After a lengthy discussion, they finally_______ up with a suggestion for solving the problem.

  A. went         B. came       C. kept       D. looked

   Our body clock, or natural body rhythm, influences our energy and alertness. Paying attention to it can help us choose the suitable time of the day when we best perform specific tasks.

  The reality, however, is that most of us organize the time around work demands, school deadlines, commuting or social events. Doing whatever the body feels like doing is a luxury in today’s fast-paced modern society.

  But that doesn’t mean it isn’t worth trying. Obeying our body clock has significant health benefits. Disrupting our natural body rhythm, on the other hand, has been linked to problems such as depression, obesity, or headache, says Steve Key, a biology professor.

  When the body clock can synchronize (使……同步) the rhythms of its natural processes, it “gives us an advantage in daily life”, says Key.

  According to him, when it comes to cognitive (认知的) work, most adults perform best in the late morning. As our body temperature starts to rise just before awakening in the morning and continues to increase until midday, our memory, alertness and concentration gradually improve.

  However, he adds, our ability to concentrate typically starts to decrease soon thereafter. Most of us are more easily distracted (分心) between noon and 4 pm.

  Alertness also tends to fall after eating a meal and sleepiness tends to peak around 2 pm, making that a good time for a nap.

  Surprisingly, tiredness may increase our creative powers. For most adults, problems that require open-ended thinking are often best dealt with in the evening when they are tired, according to a study in the journal Thinking & Reasoning.

  When choosing a time of the day to exercise, paying attention to your body clock can improve results. Physical performance is usually best from about 3 to 6 pm, says   Michael Smolensky, a professor of biomedical engineering.

  Of course, not everyone’s body clock is the same, making it even harder to synchronize natural rhythms with daily plans.

28. If we know our natural body rhythm well, we can ______.

A. find out the suitable time to do specific tasks

B. organize our time around work demands

C. do whatever our body feels like doing

D. be sure to be healthy

29. Which of the following is NOT true?

A. Our alertness is influenced by our natural body rhythm.

B. Doing whatever your body feels like is very difficult in our modern society.

C. Obeying our body clock is good for our health.

D. Disrupting our natural body rhythm can lead to obesity.

30. Inspiration (灵感) to solve a difficult problem will most probably come to us______.

A. when we get up in the morning

B. when we are tired in the evening

C. when we are full of energy in the late morning

D. when we are asleep at night

31. Which of the following can be the suitable title for the passage?

A. What is natural body rhythm?

B. Natural body rhythm is good for us.

C. Something about natural body rhythm.

D. The latest research about natural body rhythm.     

The result of the study indicated that it was the type of fat, ______ is often the case, ________ made the difference.

  A. as; that                 B. which; what              C. that; who         D. which; that

Festivals and celebrations of all kinds   61   (hold) everywhere since ancient times. Most ancient festivals would celebrate the end of cold weather,    62    (plant) in spring and harvest in autumn. At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find, especially during the cold winter months.

Today's festivals have many   63_ (original), some religious , some seasonal, and some for special people or events. Some festivals are held to honor the dead or to satisfy the ancestors, who might return either to help or to do harm. For example, the Japanese festival Obon is honored in __64  (memorize) of their ancestors. People then should go to clean graves, light lamps and play music  __65   they think that this will lead the ancestors back to earth. In Mexico, people celebrate the Day of the Dead in early November.   66__ this important feast day, people eat food in  _67_  shape of skulls and cakes with "bones" on them. They offer food, flowers and gifts to the dead. The Western holiday Halloween also had  _68   origin in old beliefs about the return of the spirits of dead people. It is now a children's festival, __ 69    they can dress up and go to their neighbors' homes to ask for sweets. The Dragon Boat Festival in China honors the famous ancient poet, Qu Yuan. India has a national festival on October 2 to honor Mohandas Gandhi, the leader who helped gain India's  __70__ （depend) from Britain.

People always feel headache about academic writing.Jennifer Ahern-Dodson provides some suggestions with some students and teachers.She asks about their earlier writing experiences.Were they negative or positive?She advises that you are not alone if you have had problems with your writing.She says everyone struggles with writing.

“Writing is hard.All writers struggle at some point.And even if writing has come easily for you,at some point in your work as a student,that eventually you’re going to hit a roadblock.So it’s really important to take a moment to think about their past writing experiences.And when the writing was going well,what was happening?When the writing wasn’t going well,what was happening?”

She says most people’s negative writing experiences happened because a very specific formula is required for a paper including an exact length.”And so they primarily focus on,and worry about,what the final product has to look like,like how many pages for a research essay?Or if it is in the second or third language,you know,punctuation and grammar,like whether it gets communicated in the right language.

Another problem can arise when the need to do well on a paper is extremely important.“...like a timed essay exam,or a college application essay,or a research paper that is at the end of the semester,and it’s tied to the entire grade for the class.So worrying about what will happen if they don’t do well–get bad grades,don’t get into college–creates,of course,significant anxiety.And that can make it harder to get the writing done.”

Then she and the people she’s helping move to more positive projects.She says usually when writing comes easily,the writers feel they have something important to say.The teacher advises thinking about who your audience is,and what it is that you really want to say to them.

5. What does Jennifer Ahern-Dodson think of academic writing?

A. It is made up of past experiences.    B. It has positive effects.

C. It is hard for everyone.    D. It makes people think.

6. Which can best explain the underlined words“hit a roadblock”in Paragraph 2?

A. Have an accident.    B. Meet into trouble.

C. Break some record.    D. Graduate from school.

7. What can be the problem with academic writing?

A. Research subjects.    B. Required styles.

C. A certain formula.    D. Lack of patience.

8. According to Jennifer,how can we improve writing?

A. By stopping worrying.    B. By thinking positively.

C. By focusing on the subject.    D. By thinking about audience.

    假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

    增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(Λ)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

    删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)画掉。

    修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

    注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

          2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

    Some old people are not taken good care. Their children don't visit themselves regularly. They don't have proper food or medicine when they are ill. The reasons for this are clearly. For one thing, many young people are so busy to look after their old parents. For another, some young people think it heavy burden to spend a lot of money on their parents.

    It is the Chinese tradition respect the old and protect the young. The old people deserve our attention and love because they have made great contribution to our society. If that we don't treat the old properly today, we will be badly treated when we got old. Let's take action from now on. Let's show concern to the old around us.

Growing up in Philadelphia, Lieberman started cooking with his stay-at-home dad when he was seven. His food-loving family had two kitchens, and he quickly learned what was the best way to bake his cakes. Lieberman improved his kitchen skills greatly during a year abroad before college, learning from a cook in Italy and studying local specialties（地方特色菜）in Germany, Spain and France. At Yale, he was known for throwing dinner parties, single-handed frying and baking while mixing drinks for dozens of friends. Just for fun, he and some friends decided to tape a show named Campus Cuisine about his cooking. Lieberman was a real college student showing his classmates how to do things like making drinks out of dining-hall fruit. That helped the show become very popular among the students. They would stop Lieberman after classes to ask for his advice on cooking. Tapes of the show were passed around, with which his name went beyond the school and finally to the Food Network.
    Food Network producer Flay hopes the young cook will find a place on the network television. He says Lieberman’s charisma is key.“Food TV isn’t about food any more,” says Flay. “It’s about your personality and finding a way to keep people’s eyeballs on your show.”
    But Lieberman isn’t putting all his eggs in one basket. After taping the first season of the new show, Lieberman was back in his own small kitchen preparing sandwiches. An airline company was looking for someone to come up with a tasteful, inexpensive and easy-to-make menu to serve on its flights, Lieberman got the job.
1. We can learn from the text that Lieberman’s family __________.
   A. love cooking at home            B. have relatives in Europe      

C. often hold parties                    D. own a restaurant
2. The Food Network got to know Lieberman __________.
   A. at one of his parties            B. from his teachers 
   C. on a television program           D. through his taped show              

3. What does the underlined word “charisma” in the text refer to?
A. A way to show one’s achievement.  B. A natural ability to attract others.   
C. Lieberman’s after-class interest.     D. Lieberman’s fine cooking skill.

4. Why did the airline company give Lieberman the job?
A. He could prepare meals in a small kitchen. 
B. He was famous for his shows on Food TV.

   C. He could cook cheap, delicious and simple meals.
   D. He was good at using eggs to make sandwiches.

The young woman athlete was waiting for the competition to start, looking at the audience with a 　　　 smile. 

A. secure             B. meaningful    C. confident     D. forced

Instagram is a fast, beautiful and fun way to share your life with friends and family. Take a picture or video, choose a filter（修图）to transform its look and feel, and then post to Instagram—it’s that easy. You can even share to Facebook, Twitter and more．It’s a new way to see the world. So many photos of food are contained on Instagram—now a pop-up diner in London is taking advantage of this new trend by letting people settle the bill for their meals simply by uploading photos of their dishes to social networks．

I always thought people’s taking pictures of their food was kind of silly, but at this new pop-up restaurant in the UK, I’d probably do it too. “The Picture House” is the world’s first pay-by-photo restaurant. You order, click a photo of the food, share on Instagram and eat for free!

The restaurant belongs to frozen food giant(巨人)Birds Eye, who came up with the idea to cash in on people’s addiction with photographing food and sharing the pictures online. They conducted a survey and found out that more than half of the British population regularly took pictures of their meals．So they realized it was a better way to advertise their new dining range．

The pop-up diner was open in Soho，London for three days in May, and is now moving to other major UK cities．They serve two-course meals that customers don’t have to pay for, if they photo and Instagram it.

    The restaurant is a part of Birds Eye’s “Food for Life” campaign, a new marketing project that aims at changing the way people look at frozen food. “Taking photos of food enables people to show off and to share their mealtime moments—from the everyday to the special, ”said marketing director Margaret Jobling．

    The reaction to the Picture House has been great so far And the pay-by-picture concept has proven to be an effective way. Alternative payment methods are actually gaining popularity among a lot of businesses. Last year in a cafe in Germany customers pay by how much time they spend there, not by what they eat．

32. Instagram probably is________．

   A. a program used to share photos                                     B. a campaign of “Food for Life”

   C. a restaurant free of charge                                        D. a new marketing project

33. What can we infer from the passage?

   A. The Picture House was opened in Scotland

    B. Lots of British people like taking photos of their meals.

    C. The Picture House is the world’s first pay-by-photo restaurant.   

   D. The British people’s response to the Picture House is quite cold.

34. “The Picture House” encourages sharing photos of its food to_______．

    A. raise the price of frozen food                                          B. create a new social media trend

    C. attract more customers                                                          D. reward the regular customers

35. Which of the following can serve as the best title for the passage?

    A. Food for Life                                                      B. The Pop-up Diner      

   C. No Need to Pay                                                   D. Pay by Picture

你的英国朋友Chris目前在北京学习汉语，他对中国传统文化非常感兴趣。本周五下午你校将要举办一个文化讲座，请你根据以下信息提示给他写一封信件，邀请他来参加。 

1.农业大学张教授讲解中国茶文化的历史和传播； 

2.讲座后有交流和品茶活动； 

3.你将陪同Chris并帮其翻译讲解。 

注意：词数100左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

 Hi Chris, 

Yours

                                                                 Joe

  The youngest daughter in a family of 13 children, Rachel Hubka learned from her parents to work hard, and to judge people based on their advantages. It _41_ her well as she followed her own dreams.
     She got married at 17, and then divorced. As a single mother, Hubka _42_ three children while working. In 1978, she joined a small school bus company and _43_ general manager within 18 months.
     After 11 years in the industry, and having _44_ good fame, Hubka founded Rachel’s Bus Company of her own in 1989. Serving the Chicago Public School System and _45_ a rapidly expanding business, the _46_ now earns nearly $5 million every year —up from less than a million in its first year. It employs 25 full-time professionals and about 120 bus _47_ , 99 percent of whom are poor.
     "I _48_ chose to locate my company in one of Chicago’s _49_ neighborhoods," says Hubka. "Using the _50_ labor of young people and adults in the area, I hoped to provide them with a(n) _51_ to success."
     From the beginning, she _52_ many people considered unemployable, and rebuilt in all of them a strong work ethic, a sense of pride and a _53_ to succeed. Rachel’s Bus Company _54_ drivers training, and helps them develop skills. _55_ , Hubka guides employees into positions of increasing responsibility and in some cases, into starting their own businesses.
     She also _56_ employees to achieve personal excellence, and shows _57_ for their development by offering an activity center featuring workouts, entertainment, relaxation and computer learning equipment. Meanwhile, Rachel’s Bus Company _58_ donates services for charitable activities.
     Hubka is also _59_ in Stone Soup for the World, a book published in April, 1998 that is a collection of stories about "_60_ people, doing extraordinary things". Such is Rachel Hubka, a person who motivates others to succeed and devotes to making the world a better place.

41. A. served                  B. arrested                  C. attracted          D. trusted

42. A. assisted                B. raised               C. consulted        D. defended

43. A. got along with       B. looked up to           C. kept up with     D. moved up to

44. A. deserved              B. arranged                 C. established       D. announced

45. A. expecting              B. conducting              C. benefiting         D. closing

46. A. company              B. department              C. school              D. industry

47. A. supporters            B. waiters                    C. drivers             D. passengers

48. A. permanently          B. patiently                  C. peacefully D. purposefully

49. A. promising              B. ambitious                C. starving            D. grateful

50. A. ignored                 B. appreciated             C. honored           D. attacked

51. A. example                B. ladder                     C. attitude            D. target

52. A. transported           B. complained             C. employed         D. gathered

53. A. feeling                   B. chance                    C. purpose           D. desire

54. A. offers                    B. takes                       C. judges              D. forbids

55. A. Otherwise             B. Furthermore            C. Somehow        D. However

56. A. forces                   B. chooses                  C. causes             D. encourages

57. A. concern                B. interest                    C. demand           D. belief

58. A. hardly                   B. frequently         C. generally          D. rarely

59. A. translated              B. created                   C. reported          D. expressed

60. A. ordinary                B. wealthy                   C. loyal                D. famous

I had forgotten about it because I had been so _______ with other things.

A．absorbed          B．occupied         C．employed         D．involved

 ----You must be fond of listening to music ----it is called a universal language.

   ----___________ Classic music is my favorite.

  A. Come off it!                B .You bet it!             C. That’s all right!        D. No kidding!

A: I heard that the pollution in this city is serious

B: __1___

A: What kind of pollution is it?

B: ___2__

A: Why do you think the air pollution is so dirty?

B: __3__

A: __4__

B: Many birds can’t live here, they fly to the south.

A: ___5___

Check carrots, potatoes, onions and any other vegetables ______ and immediately use or throw away any which show signs of rotting.

A. in demand              B. in store                 C. on loan          D. on sale

 Sorry for not having got what you wanted. She kept her mouth shut and just said __________.

A. that’s her feet of clay                    B. a little bird told her

C. she wanted to kill the fatted calf               D. she was the salt of the earth

In the frozen continent of Antarctica scientists fear an alien invasion — not from outer space, but carried in people’s pockets and bags.

Seeds and plants accidentally brought to Antarctica by tourists and scientists may introduce alien plant species which could threaten the survival of native plants in the finely balanced ecosystem.

 “The people that were carrying the most had lots and lots of seeds. They really were real threats,” said Dana Bergstrom, from the Australian Antarctic Division.

“When we take things in through hitchhiking（搭车旅行） then we get species which are competitive. The plants and animals there are not necessarily competitive, so we’d start losing various precious biodiversity（生物多样性） on the (Antarctic) continent”, Bergstrom told Reuters.

Amongst the alien species discovered were the Iceland Poppy, and Annual Winter Grass — all from cold climates and capable of growing in Antarctica.

The Antarctic Peninsula, where most tourists travel, is now considered a “hot spot” on the frozen continent and the warmer the climate, the easier for seeds to grow. “The peninsula（半岛） is warming at some of the greatest rates on the planet,” said Bergstrom.

The study, the first continent-wide assessment of invasive species in Antarctica, surveyed about 1,000 passengers during 2007-2008, the first year of the International Polar Year, an international effort to research the polar areas.

Bergstrom said the one alien seed that had gained a foothold is Annual Winter Grass. It is a strong weed in the sub-Antarctic and is on the Antarctic island of King George. It has also made its way to the tail part of the Antarctic continent.

32. What does the passage focus on?

A. The human influence on the native plants.     B. The development of native plants.

   C. The discovery of new plants.              D. The promising future of tourism.

33. What is the effect of alien plant seeds to Antarctica? 

A. They contribute to the biodiversity.

   B. They lead to the warming up of Antarctica.

   C. They make the native plants more competitive.

   D. They break the balance of the natural environment of plants.

34. What can we learn from the passage?

   A. The International Polar Year started in 2007.

   B. Visitors to Antarctica are mainly scientists.

   C. Visitors to Antarctica bring seeds on purpose.

   D. Tall Fescue Velvet grass grows well in warm places.

35. What is the purpose of writing the passage?

   A. To introduce the native environment of Antarctica.

   B. To warn people of the danger of alien plant seeds to Antarctica.

   C. To explain the relationship between plants and climate.

   D. To give visitors some tips on how to explore Antarctica.

Anoka, Minnesota:

The Halloween Capital of the World

Anoka, Minnesota, calls 61._______the “Halloween Capital of the World,” as it was one of the first cities in the United States to put on a Halloween celebration. When Anokans awoke to 62._______(surprise) find their windows soaped, their outhouses tipped over and their cows 63._______(walk) on the Main Street, they decided something had to be done.

So, in 1920, a weeklong celebration was started in Anoka in an effort 64._______(take) the trick out of trick-or-treat. The town’s love affair with the October holiday has been going strong ever since. Each year, 65._______(color) activities take place during the week leading up to the big day.

The Grand Day Paradise includes a Mass Band, made up 66._______ bands from four high schools. Another featured event is the Gray Ghost 5K Run, 67._______(inspire) by sightings of Bill Andberg, a marathon runner in his 70s 68._______ ghostly figure can often be seen running through a local cemetery(墓地).

The 69._______(compete) include a pumpkin bake-off and one for best Halloween house decorations. Most participants wear their Halloween costumes. Do you suppose people wear 70._______same costumes all week long?

The Macaroon Queen of India

Pooja Dhingra is an Indian chef and businesswoman, the owner of macaroon bakery chain Le 15 Patisserie (西饼店) in Mumbai. She should have been a lawyer. But while studying __36__ at university in Mumbai, she decided to __37__ her major and do something more creative.

Dhingra’s father and her elder brother are both restaurant owners. Remembering helping her mother in the __38__ during her childhood, she decided to work with food instead of legal cases. She __39__ her parents to let her attend a hospitality (招待) and management course in Switzerland. Three years later, she went to Paris to learn the __40__ of French baking. There her friends took her to one of the best macaroon shops. After just one __41__, Dhingra determined that when she returned to Mumbai she would __42__ her own shop, the first of its kind in India.

After graduation, she started making macaroons in her parents’ kitchen, __43__ it was a complete failure. The hot and wet weather in Mumbai made it __44__ to make delicious cakes. It took her around six months of research

and 60 failed __45__ to finally get a favorite recipe. Yet being both young and female __46__ she faced extra challenges. “The biggest problem was to get people to take you __47__,” she says. “For example, if I had to buy machinery, I would have to ask my father to make these calls for me.”

Dhingra eventually opened her first shop in 2010. To __48__ sales in a city where very few people knew what a macaroon was, Dhingra gave away some __49__ macaroons to customers, which made her cakes popular immediately. She continued __50__ new recipes. “Once you know basic techniques, inventing recipes is very __51__,” she said. “All you need is an open __52__. I get a lot of my ideas and __53__ from basic things around me.”

Dhingra is the author of a best-selling cookery book, The Big Book of Treats. She also started running classes on how to make macaroons and other cakes. In 2016, Dhingra __54__ her business, opening a new location called Le 15 Café. Today, as a professional baker, Dhingra __55__ up one of India’s finest patisseries.

36. A. art               B. law         C. history        D. medicine

37. A. quit              B. check       C. enjoy          D. follow

38. A. bedroom        B. basement       C. study          D. kitchen

39. A. reminded       B. warned         C. convinced      D. allowed

40. A. techniques     B. situations     C. functions      D. results

41. A. drink            B. kick         C. breath         D. bite

42. A. visit             B. open        C. sell           D. name

43. A. so               B. or           C. but            D. for

44. A. difficult      B. unusual        C. reasonable     D. available

45. A. preparations                     B. messages       C. programs       D. attempts

46. A. included       B. meant          C. admitted       D. explained

47. A. seriously      B. properly       C. differently   D. peacefully

48. A. ignore         B. report         C. promote        D. examine

49. A. strange        B. modern         C. famous         D. free

50. A. introducing   B. creating       C. demanding       D. protecting

51. A. typical        B. familiar       C. simple         D. regular

52. A. task             B. reply        C. mind           D. secret

53. A. inspiration   B. authority      C. progress       D. equipment

54. A. preserved      B. inspected      C. acquired       D. expanded

55. A. covers         B. heads          C. picks          D. brings

    When we hear of dangerous diseases, cancer and heart disease are often what first comes to mind. Recently, a virus (病毒) called Ebola has reappeared in Guinea (a country in West Africa), killing 62 people so far. It leads to viral hemorrhagic fever, which is characterized by high fever and internal bleeding etc, Ebola can kill 90% of those infected, especially in underdeveloped societies like those in Africa.

    Ebola is named after the Ebola River, where it was first discovered in 1976. There are five different types of the Ebola virus, each named after where they first happened: Sudan, Ivory Coast, Restoon, Bundibugyo, and Zaire. The deadliest of the five, Zaire, was responsible for the 2012 outbreak, and is believed to be attacking Guinea.

    Ebola is naturally found in fruit bats (果蝠), which pass on the virus to other animals by biting or sucking on (吮吸) their blood. Humans who are suffering from the Ebola infection might have touched the bodily fluids (液体) of the infected animals. Once infected, a human becomes a carrier of the deadly virus.

    Since we live in an interconnected world, where the situation in one country can affect us all, the influences of Ebola are huge: damaging trade relations, affecting foreign visitors, and weakening entire countries. Already the Guinea virus is spreading fast with a few cases spotted in Conakry — the capital of Guinea, far away from the origin of the virus. It is feared that the disease may have already reached neighboring Liberia and Sierra Leone, too.

    Unfortunately, there are no disease-specific treatments for Ebola. Healthcare workers only supply the infected people with water to keep them in good condition. Since there have been many cases of nurses catching the disease from patients, they are forced to wear strict protective clothes, and in some cases, not even allowed to get close to the affected. The fact that there is no cure for the Ebola virus is what makes the outbreak a challenging one to control.

32. The news of Ebola in Guinea is mentioned to ________.

  A. make a brief summary

  B. introduce the topic of the text

  C. compare Ebola with cancer

  D. show the latest study of viruses

33. What can we learn about Ebola?

  A. It is a newly discovered virus.

  B. It is the most dangerous virus in the world.

  C. It was named after where it first happened.

  D. It could cause immediate death for anyone infected.

34. What is mainly described in Paragraph 3?

  A. What the Ebola virus is.

  B. The influences of Ebola.

  C. The treatments for Ebola.

  D. How the Ebola virus spreads.

35. Which of the following does the author probably agree with?

  A. Ebola is a highly infectious virus.

  B. Ebola is now very common in Guinea.

  C. Those with a fever must be infected by Ebola.

  D. Females are more easily to be infected by Ebola.