Conventional wisdom is a major barrier to innovation(创新) that threatens the survival of companies everywhere. It’s based on the assumption that old ideas will always work, so they shouldn’t be challenged. While this may be a valid assumption in situations that don’t change, it’s unlikely to hold true in a changing situation. In today’s rapid changing global environment, old methods often don't work, and stubbornly using them can lead to major problems.

Most people seem to agree with conventional wisdom because it gives one a false sense of security. If everyone else believes it, then it must be true. Individuals who use conventional wisdom are certain that they are right, and being right is good. They want to continue using old ideas rather than take risks with changes that might not work. In 1977, Ken Olsen, co-founder and CEO of Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC), stated “There is no reason for any individual to have a computer in his home.” Despite being a dominant leader in the computer industry, DEC no longer exists.

People seem to forget that since innovation is a change, there can be no innovation without change. Unfortunately, conventional wisdom prevents leaders, followers and companies from changing and therefore innovating. If companies don’t innovate, but their competitors do, the future is likely to be problematic. Breaking from conventional wisdom has led to many of the most innovative companies and products in history across many industries, so it has a powerful effect on business success.

Ted Turner (founder of CNN) knew little, if anything, about the news business, but he knew it was inconvenient to watch news only at the dinner hour, as was common before CNN. Turner’s solution was to create a cable channel dedicated to news 24 hours a day. The news establishment reflected conventional wisdom at the time, and predicted his idea would fail because no one wanted to watch the news all day. However, it doesn’t take a rocket scientist to understand that viewers don’t have to watch the news all day for the CNN to work. Viewers just have to watch when they want to get information. Due to conventional thinking, the critics failed to recognize the opportunity that was clear to Ted. They assumed that only what was familiar to them could work in the future.

Conventional wisdom prevents creativity, flexibility and risk-taking, so unconventional leaders enthusiastically break from it. To survive, thrive and maintain competitive advantage, companies must be flexible when reacting to change.

9. DEC has disappeared probably because ___________.

   A. the CEO stuck to the conventional ideas

   B. the leaders lacked the sense of security

   C. the consumers didn’t like its products

   D. the employees took many risks with changes

10.  The founding of CNN is used as an example to prove _________.

   A. missing opportunities could lead to failure

   B. conventional wisdom influences business success

   C. watching news at the dinner hour is convenient

   D. changing could contribute to business success

11.  What does the underlined part probably mean?

   A. Rocket scientists can ensure the CNN works properly.

   B. It’s easy to know people needn’t watch the news all the time 

 C. It’s necessary to understand when people watch the news.

   D. Most of the viewers don’t like to watch the news at work.

12. The passage is mainly written to tell us that ______.

   A. conventional wisdom limits innovation   B. opportunities lead to business success

   C. old methods are changing with time     D. successful companies need wise leaders   

 -Mum，I always feel everything is unfair to me．   

--Complaints in life ________ no sense，for things will be what they should be．

A． make               B． have made     C． will make          D． are making

 Thank you very much, But for your help. I ________ to life in London so quickly.

A. wouldn’t have adapted  B. wouldn’t adapt        C. won’t adapt             D. haven’t adapted

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;

2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Recently,a famous basketball player has caused public angry by writing on the Great Wall.In the fact,this happens in many place of interest.I had some suggestions to solve this problem.

First,make more posters to inform the public the damage of graffiti(涂鸦).Besides,punishments,such as a fine,is necessary to tourists with so bad behaviors.Also,I think it’s helpfully to put up some boards along the tourist attractions that tourists can leave messages.

I’m sure with our efforts,more and more people will become concerning about protecting cultural relics.

假如你是学生会主席李华，为了增进学生之间的交流，学生会决定在网络上建立中外学生英文交流论坛，请你根据下面的要提提示介绍此论坛。

注意：1. 词数100左右  2.  可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

 The hip-pop singer is always drawing attention to issues that are usually ignored. That’s ____ is so great about him.

A. that                B. what

C. all                 D. how

   The question was once asked of a businessman who  61  (success) highly ,“How have you done so much in your lifetime?” He replied, “I have dreamed. I have turned my mind loose to imagine   62   I wanted to do. Then I have gone to bed and thought about my dreams. In   63   night I dreamt about my dreams. And when I   64  (awake) in the morning, I saw the way to make my dreams real. While other people were saying, ‘You can’t do that. It is not possible.’ I was well on my way to   65   (achieve) what I wanted.”

As Woodrow Wilson, 28th President of the U.S, said, “We grow great by dreams.” All big men are dreamers. They see things in the soft haze of a spring day , or in the red fire on a long winter’s evening.

Some of us let these dreams die,  66  others nourish and protect them. Nourish them   67   bad days until they bring them to the sunshine and light which comes always to   68   who sincerely hope that their dreams will come true.

So please, don’t let anyone steal your dreams, or try to tell you they are too   69  (possible). Sing your songs, dream your dreams and pray your   70   (pray).

After the robbery, the police arrived at ______scene in _____ flash.

A.a;a                        B.a;the                         C.the;the               D.the;a

 The argument went on for hours as neither side would 　　　. 

A. give in               B. give away    C. give off    D. give out

Dear Mr White,

I am writing tell you a place of good news.Last week our school hold a Spoken English Competition.I stood out in the competition and won a first place.In my view,it is your kind help which has helped me gain the achievement.During your spare time,you often spent such much time helping me with you spoken English that I made rapid progress.In the competition,I followed your advices on how to behave,which led to my success.I’m grateful to you for your help and decide that I will make up more effort and try to make great progress in the future.

I’m looking forward to hear from you soon.

                                               Your sincerely

                                                 Li Hua

Yours,

Li Hua

Wood-block printing first appeared in the early Tang period. During the Song dynasty, the technique of block printing was very advanced. Books were   61   (beautiful) printed. Even today the books   62   (print) at the time are valuable and treasured by libraries and book collectors.

However, block printing   63   (be) not very convenient. Every two pages of a book had to be carved on a wood block, and a big book would require many blocks. Besides, there had to be large places for storing the books.   64   (overcome) these shortcomings, Bi Sheng invented the movable type during the years between 1041 and 1048. One word was carved on one piece of clay,   65   was hardened with fire. Then clay characters were set on   66   iron plate according to the text of a book. Then ink was applied to them and   67   (sheet) of paper spread over them, and the printing was done. Bi Sheng’s invention made printing faster and easier   68   before. Later, movable type of metal and wood was made and widely used.

The technique of printing was gradually known to other Asian countries and Europe. The great influence printing had   69   the advance of civilization is too clear to need any   70   (explain).

Evergreen Teen Book Club Offer

The Evergreen Teen Book Club invites you to join us and take full advantage of our limited-time introductory offer.

If you join our club, you will receive a certificate for 3 free books. These are yours to keep, even if you decide to cancel your membership. However, if you decide to purchase just one book at the regular club price, you will receive a certificate for an additional 3 free selections after your first order is placed.

As our member, you can benefit from all of our super sales and our Bonus Program. You accumulate 2 bonus points with each cash purchase of one book. Every 6 bonus points will earn you a certificate for one free book!

To join our club, fill in the brief application listing your name, address, and phone number on the postage-paid card at the bottom of this page. Then drop the card in the mail and our present catalogue will be immediately mailed out to you for your 3 free selections!

This catalogue offers a wide selection of over 500 books in every issue, including mysteries, adventures, biographies, cookbooks, sports, and many more. Our catalogue also contains interviews with your favorite authors, reviews of newly published novels, and a teen top-ten list for both fiction and nonfiction.

Once you are a member, you will receive our catalogue monthly, but you don’t need to purchase any selections. We send you only exactly what you order.

If you join before June 30 th, we will also provide complimentary shipping (免费送货)，even if you choose to order nothing except your 3 free books.

You can build a great book collection!

Begin now by taking advantage of this great offer.

25. If you join the Evergreen Teen Book Club, you can __________.

A. buy books at cost price

B. get one free book for a cash purchase of 3 books

C. receive a gift after each order

D. expect 3 free books each month

26. If Lily wants to get free delivery, she should __________.

A. accumulate 6 bonus points

B. order at least 3 books

C. purchase the catalogue

D. join the club before June 30th

27. The purpose of the text is to get more people to __________.

A. collect books for the club

B. read different kinds of books

C. join the club and order books

D. learn from famous writers

 Jeremy’s fans in China are going crazy about this 23-year-old Harvard graduate, _____ it’s a breakthrough in American basketball history.

       A. saying                                                  B. said

       C. having said                                           D. to say

 The dog is a lovely animal. _______ one which lives in _______ flat below mine is particularly pretty.  

A. The; the                   B. 不填；a                 C. The; a                           D. The；不填  

 --- I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to a railway official.

 --- How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone ______ it.

A. may have stolen    B. might have stolen   C. should have stolen    D. must have stolen

Five Tips for Preparing Your Presentation

For presentations in English, the best time to present ideas is at the beginning.    36        When we write our ideas down without such a plan, they are not clear and our presentation will not be well organized.

Preparing the story message helps speakers give a successful presentation. Hereare five tips for academic presentations, such as those given at professional conferences. 

1. Understand the difference between a title and a topic. A topic is general, while a title is more specific.    37   

Title is simply what you call your presentation.Make sure the title can summarize your subject accurately. 

2. Provide an image for those who are not experts in your subject. Explain how your research relates to other fields

3. Work on transitions as you go from image to image.    38     Because transitions serve as bridges to each

new image. Additionally, transitional words and phrases can create powerful links between ideas in your presentation and can help your audience understand the logic of your presentation.

4.    39    What questions might they have about each image? Prepare an extra image that would help explain 

the most difficult question you expect. 

5.Rehearse your presentation with a timing device. At most conferences, there is a time limit.          40       Cut your presentation to fit the time you are permitted. And you can rehearse in front of a mirror a couple of times, and then recruit a few friends or family members to serve as a practice audience for your presentation. 

Learning a new culture for presentation is really really tough for many people, as it is with all language learning. 

Presentation, or course, is a part of language learning. There’s culture in everything we do in English, as well as in 

presentation.” Therefore, using these tips for improving your presentations in English should help make the process 

easier.

A. These should make the connections between your ideas clear.

B. It is disrespectful to take more than your share of the time.

C. English is the language of many international conferences.

D. Speakers should make a plan to present their ideas.

E. Prepare a speech without thinking of the main idea.

F. Topic is the subject matter concerning “what it is about”.

G. Look at each image from the audience’s point of view.

北京每月22日定为“让座日”，在公交车上经常让座的乘客，将有机会获得奖励。对此，网民看法不一。请根据下表所提供的信息，写一篇100字左右的短文，谈谈你自己的看法。

注意: 1 不要逐条翻译；可适当发挥；  2 短文开头已给出，不计入总词数；

        Beijing named the 22nd of every month as “Seat-giving Day” to encourage passengers on public transport to give up seats to those in greater need, and those commuters who refuse to do so will get criticized. This activity arouses different opinions among netizens.