Research findings show we spend about two hours dreaming every night, no matter what we________ during the day.

阅读理解

    Norman Garmezy, a development psychologist at the University of Minnesota, met thousands of children in his four decades of research. A nine-year-old boy in particular stuck with him. He has an alcoholic mother and an absent father. But each day he would walk in to school with a smile on his face. He wanted to make sure that "no one would feel pity for him and no one would know his mother's incompetence.” The boy exhibited a quality Garmezy identified as “resilience”.

    Resilience presents a challenge for psychologists. People who are lucky enough to never experience any sort of adversity (逆境) won't know how resilient they are. It's only when they're faced with obstacles, stress, and other environmental threats that resilience, or the lack of it, comes out. Some give in and some conquer.

    Garmezy's work opened the door to the study of the elements that could enable an individual's success despite the challenges they faced. His research indicated that some elements had to do with luck, but quite large set of elements was psychological, and had to do with how the children responded to the environment. The resilient children had what psychologists call an “internal lens of control(内控点)”. They believed that they, and not their circumstances, affected their achievements. The resilient children saw themselves as the arrangers of their own fates.

    Ceorge Bonanno has been studying resilience for years at Columbia University's Teachers College. He found that some people are far better than others at dealing with adversity. This difference might come from perception(认知) whether they think of an event as traumatic(创伤), or as an opportunity to learn and grow. “Stressful” or “traumatic” events themselves don't have much predictive power when it comes to life outcomes. "Exposure to potentially traumatic events does not predict later functioning,” Bonanno said. "It's only predictive if there's a negative response.” In other words, living through adversity doesn't guarantee that you'll suffer going forward.

The good news is that positive perception can be taught. "We can make ourselves more or less easily hurt by how we think about things," Bonanno said. In research at Columbia, the neuroscientist Kevin Ochsner has shown that teaching people to think of adversity in different ways--to reframe it in positive terms when the initial response is negative, or in a less emotional way when the initial response is emotionally “hot”—changes how they experience and react to the adversity.

Mr Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to (set) up some schools for poor children.

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

    One of China's largest hanfu-themed (event), the annual Hanfu Cultural Festival in Xitangancient town, East China's Zhejiang Province. (hold) from October 28 to 31 last year. According to statistics from the organizer, 157,326 visitors attended festival, many of were hanfu-wearing enthusiasts, called “tongpao”.

    (original) from the collection of ancient Chinese Poetry Book of Songs, the word tongpao is-now used to describe whoever appreciates (tradition) Han Chinese clothing. (forbid) during China's last feudal (封建的) dynasty，the Qing Dynasty, hanfu clothing has been little known the public for many decades.

    Nowadays, hanfu is making a comeback. Tongpao has risen in number over the past 15 years a worker in Central China's Henan Province named Wang Letian made a hanfu-style suit and wore in public in 2003.

— The film is really touching, isn't it?

—       I saw most of the audience crying at the end.

Old people really enjoy the speed _____ their messages get sent and answered after learning how to use WeChat.

假定英语课上老师要求同学们交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写上该加的词。

删除: 把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改: 在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。

注意: 1）每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2）只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。

    My name is Li Lei. My parent love me very much. And it doesn't mean I can do everything I want at the home.

    First, I should finish your homework before Saturday evening to make sure I have enough time to make a review. It's necessarily. Second, I have to do wash by myself. This means I won't have enough time to play. I don't really understand what they ask me to do so.Third, I must sleep before 11 in the evening and get up at 6 the morning. I hoped I could sleep till 10 am someday.

    My friends seldom have enough time to relax,too. So I think I should listen to my parents. No cross, no crown.

(就我个人观点), I think the team that won first place cheated.

Brian and his group members (have) the opportunity to go to London next month if they win the game.

阅读理解

    When Jenny Benson was eight, her mother took her to soccer practice for the first time.

    "She's never played soccer before," Mrs. Benson told the coach." I'm not sure how she'll do."

    Jenny ran onto the field and joined the other players. Over the next hour, Mrs. Benson and the coach watched as Jenny out­ran many of the more experienced players.

    "I knew then that soccer would be Jenny's sport." Mrs. Benson recalls. And she was right.

    It may have helped that Jenny had spent much of her time trying to keep up with her three brothers." I wanted to be just like them," Jenny says." My family has inspired me for my entire life."

    Jenny has retired from the United States women's national soccer team. She started out on her professional career in the Philadelphia Charge, a team in the Women's United Soccer Association (WUSA)．Later on, she joined FC Energy Voronezh, and then New Jersey Wildcats.

    When the WUSA was being formed, league officials watched many college soccer games, looking for players good enough to join the league. They were very interested in Jenny, who played for the University of Nebraska.

    "Throughout that college season, I knew I was being watched," Jenny says, "I knew I couldn't be perfect, so I just tried to be very consistent and have fun."

    As a professional, Jenny relied on her focused but fun­loving attitude. "In a game, I try never to put too much pressure on myself. The more I concentrate on having fun, the better I play." She says. "I have good and bad days, just like everyone else, but I know the sun will always come up after a bad day. So all I have to do is to adjust myself, either to the change of my inner feelings or to the change of circumstances. That helps me get through anything."

What is the man doing?

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

    Many people struggle with saying "No".  Remember, just because you can do something does not mean it is required. Understand you always have a right to turn down an invitation or refuse a favor and figure out the best ways to say "No". Here are some specific tips.

    Give yourself permission to say no. Many people have an immediate reaction to say "Yes" when they're asked to do someone a favor. Keep in mind，you are never required to say "Yes". It's actually okay to say "No" sometimes. Accept this as you prepare to say "No" to someone.

    Set up your personal boundaries. However, that reason does not have to be concrete. Many people think if they can do something, they should. Your reason for saying "No" can be a simple matter of your own personal boundaries. Think about what boundaries you have, and accept the fact you're allowed to stay true to them.

     People often won't take "No" for an answer. If you say "No" to someone，they may give you various reasons to try and change your mind. Stay determined for your decision and do not give in easily.

    Practice saying" No". It may sound silly, but you can actually practice saying" No" alone.  Practice giving a firm "No" to someone so you get comfortable with the words. Many people are nervous about saying" No" and may say "Yes" due to anxiety. Practicing can help get rid of some of this anxiety.

A. This will help you say "No" with ease.

B. Be aware of potential persuasion techniques.

C. Find a good chance to stand in front of a crowd.

D. It's always easier to say "No" if you have a reason.

E. Try standing before a mirror and looking at yourself.

F. It's rather easy for you to set up your personal boundaries.

G. If someone asks you a favor，you may feel you have to say "Yes".

Now that energy prices are rising so rapidly, further prices are very uncertain, and the risk     a new investment depending on them may fail is greater.

I can;t stand people with no sense of . (humorous)

What does the man usually do on Sunday afternoons?

What's the possible relationship between the speakers?