Floyd Landis made several lame excuses blaming medicine he had been taking for an injury, but these were all _________.

   A. in progress             B. in vain             C. in turn            D. in tune

Lead poisoning occurs when lead is presented in high level in the blood of a person. It is the most common medical problem found in children. And it’s important to recognize the presence of lead in a child’s body because lead is very harmful.

Children have the tendency to go around and put things in their mouth like paint. This is one of the main causes of lead poisoning. I also have found that children born in poor families have higher chances of getting exposed to lead. Lead can also be found in old water pipes and food and juice cans.

Some of the common symptoms of lead poisoning in children are headaches, stomach pain, hair loss, muscle weakness, weight loss, ect.

Lead poisoning can have severe effects and can lead to heart diseases, kidney diseases and other problems. It can also result in mental retardation and low I.Q. level. There have been cases where lead poisoning proves to be deadly for the child.

It’s difficult to recognize whether a child is affected with lead poisoning easily, as the symptoms of this disease can occur due to some other medical problems. Therefore, children under the age of 6 should regularly be checked to know the level of lead in their blood, through blood test. It’s possible to completely cure a child with lead poisoning through treatment. Usually, oral medicines are given to the child, while sometimes, they’re injected for reducing the lead level. Children who have very high level of lead in their blood would need treatment for a long period of time and would also be put on a special diet.

Parents have to take certain measures to lower the chance of lead poisoning in children. Cleaning the house regularly and removing shoes at the door, after coming from outside, will prevent the lead particles(微粒) from entering the house. Children should be put on a healthy diet, containing high proportions (比例) of calcium and iron, such as eggs, milk, fruits, potatoes, ect. which helps to keep the lead level in control, in the child’s body. In short, parents should be careful and protect their children from the horrible consequences of lead poisoning.

Lead Poisoning in Children

When travelling abroad, your safest bet is to limit gestures as much as possible. However, you may find that your gestures happen out of habit. Understanding appropriate gestures of the country you’re visiting may prevent you from communicating the wrong message. In North America, eye contact communicates to the speaker that you’re interested and listening. In Asia, people look away to concentrate on what the speaker is saying. Taking the time to get yourself familiar with the gestures of the country you’re visiting will help you connect with the people of the foreign environment.

Gestures in Brazil

Much like the Italian culture, a Brazilian snaps his fingers（打响指）and uses exaggerated（夸张的）hand movements when stressing a statement. The sense of warmth and friendliness with each other is shown through the gesture of eye contact when communicating and standing close together in lineups or when talking to each other. Communicating a greeting is more than the gesture of a handshake, but also involves the touch of the forearm.

Gestures in China

China is affected by Confucius’ way of thinking, which is reflected through its reserved culture. You communicate a greeting in China with the gesture of a slight nod and bow. To communicate respect, you keep your head lowered. In China, the gesture of standing close during a conversation prevents having to communicate with a raised voice. A person will communicate his surprise during a conversation with the gesture of breathing in air loudly, rather than a loud outburst.

Gestures in Russia

Gestures considered common to Americans may be considered rude in Russia. The American gesture to communicate “okay”, with the forefinger and thumb touching and three fingers up, is considered rude in Russia. Looking at your watch is a rude gesture communicating impatience. Russians also feel upset about the gesture of communicating directions by pointing.

Gestures in India

Gestures used in India represent its traditional culture. In India, the gesture of holding out the hand to communicate giving or receiving must be done with the right hand as a person in India uses his left hand for washing. The gesture of communicating respect at a religious ceremony is done by removing your shoes. The proper way of communicating direction is to use either the whole hand or by using your chin. The proper form of communicating a greeting is to press the palms（手掌）together with fingers upward and say, “Namaste”.

1. In China people stand close while talking to ________.

   A. avoid a loud voice                                   B. show their surprise

   C. exchange greetings                                         D. express their respect

2. Which of the following is considered bad manners in India?   

   A. Receiving gifts with the left hand.             B. Using the whole hand to show the way.

   C. Removing shoes at religious ceremonies.   

D. Pressing the palms together upward while greeting.

3. In which country is looking at the watch considered impolite during communication ?

   A. Brazil.                 B. Russia.                     C. India.                              D. China.

4. The passage is mainly about ________.

   A. some traveling tips for visitors                        B. the advantages of using body language

   C. some gestures in communication              D. the comparison between different cultures

One morning in early fall, I saw a pair of wild geese on our pond. The beautiful sight caught me by surprise,   41  we’d never seen geese there before. I   42   where they came from and why they’d chosen our pond.

The next morning, they were  43   there, so I took a roundabout way to the mailbox to show them I meant no   44  . Still, I couldn’t   45   getting a closer look. I stopped by some trees near the water’s edge and quietly looked through the branches at this handsome pair. I was   46   to see that they were staring at me! As the days passed, I started talking to the geese on my trips to the mailbox and they seemed to   47  I was a friend.

By then, my   48   about why they were staying so long at the pond changed to   49  . It wouldn’t be long before the   50  Michigan winter set in and the pond froze over.

One day as they were feeding in the grass, I discovered the reason for their   51  — the male had a broken left  52  . He was unable to   53  , and his lifelong mate would not leave him behind. I was amazed at the   54   between them.

I asked a wildlife biologist friend what I should do. He explained that sometimes a broken wing will   55   itself and suggested letting nature take its course.

On the first day of November, when I was gardening near the pond, I caught some   56   out of the corner of my eye. Both geese were running toward the pond, wings beating violently. Gradually, both flew into the  57   and circled back toward me, flying no more than 50 feet over my head  58 

to say goodbye. Then they were out of sight.

I grew fond of them during their stay at our pond, and I   59  them. I’ll never forget their   60 

to each other. We could all learn a lesson or two from this pair.

41. A. because               B. if                      C. though                      D. unless

42. A. explored               B. wondered              C. doubted                     D. found

43. A. still                   B. rather                  C. never                       D. thus

44. A. violence               B. pain                   C. harm                D. punishment

45. A. bear                  B. stop                   C. risk                    D. resist

46. A. frightened             B. surprised              C. confused              D. annoyed

47. A. realize                B. expect                 C. prove                 D. imagine

48. A. worry                B. hesitation              C. claim                 D. curiosity

49. A. anger                        B. interest                C. concern                     D. fear

50. A. short                 B. cold                  C. mild                  D. early

51. A. love                   B. plan                   C. journey               D. visit

52. A. wing                 B. foot                   C. leg                  D. eye

53. A. walk                  B. run                    C. fly                  D. swim

54. A. promise                      B. bond                  C. difference           D. cooperation

55. A. test                   B. appear                 C. renew               D. cure

56. A. noise                  B. movement             C. voice                D. behavior

57. A. sky                   B. room                 C. garden                      D. forest

58. A. even if                 B. in case               C. as if                  D. so that

59. A. trust                   B. envy                 C. lose                  D. miss

60. A. advice                  B. respect             C. devotion              D. attention

Once again, Christmas was coming. And once again, my daughter Tania was asking, “What do you want for Christmas, Dad?”

“The usual,” I replied. After 23 years, she knew that this   21    a hat and a pair of socks. These were Christmas habits for me.

In the small town where we lived,   22   had a certain rhythm, and the festival was full of   23  . But this year, my daughter, Tania,   24   all that.

Every day for two weeks   25   Christmas, unable to contain her excitement, she   26  said, “You’ll never guess, but you’re going to love your Christmas gift!”

Now, I’m not Scrooge, so please don’t get me wrong. I’m   27    one of those who are hard to impress. I must   28   , however, that it was fun to listen to her   29  talk day after day. By the morning of Christmas Eve, I had become more than a little   30   .

At 11:00 a.m. on the 24^th, my wife and I were asked to go   31    with a “No peeking(偷看)!”32   . “Get out! Get out!” Tania ordered us to leave the front room.

So, we went upstairs. Then we heard her   33  , “Okay, you can come down now!”

We were directed into the front room. By the Christmas tree was a large 34 covered in a blanket.

“Okay,” Tania   35  us, “on the count of three both of you grab a corner of the blanket.” My heartbeat   36   . My wife and I lifted the blanket, and the gift was   37   .

Overcome by   38   , I thought, I couldn’t believe my eyes! I was   39   !

Rising out of the blanket was none   40   my first-born son Greg, home for Christmas for the first time in 19 years!

21. A. included             B. represented     C. meant            D. required    

22. A. life                 B. work                 C. time                 D. fortune    

23. A. gifts            B. surprises            C. tunes                D. habits    

24. A. blamed           B. changed          C. explained            D. valued    

25. A. before           B. after                C. since                D. unless    

26. A. calmly           B. cautiously           C. rudely           D. repeatedly    

27. A. simply           B. strictly             C. deliberately         D. regularly    

28. A. announce         B. admit                C. decide           D. pretend   

29. A. private              B. casual           C. enthusiastic         D. ridiculous    

30. A. upset            B. curious          C. angry                D. patient    

31. A. outside              B. inside           C. upstairs             D. downstairs    

32. A. command          B. note                 C. sign                 D. tip    

33. A. whispering       B. speaking             C. shouting             D. howling    

34. A. present              B. board                C. sock                 D. quilt    

35. A. reminded         B. informed             C. invited          D. instructed     

36. A. slowed           B. speeded          C. stopped          D. dropped    

37. A. offered              B. discovered           C. found            D. exposed    

38. A. encouragement        B. astonishment         C. embarrassment        D. disappointment    

39. A. confused         B. frightened           C. impressed            D. inspired    

40. A. other than       B. rather than          C. less than            D. more than    

The adobe dwellings(土坯房) built by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest 61 ________ (admire) by even the most modern of architects and engineers.In addition to their simple beauty，62_______ makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ability to “air condition”a house without using electric 63_______(equip).Walls 64______(make) of adobe(土坯) take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat slowly during cool nights，thus 65_____(warm) the house.When a new day breaks，the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough 66_____ (cool) the house during the hot day; 67_____ the same time，they warm up again for the night.This cycle 68____(go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消)for the outside temperatures.As 69______(nature) architects，the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly 70______thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.

I'll spend half of my holiday practicing English andhalf learning drawing．（　　）

A．another B．the other      C．other's   D．other

How To Rerd a Difficult Book

    Even if you have lots of experience in reading books,you will come scross books that are just difficult to get through.36

Find a comfortable reading sport

   In many be easier for you to read at a desk,at a table in a quiet library,on grass,by the take,or in one of those cushy chairs at Starbucks.Some readers can't concentrate when there's any noise around them,while others can read anywhere. 37 .

Don't become bleary-eyed（迟钝的）

   In  other works,if the book seems too difficult,stop reading for a bit.Take this time to orgniza your ideas......with images or colors,Or try talking about it with a friend to flush out what you are thinking and feeling about the work.

Don't stop reading for too long.

    It can be tempting to put off finishing the book when the book seems too difficult ,but don't give in to that temptation .39 ,you'llforget what you've accomplished so far.You may forget about important elements of the plot or characterization.The main idea of the book may begin to slip away as well.So,just keep on reading!

40

  If you're still having a difficult time with the book,a tutor might be able to answer your questions.Also consider talking with your teacher about your confusion.Ask him or her specific questions about the book.

A.Try to be alone.

B.Turn to your tutor for answers to your questiongs!

C.If you put off continuing your reading

D.Get help!

E.Here are some tips on how to read a difficult book.

F.Writer down the questions that you have so far.

G.Reproduce those ideal conditions

Over millions of years, penguins（企鹅）have developed a keen sense of where to find food. Once they’re old enough, they set off from the shores on which they were hatched for the first time and swim long distances in search of tasty fish like anchovies and sardines. But they don’t search directly for the fish themselves.

For example, when young African penguins head out to sea, they look for areas with low surface temperatures and high chlorophyll(叶绿素) because those conditions signal the presence of phytoplankton（浮游植物）. And lots of phytoplankton means lots of plankton（浮游动物）, which in turn means lots of their favorite fish. Well, that’s what it used to mean.

Climate change plus overfishing have made the penguin feeding grounds a mirage(海市蜃楼). The habitat is indeed plankton-rich—but now it’s fish-poor. Researchers call this an “ecological trap.”

“It’s a situation where you have a signal that previously pointed an animal towards good quality habitat. That habitat’s been changed, usually by human pressures. The signal stays, but the quality in the environment deteriorates.”

Richard Sherley, a zoologist at the University of Exeter and his team used satellite imaging to track the African penguins from eight sites along southern Africa. Historically, the birds benefited from tons of fish off the coasts of Angola, Namibia and western South Africa, but now they’re going hungry.

“I was really hoping we’d see them going east, and finding areas where the fish had moved to but it ends up being quite a sad story for the penguins.” said Richard.

The researchers calculate that by falling into this ecological trap, African penguin populations on South Africa's Western Cape have declined by around 80 percent.

Some research groups are exploring the idea of moving chicks to a place where they can’t get trapped, like the Eastern Cape. But Sherley thinks that a longer-term solution means making and carrying out rules to create more sustainable(可持续的) fishing industry, something that he says needs public support.

12. How do penguins find their food?

A. They discover fish with their keen sense.

B. They swim long distances directly for fish.

C. They make signals to each other when finding fish.

D. They look for warmer and greener areas.

13. What is an ecological trap for the African penguins?

A. A trap set to catch penguins.

B. A good fish habitat with few fish.

C. A habitat unsuitable for fish.

D. A mirage on the sea.

14. What does the underlined word “deteriorates” in the fourth paragraph mean?

A. Get worse.    B. Get better.

C. Stay the same.    D. Become suitable.

15. What can be done to help the penguins in the long run?

A. Move the penguins to other places.

B. Create nature reserves for penguins.

C. Keep a balanced fishing industry.

D. Increase the population of penguins.

In Britain and other countries, young people sometimes take a “gap year,” a year off between high school and college. This idea never gained a big following in America. Recent news reports have suggested that interest may be growing, though there are no official numbers.
    Charles Deacon，Dean of Admissions at Georgetown University in Washington，D．C．，estimates that in the current first-year class of 1,600 students, only about 25 decided to take a year off．He says this number hasn’t changed much over the years.
    Mr. Deacon says the most common reason for taking a “gap year” is to have a chance to travel, but he says international students may take a “gap year” to meet requirements at home for military duty.
    Some high school graduates see a year off as a chance to recover after twelve years of required education, but it can also give students a chance to explore their interests. Students hoping to be doctors, for example, could learn about the profession by volunteering in a hospital.
    Many colleges and universities support gap-year projects by permitting students to delay their admission. Experts say students can grow emotionally and intellectually as they work at something they enjoy.
    The Harvard admissions office has an essay on its Web site called “Time Out or Burn Out for the Next Generation.” It praises the idea of taking time off to step back, think and enjoy gaining life experiences outside the pressure of studies. It also notes that students are sometimes admitted to Harvard or other colleges partly because they did something unusual with that time.
    Of course，a gap year is not for everyone．Students might miss their friends who go on directly to college, and parents might worry that their children will decide not to go to college once they take time off. Another concern is money. A year off, away from home, can be costly.
    Holly Bull’s job is to specialize in helping students plan their gap year. She notes that several books have been written about this subject. She says these books along with media attention and the availability of information on the Internet have increased interest in the idea of a year off, and she points out that many gap-year programs cost far less than a year of college.
1. What is the passage mainly about？

A．If you want to go to an American university, take a gap year first.

B．It is likely that taking a “gap year” is becoming popular in America.

C．More and more American students are choosing to take a year off.

D．Americans hold different opinions towards students’ taking a “gap year”.

2. How many reasons for students’ taking a “gap year” are mentioned in the passage？

A．2                        B．3                            C．4                           D．5．

3. The essay “Time Out or Burn Out for the Next Generation” suggests that ______．

A．the stress of studies does harm to the students’ health

B．taking a ‘gap year’ can make students free from life learning

C．some famous universities encourage students to gain more life experiences

D．every student must take a “gap year” before applying for a famous university

4. What can we learn from the passage？

A．Charles Deacon doesn’t support the idea of the students’ taking a “gap year”.

B．Books and media have contributed to the students’ interest in school learning.

C．Experts agree taking a year off will benefit the students emotionally and physically.

D．Parents might disagree with the program, concerned about their children’s future.

I hurried ________ I wouldn’t be late for class.

A. since          B. as if          C. so that        D. unless

Curiosity is an important characteristic of a genius. I don’t think you can find an intellectual giant who is not a curious person. Thomas Edison, Leonardo da Vinci, Albert Einstein, Richard Feynman, they are all curious characters. Richard Feynman was especially known for his adventures which came from his curiosity. ____11____ Here are four reasons:

 It makes your mind active and strong.

____12____ Their minds are always active. Since the mind is like a muscle which becomes stronger through continual exercise, the mental exercise caused by curiosity makes your mind stronger and stronger.

 It makes your mind observant of new ideas.

When you are curious about something, your mind expects new ideas related to it. When the ideas come they will soon be recognized. ____13____ This is because your mind is not prepared to recognize them. Just think, how many great ideas may have lost due to lack of curiosity?

 ____14____

By being curious you will be able to see something new that is normally not visible. They are hidden behind the surface of normal life, and it takes a curious mind to look beneath the surface and discover the unknown.

 It brings excitement into your life.

The life of curious people is far from boring. It’s neither dull nor routine. There are always new things that attract their attention and there are always new “toys” to play with.

____15____

A. So is curiosity that important?

B. But why is curiosity so important?

C. It leads you to a new and exciting life.

D. It opens up new worlds and possibilities.

E. Curious people always ask questions and search for answers.

F. Rather than get bored, curious people have an adventurous life.

G. Without curiosity, the ideas may pass right in front of you and yet you miss them.

._____ time, he will make a first-class tennis player.

A. Having given     B. To give     C. Giving     D. Given

I've started driving again.I drove along a road_41_12 years ago near my home.As I drove tonight I_42_Kelly.

Kelly was a_43_when it was constructed.She and her brother were_44_by her father after her mother passed away.By her own_45_,she was a_46_child,climbing out of windows,staying out drinking etc.She started to settle in college.The year after I taught her,a_47_thing happened.

It was about this time of year and Kelly's dad was about to turn to the new road._48_he was not familiar with it, they had a deadly accident.The lecturers sent her a_49_card.I wrote that I would help her with one of the 6_50_she still had to complete.I knew it would be difficult for Kelly but I_51_to help her anyway.

At that time I had just_52_my marriage and was living in rented accommodation alone.Things were_53_but I committed myself to help Kelly.I brought her to my home where I_54_her through the full unit.I got her to complete all the assignments at my home_55_she would stay focused.Kelly made_56_in the unit I taught her,which fundamentally helped raise her overall grades.Kelly's lecturer was so_57_with this that she got Kelly to_58_to the rest of the class! At last,Kelly completed her course.I was so glad she didn't_59_.

A few years ago I met Kelly. She was pushing a pram（婴儿车）,her baby sleeping soundly.It's the_60_she deserved.

41.A.created    B.shaped                 C.located                 D.destroyed

42.A.called        B.honored         C.thanked         D.remembered

43.A.waiter        B.worker                  C.student                 D.conductor

44.A.adopted           B.visited            C.raised            D.abandoned

45.A.will            B.admission      C.design                  D.preference

46.A.shy                  B.wild                C.violent                  D.peaceful

47.A.lucky         B.funny             C.normal                  D.terrible

48.A.Since        B.Unless                  C.If                    D.Although

49.A.gift            B.game             C.comfort          D.birthday

50.A.units         B.courses                C.programs       D.subjects

51.A.feared       B.admitted        C.intended        D.hesitated

52.A. left                  B.saved            C.started                  D.strengthened

53.A. handy      B.tough             C.expected       D.acceptable

54.A.taught       B.followed         C.advised                D.consulted

55.A.in case      B.in that            C.so that                  D.even if

56.A. promises  B.mistakes        C.life                 D.progress

57.A.annoyed          B.disappointed         C.impressed    D.bored

58.A. promise          B.reply              C.explain                  D.apologize

59.A.drop out           B.stay back       C.watch out       D.show up

60.A.most         B.least              C.same             D.opposite

Professional courses, such as Masters of International Business or MIB, have been taken by many students in the last two decades. They are choosing new-age non-conventional courses that guarantee a better future. MIB is a specialized course that teaches the international business. There are valid reasons for so much popularity of the MIB course.

The course content and teaching methods of MIB are quite different from a normal MBA or Master of Business Administration. It has been designed with the sole objective of developing professionals with an in-depth understanding and knowledge of the international trade. The course offers various advantages over the conventional MBA degree course.

The massive increase in the international business and foreign trade gives excellent job prospects(前景) to the new generation. Acquiring a degree of MIB offers outstanding growth of job opportunities. Those who want to pursue in the field of marketing also have a good future after completing the degree from a reputed MIB college. Big multinational organizations look for talented people who can handle the job profile of International Marketing Manage, and people with MIB degrees are preferred. The profile needs an in-depth understanding of overseas markets because it is the strategic post from the perspective of company’s international business growth.

Since business finance and economics are covered at length in the curriculum of MIB, students have great job offers in the field of finance as well. Typically, organizations offer the profile of international finance controllers to those who complete MIB with the specialization of finance. The specialization covers aspects of international taxes, accounts, budgeting and so on. People in this field are well-paid, and growth prospects are unlimited. After completing degree course from a reputed MIB college, there is a good scope in the banking and finance sector as well. International banks appoint people who have an excellent grasp over the international banking policies, currency exchange, and international policies. Thus, MIB is the golden key to success with brilliant job opportunities in national and multinational sectors.

38. How is the second paragraph mainly developed?

A. By analyzing causes                     B. By listing figures

C. By making comparisons        D. By proving definition

39. Why do more and more people intend to acquire a degree of MIB?

A. It is a compulsory course in the colleges

B. It sounds more special than other courses

C. It offers them opportunities to do small businesses.

D. It helps them get good jobs in some organizations

40. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

A. The international finance controller is a high-quality job

B. MIB holders are more promising in all careers than others

C. International banks merely employ MIB college graduates

D. People get higher salary in business field than in finance field

41. What does the underlined phrase “at length ”in Paragraph 4 mean?

A. At last            B. On average          C. In detail          D. By chance

Any car accident is frightening, but an accident in which your vehicle is thrown into the water, with you trapped inside, is absolutely terrifying.    36    However, most deaths result from panic, without a plan or understanding what is happening to the car in the water. By adopting a brace(支撑) position, acting decisively and getting out fast, you can save yourself from a sinking vehicle.

Brace yourself for impact (撞击力). As soon as you're aware that you're going off the road and into a body of water, adopt a brace position. The impact could set off the airbag system in your vehicle, so you should place both hands on the steering wheel in the "ten and two" position.

Undo your seatbelt.   37   Unbuckle the children, starting with the oldest first. Forget the cell phone call. Your car isn't going to wait for you to make the call.

   38   Leave the door alone at this stage and concentrate on the window. A car's electrical system should work for up to three minutes in water, so try the method of opening it electronically first. Many people don't think about the window as an escape option either because of panic or misinformation about doors and sinking .

Break the window. If you aren't able to open the window, or it only opens halfway, you'll need to break it with an object or your foot. It may feel counter-intuitive (有悖常理的) to let water into the car.

   39  

Escape when the car has equalized. If it has reached the dramatic stage where the car cabin has been filled with water and it has become balanced, you must move quickly and effectively to ensure your survival.   40   While there is still air in the car, take slow, deep breaths and focus on what you're doing.

A. Open the window as soon as you hit the water.

B. Surviving a sinking car is not as difficult as you think.

C. It takes 60 to 120 seconds for a car to fill up with water usually.

D. Such accidents are particularly dangerous to the risk of drowning.

E. In conclusion, if you know what to do in the water, you will be safe.

F. This is the first thing to attend to, yet it often gets forgotten in the panic.

G. But the sooner the window is open, the sooner you can escape directly through it.

Being able to count at least ten people as friends makes us happy, but those with five or fewer are likely to be miserable, researchers say. Their study of hundreds of men and women also found t hat people who feel satisfied with their lives always have lots of close friends and regularly make new ones. While it is not clear whether our friends make us happy or we make friends because we are happy, the researchers say it is clear that we should maintain our friendships. Psychologist Richard Tunney said, “Whatever the reason is, actively working on friendships in the same way as to maintain a marriage is a prerequisite(必备条件) to happiness. ”Dr. Tunney, of Nottingham University, quizzed more than 1,700 people about their satisfaction  with their lives and the state of their friendships. Those with five friends or fewer had just a 40 percent chance of being happy.  In other words they were more likely to be unhappy than happy. Ten was the first number at which people were more likely to be happy than unhappy. The happiest people were those with dozens of friends, according to the study, which was carried out for the National Lottery(彩票).

For women, this meant having 33 friends;for men, the number was 49. Dr. Tunney said,“People who were extremely satisfied with their lives had twice the number of friends of people  who were extremely dissatisfied. ” Women tended to have fewer friends than men but formed tighter relationships. Interestingly, the study found that childhood friends are no more likely to make us happy than people we become close to later in life. Lottery winners, however, have a different opinion on life. They are always happier than others despite spending their time with a small circle of old friends. This could be because they trust people they’ve known for a long time.

25.What’s the best title for this passage?

A. The Secret to Happiness Is to Make New Friends

B. Having at Least 10 Good Friends Makes People Happy

C. Why Most People Like to Make Friends Regularly

D. Men’s and Women’s Friends Are Different

26.Which of the following opinions may Richard Tunney NOT agree with?

A. People with few friends are sure to be unhappy.

B. Our friends can make us happy.

C. Happiness may come from a good marriage life.

D. We may become happier if we have more friends.

27.According to the passage, lottery winners ________.

A. enjoy making new friends            B. make new friends easily

C. like staying with old friends           D. have no time to make friends

28.We can conclude from the passage that ________.

A. it’s enough for one person to have ten friends

B. unhappy people must have few friends

C. childhood friends make people happier than adulthood ones

D. friendships play a major role in people’s life

       假设你是佳木斯一中的李华，每年的9月22日是“世界无车日”，请撰写一份主题为“Let’s Ride Bicycles”的演讲稿，主要内容包括：

       1.目前汽车带来的问题；

       2.骑自行车的益处。

       参考词汇：低碳生活（low-carbon life）；节能（energy saving）

       注意：1.词数：100词左右；

                2.演讲稿开头和结尾已给出，该部分不计入总词数；

                3.对所给提示，不要简单翻译，可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。

Good morning, everyone,

       I’m Li Hua from Jiamusi No.1 High School. The topic of my speech is “Let’s Ride Bicycles”.

       That’s all! Thank you!

假设你是李华，你的美国笔友Mike来信说中国书法很难学。就此请你用英语给他写一封回信，主要内容包括：

1.学习书法的意义；

2.练习书法的技巧；

3.给他鼓励和信心。

注意：

1.词数100左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3.开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。

参考词汇：

书法calligraphy

毛笔writing brush

Dear Mike,

I'm sorry to know that you have difficulty in learning Chinese calligraphy.______________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________

Best wishes.

Yours,

Li Hua

There was a time when a trip to the supermarket in the United States often ended with a seemingly simple question from the cashier: “Paper or plastic?” Well, which type of bag would you choose?

While all types of bags have some influence on the environment, it has long been supposed that paper bags are kinder. They are made from a renewable source, break down easily, burn without giving off thick smoke and can be recycled. However, the producing process behind paper bags uses more energy than that of plastic ones. How can this be true?

Studies show that paper bag production requires four times as much energy as plastic bag production. And the amount of water used to make them is twenty times higher. Besides, the influence on forests is very serious. It takes about fourteen million trees to produce ten billion paper bags, which happens to be the number of bags used in the United States yearly. In terms of recycling, the idea that paper bags are more environment-friendly than plastic ones can be quickly discarded. Research shows it requires about 98% less energy to recycle plastic than it does paper.

Even though paper bags might be more harmful than plastic ones, plastic still seems to be considered by governments as the more harmful of the two. In Ireland, for example, a tax has been introduced to discourage the use of plastic bags. People have to pay 22 cents for every plastic bag, and as a result, their use has dropped quickly.

There’s no doubt that it makes more sense to reuse these bags. However, we don’t seem to be doing that at present. That may be because they fall apart quickly. If so, cloth bags are a better choice, but still, their production also has a bad influence on the environment. So what to do? How should we answer the question of “Paper or plastic?” It seems that we first need to ask ourselves one more general question: “What can I do to help the environment?”

12. The questions in Paragraph 1 are used to          .

A. express the author’s doubts

B. tell readers how to save money

C. introduce points for discussion

D. show the kindness of the cashier

13. Compared with plastic bags, paper bags        .

A. need more water to produce

B. require less energy to recycle

C. take more time to break down

D. have less influence on forests

14. The underlined word “discarded” in Paragraph 3 probably means “       ”.

A. shared

B. given up

C. discussed

D. put forward

15. Which question does the author probably hope the cashier will ask?

A. Paper or cloth?

B. Paper or plastic?

C. A small bag or big one?

D. A new bag or your own one?