Hank Viscardi was born without legs. He had not legs but stumps（残肢）that could be fitter with a kind of special boots. People stared at him with cruel interest. Children laughed at him and called him 'Ape Man'(猿人) because his arms practically dragged on the ground.

Hank went to school like other boys. His grades were good and he needed only eight years to finish his schooling instead of the usual twelve. After graduating from school, he worked his way through college. He swept floors, waited on table, or worked in one of the college offices. During all this busy life, he had been moving around on his stumps. But one day the doctor told him even the stumps were not going to last much longer. He would soon have to use a wheel chair.

Hank felt himself got cold all over. However, the doctor said there was a chance that he could be fitted with artificial legs (假腿). Finally a leg maker was found and the day came when Hank stood up before the mirror. For the first time he saw himself as he has always wanted to be-a full five feet eight inches tall. By this time he was already 26 years old.

     Hank had to learn to use his new legs. Again and again he marched the length of the room, and marched back again. There were times when he fell down on the floor, but he pulled himself up and went back to the endless marching. He went out on the street. He climbed stairs and learned to dance. He built a boat and learned to sail it.

     When World War II came, he convinced the Red Cross into giving him a job. Although they didn’t agree at first, they were moved by his courage and strong will. He took the regular training. He marched and drilled along with the other soldiers. Few knew that he was legless. This was the true story of Hank Viscardi, a man without legs.

61. Why did children laugh at Hank and call him ‘Ape Man’?(No more than 10 words)

62. How did Hank get around before he was fitted with artificial-legs?(No more than 10 words)

63. What did Hank most desire all the time?(No more than 15 words)

64. What does the underlined word “convinced” in the last Paragraph mean?(only one word)

65. Please explain how are you inspired by Hank?(No more than 20 words)

When it comes to sports passion, nothing _______the craziness in fans more than football.

A. picks out    B. makes out

C. brings out    D. figures out

Smiles and tears are part of life. But do you find enough time for laughing? I’m not asking if you experience lots of good times. Of course, we should laugh during the happy times. ___36___

___37___ But she wrote one about a more serious subject — cancer in children. The book is titled I WANT TO GROW HAIR, I WANT TO GROW UP. Erma talks with many children who have cancer and learns important lessons from them. She learns, for example, that cancer survivors know how they should smile at life, though they are receiving chemotherapy(化疗).

___38___ Jessica’s leg was cut off at the knee because of cancer. She was learning to wear a prosthesis(假肢). Jessica told about playing soccer. She hit the ball hard with her foot. The ball flew off in one direction while her man-made leg flew another way. Then the brave girl lay on the floor, laughing happily.

As the saying goes, “___39___” Do you find plenty of time to laugh?

You can, if you find reasons to laugh during the difficult times. Survivors know how to laugh. If you can laugh even when you’re in trouble, you will make it. Remember, laugh and the whole world laughs with you. ___40_______

A. We just laugh about it.

B. Cry and you cry alone!

C. There’s a time to cry and a time to laugh.

D. Erma Bombeck is known for her funny books.

E. But do you also laugh during the difficult times?

F. She tells about the experience of 15-year-old Jessica.

G. I still remember those happy days when we were at college.

   假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

   增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

   删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。

   修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

   注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。

         2．只允许修改10处, 多者(从第11处起)不计分。

There are lots of experience in our life. The most unforgettable one for me is the speech competition holding last year. I’m interested in English. When my English teacher told me that I had chosen to take part in the speech competition, I devoted me to the preparation. I was determined to win the first prize. I was such nervous when I stood on the stage that I forgot everything. Not until I caught a sight of my teacher did I calm down. Finally, I do a good job. When I heard I got the first prize, my heart was filled in joy and tears rolled down. Through this speech competition, I understand that it is confidence which makes people succeeded..

假如你是李华，最近你从报纸上看到一家外企公司招聘秘书的广告，请你根据下列要点提示给经理写一封应聘信。

1) 今年20岁，即将毕业于职业院校。主修经济管理。

2) 学习英语超过八年了，熟悉电脑操作；在过去曾任学生报的编辑，有写作和编辑经验；在校成绩优秀。

3) 性格外向，交际能力强。

要求：1) 内容要连贯、完整。

2) 叙述必须用第一人称。

3) 字数:100左右。

参考词汇：职业院校vocational school；主修 major in  经验experience  操作operate

经济管理 business management

Dear Sir or Madam,

I am writing in response to your advertisement for the position as a secretary in the newspaper.

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________

For many people around the world, a subway journey means speeding from one dull station to the next，surrounded by too many uncomfortable, impatient people. But on the Moscow Metro, taking the subway is like walking through a national heritage site. Depending on where you get off，you'll receive a brief course in architectural movements and face colorful glass windows, marble(大理石)columns, gilded (鎏金的）mosaics and painted scenes from Russian history.

    “These extraordinarily beautiful places are unlike any metro station I've ever seen，" says Vancouver-based photographer David Burdeny.

When Burdeny, who himself has a master's degree in architecture, first found out about Moscow’s metro stations, he was struck by the work of art. In all, he has photographed 20 of the most beautiful stations.

Burdeny had originally planned to focus on Russian stations more generally, taking photos of examples in both St. Petersburg and Moscow.

“But when I saw the stations in Moscow, they just completely blew away the St. Petersburg ones，"he says.

Shooting in the subway sounds simple, but it is not without challenges. For one thing, Burdeny had to figure out a way to access them between 12:30 a.m. and 5:30 a.m., when the stations were closed.

In the end, he settled on Arbatskaya Metro Station, whose vaulted (拱顶的） arches he found the most beautiful. But it also represented a challenge he was not sure he was able to overcome: conveying the hugeness of the spaces. The Arbatskaya platform, for example, stretches 820 feet.“Some of the arches are quite long，” he says. “When you enter them, they' re just so completely grand."

1. We can learn from the text that David Burdeny_.

A. is a world-famous architect 

B. is studying Russian history

C. took the subway to and from work

D. took photos of Moscow subway stations

2. What Burdeny found challenging was __.

A. when to take photos of Moscow subway stations

B. whether to work in St. Petersburg or Moscow

C. how to photograph the long arches at Arbatskaya Station

D. where to get off to study the Moscow metro system

3. What does the underlined word “shooting” mean in Paragraph 6?

A. Firing bullets from a gun.           B. Taking photographs. 

C. Making movies.                 D. Throwing the ball at the basket.

Computers have beaten human world champions at chess and, earlier this year, the board game Go(围棋). So far, though, they have struggled at the card table. So we challenged one AI(artificial intelligence) to a game.

Why is poker so difficult? Chess and Go are “information complete” games where all players can see all the relevant information. In poker, other players’ cards are hidden, making it an “information incomplete” game. Players have to guess opponents’ hands from their actions----tricky for computers. Solving poker could lead to many breakthroughs, from cyber security to driverless cars.

Scientists believe it is only a matter of time before AI once again vanquishes humans, so our human-machine match comes up in a game of Texas Hold’s Em Limit Poker. The AI was developed by Johannes Heinrich, a researcher studying machine learning at UCL. It combines two techniques: neural(神经的)networks and reinforcement learning(强化学习).

Neural networks, to some degree, copy the structure of human brains: their processors are highly interconnected and work at the same time to solve problems. They are good at spotting patterns in huge amounts of data. Reinforcement learning is when a machine, given a task, carries it out, learning from mistakes it makes. In this case, it means playing poker against itself billions of times to get better.

Mr Heinrich told Sky News: “Today we are presenting a new procedure that has learned in a different way, more similar to how humans learn. In particular, it is able to learn abstract patterns, represented by its neural network, which allow it to deal with new and unseen situations.”

After two hours of quite defensive play, from the computer at least, we called it a draw.

25. Why can’t the computer beat humans at the poker game?

    A. Because humans are cleverer than the computer

    B. Because humans practice playing the poker game every day

    C. Because the computer can’t learn the regular rules of the poker game

    D. Because the computer can’t know the other players’ cards completely

26. What does the underlined word “vanquishes” in Paragraph 3mean?

    A. Leaves          B. Defeats         C. Cheats     D. Serves

27. What do we know about the reinforcement learning of AI?

    A. It solves problems correctly every time

    B. It is the same as the learning of humans

    C. It learns from the mistakes appearing in a task

    D. It is more developed than the studying ways of humans

28. What can be inferred from the text?

    A. The new procedure of AI has some features of humans

    B. Computers are stronger than humans in every aspect

    C. Humans will beat computers at playing poker forever

    D. Scientists feel unhappy about the result of the poker game

In our modern world, when something wears out, we throw it away and buy a new one. The

   41   is that countries around the world have growing mountains of    42    because people are throwing out more rubbish than ever before.
    How did we   43   a throwaway society? First of all, it is now easier to   44    an object than to spend time and money repairing it.   45   modern manufacturing (制造业) and technology, companies are able to produce products quickly and inexpensively. Products are plentiful and   46   .
    Another cause is our   47   of disposable (一次性的) products. As   48   people, we are always looking for   49   to save time and make our lives easier. Companies   50   thousands of different kinds of disposable products: paper plates, plastic cups, and cameras, to name a few.
    Our appetite for new products also   51   to the problem. We are   52   buying new things. Advertisements persuade us that   53   is better and that we will be happier with the latest products. The result is that we   54   useful possessions to make room for new ones.
    All around the world, we can see the   55   of this throwaway lifestyle. Mountains of rubbish just keep getting bigger. To   56   the amount of rubbish and to protect the   57   , more governments are requiring people to recycle materials.    58   , this is not enough to solve our problem.
    Maybe there is another way out. We need to repair our possessions   59   throwing them away. We also need to rethink our attitudes about   60   . Repairing our possessions and changing our spending habits may be the best way to reduce the amount of rubbish and take care of our environment.

41    A．key                 B．reason             C．project                   D．problem

42    A．gifts               B．rubbish            C．debt                       D．products

43    A．face                B．become            C．observe             D．change

44    A．hide                 B．control            C．replace                   D．withdraw

45    A．Thanks to     B．As to            C．Except for              D．Regardless of

46    A．safe                 B．funny              C．cheap                         D．powerful

47    A．love                 B．lack                 C．prevention              D．division

48    A．sensitive        B．kind                C．brave                   D．busy

49    A．ways            B．places             C．jobs                        D．friends

50    A．donate             B．receive            C．produce              D．preserve

51    A．adapts             B．returns            C．responds             D．contributes

52    A．tired of            B．addicted to       C．worried about       D．ashamed of

53    A．newer              B．stronger         C．higher                   D．larger

54    A．pick up            B．pay for            C．hold onto                   D．throw away

55    A．advantages       B．purposes        C．functions                D．consequences

56    A．show            B．record             C．decrease             D．measure

57    A．technology       B．environment     C．consumers             D．brands

58    A．However       B．Otherwise       C．Therefore               D．Meanwhile

59    A．by                   B．in favour of      C．after                       D．instead of

60    A．spending        B．collecting      C．repairing              D．advertising

Mr White is a kind-hearted man __1__ (live) in a stone cottage__2__( locate) on the edge of

the woods. He enjoys__3__( help) the people in trouble.

 One day ,__4___(walk) along the river, he heard someone__5__( call) for help. Without hesitation, he hurried over___6__( see) what was happening, only__7___ (find) a boy__8__(struggle) in the water. The boy couldn ’ t avoid___9__( sweep) away by a great wave.Immediately, he jumped into the river to save the___10__( drown) boy.___11___( search) for the boy for twenty minutes, he found him in the end and pulled him out of water to the bank. Without his timely help, the boy couldn’t have escaped__12___ (kill) in the water. What a brave and kind man!

假如你叫李华，前往来自美国的交换生Kate同学的住处通知她听有关报告，不巧Kate不在。请根据以下内容用英语给Kate写一张留言条。

报告主题：目前中国教育

主讲人：张教授

听报告对象：全体师生

时间：星期六下午两点

地点：校大礼堂

注意事项：带笔记本记笔记，便于报告后分组讨论;原定于星期六下午两点举行的歌唱比赛延至下周六下午举行，务请按时参加

1. 词数100左右;

2. 可适当增加细节使行文连贯;

3. 开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数

Dear Kate,

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

Yours Truly

Li Hua

I'm usually fairly skeptical about any research that concludes that people are either happier or unhappier or more or less certain of themselves than they were 50 years ago. While any of these statements might be true, they are practically impossible to prove scientifically. Still, I was struck by a report which concluded that today's children are significantly more anxious than children in the 1950s. In fact, the analysis showed, normal children aged 9 to 17 exhibit a higher level of anxiety today than children who were treated for mental illness 50 years ago.

 Why are America's kids so stressed? The report cites two main causes: increasing physical isolation(隔离) brought on by high divorce rates and less involvement in community, among other things and a growing perception that the world is a more dangerous place.
    Considering that we can't turn the clock back, adults can still do plenty to help the next generation.
     At the top of the list is nurturing(培育) a better appreciation of the limits of individualism. No child is an island. Strengthening social ties helps build communities and protect individuals against stress.
   To help kids build stronger connections with others, you can pull the plug on TVs and computers. Your family will thank you later. They will have more time for facetoface relationships, and they will get more sleep.
     Limit the amount of virtual(虚拟的) violence your children are exposed to. It's not just video games and movies; children see a lot of murder and crime on the local news.
     Keep your expectations for your children reasonable. Many highly successful people never attended Harvard or Yale.
     Make exercise part of your daily routine. It will help you cope with your own anxieties and provide a good model for your kids. Sometimes anxiety is unavoidable. But it doesn't have to ruin your life.

7.According to the analysis, compared with normal children today, children treated as mentally ill 50 years ago ________.
A. probably suffered less from anxiety
B. were considered less individualistic
C. were less isolated physically
D. were probably less selfcentered 
8. What does the author mean by saying "we can't turn the clock back" in the third paragraph?
A. It's impossible to forget the past. 
B. The social reality children are facing cannot be forgotten.
C. It's impossible to slow down the pace of change.
D. Lessons learned from the past should not be forgotten.
9. The author thinks that the conclusions of any research about people's state of mind are ________.
A .  illogical                     B.  confusing
C.  surprising                   D.  questionable
10. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A. To children, anxiety is completely avoidable.
B. TV and computer play an important role in isolating children from the real world.
C. Exercise does not help to lessen children's anxiety.
D. Sometimes local news about crime and murder also affects children a little.
11. The first and most important thing parents should do to help their children is________.
A. to lower their expectations for them 
B. to set a good model for them to follow
C. to get them more involved socially
D. to improve them with a safer environment

    Maybe you don’t think animals have certain mental powers which human beings do not have. But the truth is that some of them have instincts, and besides this, I am sure they can feel certain things we humans cannot. A personal experience showed me this.

Some years ago, I had a dog named Howard. From the time when he was a puppy, he was timid, so we named him Howard, sounding like “coward”! He was especially afraid of thunderstorms. At the first flash of lightning or crash of thunder, he would run into his house and hide under a table.

I often went for a walk with Howard. Once, as we were walking along a road, it began to rain. I quickly ran to a bus stop for shelter. The bus stop had a roof supported by metal poles. Soon after I had got there, Howard caught my trousers in his teeth and tried to pull me away. At first I was puzzled and a little angry at his behavior. But I decided to humor him and walked away from the shelter into the rain and started to go home.
    When I was about two hundred meters from the shelter, there came a flash of lightning and soon after, there was thunder which nearly deafened（震聋） me. Howard stopped walking and began whining(哀鸣). Thinking he was afraid, I bent to pick him up. As I straightened up, I glanced at the bus shelter we had just left. I was shocked to see that two of the poles were bent and the roof was lying on the ground, broken. The shelter had been struck by the bolt of lightning!

25. The reason why the author was puzzled and angry with the dog was that          .

A. Howard had a strange behavior         

B. Howard should be afraid of the metal poles

C. Howard should know the approaching of the terrible lightning

D. Howard bit his trousers in his teeth  

26. Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A. Dogs are cleverer and better than men.  

B. Dogs are usually afraid of thunderstorms.

C. Some animals can feel certain things humans cannot.

D. Dogs are naturally born heroes.

27. What can be inferred about the bus shelter from the passage?

A. It was about 200 meters from the author’s home.  

B. It was destroyed in a rainy day.

C. Its roof was supported by wood poles.   

 D. It could produce blinding flash of lightning.

假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Peter 想来中国旅行，他写信向你了解他到北京后乘坐何种交通工具旅行比较适宜。请你给他写封回信，建议他乘坐高铁。
建议理由：
   1. 便捷，准点；
   2. 舒适，安全；
   3. 购票方便，价格适宜。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节， 以使行文连贯；
3. 开头语已为你写好。
参考词汇：中国高铁 CRH ( China Railway High-speed )
自助售票机 self-service ticket machine
Dear Peter,
I’m expecting you to come to China.               .

Many years ago, I went to 8.____my mother from work in the afternoon. I got there a little early so I parked the car by the road and waited for her.

As I looked outside the car window to my right, there was a small park where I 9.____a little boy, around one and a half to two years old, 10._____ freely on the grass as his mother watched from a short distance. The boy had a big smile on his face 11._____ he had just been set free from some sort of prison. The boy would then fall to the grass, get up, and without 12.____ or without looking back at his mother, run as fast as he could, again, still with a smile on his face. It seemed  13._____ had happened!

For kids, 14._____ at an early age, when they fall down, they don't regard their falling down as a 15.____; instead, they treat it as a learning experience. They feel compelled to try and try again until they succeed. The answer must be that they have not 16. ____ "falling down" with the word "failure" yet, thus they don’t know how to feel the state which accompanies failure. Therefore, they are not 17. ____ in any way. In addition, they probably think to themselves that it's perfectly okay to fall down, and that it's not wrong to do so. 18. ____, they give themselves permission to make mistakes. Thus they remain energetic.

Touched as I was by the boy’s 19. ___, I was equally touched by the manner in which he ran. With each attempt, he looked so 20._____ and natural. No 21.____ of fear and nervousness.

His only aim was to run freely and to do it as 22. _____ as he could. He was just being a child-just being himself - being completely in the moment. He was not looking for 23._____ or was not worrying about whether someone was 24._____ or not. He wasn't concerned about being judged. He didn't seem to be bothered by the fact that maybe someone would see him fall (as there were others in the park apart from him and his mother) and that it would be 25._____ if he did fall. No, all that 26. _____ to him was to accomplish the task or activity at hand to the best of his ability. To run and to feel the experience of running fully and freely. I 27.____ a lot from that observation and experience, and have successfully brought that lesson with me in my many pursuits in life.

8．A. take up           B. pick up          C. bring up        D. look up

9．A. realized           B. understood        C. saw           D. helped

10．A. marching         B. walking          C. running        D. moving

11．A. even if           B. as if             C.  if only        D. only if 

12．A. situation          B. competition       C. hesitation      D. motivation

13．A. everything        B. something         C. anything       D. nothing

14．A. generally         B. specially          C. especially      D. normally

15．A. failure           B. success           C. shame         D. pity[Z-X-X-K]

16．A. announced       B. abandoned         C. associated      D. assumed

17．A. encouraged       B. discouraged       C. shocked        D. excited

18．A. In other words    B. In conclusion      C. For another      D. On the contrary

19．A. faith            B. honesty           C. persistence      D. loyalty

20．A. upset           B. confident          C. enthusiastic     D. calm

21．A. symbols         B. signals            C. signs          D. marks

22．A. effectively       B. imaginatively       C. relatively      D. negatively

23．A. explanation      B. opinion            C. curiosity        D. approval

24．A. listening         B. glaring            C. watching       D. enjoying

25．A. embarrassing     B. amazing          C. confusing       D. thrilling

26．A. referred         B. came             C. mattered        D. contributed

27．A. won            B. learned           C. made           D. knew

 While staying in the village, James unselfishly shared whatever he had with the villagers without asking for anything 　　　.

A. in return                B. in common         C. in turn                D. in place

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文, 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除: 把多余的词用斜线( \ )划掉。 

修改: 在错词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意:  1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;      

2. 只允许修改10处, 多者(从第11处起)不计分。

My neighbor, Mr. Chen is one of those people which we call “volunteers”. Every fortnight, he volunteers his service as the guide at the local aquarium(水族馆) to clean up the tanks. There are very danger creatures in these tanks, Mr. Chen has to be cautious with them. In the other hand, there are also friendly animals and Mr. Chen enjoys play with them underwater. If Mr. Chen works every two weeks, his colleagues know her perfectly. They find that he often stays late even after closing hours just make sure the place is clean and the fishes are feed. Mr. Chen says he takes pleasure in helping out because of he finds it most satisfying to be near the fishes.

    Five meteorologists(气象学家) who were trapped for two weeks after polar bears surrounded their weather station are now able to leave after the creatures were chased away. Their supervisor told NBC News early Wednesday.

    Russian officials had feared the siege(围困) could last for another month, the time it would take to reach the islands in the Kara Sea, high in the Arctic Circle. But on Tuesday night a research ship took a detour(绕道) to assist those weathermen, station supervisor Vasily Shevchenko told NBC News. The ship run by Russia’s state-run oil firm Rosneft frightened away the bears using its helicopter, before resupplying the weather station with more food and puppies(幼犬). The puppies are not yet big enough to deter the bears, but the station is planning to draft in a replacement adult guard dog as soon as possible.

    Some of the bears had taken to sleeping directly outside the windows of remote outpost. There was no risk of the researchers starving because they had a year’s worth of food, but they were forced to take dangerous trips to a nearby building, holding a gun for protection, according to Shevchenko.

    Polar bears are an endangered species. In Russia, it’s a crime to shoot them unless in self-defense. The bears usually leave the islands in the summer, but this time they were trapped by the melting ice, an apparent sign of climate change, according to Shevchenko. “They’ve stayed on the island because there is nowhere for them to go,” he said.

    The animals suffer from global warming because it shrinks the floating ice that forms their main hunting ground. According to the environmental group the World Wide Fund for Nature, known as the WWF, this has got some polar bears to go near human habitats in search of food.

13. What did the research ship do to help the five meteorologists?

A. Drive them home.

B. Shoot all the bears.

C. Use its helicopter to scare the bears away.

D. Supply the weather station with more money.

14. What made the bears trapped on the island according to the text?

A. Sea pollution.             B. Climate change.

C. Humans’ hunting.          D. Animal’s hunting.

15. What can we infer from the text?

A. People in Russia can hunt bear for money.

B. The melting ice will kill all the polar bears.

C. The five meteorologists hated the bears very much.

D. WWF made some contributions to protecting polar bears.

1.       人们很少会考虑到过分沉迷于外貌所可能引起的危险。(Seldom)

2.       色彩鲜艳的药片可能被孩子们误当成糖果，因此应该把它们放在孩子们拿不着的地方。(mistake)

3.       我想向你们推荐一部我近期观看的电影Paterson, 这部电影定会让你们受益良多。(recommend)

4.       为减少污染，政府开展了一系列的活动旨在鼓励大众用纸袋代替塑料袋。 (replace)

5.       如果你想向牛津大学申请奖学金，你需要先填写一份申请表。一旦他们收到了你的申请表，他们就将会视为申请者的一员。(apply)

You can love them or hate them, but no matter which tourist destination you visit, chances are you'll see someone with their head buried in a Lonely Planet guidebook.      

Lonely Planet is one of the world's largest travel guide brands, publishing more than 500 different guides in eight languages. The popular brand also produces television shows, websites and podcasts (播客) all devoted to travel.      

Some people praise Lonely Planet books because they make traveling easy and affordable. They also save time and make sure you don't miss the best things.      

They also provide the reviews of hostels, hotels, restaurants and ticket information about your destination.      

This can be great if you're a nervous traveler, or if you haven't traveled by yourself before. If you're in a country where you don't speak the language, sometimes there's nothing better than getting into a taxi and opening up a guidebook. You simply point to a map that directs the taxi driver to a hostel that's cheap and clean, with friendly staff and cold beer.      

But others criticize Lonely Planet and other travel guide publishers like them. They say guidebooks take the fun and spontaneity (自发性) out of traveling, and that part of the enjoyment of travel comes from the fact that anything can happen. They also regret that if you follow a guidebook, you'll end up doing the same thing and having the same experience as everyone else. You might end up seeing the same group of people over and over, because everyone is reading the same book and following the same route.      

Another criticism of travel guides is that they have a large impact on local communities. For example, some locals devote their lives to behaving in ways that attract tourists. They pretend to live a traditional lifestyle, wear traditional clothes and live in traditional houses in order to attract the tourist dollar.

23. The Lonely Planet guidebook can bring you the following advantages EXCEPT that _____.

A. you can speak a foreign language when opening a guidebook 

B. you can easily find a nice place to stay in a strange city 

C. it provides lots of useful information about your destination 

D. it can help you save time and money when traveling

24. People criticize the guidebook because ________.

A. it is not as useful as most travelers expect

B. tourist destinations will be crowded if everyone follows the same route 

C. travelers may not get the chance to have unexpected adventures 

D. local people keep modern lifestyles under its influence

25. What do we know about the Lonely Planet guidebook from the text?

A. It's a world-famous brand only producing guidebooks for travelers. 

B. It's very useful to a person who's nervous about touring an unfamiliar place.

C. It's very useful to a tourist who likes to repeat others' experiences. 

D. It is loved by all travelers because of the convenience it brings to travelers.

26.  Which of the following best shows the structure of the text? (①－⑦ stand for

Paragraph l－Paragraph 7 )

     A                       B                C                      D

As most dog owners will agree, having a dog is great for several reasons. For one, dogs are typically loyal, steady companions. Many studies have shown that caring for a dog is a great way to get more exercise, relieve stress, and generally improve quality of life. And, according to one study, bringing your dog to work can also make you and your co-workers more productive.

But wait. Wouldn’t having a bunch of dogs running around the office create chaos? They need to be walked, fed and played with. And what happens when two or more dogs don t get along? Who wants an office dog fight?

According to the study, though, as long as dogs are properly selected and are generally friendly, their presence in the workplace may enhance work efficiency (效率) by lowering stress and increasing friendship and physical activity. The researchers studied around 500 workers for one week at a company. Their most interesting finding was that self-reported stress remained low throughout the day for employees who brought dogs to work and increased for workers without dogs. The researchers also observed many non-dog owners asking to take their co-workers’ pets out for a walk.

Of course, the benefits of having dogs at work depend partly on the workplace and the dog people choose. But in general, job-related stress is one of the biggest causes of employees’ tiredness and absence. So bringing clogs and perhaps other pets to work may prove to be an easy, low cost way to lower stress and make you a better worker.

32. The first paragraph serves as a(n)       .

A. introduction                   B. background                          C. example                         D. argument

33. What’s the probable meaning of the underlined word “enhance” in Paragraph 3?

A. decrease                       B. affect                             C. assess                                  D. improve

34. What does the study find about some workers without dogs?

A. They also like having pets at work.

B. Their work efficiency becomes lower.

C. They are less stressed than dog owners.

D. They show no interest in petting dogs.

35. What does the author think of taking dogs to work?

A. Dogs are fit for any workplace.

B. Dogs taken to work should be selected.

C. All dogs can lower people’s work stress.

D. Dogs are the best pet to be taken to work.