes, even after the cigarette (香烟) has been put out. This can cause a great danger to your family, e_____53_____younger children.

Babies have only just learned to walk. They are more likely to be harmed by third-hand smoke. This is b_____54_____ they are often close to surfaces of things. Such as floors, walls and furniture where tobacco particles remain. When they t_____55_____ these surfaces, they get their hands polluted.

So, it is necessary and important to say n_____56_____ to third-hand smoke. To achieve this, strict  r_____57_____ for forbidding (禁止) smoking inside homes should be carved out. If one of your family members smokes, please make sure he smokes o____58____ the house. Get him a special jacket and hat, so once he f____59_____ smoking, he will take them off before getting inside the house. Moreover, make sure that a smoker washes his hands and face, and changes his clothes before picking up the baby.

Many times, you cannot see the smoke doing harm to your child, but it doesn't mean he or she is s_______60_______". Give up smoking, or if that is not possible, make sure that your loved ones, far away from third-hand smoke.

请阅读下面短文，在下面的横线上填入与文章意思最符合的单词，并将答案写在答题纸相应的位置上。每空一词。

Learning a new language can open up another world. You are able to talk with new people,explore a new culture and understand a new way of life.

Most children in Britain do not enjoy learning languages. That’s why British people are lazy when it comes to learning new languages. A recent survey found that Britains are the worst language learners in Europe.It found that just one-third of those asked were able to speak a second language.

English is the most widely spoken foreign language in the world. They think they are more difficult and less fun than other subjects. Also, because so many people speak English,they think they don’t need to bother learning a second language.

In fact, children are required to learn foreign languages at school in Britain. They begin learning to speak French in junior school. Children spend an hour a week learning the language. Some schools go on a day trip to France to practice speaking.

When children reach high school they continue their French studies. They are also given the chance to learn German.

In certain schools, children also learn Latin. This language is no longer spoken, but many English words and structures（结构）come from it. Having a good knowledge of Latin helps improve your English.

阅读下面短文，在空白处写出各单词的正确形式，单词的第一个字母已给出。

【2019 •湖北省武汉市】It was at an exhibition of the artist’s works organized by the Red Cross. I was invited as a special g___37___to attend the exhibition. During this period, two cute girls of 16 or 17 years old came to me and asked me for my signature(签名).

“I haven’t brought my pen.  Is the p___38___okay?” Actually, I knew they wouldn’t r___39___. I just wanted to show a well-known writer’s good manners to the c___40___readers.

“Certainly,” the young girls readily a___41___. I could see they were very excited. Of course, their excitement also made me feel more pleased and satisfied. One of the girls h___42___her fine notebook to me. I turned over the cover of the notebook, wrote a few words of encouragement n____43____and signed my name. The girl read my signature, frowned (皱眉), looked at me carefully and asked, “Aren’t you Robert Char?”

“No,” I told her proudly, “I’m the author of Alice Adams, the w___44___of two Pulitzer Prizes.”

The young girl turned to the o___45___,shrugged (耸肩) and said, “Mary, lend your rubber to me.” At that moment, all my p___46____turned into a bubble (泡泡) immediately. Since then, I always warn myself: no matter how outstanding you are, don’t think highly of yourself.

It's a common belief that over time, pet owners start to look like their animals. Now comes the terrifying news that cats look up to their owners as role models and copy their behaviour.

Next time you reach for your fridge, think twice. If your cat is watching, she will probably overeat as well.

In a new study from the University of Messina, it turns out that indoor cats who live closely to their owners “mirror” the lives of their caregivers. They sleep at the same time, eat at the same time, and can even become more or less social depending on the behaviour of their owners.

“Cats are clever animals with a long memory,” Jane Brunt, director of the Catalyst Council, told Discovery News. “They watch and learn from us, noting the

There's no word if drinking green tea and making sure you go to yoga will benefit (使受益) your cat, but based on the study, it sounds like sticking to a healthy eating and sleeping habit is best for both of you.

There's a lot we can learn from our cats in return. “When they sit softly breathing , eyes half closed, the sense of peace and calm that comes over us is like a private less on in inner meditation(冥想)，”Brunt said. They're probably pretty good at remaining calm.

So, according to science, though we think that cats are not close to us all these years, it turns out they are in fact learning from us and looking up to us. Scary, huh?

(  ) 1. What does the word “terrifying” in paragraph 1 probably mean?

   A. 可怕的                            B. 高兴的                    C. 伤心的                    D. 无聊的

(  ) 2. According to the passage, which of the following is WRONG?

A. Cats can copy humans' behaviours.

B. Cats are smart and have a long memory.

C. Green tea and yoga can benefit cats.

D. Humans can learn from cats in some way.

(  ) 3. What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 4 refer to?

A. Humans' keeping searching the fridge.

B. Humans' drinking green tea and going to yoga 

C. Cats' copying humans' habit of looking for food. 

D. Cats' going to their owners for food.

(  ) 4. What can we learn from our cats?

A. To remain peaceful.                  B. To be able to copy.

C. To stay hungry.                     D. To look up to friends.

(  ) 5. The best title for the passage could be “________”．

A. Your cat can bring you pleasure    B. You are copying your cat

C. You can make your cat social      D. Your cat is copying your habit

① 垃圾分类，人人有责。

假如你是李华，你受学生会的委托，向在校交换生发出参与垃圾分类的倡议。请你以 "Waste Sorting-A Must for Everyone" 为题，用英文写一封倡议书，谈谈垃圾分类的意义，以及我们能做什么。

提示词语 :waste sorting( 垃圾分类 ), litter, recycle, protect, environment

提示问题 : Why is waste sorting important?

What can we do to help with waste sorting? Waste Sorting-A Must for Everyone

Dear students,

Waste sorting is becoming increasingly common around our country.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Student Council

—Must I study medicine and be a doctor like you, Dad?

—No, you ______, son. You’re free to make your own decision.

A ． can’t B ． mustn’t C ． shouldn’t D ． needn’t

________ we continue to pull together, we’ll keep winning the game.

A ． As long as B ． Even though C ． As soon as

He got ________ birthday cakes on his ________ birthday.

A ． second ； fifteen B ． two ； fifteen C ． second ； fifteenth D ． two ； fifteenth

—Why were you late for class this morning?

—On my way to school, I happened to see an old man l________ on the ground and helped him to hospital.

—How is everything going with your school life?

—Very well. All my classmates are ________ me.

A ． good at B ． full of C ． friendly to D ． talented in

Yuan Longping a Chinese scientist and educator, died at the age of 91 in Hunan last month. He was called the “Father of Hybrid Rice （杂交水稻） ”and he helped 1 people around the world.

Yuan Longping was the first person to develop a kind of hybrid rice which helped fight 2 in China. Food was a big problem in China in the past. This was because China had 22 percent of the world’s population, but only 7 percent of its 3 . In the 1960s, Chinese people had a difficult time. Millions of people died because they had no food. As an agronomy teacher, Yuan was very 4 to see this. “How can I help them have enough food?” he thought. He decided to work on a kind of hybrid rice. It has a high output （产量） .

At that time, other scientists didn’t think hybrid rice was worth 5 . But Yuan and his team worked on it every day. They took very good care of their rice seeds.

At last, in 1973, they grew a new kind of hybrid rice. This rice is 6 . Farmers can grow it in many different kinds of farmland and in bad 7 . It can also fight disease. Its output was much 8 than common kinds of rice. With the new kind, about 70,000,000 people could have food every year!

Yuan solved the food problem in China. But he was 9 working on rice when he was very old. Before he retired, he hoped to grow rice in the sea!

Yuan once said he had two dreams—to “enjoy the 10 under the rice crops （庄稼） taller than men” and that hybrid rice could be grown all over the world to help solve the global food problem.

1 ． A ． support B ． guard C ． feed D ． educate

2 ． A ． flood B ． hunger C ． earthquake D ． nature

3 ． A ． farmland B ． mountains C ． grassland D ． forests

4 ． A ． angry B ． interested C ． hopeful D ． sad

5 ． A ． discussing B ． studying C ． eating D ． reporting

6 ． A ． expensive B ． new C ． healthy D ． strong

7 ． A ． sea B ． villages C ． weather D ． gardens

8 ． A ． greater B ． smaller C ． less D ． slower

9 ． A ． still B ． again C ． hardly D ． even

10 ． A ． heat B ． cool C ． wealth D ． fame

填入一个适当的词补全对话，每空一词。

A: Hello, Sam. What did you do in class yesterday?

B: We had a 1 ． about TV shows. My classmates like games shows and cartoons.

A: Oh, I can’t 2 ． them. I love soap operas. I like to follow the story and see what 3 ． next.

B: Well, I don’t mind soap operas. But my favorite TV show is the news.

A: It’s boring.

B: Well, it may not be very exciting, but you can know 4 ． going on around the world.

A: You are right. We students should care 5 ． the important events.

假如你是李华，你们学校将组织一次 “ 书法作品展 (Chinese Calligraphy Exhibition) , 活动中不仅有学生作品展，还有书法讲座和书法体验活动等。你打算邀请你们班交换生 Peter 参加，请用英语写一封电子邮件，告诉他活动的时间、地点和内容，以及邀请他参加的原因。

提示词语： on show ( 展出 ) ， lecture, experience, ink and brush, culture

提示问题： • When and where will the exhibition be held?

•What activities will you have?

•Why do you invite Peter to attend it?

Dear Peter,

How is it going?

There’ll be a Chinese calligraphy exhibition in our school.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

If there is anything more that I can help with, please let me know.

Yours,

Li Hua

 If you look around the streets of London, you'll see the many methods people use to move around. Whether ifs a way to work, a trip to the shops, or a sightseeing trip, there are people on buses, the underground, cars, motorbikes, bicycles and even roller skates. The roads are already    50    : and now there's a new addition: electric, or "e-scooters".

This traditional children's vehicle has become more welcomed over the years. And now, with a small electric motor, it's become a cheap and easy way of    51    . Scooting around town can be fun and doesn't need much effort, so they're becoming increasingly welcomed in cities around the world. But following some serious accidents caused by an electric scooter in the UK, questions are being asked about their safety and    52    traffic laws should be changed.

Some scooter riders have been seen on pavements; others on the road jumping red traffic lights, adding to traffic jams on the road. In the UK, the law says that riding one on the public highway or pavement is not    53    . Riders now face a £300 punishment and six points on their driving license for doing so. But, still e-scooters can be seen    54    . And now users are calling on rules to be changed.

The UK government is looking at how safely they can be used on the road and is examining the law again. But the official said, "It is an    55    product. We know there is need among people. However, safety must always be the first to consider when talking about their use on public highways in this country."

There are dangers in riding a two-wheeled scooter. Some of them can drive at high speed, over 30mph. They sometimes only have one brake (刹车) and no lights. It seems more work needs to be done to give e-scooters a safe and right space to travel in.

50．A．cleaned           B．cleared                   C．crowded                 D．covered

51．A．transport         B．calculation              C．fashion                   D．business

52．A．when              B．whether                  C．what                      D．who

53．A．touched           B．designed                 C．programmed           D．allowed

54．A．somewhere      B．nowhere                 C．everywhere             D．anywhere

55．A．expensive        B．old                         C．active                     D．ordinary

Some animals can even see things _______ in the dark.

A ． hardly B ． badly C ． terribly D ． clearly

【2019 • 山东青岛】

Rupert Isaacson was born in Africa and grew up in London and in the English countryside, where he discovered his love of horses. Because he grew up hearing so many fascinating memories about Africa from his parents, he went there and lived with the people called The Bushmen of the Kalahari Desert.

By the year 2000, Rupert was already working as a reporter, writing articles and guidebooks about Africa and India. He met his wife Kristin in India. Today, they live with their son, Rowan, in the US. But Rupert faced the greatest challenge of his life when, at the age of two, Rowan was diagnosed (诊断) with an illness that influenced his ability to communicate with others.

Rupert discovered that spending time with horses and riding them was helping Rowan. But unluckily, the Bushmen of the Kalahari do not have horses. So the family set out for Mongolia, where horses have been important for long. Rupert has written about this journey to help his son in his book Horse Boy, and he has produced a documentary of the same name. In the film, people have the chances to see the family travelling in Mongolia, riding horses and meeting healers (治疗师) in order to help Rowan.

Because working with horses has helped Rowan, Rupert set up The Horse Boy Foundation on his farm in Texas. It is a school that teaches people how to use horses for healing. Besides writing another book, The Long Ride Home, about travelling with Rowan to Africa, Australia and Arizona in the US, Rupert has also produced the documentary Endangerous, with Rowan as host, about dangerous animals that are endangered. Rupert Isaacson has managed to discover the secret of turning one challenge into many achievements.

21. Where did Rupert Isaacson discover his love of horses?

A. In the English countryside.            B. In India.

C. In Africa.                             D. In Mongolia.

22. When was Rowan diagnosed with the illness mentioned in the passage?

A. In the year 2000.                      B. At the age of two.

C. When he was in Mongolia.               D. When he was in London.

23. Why did Rupert’s family go to Mongolia? Because                          there.

A. he worked as a reporter                B. there were no horses

C. there were lots of horses              D. he wanted to meet his wife

24. What is the purpose of The Horse Boy Foundation?

A. To produce a documentary.              B. To communicate with others.

C. To learn how to ride horses.           D. To teach people how to use horses for healing.

25. How many documentaries has Rupert produced in the passage?

A. Two.            B. Three.              C. Four.               D. Five.

阅读下面短文，从短文后备题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可填入空白处的最佳选项。

【2019 • 山东济南】It's interesting to have a chance to teach English abroad because you see a completely different education system． I am teaching in Belgium （比利时） this year and I have realized___11___ there are some big differences．

For example， in the UK， it is ___12___ to wear a school uniform． It is nice to wear a school uniform ___13___you don't have to think about what to wear in the morning．You just put on your uniform and go． This ___14___ a lot of time．

Another difference I have noticed is also about clothing： Teachers___15___ in a more relaxed way in Belgium． They wear___16___． In my experience in the UK， teachers wear similar things to the people ___17___ work in an office： shirts and ties for men； dresses， skirts， dark trousers and shirts for women．

As I am working with older students who are aged___18___ 16 to 18 ， I have also noticed that they have ___19___subjects than I did at their age． In the UK， students only choose four subjects （five if they have very good grades） at 16． Some people like this， because it means they do not have to study subjects they don't like．Others feel that students make such a big choice too___20___, because the subjects they choose at 16 will have an influence on what they can study at university．

11. A. that            B. what                C. how                 D. when

12. A. terrible        B. common              C. expensive           D. difficult

13. A. unless          B. though              C. because             D. if

14. A. has             B. spends              C. wastes              D. saves

15. A. teach           B. dress               C. speak               D. walk

16. A. jeans           B. dresses             C. ties                D. suits

17. A. who             B. where               C. whose               D. which

18. A. at              B. in                  C. between             D. from

19. A. fewer           B. better              C. more                D. less

20. A. late            B. early               C. wisely              D. well

 Sweet wormwood(青蒿) is a common plant in China and Tu Youyou is the woman ___________ used the special power of the plant to save ___________ lives.

A. which; millions of                    B. who; millions of

C. whose; million of                     D. who; million of