Many children first learn the value of money by receiving an allowance. The purpose is to let children learn from experience at an age when financial mistakes are not very costly.

The amount of money that parents give to their children to spend as they wish differs from family to family. Timing is another consideration. Some children get a weekly allowance. Others get a monthly allowance.

In any case, parents should make clear what, if anything, the child is expected to pay for with the money.

At first, young children may spend all of their allowance soon after they receive it. If they do this, they will learn the hard way that spending must be done within a budget. Parents are usually advised not to offer more money until the next allowance. The object is to show young people that a budget demands choices between spending and saving. Older children may be responsible enough to save money for larger costs, like clothing or electronics.

Allowances give children a chance to experience the things they can do with money. They can share it in the form of gifts or giving to a good cause. They can spend it by buying things they want. Or they can save and maybe even invest (投资) it.

Saving helps children understand that costly goals require sacrifice: you have to cut costs and plan for the future. Requiring children to save part of their allowance can also open the door to future saving and investing. Many banks offer services to help children and teenagers learn about personal finance. A savings account is an excellent way to learn about the power of compound interest (利息). That may not seem like a lot. But over time it adds up.

28.  Parents give their children allowance to ________.

A. show off their wealth               B. let them make more money

C. let children manage family finance    D. learn the value of money

29.  Why are parents advised not to offer young children more money in advance?

A. To show them how to make a budget.

B. To save money for larger costs.

C. To let children make fewer mistakes

D. To give them more allowance next time.

30.  What can we learn from the last paragraph?

A. Children need not save their allowance.

B. Saving can help children plan future finance.

C. Children can buy everything with their allowance.

D. All children must have a savings account.

31.  The author intends to ________.

A. make parents aware of the children’s allowances

B. show the methods of investing

C. give advice on how to save money

D. introduce the advantages of allowances

    Nowadays, it is common that more and more high school students open their own micro- blogs on the Internet. For one thing, it can provide a colorful platform to show their talent. For 56    , it is a useful way to release their pressure. And all these make it more and more popular with high school students. 57   , many parents and teachers hold a different view. They think that managing one’s micro blog will take a lot of time and energy,    58   should be used to study.

     In my view, I am greatly in favor    59    this activity. Today the Internet is playing    60  important and essential role in our life. Therefore as high school students, we need to learn to make use of this   61  ( value ) tool to communicate and display ourselves. What’s more, opening microblogs need various abilities such  62  writing, designing , being skillful at computer and so on. Only if we master those abilities can we make a successful micro blog. As a result, we will improve ourselves while    63   (organize) our microblogs.

 In fact, microblog     64    ( oneself ) is of little harm. It is your attitude towards it     65       matters. We should take the advantages and avoid some bad effects.

Not long ago,few little girls imagined they could grow up to become astronauts.For years in the United States, only men had that opportunity.In 1983,that changed.Sally Ride made history by becoming the first American woman to travel to space.

On Monday,Ride died at the age of 61,"Sally was a national hero and a powerful role model,"President Barack Obama said in a statement."She inspired generations of young girls to reach for the stars."

Ride became interested in space when she was a kid."If you asked me when I was 12 whether I wanted to be an astronaut,I’m sure I would have said yes,"she said in a 2010 interview."But I didn’t even think about that as a possible career."

After studying physics in college,Ride got her chance.She was accepted into NASA’s astronaut training program in 1978,and then chosen to be the first American female in space.In 1983,she blasted into space aboard the Challenger shuttle.

Ride returned to space on the Challenger a second time in1984.Between the two missions,she spent a total of 343 hours in orbit.After that,she remained involved with the space program and also worked to share her passion for science with kids.She co-authored six science books for children ,and started her own science education company.

Ride knew that she held a unique place in history."I realized how important it was for a woman to break that barrier and open the door for other women to be able to do the same exciting things that the men had been doing," she said.

Since Ride’s historic trip,more than 40 other American women have traveled to space.They all had Ride to thank for opening the door to the final frontier.

25.Obama called Ride a national hero because she      .

A.was the first American to travel to space                         B.became the first American female in space

C.was the first to travel on the Challenger shutter                     D.opened a door for women to find suitable jobs

26.What other contributions did Ride make?

A.Taking many pictures of the space program.                  

B.Starting a company to teach more astronauts.

C.Teaching kids through sharing her thirst for science.     

D.Teaching woman how to become a successful astronaut.

27.What key characters does Ride have according to the text?

A.Brave and creative.        B.Curious and strict.          C.Kind and elegant.           D.Generous and easy-going.

28.What can we learn from the text?

A.Ride studied astronomy when she was in university.

B.Americans think Ride was the greatest woman in history.

C.There are many women who have become astronauts after Ride.

D.Ride wanted to find a job as an astronaut when she was very young.

One morning more than thirty years ago，I entered the Track Kitchen，a restaurant where everyone from the humblest （卑微的） to the most powerful came for breakfast．I noticed an empty chair next to an elderly，unshaven man，who looked somewhat disheveled． He was wearing a worn﹣out hat and was alone．I asked if I might join him．He agreed quietly and I sat down to have my breakfast．

We cautiously began a conversation and spoke about a wide range of things．We never introduced ourselves．I was concerned that he might have no money and not be able to afford something to eat．So as I rose to go back to the counter and buy a second cup of coffee，I asked，

"May I get you something？"

"A coffee would be nice．"

Then I bought him a cup of coffee，We talked more，and he accepted another cup of coffee．Finally，I rose to leave，wished him well，and headed for the exit．At the door I met one of my friends．He asked，

"How did you get to know Mr．Galbreath？"

"Who？"

"The man you were sitting with．He is chairman of the Board of Churchill Downs．"

I could hardly believe it．I was buying，offering a free breakfast，and feeling pity for one of the world's richest and most powerful men!

My few minutes with Mr．Galbreath changed my life．Now I try to treat everyone with respect，no matter who I think they are，and to meet another human being with kindness and sincerity．

4．What does the underlined word"disheveled"mean？　  　

A．Unfriendly．

B．Untidy．

C．Gentle．

D．Kind．

5．The author bought coffee for the old man because　  　．

A．he thought the old man was poor        

B．he wanted to start a conversation

C．he intended to show his politeness       

D．he would like to thank the old man

6．How did the author probably feel after he talked with his friend？　   　

A．Proud．

B．Pitiful．

C．Surprised．

D．Regretful．

7．What is the message mainly expressed in the story？　  　

A．We should learn to be generous．

B．It is honorable to help those in need．

C．People in high positions are not like what we expect．

D．We should avoid judging people by their appearances．

Scientists around the world have been studying the warming of waters in the Pacific Ocean known as El Nino. The appearance of El Nino is known to affect the weather around the world. Scientists still do not completely understand it. Yet they now find they can use it to tell about the future in different areas of the world.

One example is the work of two scientists at Columbia University in New York, Mark Cane and Gordon Eshel. A scientist of Zimbabwe（津巴布韦）, Roger Buckland worked with them. They have found that when El Nino appears, Zimbabwe has little or no rain. This means corn crops in      Zimbabwe are poor. The last El Nino was in 1991 to 1993. That was when southeastern Africa suffered a serious lack of rain.

The scientists wrote about their recent work in the publication Nature. Their computer program can tell when an El Nino will develop up to a year before it does. They suggest that this could provide an effective early warning system for southern Africa, and could prevent many people from starving.

33. El Nino is known as _______.

A. the changing of the weather in southern Africa

B. the warming of waters in the Pacific Ocean

C. the weather which brings drought（旱灾）to Africa

D. the weather phenomenon that brings heavy rains to Africa

34. Scientists study El Nino in order that ______.

A. they can provide a kind of early warning to the place that will suffer from drought

B. they can tell why Zimbabwe has little or no rain

C. they can do some research work in this field.

D. they can put all this information into their computers.

35. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Scientists come to understand how El Nino appears.

B. Three scientists from the USA work on this subject.

C. Southern Africa suffered a serious drought and many people died from hunger.

D. El Nino has something to do with Zimbabwe’s poor crops.

 It is wise to put milk on a shelf close to the bottom because it is especially _______ to temperature changes

A. flexible                B. sensitive

C. fundamental             D. positive

 根据下面提示写一篇短文

1．简述以下现象：

（1）健康之重要人尽皆知。

（2）许多青少年不注重健康问题，假期尤甚。长时间看电视，通宵上网聊天、玩游戏。导致的危害如：影响视力，身体虚弱，缺乏人际交往。

2. 简述你的看法，提出你的建议。

要求：（1）内容完整，层次清楚，语言流畅。（2）词数120左右，标题已给出，不计入总词数。参考词汇：交流communicate；心理健康 mental health

Have a healthy lifestyle

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

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When I was a teenager I volunteered to work at the water station at a 10,000m race. My job was to   36   water to the runners. I remember being so   37   to see all the different kinds of people who passed by and grabbed a cup of water. Some ran past, some walked past and a few wheeled past. I saw so many types of people doing it. I thought maybe I could do it too! So the next year I   38   up for the race.

    That first 10,000m race was quite an  39 . I jogged, I walked, I jogged and I walked.   40  , I didn’t know if I could finish. Then came a defining (决定性)   41   .

    At one point near the end, a 70-year-old man ran past me, very, very fast, and I felt   42  because I was 50 years younger than he but I couldn’t even keep up with him. I felt   43   for a second.

But then I   44   something. He was running his race and I was running mine. He had   45  abilities, experience, training and goals for himself. I had mine. Remember my   46  was only to finish.

After a minute, it   47   me that this was a lesson I could draw from. I learned something about myself in that moment. I turned my embarrassment into   48  .

I  49  that I would not give up on running races. In fact, I would run even more races and I would learn how to train and prepare   50   and one day I would be one of those 70-year-old persons who were still running. As I crossed the finish line, I was proud of my   51  .

In life we all have those moments where we   52   ourselves to others. It’s only   53  . Don’t allow those moments to   54   you. Turn them into motivation and let them inspire you. With the proper preparation and training, you can improve your result to   55    anything you want in life.

36. A. bring out             B. pass out              C. take out             D. pick out

37. A. excited                B.worried               C. concerned          D. anxious

38. A. gave                   B. made                  C. signed                 D. dressed

39. A. achievement        B. encouragement        C. instruction        D. experience

40. A. At times              B. In time                 C. In all                  D. After all

41. A. victory                       B. decision                  C. moment                    D. conclusion

42. A. embarrassed             B. annoyed                 C. moved                      D. thrilled

43. A. relaxed                     B. defeated                   C. puzzled                     D. inspired

44. A. realized                      B. lost                         C. noticed                     D. remembered

45. A. special                       B. evident                     C. common                   D. different

46. A. motto                        B. plan                         C. goal                          D. direction

47. A. worried                      B. hit                            C. reached                     D. hurt

48. A. attraction                 B. devotion                   C. inspiration                 D. expectation

49. A. hoped                       B. promised                  C. decided                     D. suggested

50. A. slightly                       B. hardly                     C. clearly                       D. properly

51. A. excitement               B. accomplishment       C. movement                 D. judgement

52. A. introduce                   B. relate                        C. present                      D. compare

53. A. important                   B. natural                      C. strange                      D. ridiculous

54. A. weaken                      B. wound                        C. amuse                      D. cheer

55. A. reserve                      B. deliver                       C. achieve                    D. Abandon

假定你是李华，诺丁汉大学（The University of Nottingham）2017年计划在中国招收一批优秀高中毕业生，你准备报名。请你向该校招生负责人Dr. Dan发一封电子邮件，包括以下内容：

1. 简要说明你的意向及个人情况；

2. 适当咨询申请入学的准备工作（如：笔试、面试的时间以及考查重点、学费等）；

3. 具体询问学校的课程安排以及学生的在校学习、课外活动、业余生活、住宿等情况。

注意：1. 词数100左右。2. 文中不能出现可能透露考生真实身份的任何信息。

  Nobody likes having to deal with an upset child. If your little one is hurt, scared or sad, your heart breaks for her. If she’s mad, it can make you mad. You want to be there for her and comfort her, but the best way to do that will depend mainly on two things: why she’s upset and how old she is. Be calm and open-minded when trying to comfort your upset child.

     Try to find out why your child is upset, because that affects how you should respond and what will be most effective in trying to comfort her. Take her aside and sit down to talk on her level, physically and emotionally. Be sure she knows she has your complete attention while she’s telling you about the friend who wouldn’t share her new toy and so on. Even if you’ve got 20 other things you need to get done, make yourself take a break and focus on her for a few minutes.

     Listen carefully to what your child says, and also pay attention to what she’s not saying. If she says she’s upset because “she hates her stupid school”, you must “choose to accept it” — to read between the lines. Maybe she’s struggling with her studies, or the teacher scolded(责备) her in front of everybody. Patiently listen and try to draw her out so you know what kind of problem you’re dealing with.

    Sometimes just knowing someone hears her pain goes a long way toward comforting an upset child. Don’t make excuses or blame others, just let her know her feelings are natural and understandable. Give her permission to feel sad for a little bit or even cry a little, and give her a big hug. Then help her think of ways to get over the hurt and refocus her attention on another activity or friend.

25. What is the purpose of the author in the passage?  

  A. To show an upset child is very tough.

  B. To share his experience of keeping a child.

  C. To tell how to comfort an upset child.

  D. To get advice on how to raise a child.

26. When faced with an upset child, the parents       .

  A. may feel at a loss(不知所措）what to do next

  B. should turn to experts for advice

  C. should keep him company all the time

  D. will easily get angry and frustrated

27. When parents have a talk with their child patiently, she can       .       .

  A. focus her attention on the talk

  B. understand her parents easily

  C. talk about her new toy with you

  D. open her heart to the parents

28. The underlined part in the passage means to       .

  A. advise her to tell the reason

  B. drive her out of home

  C. take her to the outside

  D. blame her

Nuclear power's(核能的) danger to health, safety, and even life itself can be described in one word; radiation(辐射). Nuclear radiation has a certain mystery about it, partly because it cannot be detected (探测) by human senses. It can't be seen or heard, or touched or tasted, even though it may be all around us. There are other things like that. For example, radio waves are all around us but we can't detect them, sense them, without a radio receiver. Similarly, we can't sense radioactivity without a radiation detector. But unlike common radio waves, nuclear radiation is not harmless to human beings and other living things. At very high levels, radiation can kill an animal or human being completely by killing masses of cells (细胞) in important organs (器官). But even the lowest levels can do serious damage. There is no level of radiation that is completely safe. If the radiation does not hit anything important, the damage may not be significant. This is the case when only a few cells are hit, and if they are killed completely. Your body will replace the dead cells with healthy ones. But if the few cells are only damaged, and if they reproduce themselves, you may be in trouble. They reproduce themselves in an unusual way. They can grow into cancer. Sometimes this does not show up for many years.

This is another reason for some of the mystery about nuclear radiation. Serious damage can be done without the knowledge of the person at the time that damage has occurred. A person can be irradiated(放射治疗) and feel fine, then die of cancer five, ten, or twenty years later as a result. Or a child can be born weak or easy to get serious illness as a result of radiation absorbed by its grandparents. Radiation can hurt us. We must know the truth.

67. According to the passage, the danger of nuclear power lies in __________.

A. nuclear mystery                                 B. radiation detection

C. radiation level                                     D. nuclear radiation

68. Radiation can lead to serious results even at the lowest level ________.

A. when it kills few cells                            B. though the damaged cells can repair themselves

C. if it damages few cells                D. unless the damaged cells can reproduce themselves

69. Radiation can hurt us in the way that it can _____.

A. kill large numbers of cells in main organs so as to cause death immediately

B. damage cells which may grow into cancer years later

C. affect the healthy growth of our younger generation

D. lead to all of the above results

70 . Which of the following can be best inferred from the passage?

A. The importance of protection from radiation cannot be overemphasized (过分强调).

B. The mystery about radiation remains unsolved.

C. Cancer is mainly caused by radiation.

D. Radiation can hurt those who do not know about its danger.

We took a taxi to the airport. Otherwise we ____ (be)late

One man was to meet his wife downtown and spend some time shopping with her. He waited __41__ for 15 minutes. Then he waited impatiently for 15 minutes more. After that, he became__42__. When he saw a photograph booth（照相亭）, he had a(n) __43__. He wore the most unhappy expression he could manage, which was not __44__in the situation. In a few moments, he was holding four small prints that __45__ even him.

He wrote his wife’s name on the back of the photos and handed them to a __46__behind the desk in the booth. “__47__you see a small, dark lady with brown eyes and an apologetic expression, obviously __48__ someone, would you please give her this?” he said. He then __49__ to his office in Morrison Building, __50__ that if a picture is worth a thousand words, then the four photos must be a good __51__! He sat down with a smile.

His wife __52__those pictures. She carries them in her purse now and shows them to anyone who asks if she is married …

How are you with__53__? One person calls it “wait training.” It seems that there is always something we are __54__. We wait on traffic and we wait in lines. We wait to hear about a new job. We wait to complete school. We wait for someone to change his or her mind.

Patience is an important __55__of a happy and rewarding life. __56__, some things are worth waiting for. __57__presents many opportunities for wait training.

We can hate waiting, __58__ it or even get good at it! But one thing is __59__ —we cannot avoid it. How is your __60__coming along?

China overtook the US during 2009 to become the leading investor（投资者）in renewable energy technologies，according to a new analysis.

    Researchers calculate that China invested＄34. 6bn in clean energy over the year, almost

double the US figure. The UK comes in third place among G20 nations, followed by Spain and

Brazil.

    Globally，investment has more than doubled in the last five years. Phyllis Cuttino said，"They know that investing in clean energy can recover manufacturing（制造）bases, and create export opportunities, jobs and businesses. "

     The US still holds a lead in the total amount of installed capacity（装机容量），but will be overtaken by China during the course of this year if existing trends continue. "China has taken a strategic decision that making its energy supply diverse should be a national priority,” said Steve Sawyer. "It is now the world's leading manufacturer of solar photovoltaic cells（光伏电池）.

    However, China's use of coal and oil is also expanding fast. So far, clean energy accounts for a small share of its energy supply, although the overall target is a 15％share of total energy by 2020.

    Wind was the main part in most of the high-investing countries，the exceptions being Spain, Germany and Italy where solar technologies took a majority share.

    US investment fell by 40℅ during from 2008 to 2009. "The US's competitive position is at risk in the coming clean energy economy,”said Ms Cuttino.

      Spain's investment also dropped due to the recession, following several years of rapid increases driven by the desire to cut greenhouse gas emissions（排放）very quickly in order to reach its Kyoto Protocol《京都议定书》）target.

67. From the passage we know the investment in clean energy in the US reaches about ________in 2009.

        A. ＄70bn         B. ＄18bn      C.＄34. 5bn         D.＄40bn

68. Which of the countries has the largest amount of installed capacity?

        A. China.       B. Brazil.        C. The UK.       D. The US.

69. In China the electricity power mainly depends on____________.

        A. fossil（化石）fuel     B. wind energy      C. solar energy     D. nuclear energy

70. What made Spain increased to invest more in solar technologies?

        A. The global economic recession.

        B. Paying more attention to the clean energy.

        C. The target of reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

        D. The pressure of competition from other countries.

Riding a London subway, a person from China will notice one major difference: in London, people do not look at each other. In fact, eye contact is avoided at all times. That's not rudeness—people are just too busy to bother looking.

Busy doing what, you ask? Well, they're certainly not using the time for a moment of quiet reflection, nor are they reading a book. New technology has replaced quiet habits. Today the only acceptable form of book on the London underground is an e-book.

Apple must earn a fortune from London commuters. Since the launch of the iPhone in 2007, over 40,000—yes, that's 40,000—“apps”（programs downloaded for the iPhone）have been designed. Commuters love them because they are the perfect time-killers. One “app”, called iShoot, is a game that features tanks in the war. Another one, Tube Exits, tells passengers where to sit on the train to be closest to the exit of their destination. ISteam clouds the iPhone screen when you breathe into the microphone. You can then write in the “ steam” on your phone screen.

For those without an iPhone, another Apple product, the iPod, may be another choice. It’s not just teenagers who “plug in” to their music—iPods are a popular way to pass the time for all ages.

And if games, e-books and music aren't enough to keep you occupied, then perhaps you would prefer a film. The development of palm DVD technology means many commuters watch their favorite TV show or film on the way to work. With all this entertainments, it's amazing that people still remember to get off the train.

(1) Why don't people in London make eye contact on the subway?  

(2) Those who like war games can download _____ to their iPhones.

(3) Which has the closest meaning to the underlined word “commuters” in the third paragraph.

(4) What can we learn from the text?

  ________ on the blackboard ___________ the names of those who were late yesterday.

   A. Written, were   B. Written, there was     C. Writing, there was    D. Writing, were

  The holiday season isn’t about shopping and gifts.   36   However, holiday travel can be more expensive than gifts. Fortunately, the following tips will help keep your travel spending under control.       

Plan ahead. The earlier you book your travel, from airfare to hotels, the easier it is to find good deals.  37   Your best prices on airfare come when you book three weeks before the plane leaves for domestic(国内的) flights. For international flights, consider booking 30 days in advance. Many experts point out that you should book travel between one month and three months out for high-traffic holidays.

    Book your air travel on cheaper days. Traveling by air on Tuesdays and Wednesdays often costs less than on Fridays and Sundays. During the holidays, it’s not just about a specific day of the week. You also need to consider the days surrounding the holiday but days immediately before and after a holiday can be expensive. One of the best ways to save is to plan your air travel on the day of the holiday.  38 

Consider traveling overnight. Red-eye flights and overnight flights often cost less than those at more convenient times.  39  Traveling overnight can help you avoid a night in the hotel, as well as save your money on travel to your destination.

       40   You can’t bring liquids with you on the airline, but you can bring sandwiches and other snacks. When you’re on the road, you can buy food at local groceries to make your own meals, especially if you have access to（可使用） a microwave.

A. Bring your own food.

B. Consider affordable accommodations.

C. Traveling by plane is not the best choice.

D. Plus, booking earlier can save your money.

E. For instance, traveling on Christmas Day might be a great deal.

F. A great deal of travel also takes place during this time of year.

G. Other choices include sleeper trains as well as overnight ferries.

假如你是李华，你的美国朋友John 刚刚结束在中国的交流学习回到了美国。在交流学习

期间你发现他有一些不太好的生活习惯。现在请你写一封信给他提出如下建议：

1. 应合理作息；

2. 尽量少吃垃圾食品；

3. 多参加户外活动；

4. 不要长时间上网，以免影响视力。

注意：1. 词数100 左右；

2. 可适当增加细节，使行文连贯；

3. 开头结尾已为你写好。

Dear John,

How have you been lately?__________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua__

   假如你叫李平，你的美国笔友Tom来信询问你十一假期过的怎样。请根据表格中信息给他回信,说明你在十一假期中的活动和理由。

注意：词数100左右。

 It is reported that many a new house _______ at present in the disaster-stricken area.

  A. are being built    B. were being built            C. was being built             D. is being built