Being Left-handed in a Right-handed World

     The world is designed for right-handed people, but a tenth of the population prefer the left.     31    The answer to it remains a bit of a mystery. Since scientists have noticed that left-handedness tends to run in families, it’s assumed that left-handedness has a genetic(基因的)component to it.     32    In fact, identical twins, who share the same genes, can sometimes prefer to use different hands. There are also plenty of theories on what else might determine which hand you write with, but many experts believe that it’s kind of random.

      Historically, the left side and left-handedness have been considered a negative thing by many cultures.     33    In some areas, the left hand became known as the “unclean” hand. In many religions, the right hand of God is the favored hand. For example, Jesus sits at God’s right side. Various activities and experiences become rude or even signs of bad luck when the left hand becomes involved. In some parts of Scotland, it is considered bad luck to meet a left-handed person at the start of a journey.     34    A person giving directions will put his left hand behind him and try to point with his right hand if necessary. In some Asian countries, eating with the left hand is considered impolite.

     35    People come to realize that left-handedness is natural. People even noticed that many famous people are left-handed, including Benjamin Franklin, Leonardo Da Vinci, and Charlie Chaplin. Some researchers find out that lefties are more creative and can deal with abstract thinking better. The left-handedness is more easily adaptable to the right-handed world as well. Being left-handed is no longer a sad story now; instead, it is a wonderful gift or maybe it is something you should take pride in.

A. In other words, left-handers are born that way.

B. Left-handedness used to be regarded as a disability.

C. The unfavorable associations of the use of the left hand among cultures are varied.

D. Why do they prefer to use their left hand rather than their right hand for routine activities?

E. Why do some parents force their left-handed children to become right-handed when writing?

F. In Ghana, pointing, gesturing, giving or receiving items with the left hand is considered rude.

G. Fortunately, nowadays most societies and cultures no longer reject left-handedness like before.

 “So teach him to close the door”, my daughter Emma responded after listening to me   41    again, about the dog coming in from the back door, bringing with him a blast (一股气流) of Buffalo January   42   air.

Teach a dog to close a door behind him? That has got to be a really, really   43    thing to do. But then she took it a step   44   . “Come on Kolby”, she said, grabbing (抓住) some treats and   45   him in front of the open door. “Touch.” And “touch” he did, which moved the door to a   46   position. She   47   him with a treat, smiled, looked at me, and said “See!” And I saw and became   48   . Over the last few days I have been consistent with Kolby. Each time he comes in I   49   him back to the open door patiently and ask him to close. There have been   50   in the beginning, but lately more and more successes.

However, there remains much work to be done. I have to get him to follow my hand signal again and again   51   he will close the door from a distance. But, I now realize, as long as you keep to the   52  , the task will be completed, and, with the way things are progressing,   53   quickly.

What a   54   treat to have a dog that can close the door after himself! Even more wonder can be found in the   55   I learned so clearly from both Emma and Kolby.

A wish is just a wish until you decide to take   56  . Once you   57   the belief that it is “too hard”, then it remains “too hard ” and out of   58  . Once you decide to accomplish a goal, and   59   that it is “easy”, then it becomes “easy” to do what needs to be done. Just   60   doing it.

After years of heated debate, gray wolves were reintroduced to Yellowstone National Park. Fourteen wolves were caught in Canada and transported to the park. By last year, the Yellowstone wolf population had grown to more than 170 wolves.

Gray wolves once were seen here and there in the Yellowstone area and much of the continental United States, but they were gradually displaced by human development. By the 1920s, wolves had practically disappeared from the Yellowstone area. They went farther north into the deep forests of Canada, where there were fewer humans around.

The disappearance of the wolves had many unexpected results. Deer and elk populations—major food sources for the wolf—grew rapidly. These animals consumed large amounts of vegetation (植被), which reduced plant diversity in the park. In the absence of wolves, coyote populations also grew quickly. The coyotes killed a large percentage of the park’s red foxes, and completely drove away the park’s beavers.

As early as 1966,biologists asked the government to consider reintroducing wolves to Yellowstone Park. They hoped that wolves would be able to control the elk and coyote problems. Many farmers opposed the plan because they feared that wolves would kill their farm animals or pets.

The government spent nearly 30 years coming up with a plan to reintroduce the wolves. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service carefully monitors and manages the wolf packs in Yellowstone. Today the debate continues over how well the gray wolf is fitting in at Yellowstone. Elk, deer, and coyote populations are down, while beavers and red fores have made a comeback. The Yellowstone wolf project has been a valuable experiment to help biologists decide whether to reintroduce wolves to other parts of the country as well.

22. What is the text mainly about?

A. Wildlife research in the United States.

B. Plant diversity in the Yellowstone area.

C. The conflict between farmers and gray wolves.

D. The reintroduction of wolves to Yellowstone Park.

23. What does the underlined word “displaced” in paragraph 2 mean?

A. Tested.    B. Separated.

C. Forced out.    D. Tracked down.

24. What did the disappearance of gray wolves bring about？

A. Damage to local ecology.    B. A decline in the park’s income.

C. Preservation of vegetation.    D. An increase in the variety of animals.

25. What is the author’s attitude towards the Yellowstone wolf project？

A. Doubtful.    B. Positive.

C. Disapproving.    D. Uncaring.

61. His failure made him ______(绝望), but he picked up himself soon .

62. Due to his illness, he has lost his ______(胃口) and has eaten little.

63. It's _______(违法地) to drive through a red light.

64. They have        (分发) the lands among the peasants so far.

65. Let’s have a talk before the dinner is ______（端上）,shall we?

66. The government is made up of men and women ______(选举) by the people of the country.

67. She is always ________(准时的), but her friend is always late.

68. When Christmas comes, the buildings look splendid with ________ (装饰物) on them.

69. The situation between the two countries seems to be getting more and more ____ (复杂的).

70. The man in red s ________ the boy by the arm and took him away.

71. The film Harry Potter Ⅳ is i________ for children above 12 and adults for it contains horror and violence.

72. As soon as the police received the alarm, they rushed to the s       of the accident at once.

73. There is plenty of rainfall in that area, with an a ________ of 800mm a year.

74. Taking part in some after­school a________ does great good to students' health.

75. Do you know the difference between an amateur team and a p________ team?

76. adequate   ________               77. abundant   ________

78. abolish     ________               79. achieve     ________

80. admire     ________

    假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：把缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

　　  2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Recently I read an article in a magazine. It was about the mother who was worried about her son just because of he always kept his hair long. The mother thought that was not right，and the son felt there was nothing unusually about it. Different generations have different opinion on the same thing. That is what is meaning by “the generation gap”．We can see them in our daily life. Most of our parents like listening to old songs when young people prefer pop songs. Every time my father finds me listening to rock music，he always shouted, “ Shut it off. It’s awful ! ” How can we deal with the generation gap?

 假如你是新华中学高二学生李华，你所在的城市将于7月18日—7月20日举办首届国际单车马拉松比赛(marathon)。目前，市旅游局正面向社会招募100名自愿者，请写信给相关负责人申请该工作。

要点包括：

1. 基本情况；

2. 申请原因；

3. 如何确保出色完成任务？

注意:

1. 词数100左右；

2. 可以适当发挥,以使行文连贯。

Dear Sirs,

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

Yours sincerely

Li Hua

The teacher demanded that the exam _____(finish) before eleven.

 　　　your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions.

A. Understanding                        B. To be understood

C. Being understood                           D. Having understood

51. We sincerely hope that our request will ___________ ___________ your ___________(得到······同意).

52. Out of ___________(同情), Tony ___________(陪伴) Claire to the shops, ___________(声称；宣称) that he didn’t want to leave her.

53. ___________(意识到) that there was a shark nearby, James was terrified of ___________ ___________(放弃；遗弃；抛弃) by us.

54. The gift you give is not something your loved one keeps but a ___________(自愿的；志愿的；无偿的) contribution towards the lives of people ___________ ___________(在困难中；在危急中).

55. The preparation course, which Xie Lei highly ___________(推荐；建议), is helping her get used to the academic requirements of a western university. She was told that she couldn’t write what other people had said without ___________(承认；确认；答谢) them and she was encouraged to ___________(反驳；驳斥) the authors she had read. 

56. ___________ ___________ ___________(与······合作或一起工作) a couple from my hotel, I spent all day driving around the city. [Z-X-X-K]

57. All efforts of cloning an animal will be ___________ ___________(白费力气；枉费心机) if there is not enough diversity in the group to ___________(抵抗；对抗) illnesses.

58. I tried ringing you but your phone was ___________ ___________ ___________ (发生故障)and I couldn’t get through.

59. Professor Higgins，an expert in phonetics who can place a man by just a few ___________(谈论；言论；评述), says that Eliza’s terrible English will ___________(注定) her to the gutter to the end of her days.

60. The archaeologist has made it clear that nobody has the right to spit in the street ___________ ___________(不管) their social position or age and she asks the students whether they know the best way to stop crying when ___________ ___________(切碎) onions. 

假如你是李华。你的美国笔友Martin正在某中文学校学习汉语，他来信向你咨询如何学好汉语。请你写一封回信，给他提一些建议。

注意：词数120左右。

Dear Martin,

____________________________________________________________________         _

___________________________________________________________________         __  

Yours,

Li Hua

Why is setting goals so____ 71______? Because goals can help you do, be, and experience everything _____72_____you want in life. Instead __73________just letting life happen to you, goals allow ____74.______to make your life happen. ____75______（success）and happy people have sets lots of goals to help them reach their aims. By setting goals you are taking control of your life. It’s ___76_______having a map to show you ____77____you want to go.

Winners in life set goals and follow through with them. Winners decide what they want in life and then get there by making plans and _____78_____ （set）goals. Unsuccessful people just let life happen by accident. Goals aren’t difficult to set, and ___79_______aren’t difficult to reach. It is up to you to find out what your goals really are. You are ___80_______one who must decide what to do and in what direction to aim your life.

Younger students experience school bullying (欺凌) more frequently than older ones, and male students are bullied more than their female peers, a survey found.

It also found that nearly half of students had been intentionally hit or knocked down by classmates. About 6 percent said they are targeted by bullies on campus every day. The survey also found that students from ordinary schools experienced more bullying than peers from key institutions, and children from poor families are more likely to be bullied at school.

Being bullied can have a negative impact on a child’s personal development and academic performance, according to Zhou Jinyan, a researcher who led the study at Beijing Normal University. “Children being bullied will find it hard to trust others,” Zhou said. “They may often feel anxiety, anger, resentment or depression. These emotions will further undermine their ability to control their own life.”

In recent years, bullying on Chinese campuses has been frequently reported and has attracted widespread attention and concern. The most recent incident to arouse heated discussions took place in December at Beijing’s Zhongguancun No.2 Primary School. A fourth-grade student was bullied and laughed at by classmates, causing him acute stress disorder.

The Supreme People’s Procuratorate (最高人民检察院) received about 1,900 cases related to school bullying in 2016. Meanwhile, there was a notable increase in bullying reports involving middle school students from 14 to 18 years old.

Zhou came up with some ways to solve the problem, including boosting communication between teachers, parents and students and trying to establish more harmonious relationships among children. She said it was strongly suggested that parents try to be involved in their children’s educational experience, as their presence and companionship have proved effective in reducing bullying and its negative effects.

8. Who is the most likely to become the target of bullying?

A. A 10-year-old girl from a key school

B. A 10-year-old boy from a poor family

C. A 17-year-old boy from a rich family

D. A 17-year-old girl from an ordinary school

9. Being bullied will cause students to go through the following EXCEPT _____.

A. a drop in academic performance

B. a lack of trust in other people

C. a drop in the sense of depression

D. a lack of confidence in themselves...

10. We can learn from the text that _____.

A. bullying at school usually leads to acute stress disorder

B. bullying on campus has been brought into sharp focus by the media

C. students who enjoy parents’ companionship will be bullying-free

D. the government should consider taking further action against bullying at school

11. What can be the best title for the text?

A. Bullying affects half of students

B. Negative effects on children caused by bullying

C. Is anything we can do about bullying?

D. The reasons for bullying on campus

    Being sociable looks like a good way to add years to your life. Relationships with family, friends, neighbors, even pets, will all help, but the biggest longevity (长寿) seems to come from marriage. The effect was first noticed in 1858 by William Farr, who wrote that widows and widowers (鳏夫) were at a much higher risk of dying than the married people. Studies since then suggest that marriage could add as much as seven years to a man’s life and two to a woman’s. The effect can be seen in all causes of death, whether illness, accident or self-harm.

　  Even if the chances are all against you, marriage can more than compensate you. Linda Waite of the University of Chicago has found that a married older man with heart disease can expect to live nearly four years longer than an unmarried man with a healthy heart. Similarly, a married man who smokes more than a pack a day is likely to live as long as a divorced man who doesn’t smoke. There’s a flip side, however, as partners are more likely to become ill or die in the couple of years following their husband or wife’s death, and caring for your husband or wife with mental disorder can leave you with some of the same severe problems. Even so, the chances favor marriage. In a 30-year study of more than 10,000 people, Nicholas Christakis of Harvard Medical School describes how all kinds of social networks have similar effects.

　  So how does it work? The effects are complicated, affected by socio-economic factors, health-service provision, emotional support and other more physiological mechanisms(生理机制). For example, social contact can promote development of the brain and immune system, leading to better health and less chance of depression later in life. People in supportive relationships may handle stress better. Then there are the psychological benefits of a supportive partner.

　  A life partner, children and good friends are all recommended if you aim to live to 100. The overall social network is still being mapped out, but Christakis says: "People are inter-connected, so their health is inter-connected."

8.  It can be inferred from the context that the "flip side" (Para. 2) refers to _________.

A. the disadvantages of being married

　　B. the emotional problems arising from marriage

C. the responsibility of taking care of one's family

D. the consequence of a broken marriage

9.  What does the author say about social networks?

　　A. They have effects similar to those of a marriage.

　　B. They help develop people's community spirit.

　　C. They provide timely support for those in need.

　　D. They help relieve people of their life's burdens.

10.  What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

　　A. It's important that we develop a social network when young.

　　B. To stay healthy, one should have a proper social network.

　　C. Getting a divorce means risking a reduced life span.

　　D. We should share our social networks with each other.

Punctuation (标点) Is for Clarity

When you talk, you do not depend upon words alone to tell your listener what you mean. ___16___ You shrug a shoulder, raise an eyebrow, clasp hands, bend forward or backward, stamp your foot, nod or shake your head. These body languages may vary from culture to culture but they do help the speakers to convey meanings. ___17___ You yell or whisper; speak calmly or angrily; lower or raise your voice at the end of a statement or a question. Meaning in talk is also affected by pauses and silence, which are often as significant as words themselves. ___18___

Similarly, when we write, we cannot expect words alone to make clear to our reader what we have in mind. The pauses, stresses and gestures which occur in speech must be represented in writing by various marks of punctuation if meaning is to be fully clear. ___19___

Punctuation came into existence only for the purpose of making clear the meaning of writing words. Every mark of punctuation is a sort of road sign provided to help the reader along his way.___20___ It is harmful or ineffective if it interrupts the flow of thought from your mind to that of your readers.

A. Each of us has probably seen a skilled actor convey ideas and moods without using any words at all.

B. The practice of punctuation, however, has been changing in the last two centuries.

C. Facial and body gestures can and do add much to the words themselves.

D. The needs of the eye are quite different from those of the ear.

E. Additionally, the tones and stress of your voice can and do influence the meanings of words you speak.

F. Punctuation began to become standard in the middle of the 19^th century....

G. Punctuation is effective if it helps the reader to understand.

The 2,298-kilometer Beijing-Guangzhou High-speed Railway ___41___ (official) opened to passengers on December 26，2012. It is the world’s longest high-speed rail route. The ___42___ (design)speed of the track is 350 kilometers, though speeds during the initial period of operation will be limited to about 300 km/h. The new route cuts the travel time between Beijing and Guangzhou ____43____almost two thirds, from 22 hours to roughly 8 hours .On December 1, 2012，not long before the opening of the Beijing-Guangzhou High-speed Railway, the Harbin-Dalian High-speed Railway, ___44___ first high-speed line ever to cross land that lies frozen for almost half a year, began operations, ___45___ allows passengers to appreciate the view off the coast from Dalian in the morning, ___46___ the winter snowscape of frosty Harbin in the afternoon . At present the total ___47___ (long) of high-speed lines in China ___48___(reach) 9,349 km. With four main lines ___49___ (run) east-west and four north-south, the country’s high-speed train network is the world’s largest. China plans to expand ___50___ high-speed railway network to 50,000 km by 2020, to cover almost all large and medium-sized cities.

_____I always felt I would pass the exam, I never thought I would get an A.

A. While      B. Once      C. It     D. Until

Most Americans think of New Year as a single day on January l^st. However, Chinese-Americans and people from other ___41___ (culture) that use different calendars each have another celebration as well. A good example of this is the Chinese New Year celebration in San Francisco, which is similar to ___42___ we do in Shanghai.

The most famous part of Chinese New Year in San Francisco is the parade, which ___43___ (watch) by over three million people every year. Over a hundred entries take part in the parade ___44___ (march) through downtown and Chinatown. In the course of the parade, cheering from the crowd is mixed ___45___ music as local community groups wave banners, flags, and carry lanterns. Chinese themed floats will “float” by, including ___46___ long Golden Dragon float that ___47___ (take) one hundred people to operate. Local kung fu schools will perform lion dances when firecrackers explode around their feet.

For many Americans, celebrating ___48___ (they) ancestral culture is as ___49___ (importance) as American culture, and they celebrate both. If you have a chance ___50___ (visit) the United States, you may have the chance to see some of the celebrations yourself.

She ___to the office than she got down to writing the report.

A. has no sooner got        B. had hardly got

C. had scarcely got     D. had no sooner got

 When you meet with trouble, don’t feel depressed, because in the world there is always someone_______.

  A. who to turn to    B. you can turn to       C. for whom to turn   D. for her to turn

My mom only had one eye. I hated her… she was such an embarrassment. My mom ran a small shop at a flea market. She collected little weeds and such to sell… anything for the money we needed she was such an embarrassment. There was this one day during elementary school.I remember that it was field day, and my mom came. I was so embarrassed. How could she do this to me? I threw her a hateful look and ran out. The next day at school… “Your mom only has one eye?!” and they taunted me.

I wished that my mom would just disappear from this world so I said to my mom, “Why don’t you just die?” My mom did not respond. I guess I felt a little bad, but at the same time, it felt good to think that I had said what I’d wanted to say all this time. Maybe it was because my mom hadn’t punished me, but I didn’t think that I had hurt her feelings very badly.

That night… I woke up, and went to the kitchen to get a glass of water. My mom was crying there, so quietly, as if she was afraid that she might wake me. I hated my mother who was crying out of her one eye. So I told myself that I would grow up and become successful, because I hated my one-eyed mom and our desperate poverty.

Then I studied really hard. I left my mother and came to Seoul and studied, and got accepted in the Seoul University with all the confidence I had. Then, I got married. I bought a house of my own. Then I had kids, too. Now I’m living happily as a successful man. I like it here because it’s a place that doesn’t remind me of my mom.

This happiness was getting bigger and bigger, when someone unexpected came to see me “What?! Who’s this?!” It was my mother… Still with her one eye. It felt as if the whole sky was falling apart on me. My little girl ran away, scared of my mom’s eye.

And I asked her, “Who are you? I don’t know you!!” as if I tried to make that real. I screamed at her “How dare you come to my house and scare my daughter! Get out of here now!!” And to this, my mother quietly answered,

“oh, I’m so sorry. I may have gotten the wrong address,” and she disappeared. Thank goodness… she doesn’t recognize me. I was quite relieved. I told myself that I wasn’t going to care, or think about this for the rest of my life.

Then a wave of relief came upon me… one day, a letter regarding a school reunion came to my house. I lied to my wife saying that I was going on a business trip. After the reunion, I went down to the old shack, that I used to call a house…just out of curiosity there, I found my mother fallen on the cold ground. She had a piece of paper in her hand. It was a letter to me.

She wrote:

My son, I think my life has been long enough now. For you… I’m sorry that I only have one eye, and I was an embarrassment for you. You see, when you were very little, you got into an accident, and lost your eye. As a mother, I couldn’t stand watching you having to grow up with only one eye… so I gave you mine… I was so proud of my son that was seeing a whole new world for me, in my place, with that eye. I was never upset at you for anything you did. The couple times that you were angry with me. I thought to myself‘it’s because he loves me.’ I miss you so much. I love you. You mean the world to me.My World Shattered. I hated the person who only lived for me. I cried for My Mother, I didn’t know of any way that will make up for my worst deeds…

So I gave you mine. With all my love to you! Your mom.

24. What did the writer’s mother do when he was young?

A. A cook.  B. A worker.  C. A businesswoman. D. A cleaner.

25. The writer wished his mom to die, which made his mom    .

A. sad      B. happy        C. calm        D. quiet

26. The writer studied very hard in order to_______ .

A. go to a famous university               

B. become a successful man

C. live far away from his mother            

D. make his mother live happily

27. The writer mainly wants to tell us______ .

A. how he knew his mother’s secret          

B. how he became a successful man

C. how much his mother loved him       

D. how his mother lost one eye