In the Middle Ages in Europe, theater was an important part of civic, economic and religious life. During this period after the fall of Roman civilization, many cities were destroyed. Southern and Western Europe, famous for its agriculture, became increasingly more agricultural. After several hundred years, many towns appeared again. The Roman Catholic Church took over religion, education and politics. What remained of theater was mostly on the Greek and Roman performing arts.

Theater was reborn as liturgical（礼拜式的）dramas. It was written in Latin and dealing with biblical（圣经）stories which would be performed by church members. Then there came local dramas spoken in common language not Latin. They were more wonderful one-act dramas taking place in town squares or other parts of the city. There were three types of local dramas. Mystery or cycle plays were short dramas based on biblical stories organized into historical cycles. Miracle plays dealt with the lives of the great. Morality（道德的）plays taught a lesson through characters standing for good or bad qualities. Secular plays in this period existed, but religious drama in the Middle Ages is mostly remembered today. As the Middle Ages ended, the number of religious theatres became small as the church weakened and more secular qualities won over religious theaters.

25. According to the passage, what does "secular plays"mean here?

A. Plays that deal with the lives of the great.      B. Plays that taught a lesson.

C. Plays based on biblical stories.                   

D. Plays that are not connected with the church.

26. Why did religious theatres become less important as the Middle Ages came to an end?

　A. People were not interested in them any longer. 

　B. The church was not as important as what it had been.

　C. People liked new plays.                   

　D. The stories of religious theatres were outdated.

27. According to the passage, why did religious theatres take over in the Middle Ages?

A. People preferred religious theatres to other ones. 

B. There were no other types of theatres.

C. The church played an important part in people’s life.

D. The quality of religious theatres was better than that of other theatres.

28. What would be the best title for the passage?

A. European dramas                                  B. Religious dramas

C. Religious theatres in the Middle Ages   D. Secular dramas in the Middle Ages

   It was snowing  41  , and the wind was blowing the snow into great piles  42  the fences at the sides of the road. In some places the piles were so big  43  they were beginning to spread right across the road, but as long as cars  44 keep moving at a proper speed, they could still manage to   45   .

  ___46   , at one point on the mad there was a   47   bend in the mad. There the drivers had to be  48   skillful to avoid getting stuck.

  At last, of course, there was one who was not skillful enough and who let his car stop on the comer. He  49  to drive in forward over the piles by speeding up, but the wheels slipped, and the car finished up deep in the snow and blocking the road.

  The next car to reach the comer was  50  trouble too. The driver had been trying to  51  a good speed to avoid getting stuck, and he did not  52  the car blocking the road in front of him  53  he was almost on top of it. He put his brakes on hard  54   it slipped sideways into deep snow. Later, car after car came round the corner too fast to stop properly, and finished up in the deep snow. Before long, there were five cars stuck as the snow  55  to fall and almost covered them.

  ___56   , a neighbor saw what had happened and telephoned the local garage,  57  sent a truck to pull the cars out of the snow. The neighbor watched as the garage men  58  them out one by one. When they reached the car which had started all the  59  , the neighbor said to them, “You aren’t going to  60  that one, are you? That’s the one that has brought all this business to you today!”

41. A. gradually                  B. slightly                   C. quietly                    D. heavily

42. A. on                           B. against                    C. over                              D. about

43. A. when                              B. as                           C. that                       D. while

44. A. could                              B. should                    C. would                     D. must

45. A. get through              B. break down            C. pass by                  D. go back

46. A. Then                        B. Therefore                C. However                 D. Still

47. A. gentle                      B. slow                      C. sharp                      D. broad

48. A. so                            B. very                              C. too                         D. even

49. A. managed                   B. failed                      C. agreed                    D. tried

50. A. on                           B. off                         C. in                          D. out of

51. A. keep up                   B. slow down              C. pick up                  D. switch off

52. A. watch                      B. observe                   C. explore                   D. notice

53. A. when                              B. until                 C. after                      D. since

54. A. while                        B. and                         C. or                          D. for

55. A. stopped                    B. began                     C. happened               D. continued

56. A. In all                       B. After all                   C. On time                  D. At last

57. A. who                               B. which                    C. what                      D. that

58. A. pulled                       B. picked                    C. left                         D. let

59. A. snow                       B. ruin                       C. trouble                    D. harm

60. A. move                              B. repair                     C. break                      D. wash

Close the door of fear behind you, and you ____ the door of faith open before you.

A. saw    B. have seen    C. will see   D. are seeing

 He ________ into the habit of smoking at the age of 14

   A. formed               B. fell                    C. went                 D. came

    When someone has   61  (deep) hurt you, it can be very difficult to let go of your anger. But forgiveness is possible --- and it can be surprisingly    62     (benefit) to your physical and mental health. So far, research    63__ (show) that people who forgive can have more energy, better appetite and better sleep. “People who forgive show    64    (little) anger and more hopefulness.” says Dr. Frederic Luskin, who wrote the book Forgive for Good. “So it can help reduce the tiredness out of the immune system and allow people    65    (feel) more energetic.”
    So when someone has hurt you, cool down first. Take a couple of breaths and think of something    66    gives you pleasure: a beautiful scene in nature, or someone you love. Don’t wait for an    67    (apologize). “Many times the person who hurt you may never think of apologizing.” says Dr. Luskin. “They may have wanted to hurt you or they just don’t see things in    68    same way. So if you wait for people to say sorry, you could be waiting a very long time.”
    Next keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean    69    (accept) the action of the person who upsets you. Instead, learn to look for the love, beauty and kindness around you. Finally, try to see things from the other person’s perspective. You may realize that he or she was acting out of ignorance. To gain perspective, you may want to write a letter to    70    (you) from that person’s point of view.

 Parents should stop blaming themselves because there’s not a lot they can do about it. I mean the teenager problem. Whatever you do or however you choose to deal with it, at certain times a wonderful, reasonable and helpful child will turn into a terrible animal.

I’ve seen friends deal with it in all kinds of different ways. One strict mother insisted that her son, right from a child, should stand up whenever anyone entered the room, open doors and shake hands like a gentleman. I saw him last week when I called round. Sprawling himself（懒散地躺) on the sofa in full length, he made no attempt to turn off the loud TV he was watching as I walked in, and his greeting was no more than a quick glance at me. His mother was ashamed. “I don’t know what to do with him these days,” she said, “He’s forgotten all the manners we taught him.”

He hasn’t forgotten them. He’s just decided that he’s not going to use them. She confessed(坦白) that she would like to come up behind him and throw him down from the sofa onto the floor.

Another good friend of mine let her two daughters climb all over the furniture, reach across the table, stare at me and say，“I don’t like your dress; it’s ugly.” One of the daughters has recently been driven out of school. The other has left home.

“Where did we go wrong?” her parents are now very sad. Probably nowhere much. At least no more than the rest of that unfortunate race, parents.

25.This text is most probably written by.

A．a specialist in teenager studies      B. a headmaster of a middle school

C. a parent with teenage children        D. a doctor for mental health problems

26.The boy on the sofa would most probably be described as.

A. lazy            B. quiet              C. unusual           D. rude

27.From the second example we can infer that the parents of the two daughters.

A. pay no attention to them           B. are too busy to look after them

C. have come to hate them           D. feel helpless to do much about them

28. What is the author’s opinion about the sudden change in teenage children?

A. Parents have no choice but to try to accept it.

B. Parents should pay still more attention to the change.

C. Parents should work more closely with school teachers.

D. Parents are at fault for the change in their children.

    Confidence makes a difference. It could mean the difference in landing a job you have been dreaming of. It could also mean the difference in staying happily with the girl of your dream. Having enough confidence may help you achieve what you want in your life. ____36____ Hopefully we can light your path with this guide to becoming more confident.

    Make lists. This is a two-part process which begins with a look into who you are. First make a list of all the things that set you apart from the rest. This will help you focus on the things that have gone right instead of the things that have gone wrong. ____37____ What are you fond of? In most cases, hard work with passion will bring about improvement.

    ____38____ People usually shy away from praise. I think it makes them feel that they do not deserve the praise. Take yourself away from that thinking and happily accept the praise. Another thing, remember that you matter. If you have something to say, force yourself to say it clearly and loudly. You can do this without sounding angry. ____39____    Move towards your goal. ____40____ Having a purpose and fl goal is great to feed your confidence. Start with the little things like the stuff you have been putting off for later. The more things you accomplish, the better you feel.

A．You are important and appreciated.

B．Then look at the things you enjoy doing.

C．This makes you move in the right direction.

D．But how exactly do you get that confidence?

E．In order to be confident, you have to look confident.

F．If somebody disagree with what you say, do not just shy away.

G．Studies show that the healthier you are, the more confident you feel.

I had butterflies in my stomach for a lack of a car, feeling desperately restless and nervous. Eight months ago our car was hit by a passing vehicle and it was destroyed. No problem, I thought: we’ll buy another. But the insurance payout didn’t even begin to cover the costs of buying a new car—I worked out that, with the loan (贷款) we’d need plus petrol, insurance, parking permits and tax, we would make a payment as much as £600 a month.

And that’s when I had my fancy idea. Why not just give up having a car at all? I live in London. We have a railway station behind our house, a tube station 10 minutes’ walk away, and a bus stop at the end of the street. A new car club had just opened in our area, and one of its shiny little red Peugeots was parked nearby. If any family in Britain could live without a car, I reasoned, then surely we were that family.

    But my new car-free idea, sadly, wasn’t shared by my family. My teenage daughters were horrified. What would their friends think about our family being “too poor to afford a car”? (I wasn’t that bothered what they thought, and I suggested the girls should take the same approach.)

    My friends, too, were astonished at our plan. What would happen if someone got seriously ill overnight and needed to go to hospital? (an ambulance) How would the children get to and from their many events? (buses and trains) People smiled as though this was another of my mad ideas, before saying they were sure I’d soon realize that a car was a necessity.

    Eight months on, I wonder whether we’ll ever own a car again. The idea that you “have to” own a car, especially if you live in a city, is all in the mind. I live—and many other citizens do too—in a place that has never been better served by public transport, and yet car ownership has never been higher. We worry about rising car costs, but we’d be better off asking something much more basic: do I really need a car? Certainly the answer is no, and I’m a lot richer because I dared to ask the question.

21. The author decided to live a car-free life partly because ______.

A. the traffic jam was unbearable for him        B. the cost of a new car was too much

C. he was hurt in a terrible car accident            D. most families chose to go car-free

22. What is the attitude of the author’s family toward his plan?

A. Unconcerned.                          B. Optimistic.         

C. Disapproving.                         D. Supportive.

23. What did the author suggest his daughters do about their friends’ opinion?

A. Leave it alone.                       B. Take their advice.  

C. Think it over.                        D. Argue against it.

24. What conclusion did the author draw after the eight-month car-free life?

 A. Life cannot go without a car.             B. Life without a car is a little bit hard.

 C. A car-free life does not suit everyone.       D. His life gets improved without a car.   

_{Dear editor，}

_{I’m sorry to occupy your precious time，and I really want to tell you anything about the problem of some people keeping too many pets nowadays．I take the problem more and more seriously for the following reason．First of all，as it is known to people，pets make loud noise that trouble residents a lot．What’s more，it is widely accepted that animal waste pollutes the environment，where makes people quite uncomfortable．Many owners like taking their pets to public place where they may frighten children or even bite people．The mostly important is that pets can spread some diseases and this has attracted much attention．Take all these factors into consideration，I sincerely hope that I can get help from you and expect the media do something for this．}

_{Yours truly，}

_{Wang Lin}

Shy people often avoid situations      would force them into close contact with other people．

A．which   B．where        C．when D．what

 He talked a lot about things and persons _____they remembered in the school.

A. which                B. what

C. whom                 D. that

Life expectancy is rising in much of the world. But doctors are seeing another trend that is disturbing. Some people are choosing lifestyles that contribute to early death. It used to be rare for people to live to 100. But babies born can hope to live that long.

In the 20th century, life expectancy in wealthy nations increased by as much as 30 years. Average life expectancy for Americans is 78.

But doctors are seeing people adopt bad habits that can cut their lives short, like eating too much or eating too much junk food, exercising too little and smoking cigarettes. These habits increase the risk for cancer, diabetes (糖尿病), heart disease and stroke (中风)．

Researchers wanted to find out how many years are lost with these lifestyle choices. “What we found was that high blood pressure; smoking, overweight/obesity and high blood glucose (血糖) account for five years of loss of life expectancy in men and about four years in women at the national level，” Goodarz Danaei said.

The researchers broke down the data into race, income and locale and they found even greater differences. Middle­income whites have the best blood pressure. But Asian­Americans have fewer bad habits and the best health.

The researchers found a 14­year difference in life expectancy between Asian­American and African­American men who can expect to live an average of 67 years. "African­American men in the south have the lowest life expectancy, along with African­American men living in high­risk urban areas, places like downtown Los Angeles，”Danaei explained.

African­American women are another group with low life expectancy because of their high rates of obesity. People battling excess weight have higher rates of disability, diabetes and heart disease — disorders that make them sicker at younger ages and dependent on medications for many years.

33．How many bad lifestyles are mentioned in the passage?

A.  1.  B.  2.C.  3.  D.  4.

34．Why does the writer say babies born can hope to live to 100?

A. Because newly­born babies haven't create their lifestyles.

B.  Because newly­born babies are better in health.

C.  Because newly­born babies live in a wealthy country.

D.  Because newly­born babies can get more from people.

35．Which of the following statements is NOT right according to the last paragraph?

A.  Many  African ­American  women  are over­weight.

B.  How to fight against overweight is still a problem.

C.  Young people are easy to get overweight.

D.  Overweight is one cause to short life expectancy.

 I think we are ________ to get a certain offer from him.

A. Possible           B. Likely        C. Impossible       D. probable

三年的高中生活即将结束。请你以 “I will remember my school life forever” 为题，为英语校刊投稿。

注意： 文章应包括下面四幅图画的内容。

       词数不少于60。

       文章的开头已为你写出。

After the College Entrance Examinations, the three-year school life will come to an end. It’s hard to say goodbye to my school, teachers and friends, because I have an unforgettable time here.

1. They’re busy sorting out the books which were in a mess on the shelf. (意思: _________)

2. A souvenir is something in memory of a holiday, place, or event. (意思: _________)

3. If you sow seeds, it means you plant the seeds in the fields. (意思: _________)

4. if I had been on the spot, I would have tried my best to catch the thief. (意思: _________)

5. Spray is a lot of small drops of water being thrown into the air. (意思: _________)

6. She squeezed the juice out of the oranges. (意思: _________)

7. Starvation is extreme suffering or death, caused by lack of food. (意思: _________)

8. The school set up a statue in memory of Chairman Mao. (意思: _________)

9. Now, women enjoy the same social status as men. (意思: _________)

10. With the help of my teacher, I’ve made steady progress in English. (意思: _________)

11. The mountain is so steep that it makes it difficult for people to climb. (意思: _________)

12. Whatever happens, always stick to your ideal and never let go of it. (意思: _________)

13. She is straightforward and always expresses her views directly. (意思: _________)

14. The workers of the factory are on strike for higher pays in the street. (意思: _________)

15. A subjective person often does things based on personal opinions. (意思: _________)

16. Finally Mary decided to submit a letter to her boss to quit her job. (意思: _________)

17. We shouldn’t cut down trees at will but find substitutes for them. (意思: _________)

18. A suspect is a person who the police think may be guilty of a crime. (意思: _________)

19. He swore not to let out my secret, but he failed to keep his promise. (意思: _________)

20. Sweat is running down his cheek for he’d been playing basketball. (意思: _________)

21. His wound was infected with virus and swelled gradually. (意思: _________)

22. One of the symptoms of catching a cold is high temperature. (意思: _________)

23. She tore the letter into pieces angrily and threw it into the dustbin. (意思: _________)

24. I’m not teasing you. I’m serious. (意思: _________)

25. It’s rude manners to spit in public places. (意思: _________)

Nature responds to climate change. To understand it, we need to monitor key life cycle events—flowering, the appearance of leaves, the first frog calls of the spring—all around the world. But scientists can’t be everywhere so they’re turning to non-scientists, sometimes called citizen scientists, for help.

A group of scientists and educators set up an organization last year called the National Phenology Network. “Phenology” is what scientists call the study of the timing of events in nature.

One of the group’s first efforts depends on scientists and non-scientists alike to collect data about plant flowering and leafing every year. The program, called Project BudBurst, collects life cycle data on different kinds of usual plants from across the United States.

“People don’t have to be plant experts—they just have to look around and see what’s in their neighborhood,” says Jennifer Schwartz, an adviser with the project. “As we collect this data, we’ll be able to predict how plants and communities of plants and animals will respond as the climate changes.”

That data will help scientists predict not only how natural communities may change but also how these changes will affect people.

Scientists monitoring lilac flowering in the Western United States reported that in years when lilacs bloomed early—before May 20th—wildfires later in the summer and fall are larger and more severe. “Lilac blooming could serve as an alarm bell,” Jennifer says.

Improved monitoring is an important step toward predicting how natural communities will respond to climate change.

“The best way for us to increase our knowledge of how plants and animals are responding to climate change is to increase the amount of data we have,” she says. “That’s why we need citizen scientists to get as much information from as many places on as many species over as long a time period as we can.”

1. The National Phenology Network is set up to 　　　. 

A. research how nature makes response to climate change

B. keep a record of what is happening in nature

C. make a study of the first frog calls of the spring

D. judge what plants will die out in the future

2. The task of Project BudBurst is to 　　　. 

A. grow more plants to improve the climate

B. collect information about usual plants

C. make citizens tell different plants

D. find out how many kinds of plants there are in America

3. By saying “Lilac blooming could serve as an alarm bell” in Para.6,Jennifer means 　　　. 

A. lilac flowers could make people feel anxious or afraid

B. lilacs could warn people of the danger of wildlife

C. the blooming of lilacs could predict the happening of wildfires

D. the flowers of lilacs could be used to wake people up

4. This passage is mainly about 　　　. 

A. why we need to collect data about nature

B. when an alarm bell sounds for nature

C. what citizen scientists are in America

D. how nature responds to climate change

A young businessman was traveling down a narrow street, driving a bit too fast in his new Benz. He was watching for kids darting out from between parked cars and   41   when he thought he saw something.

As his car passed, one child appeared, and a brick smashed into the Benz’s side door. He slammed on the brakes and   42   the Benz back to the spot from   43   the brick had been thrown.

He jumped out of the car,   44   some kid and pushed him up against a parked car, shouting “What was that all about and who are you? Just what on earth are you doing?”   45   a head of steam, he went on “That’s a new car and that brick you threw is gonna cost a lot of money. Why did you do it?” “Please, mister, please, I’m sorry. I didn’t know what else to do!” pleaded the youngster.

“It’s my brother,” he said. “He rolled   46   the stairs and fell out of his wheelchair and I can’t   47   him up.”

  48  , the boy asked the businessman, “Would you please help me get him back into his wheelchair? He’s hurt and he’s too heavy for me.”

Moved beyond words, the driver tried to swallow the   49   swelling lump in his   50  . He lifted the young man back into the wheelchair and took out his handkerchief and wiped the   51  , checking   52   that everything was going to be okay.

“Thank you, sir. And God bless you,” the   53   child said to him. The man then watched the little boy push his brother to the sidewalk toward their home.

It was a long walk back to his Benz...a long,   54   walk. He never did   55   the side door. He kept the damage to remind him not to   56   life so fast that someone has to   57   a brick at you to get your attention.

Life whispers in your soul and   58   to your heart. Sometimes, when you don’t have the time to listen...Life throws a brick at your head.

It’s your choice: Listen to the whispers of your soul   59   wait for the brick!

Do you sometimes ignore loved ones because your life is too fast and busy   60   them to wonder whether you really love them?

41. A. sped up                   B. went out                C. slowed down          D. pulled back

42. A. spun                             B. drag                    C. push                 D. stretch 

43. A. where                            B. which                   C. that                          D. there

44. A. grasped                    B. got                C. arrested                D. grabbed

45. A. Rising up                  B. Opening up            C. Building up            D. Giving up

46. A. away                           B. out                      C. over                D. off

47. A. catch                            B. lift                   C. seize                    D. carry

48. A. talking                           B. shouting               C. sobbing              D. crying

49. A. abruptly                    B. roughly                 C. absolutely               D. rapidly

50. A. throat                     B. heart                   C. spirit                    D. tongue

51. A. blood and sweat                B. scrapes and cuts      C. black and white      D. neck and neck

52. A. to see                     B. to be seen                     C. to have seen           D. to be seeing

53. A. graceful                  B. grated                C. grateful                D. gratitude

54. A. slipped                   B. slow                  C. steep                D. slim

55. A. require                  B. request                C. repair                   D. recommend

56. A. go after                  B. go about                C. go over               D. go through

57. A. kick                    B. throw                C. strike                  D. beat

58. A. tells                              B. speaks                        C. conveys                 D. says

59. A. or                        B. but                     C. and                     D. for

60. A. ensuring                 B. letting                   C. making               D. leaving

    One day I was listening to the radio about some poor children. As I listened, I felt that I had to do something for those children, so I asked four of my friends if they wanted to help a poor child. They agreed.

   Finally, we got a letter from a little child called Juanito Sanchez, in which he asked for some blankets and also some clothes and a pair of shoes for his little sister. In his letter he wanted to help his father fix the house which was in a bad condition because of the arrival of cold winter.

    We told the radio station that we wanted to help that child. After that, we started to think about how to collect all the money needed to buy all poor Juanito needed. After 5 days, we collected much money and bought many things for Juanito. We also bought some food for his family and some toys for him because we wanted to give him a little surprise.

    Finally, on December 22 the radio station made a big party in which all the children who asked for help were invited, and also all those helping these children. In the party we met Juanito. his mom and his little sister.

    First, we played some games with him. After that, we gave Juanito all the presents and also the surprise we had for him. When he opened all the presents, he was excited and happy, so were my friends and I.

    That day was one of the most beautiful days in my lire, and I learned something important from it. It is giving help to those who need it that is one of the most beautiful things that you can do because this makes you feel good and also makes the persons who you are helping happy.

25．What caused the author to help a poor child?

A．A radio program.

B．The arrival of cold winter.

C．A letter from Juanito Sanchez.

D．Advice from his four friends.

26．To give Juanito a surprise, the author ________.

A．decided to repair his house

B．collected more clothes for him

C．did as Juanito asked him to do

D．prepared more than Juanito needed

27．What did the author learn on December 22?

A．We all can live happily.

B．Helping others benefits us.

C．It is our duty to ask for help.

D．We need to live a rich life.

28．It can be inferred from the text that ________.

A．there were eight people present at the party

B．the author didn't buy gifts for Juanito's sister

C．the author will help more people in the future

D．Juanito's father was too ashamed to attend the party

Owning a smart phone may not be as smart as you think. They may let you surf the Internet, listen to music and snap photos wherever you are… but they also turn you into a workaholic（工作狂）, it seems.

A study suggests that, by giving you access to emails at all times, the smart phone adds as much as two hours to your working day. Researchers found that Britons work an additional 460 hours a year on average as they are able to respond to emails on their mobiles. The study shows the average UK working day is between 9 and 10 hours, but a further 2 hours is spent responding to or sending work emails, or making work calls.

Almost one in ten admits spending up to three hours outside their normal working day checking work emails. Some workers confess they are on call almost 24 hours a day. Nearly two-thirds say they often check work emails just before they go to bed and as soon as they wake up, while over a third have replied to one in the middle of the night. The average time for first checking emails is between 6 am and 7 am, with more than a third checking their first email in this period, and a quarter checking them between 11pm and midnight.

Ghadi Hobeika, marketing director of Pixmania, said: “The ability to access millions of apps has made smart phones invaluable for many people. However, there are disadvantages. Many companies expect their employees to be on call 24 hours a day, seven days a week, and smart phones mean that people cannot get away from work. The more constantly in contact we become, the more is expected of us in a work capacity. ”

24．With a smart phone the average UK working day is _______.

A．2 hours               B．8 hours               C．9 to 10 hours   D. 11 to 12 hours

25．It could be inferred from the text that the British people _______.

A．prefer to check emails in the morning    

B．are crazy about different smart phones

C．work extra hours with smart phones

D．shorten their normal working hours

26．What does Ghadi Hobeika feel about smart phones?

A．They are unimportant for most of people.

B．They have disadvantages for some companies.

C．They are useful to improve a work ability.

D．They make it impossible for people to rest.

27．What can we conclude from the text?

A．Every coin has two sides.

B．All that glitters is not gold.

C．It never rains but pours.      

D．It’s no good crying over spilt milk.

 There were so many people in the hall then that I could hardly _______ my sister.

   A. bring out           B. turn out                    C. pick out                   D. call out