_____ the instructions on the packet when you take drug and the drug, I think, will work soon.
A. Follow B. Following C. To follow D. Followed
When a big boat, like a cruise ship, goes through the ocean, it often creates waves. This happens when the large engines on the back of the cruise ship cause the water on the ocean’s surface move up and down violently. These waves move out from the boat in both directions. If you are captaining a smaller boat, you’d better steer clear of a ship’s wake, so that your boat is not surfing on the waves, causing it to overturn.
A wave is a pattern of motion. When you look at a wave, it may appear as simply water moving across the surface of the ocean. In fact, this is false. The water is actually not moving in the same direction as the wave. While the wave itself -- the pattern of motion – is moving across the surface of the ocean, the water is actually moving in a circular motion, which brings the water molecules back to their original position. The water merely gives the appearance of moving forward.
If this is confusing, think of the kind of wave you do at a baseball stadium. Viewed from a distance, the wave is clearly moving across the stadium. But the thing that makes up the wave – the people – are not moving across the stadium, they’re just moving up and down in their seats. This is just like the water in an ocean wave. A lot of water is moving up and down, which gives water the appearance of moving along with the wave.
Surfers pay a lot of attention to waves. If you’re not in an area where the waves are suitable for surfing, then you can’t surf. Usually, surfers gather in areas known for big waves – waves that rise high off the ocean’s surface. If the wave is bigger, then the surfer is often able to surf for longer distances and perform more tricks. The height of a wave is known as its amplitude ( 振幅,幅度,波幅) . If you could make a wave freeze, then you could measure the wave’s amplitude by running a tape measure from the ocean’s surface to the very peak of the wave.
All waves can be measured using amplitude and wavelength. While the waves created by a boat have very small amplitude – sometimes as small as a few centimeters – the wavelength can be very short, as lots of waves are being generated. By contrast, a tsunami has very high amplitude, sometimes more than 100 feet, but a relatively long wavelength, as it’s a high wave.
Waves generated in the same way can have great differences in amplitude and wavelength. For example, think back to the cruise ship. While each ship creates waves caused by the movement of the boat, the properties of each of the waves may be very different. For example, a larger cruise ship, with powerful engines, may create a wave that has high amplitude and a short wavelength. However, if the ship’s engines slow down, they may then start creating less powerful waves at a slower rate. This would cause the waves’ amplitude to decrease, but its wavelength to increase.
63. What does the phrase “steer clear of a cruise ship’s wake” in the 1st paragraph mean?
A. keep awake while steering a ship B. get a clear view of what is ahead
C. keep away from the cruise ship D. follow the cruise ship very closely
64. The author gives an example of wave people do in the stadium in order to _____________.
A. describe how excited people are in a basketball stadium
B. clear the confusion over measuring the wave’s amplitude
C. demonstrate how to make waves in a basketball stadium
D. explain why the water appears to move along the waves
65. The last paragraph gives us the impression that ________________.
A. the wave’s amplitude may vary, but its wavelength remain the same
B. the more powerful the ships engines are, the higher the waves they generate
C. the amplitude of a wave depends on the direction the water moves forward
D. measuring the amplitude and wavelength of waves is not quite easy
66. What is this passage mainly about?
A. How waves are created and measured.
B. What makes the sea water move forwards.
C. Why people create waves in the stadium.
D. How to steer a cruise ship in the rough sea.
Climate change will increase US wildfires,and the smoky air will cause terrible problems in areas far beyond those burned,reports an environmental group Thursday.
Two-thirds of Americans,or nearly 212 million,lived in states suffering from wildfire smoke three years ago,according to the report by the Natural Resources Defense Council(NRDC).These areas,which had smoke for at least a week,were nearly 50 times greater than those burned directly by fire.
“It affects a much wide area of the United States than people have realized.” says author Kim Knowlton,a Columbia University health professor,adding the smoke can move up to hundreds of miles.She says the smoke contains air pollution and can cause several kinds of diseases.
Texas was hit hardest in 2011,when smoke stayed for at least a week in areas that are home to 25 million people,according to NRDC’s report.Illinois,which recorded no wildfires within its borders,came second with
nearly 12 million people affected by smoke that moved in from elsewhere.The other eight states with the most people in touch with smoky air were,in descending order: Florida,Missouri,Georgia,Louisiana,Michigan,Alabama,Oklahoma and Iowa.
Nearly two dozen states had no wildfires within their borders in 2011,but eight of them still had at least one week of smoky air: Illinois,Missouri，Iowa,Kansas,Nebraska,Indiana,Wisconsin and Ohio.
Only 18 states and the District of Columbia had no people in touch with at least a week of smoke that year,although five of them—Alaska,California,Hawaii,Nevada and Utah—had a large area burned by wildfires.
The problem will only get worse.Knowlton says.Scientific research shows climate is causing higher temperatures and health problems.
13．We can learn from the first two paragraphs that_______.
A. climate change killed many Americans
B. there are fewer states burned by wildfires
C. every state had wildfire smoke for at least a week
D. most Americans suffered from wildfire smoke 3 year ago
14．Which of the following states had wildfires within its borders in 2011?
A. Iowa. B. Kansas. C. Ohio. D. California.
15．The underlined word “descending” in the fourth paragraph probably means _______.
A. going down B. coming true C. looking practical D. turning back
16．What is the text mainly about?
A. Climate change causes more wildfires.
B. Wildfire smoke becomes a serious health problem.
C. More wildfires cause climate changes.
D. Air pollution becomes a terrible problem.
Now that we ____ all the money, it's no use turning on me and saying it's all my
fault.
A. had lost B. lost C. have lost D. lose
Here is some general information about Edison Elementary School. For more information, you can visit our website which is printed on the cover.
Attendance：
Please contact the office at 480－472－5282 if your child is going to be absent.
Renaissance Reading：
The Accelerated Reader (AR) Program is a computerized reading enrichment program that combines great children's literature with computer skills. As an individualized reading program, it is designed to motivate students to read more and to read good literature. Students of different abilities can use this program. It is not a competitive program but one that improves any student's reading ability.
Here is how it works. Students select books in their reading ranging from our Accelerated Reader Selection and read it at their own pace. Once the student has completed the book, he/she is ready to take an AR quiz. Each quiz consists of 5, 10, or 20 multiple choice comprehensive questions about the book.
After taking the quiz, the computer shows the student how many questions he/she answered correctly, shows the correct answers for missed questions, and praises the students' efforts with an onscreen personalized message. Passing the quiz assures the teacher and the parent that the child actually read and understood the book. Each student tests independently—reading the quiz questions himself/herself.
The computer keeps track of reading points, books, and average test scores, as well as other data. A student may test on a book only once and should, therefore, have thoroughly read and understood the contents before taking the quiz. Each student is responsible for reading the screen to be sure the quiz, by title and author, is the correct one he/she wishes to take.
Students are recognized for their accomplishments with praise from the teachers and special recognition at the classroom level when individual and/or classroom goals are met.
P. T. O
We have an active Parent Teacher Organization. They have monthly meetings. C/heck the calendar for the meeting times and places.
13．The passage is written for________.
A．general readers B．parents
C．teachers D．primary students
14．Which of the following is TRUE about how Renaissance Reading works?
A．Students select books based on the instruction of the computer.
B．Students take the quiz without others' arrangements.
C．The result of the quiz will be kept by teachers.
D．The summary of the book to be selected is shown on the screen.
15．It can be inferred from the passage that______.
A．students won't be punished if they don't pass the quiz
B．students only have one chance to test on a book
C．students won't be praised if they reach their goals
D．parents meet the teachers only once a term
When you take a walk in any of the cities in the West, you often see a lot of people____41____ (walk) with dogs. It is still true that the dog is the most useful and faithful animal in the world. But the reasons why people keep a dog_____42_____(change). In the old days, people used to train dogs to protect themselves against the attacks from____43____beasts. And later they came_____44_____( realize) that the dog was not only useful____45____willing to obey its master. For example, when people used dogs for hunting, the dogs would not eat what they caught without_____46_____(permit). But now people in the city need not protect themselves against attacks of animals. Why do they keep dogs, then? Some people keep dogs to protect themselves from robbery, but the _____47_____(important) reason is for companionship. For a child,____48____dog is his best friend when he has no friends to play with; for a young couple, a dog is ____49____child when they have no children; for old couples, a dog is also their child when their real children have grown up. So the main reason why people keep dogs has changed____50____protection
I don’t think he is the right person to do that job, _____?
A. isn’t he B. don’t I C. do I D. is he
A . The different structure of blue holes.
B. Why scientists are interested in blue holes.
C. How a blue hole comes into being.
D. Blue holes exploring is becoming popular.
E. Rules to obey when diving into blue holes.
F. The general definition of a blue hole.
61. ______________
A blue hole is a flooded sea cave with a hole that opens up at the land's surface. These cave systems form in carbonate rock, often on islands. Some blue holes have very special rock formations and water chemistry. Far below sea level, they contain some of the harshest environments on Earth, with no oxygen and no light. Yet these areas are filled with life forms that have adapted to the extreme conditions.
62. ____________
Blue holes get their name from the color some have when seen from the air. The color is usually a reflection of the sky on the water. Blue holes are the result of erosion in which water breaks down rock. Rain falling thousands of years ago contained chemicals which slowly wore away at the limestone landmass. These holes later filled with sea water as the sea level changed. The rising and falling of sea levels and the mixture of salt and fresh water further wore away at these cave formations.
63. ____________
These flooded cave systems can be found in the ocean, or they can be found inland. Ocean caves are affected by tides, so they always have water movement. But blue holes on land are very still. They have several layers of water, chemicals, and bacteria. The top layer of fresh water comes from rainfall. This layer acts like a cap on top of the layered mixture, and keeps out oxygen from the atmosphere. The fresh water floats on a denser layer of saltwater. Underneath this is a layer of poisonous hydrogen sulfide, produced by bacteria living in the water. Underneath this layer is anoxic seawater -- water that does not contain any oxygen.
64. ___________
Information gathered from these blue holes is helping scientists to increase their understanding of biology, archaeology and geology. But exploring these blue hole environments brings danger as well as discovery. Scientists are interested in these caves because oxygen-free conditions there are similar to those on Earth long ago, before oxygen existed on our planet. But there are many difficulties involved in diving into blue holes.
65. ___________
One reason blue holes have not been fully explored is that they can be extremely dangerous. There are many safety rules that divers must follow to help ensure their survival. First, divers must have training and experience to swim in these caves. Divers who explore a cave for the first time must establish a thin rope called a guideline. This line helps them to safely enter and exit the cave without getting lost.
It is often confusing to parent children with learning disabilities, ADHD and related disorders. One of the biggest confusions and challenges parents face is the large gap between what the children can do and what they cannot do. Often they are very smart, know a great deal, and reason well, yet cannot read or write. School teachers and family may be telling them to try harder, and they are usually trying their hearts out. They tend to work 10 times harder than everyone else does, but still they may be called lazy.
Another aspect of the confusion for parents lies in how hard it can be to distinguish between a child who can’t do something and a child who won’t do something. For parents, it can be frustrating not to be able to control a 5 or 6 – year – old or to know whether to push an adolescent or reduce expectations. In this confusion, parents tend to ask, “What is wrong with me?” rather than “What challenges is my child having to face?” Shifting this focus can be useful for parents and children. Children may seem to be having behavior problems when, in fact, they are facing difficulties in accomplishing a task.
Children tend to withdraw or act out when a task is too demanding. It can help parents to know that when children say they hate something, that usually serves as a wonderful diagnostic tool, indicating what is difficult or impossible for them. For example, when a child loves dance, art, and music but hates drama, it could be that the child has a speech / language problem. When a child hates math or reading, these are likely areas of difficulty. Conversely, what children like and want to do usually serve as indicators of their strengths.
While a diagnosis will help to some extent, the job of sorting out these issues on a day – to – day basis is no small task. On a planning level, confusion occurs because teachers, doctors, psychologists, and social workers may disagree not only on diagnosis but on the best treatments or programs for a child. This can be frustrating and anxiety – provoking for parents who have to pull all the information together and decide what to do, right or wrong. Additionally, at home and elsewhere, parents must anticipate (预料到) problems and sense when their children are tired, or frustrated, or about to explode. Parents must trust their guts (直觉) as to how long the child can last at a party, or sit in a restaurant, or be pleasant with visitors. While parents have to do this with all children, it is much more challenging with this population.
1．From the first paragraph we learn that some children can’t read or write probably because .
A．they are lazy and refuse to try
B．they suffer from ADHD, and related disorders
C．they don’t like their teachers
D．they are as confused as their parents
2．If parents find it difficult to control a 5 or 6–year–old child, they should .
A．find out whether a certain task is too challenging or even impossible for their children
B．find out what’s wrong with themselves
C．either push them on or reduce expectations
D．take them to hospital
3．If something is too difficult for a child, he or she is likely to .
A．pretend to be interested B．say he / she hate it
C．turn to others for help D．move away and cry
4．Which can be the best title for this passage?
A．Symptoms of ADHD B．Understanding children’s behavior
C．Parents’ confusion D．Don’t be too strict with your children
Tom, why ______ you leave all your clothes on the floor like this?
A .would B. must C. need D. may
I believe that my country，Poland，is a perfect example for a place where food is particularly important. When we were little children, we began to understand how much a loaf of bread meant to our parents—to some it might sound silly but for me the custom of kissing bread before you started cutting it was simply amazing. It’s not so common nowadays to treat food that way，since you hardly ever bake your own bread. Besides, everyone would call you crazy if you tried to kiss every bread roll before you ate them! But though we no longer make our food from scratch (起点), some customs have been kept—that’s why I feel so sorry every time I have to throw any food away—even though I no longer live with my parents and nobody would blame me for this anymore!
Many people of our nation are still working as farmers, eating what they grow and harvest and therefore enjoying everything more. It’s widely known that you value more anything that needs your effort in the first place. In most homes in Poland, especially those of farmers, the whole family would try and have their meals together—extremely difficult now, but so rewarding! You can share other members’ troubles and successes, give your children some attention, or just sit down for a moment, instead of rushing through life aimlessly. Furthermore, your body，and stomach in particular will be very grateful for such a time!
In Poland, a wedding，Christmas or even a birthday is celebrated with a great meal. Women in the house get together and cook ,sometimes for a few days before the event，and the extremely good or unusual food will be remembered and widely talked about.
You cannot over-value the importance of food in the country. What’s more, almost everyone in Poland will be as interested in the topic as I am.
13.When the writer was a child, he/she _______.
A. found people were crazy about bread
B. began to realize the importance of food
C. thought that cutting bread was amazing
D. learned people hardly baked their own bread
14.The writer feels very sorry when he/she has to throw away any food because___________.
A. he/she makes food from scratch
B. his/her parents would blame him/her
C. some customs still have effect on him/her
D. many people are still working hard as farmers
15.From the text, we can learn that, in Poland, ________.
A. most meals can be interesting topics for a long time
B. the whole family often have meals together nowadays
C. it’s common for women to get together to cook for a few days
D. family members can know more about each other by having meals together
Various summer camps being available, we can choose ______ based on our own interest.
A. either B. each C. one D. it
The Hearst Castle
Hearst Castle is a palatial park on the central California coast and a National Historic Landmark．It was designed by architect Julia Morgan for William Randolph Hearst from 1919 until 1947．In 1957 , the Hearst Coiporation donated the fortune to the state of California．Since that time it has been maintained as a state historic park where the estate and its considerable collection of art and antiques are open for public tours．Despite its location far from any urban center, the site attracts roughly one million visitors per year．
Guided Tours
There are several tours which highlight various parts of the castle and gardens．
●Tour One is recommended for first time visitor．It now includes the movie, Hearst Castle Building the Dream．
●Tour Two gives visitors a closer look at the main house's upper floors, Mr. Hearst's private suite, the libraries, and the kitchen．
●Tour Three looks at the Castle's North Wing, guest rooms and guest house Casa Del Monte．
●Tour Four features the impressive gardens and grounds, the largest guesthouse, the wine basement, and the Hidden Terrace．
●The evening tour is a special tour that allows visitors to experience the Castle at night as one of the Hearst's own visitors might have．
Ticket Prices
Hearst Castle accepts VISA, MasterCard, American Express and Discover．Free day use parking is available for automobiles, motorcycles, tour buses and recreational vehicles．
| TOURS | ADULT | Ages 6 – 17 |
| Experience Tour | $24 | $12 |
| Tours 2, 3 or 4 | $ 24 | $ 12 |
| Evening tour | $30 | $15 |
* Children under 6 are free when accompanied by a paying adult．
Reservation Information
While tickets may be purchased at the Visitor Center upon arrival, tour reservations are strongly recommended and may be reserved online now or by calling 1 - 800 - 444 - 4445, see below for times．
| Reservation Call Center Hours | ||
| Dates | Monday-Friday | Saturday-Sunday |
| March-September | 8AM to 6PM | 8AM to 6PM |
| October-February | 9AM to 5PM | 9AM to 3PM |
Visit www. Hearstcastle. org for more information．
1．Who does the Hearst Castle belong to at present?
A．William Randolph Hearst． B．Julia Morgan．
C．The state of California． D．The Hearst Corporation．
2．If you are quite interested in wine, which tour will you choose?
A．Tour One． B．Tour Two．
C．Tour Three． D．Tour Four．
3．If a young couple take Tour One with their 5-year-old son, how much will they pay for the tickets?
A．36． B．60． C．48． D．75．
4．Which of the following is the available time to book tickets by phone?
A．At 8 AM on Monday in February． B．At 9 AM on Sunday in March．
C．At 7 PM on Friday in September． D．At 6 PM on Saturday in October．
one day，I noticed the most beautiful Cadillac pull in the lot while waiting for my husband．A pretty female driver pulled into the spot beside our car．There was a striking resemblance to Liz Taylor．Her eyes were as blue as the sea，and teeth like an even row of pearls. A few minutes 1ater，a nice looking man entered her car，leaned over and kissed her and she drove away.
Sitting there，I wanted to cry．How could some people have it all?
Then it became almost routine to see her about once a week．She seemed friendly and always waved，flashing a big smile．My envy continued to exist long after she drove away.
A couple of weeks later，sitting in our usual parking lot，I was holding a book，watching her over the top of it．Her husband came to the car，took her arm and helped her out of the car. I could see very well as she moved to get out．She unsteadily walked around to the passenger side very slowly， leaning on a walking cane．Sitting sideways．she lifted one leg with her hands and then the other．The beautiful lady had a prosthesis(假肢) on the left Ieg and a brace(支持物) on the right leg．
I couldn’t watch them drive away as the tears were blinding me．Through my tears，I told my husband about the beautiful lady．He said he knew her husband and the story．The lady and her parents were in a car that got caught on the railroad tracks and was hit by a train．Both parents were killed and she was severely injured．She was only 12 years old．The railroad made a large settlement with her because the crossing had no signals．He explained her car was specially built for her needs as well as the home．
I prayed for forgiveness all the way home．The lady I thought had everything I didn’t．I realized how lucky I was to have my parents，the ability to walk，run or dance through life and many wonderful things money can’t buy．I would not have traded places with the beautiful lady for anything．
When you meet a person who seems to be much better off than you，don’t be fooled．
24．Why did the author want to cry when noticing the beautiful lady?
A．She thought of Liz Taylor．
B．She had no such expensive car．
C．She disliked her own eyes and teeth．
D．She envied what the lady owned．
25．Which of the following can best replace the word“settlement”in Paragraph 5？
A．Replacement． B．Payment． C．Appointment． D．Encouragement．
26．What made the author pray for forgiveness all the way home?
A．Regretting her marriage．
B．Admiring the lady’s appearance．
C．Knowing the lady’s suffering．
D．Leaving without waving to the lady．
27．What does the author want to tell us?
A．Seeing is believing．
B．Looks can be deceiving．
C．Happiness consists in beauty．
D．Everything happens for the best．
一I bought this coat at taobao．com．
—It looks beautiful．As I am busy，can you buy for me?
A．this B．that C．such D．one
is a complete mystery.
A．What has happened to him B．That has happened to him
C．What happens for him D．That happens for him
_______ for the elderly, the need to take it for walks may be a disadvantage.
A. However good a companion a dog may be
B. Whatever a dog may be a good companion
C. Whatever a good companion can a dog be
D. However a good companion can a dog be
He never doubted they would succeed.
A．if B．whether C．that D．which
First, you ought to know that I’m “only” fourteen. My mother points this out often. I can make my own decisions when I’m old enough to vote, she says. Second, I should tell you that she’s right — I’m not always responsible. I sometimes take the prize for grade-A dork（呆子）. Take last weekend for instance. I was staying at Dad’s, and I decided it was time I learned to drive. It was Sunday morning, 7 A.M., and I hadn’t slept well. I’d been up thinking about an argument, which I’ll tell you about in a minute. Well, nobody was up yet in the neighborhood, so I thought it couldn’t hurt to back the car out of the garage and drive around the block. But Dad has a clutch（离合器）car. The “R” on the shift handle was up on the left side, right next to first gear（档位）. I guess you can guess the rest.
Dad’s always been understanding. He didn’t say, “Okay, little Miss Know-It-All, you can just spend the rest of the year paying this off,” which is what Mom would have said. Instead, Dad worried about what might have happened to me. And that made me feel more guilty than anything. I think he’d be a better number-one caregiver, but I can’t say things like that to Mom. To her, I have to say, “But Mom, Dad’s place is closer to school. I could ride my bike,” to which she replies, “Amy Lynn, you don’t own a bike. Remember? You left it in the yard, and it was stolen. And you haven’t got the patience to earn the money to replace it.”
56. The writer feels guilty because she ________.
A. made her dad worry B. ruined the car
C. broke the law D. didn’t tell her mom about the car incident
57. The main conflict between the writer and her mother is about whether she ________.
A. can make her own decisions
B. should live with her mom or her dad
C. should be allowed to drive
D. should pay for things she loses or breaks
58. The writer’s mother thinks the writer is ________.
A. too attached to her dad B. too emotional
C. too shy D. irresponsible
59. In the first sentence, the writer used “only” to suggest that she ________.
A. doesn’t want to grow old
B. thinks fourteen is old enough for some things
C. wishes she were older
D. thinks fourteen is an embarrassing age
Lots of people stress out about talking in front of the class or getting laughed
at if they make a mistake in front of an audience. 36 The “stress hormones"
that your body produces at times like these can actually help you focus.
But when worry and stress about performing get to be too much, these
hormones give people that “red alert（紧急状态）”feeling-the one that causes
you to feel cold or sweaty, or get butterflies in your stomach. 37
Be prepared. 38 Rehearse（排练）as much as you can and practice in
front of others at every opportunity. Most of all, think positively. Tell yourself
“I'll be OK" or “ I can do this" even if you are not 100% sure of it
Look after yourself. Before big performances it's easy to let taking care of
yourself slip as you spend too much time on rehearsals and practice. 39
Exercise can also help you feel good, and along with sleep and nutrition, is an
excellent way of keeping those stress hormones from getting out of control.
Find out what the experts do. You can find books, DVDs, and online
information about how to give your best when you perform, depending on what
type of performance you're preparing for. 40 Or ask the cast of your school
play or your drama or music teacher how they beat stage fright. And if your
parents or grandparents ever performed, they may have their own secrets to
share.
A. Confidence helps beat stress hormones.
B. The following tips can help you avoid that feeling.
C. You're less likely to freeze up if you're well prepared.
D. You can do this whether you're performing alone or as part of a group.
E. Check out stories about Olympic gymnasts or your favorite star to get their
tips.
F. Feeling nervous before a performance is part of your body's way of helping
you do your best.
G. You'll look and feel your best if you get enough sleep and eat healthy meals
before your performance.
