as a result break up in danger of according to attach...to... stand for above all watch over die out in relief burst into laughter sort out |
Many people travel during the holiday season but do not make sure that their houses and homes (protect). Crimes go up (rapid) during the winter and summer holiday seasons. Here are some things that you should keep in mind when you go on holiday.
Always give (strange) the feeling that you are at home. Have the snow (clean) off your stairs or out of your driveway during the winter season. You might ask someone to park his/her car in (you) driveway.
Tell your newspaper deliverer that you are not at home. (have) a pile of newspapers and other mail on your doorsteps tells people that you are not at home, so you could also have a neighbor a relative get your mail every day.
Fix a timer(定时器) in some of your rooms turns lights on and during different time of the day. Some TVs also come with a timer that you could set to be turned on during certain time. Have motion(运动) sensitive lights outside your house that keep thieves away you are not at home.
be known as; make up; as well, link (...) to; break away from; look around; to one's credit; under construction |
struggle confuse reduce observe disturb be intended for argue with refer to equip…with build up focus on be satisfied with |
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link to make a difference break down expose oneself to consist of be lacking in apart from take up put forward leave out |
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A. apply B. supposed C. accurate D. consume E. existing F. maintain G. options H. nature I. sensitive J. address K. willingness |
A recent troubling study showed that "fake news" spread significantly faster, deeper and more broadly than the truth, and the effect is even more remarkable when regarding news as opposed to reporting on natural disasters, finance or science. So how can we encourage individuals to seek online content? Leading scholars are trying hard to deal with this question.
Processing new information requires a considerable mental effort, especially when that information seems to conflict with your worldview. It takes the to admit you may be wrong. But with a great amount of conflicting information available, who's to say what's actually true and what's false? If you can't tell, why not just make life easy and go with what supports your current beliefs?
So what do we have? Many suggest that we can the issue by reforming adult behavior, but this is aiming too far from source. An alternative solution is using early education to help individuals recognize these problems and critical thinking to the information they deal with. Currently, there is a push in the US to include Internet information classes into primary and secondary school curriculums. The movement, which has received some support, aims to make fact-checking seem like second to individuals at an early age.
Primary and secondary school are to be supplying students with the skills they need to develop into productive and informed members of our society. As our society develops, the curriculum we are teaching our students needs to develop as well.
The Internet is an amazing tool, but to use it most effectively we have to accept its benefits while also understanding the ways in which it makes us dangerously . If students are still learning the practices such as writing in school, shouldn't they be learning how to the Internet responsibly as well?
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protect…against… prevent…from… get burnt take off choke carry out be proud of iron present sb. with sth. heal |
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A.defeated B.to blame C.annually D.determined E.participants F.more influential |
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A. essentially B. round C. stuck D. spirits E. encouraging F. desperately G. strengths H. frustrating I. spilling J. collective K. sealed |
Italians find "Moments of Joy in this Moment of Anxiety"
It started with the national anthem. Then came the piano chords, trumpet blasts, violin serenades (小夜曲) and even the clanging of pots and pans--all of it from people's homes, out of windows and from balconies, and resounding across rooftops.
Finally, on Saturday afternoon, a nationwide of applause broke out for the doctors on the medical front lines fighting the spread of Europe's worst coronavirus outbreak.
Italians remain under house arrest as the nation, the European front in the global fight against the coronavirus, has ordered extraordinary restrictions on their movement to prevent infection.
But the music and noise erupting over the streets, from people in their homes, reflects the spirit, resilience and humor of a nation facing its worst national emergency since the Second World War.
To the extent that this is a virus that tries people's souls, it has also demonstrated the of those national characters.
In China, patriotic truck drivers risked infection to bring needed food to the people of Wuhan, the epicenter of the outbreak. In Iran, videos show doctors in full combat dress and masks dancing to keep up. And in Italy, the gestures of gratitude and music ring out above the country's empty streets, while social media feeds fill with , sentimental and humorous web videos.
Images of nurses collapsed from exhaustion or their faces bruised(使受瘀伤) from tightly masks have also spread across the web in recent days. Parents posted pictures of unicorns and rainbows drawn by young children with the title "It will all be OK."
"We're Italians, and loving singing is part of our culture," said Giorgio Albertini, 51, an archaeology professor who clapped from his apartment balcony in the university district of Milan, calling it a way "to feel a community, and to have the grief."
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except for except besides except that |
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A. advanced B. automatically C. bay D. boost E. contained F. exposed G. interacted H. randomly I. reaction J. sprayed K. spread |
Change Behavior to Prevent Infection
During flu season, frequent hand-washing is a must, as is avoiding co-workers or friends who are sick. But we humans are not the only animals that change behavior to keep diseases at , and so do ants.
Nathalie of the University of Lausanne and her colleagues observed ants to see their to the presence of a pathogen (病原体). "With the nurses staying inside and taking care of the young, the worker ants are all outside of the nest to collect food and defend the territory." Worker ants are at greater risk of getting to diseases because they leave the safety of the nest. So the researchers a common fungus (真 菌) on a small group of worker ants and then followed their movements to see the way other ants reacted. "We marked all ants in the colony with individual labels, which isdetected and recorded using a tracking system."
After the infection, the nurse and worker ants stayed within their small group and less outside of their work group. The researchers also saw that worker ants spent more time outside of the nest. "They increase that amount by 15 percent so by quite a long large amount." The researchers measured the amount of fungus on each ant and saw that it was almost completely to the worker group. Some nurse ants and the Queen only had trace amounts of fungus' spores (孢 子) on them. The study indicated that the group behavior effectively stopped the of the fungus. Something that's quite interesting in these ants is that the very small amount of the spores cantheir natural defenses and protect them against later exposure to the same pathogen. It seems that in their ability to avoid infecting other members of the community, ants may be more than we are.
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A. term B. bittersweet C. guilty D. name AB. Uncover AC. longing AD. attached BC. highlighting BD. Pure CD. Determined ABC. analyzing |
The Unique Joy of Learning New Words
With all that's happening in the news, life can feel like an exercise in determining the particular kind of bad we are experiencing the. Are we anxious or depressed? Lonely, or stressed?
Tim Lomas, a senior lecturer in positive psychology at the University of East London, is engaged in the opposite endeavor, all the types of well-being that he can find. Specifically, Lomas is seeking to psychological insight by collecting untranslatable words that describe pleasurable feelings we don't have a for in English. "It's almost like each one is a window onto a new landscape," Lomas says. So far, with the help of many contributors, he has amassed nearly 1000 in what he calls a "positive lexicography"— including the Dutch pretoogies, which refers to the twinkling eyes of someone engaged in benign mischief; The Arabic tarab, a word for musically induced ecstasy; And the Creole tabanca, which describes the feeling of being left by someone you love.
People are fascinated with untranslatable words in part because they are useful: How else could we talk to each other about the pleasure of schadenfreude? But Lomas also see them as a means of showing us "new possibilities for ways of living," describing them as invitations for people to experience happy phenomena that may previously have had been "hidden from them" or to revel in feelings they couldn't previously . Consider the Japanese ohanami, a word for gathering with others to appreciate lowers.
Linguists have long argued about how much the language we speak — partly by factors like geography and climate — limits the thoughts we are capable of having or the actions we can take. The words in which different societies live are distinct worlds, not merely the same world with different labels ," wrote the theorist Edward Sapir.
Perusing (研读) the words in Lomas' collection, at the least, is a means of meditating on ways that we can feel good. When asked for one of his favorites, the psychologist lists the German Fernweh, which describes a to travel to distant lands, a kind of homesickness for the unexplored. Also delightful is the Danish morgenfrisk, describing the satisfaction one gets from a good night's sleep, and the Latin otium, the joy of being in control of one's own time.
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A. scale B. unique C. cost D. distance E. demonstrate F. intrude G. diagnoses H. alarming I. threaten J. false K. crucial |
The human face is a remarkable piece of work. The astonishing variety of facial features helps people recognize each other and is to the formation of complex societies. So is the face's ability to send emotional signals, whether through an involuntary yawn or a(n) smile. People spend much of their waking lives reading faces. Technology is rapidly catching up. In America facial recognition is used by churches to track worshippers' attendance. In 2017, Welsh police used it to arrest a suspect outside a football game.
Although faces are to individuals, they are also public, so technology does not, at first sight, on something that is private. And yet the ability to record, store and analyze images of faces cheaply, quickly and on a vast promises one day to bring about fundamental changes to notions of privacy, fairness and trust.
Start with privacy. One big difference between faces and other biological data, such as fingerprints, is that they work at a(n) . Anyone with a phone can take a picture for facial-recognition programs to use. Photographs of half of America's adult population are stored in databases that can be used by the FBI to track criminals, but at enormous potential to citizens' privacy.
The face is not just a name-tag. It displays a lot of other information — and machines can read that, too. Again, that promises benefits. Some firms are analyzing faces to provide automated of rare genetic disorders far earlier than would otherwise be possible. But the technology also threatens. Researchers at Stanford University that, when shown pictures of one gay man, and one straight man, the system could identify their sexuality correctly 81% of the time. Humans managed only 61%. In countries where homosexuality is a crime, software which promises to infer sexuality from a face is a(n) prospect.
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A. controversial B. confidential C. complicated D. enormous E. consistent |
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A. reassured B. specialize C. dwindle D. immortality AB. Assured AC. wreck AD. confined BC. split BD. Exceed CD. opposed |
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break-down, look into, approve of, be employed in, in favour of, by comparison |
regardless of; quantities of; make up; cut down on; end up; in addition to; on the right track
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get over reach for clear up on the point of pull on hold up as of be well thought of |
| be regarded as, be known for, be born into, be fond of, by accident |
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A. life-long B. luxury C. justice D. transformed E. renamed F. typically G. forming H. profession I. persistence J. seemingly K. emerging |
Almost every kid has, at one time or another, eaten a Hershey chocolate bar. But do you know the founder of the chocolate empire, Milton Hershey, had tasted lots of failure before he ever enjoyed the flavor of success?
Milton S. Hershey's story began in southeastern Pennsylvania and you can't do it without noting the impact business failure had on it. At first, Milton had a front-row seat to his father Henry's endless entrepreneurial misfires (创业失败).
Henry Hershey's never paid off for himself, but it did for his son. In 1872 at age 14, Milton took a job in Pennsylvania. But shortly afterward, he moved from the ice cream section into the candy side of the business, and then became a candy maker.
In Philadelphia Milton started his first company, Spring Garden Confectionary Works. He came up with a soft, chewy caramel(焦糖) that proved to be a big hit. But Milton increasingly found it hard to deal with competition. In the year he turned 24, his company went belly-up (破产), and his businesses in Denver and New York all ended up in bankruptcy (破产). If failure is the best teacher, young Milton Hershey could argue that he had earned a doctorate (博士学位).
Some people in the same situation might have given up, changed their, or simply found a job working for somebody else. Not Milton Hershey. He was determined to be the success his father wasn't, and in the one business he loved more than any other. He went back to Lancaster and prepared to give it one more try by a new enterprise — the Lancaster Caramel Company. This time, Milton got it right. He became a respected businessman.
Though Milton bought the entire exhibit at the Columbian Exposition (哥伦比亚博览会) held in Chicago in 1893 that cocoa beans into candy bars and made his money, he decided that the future was in chocolate. The little town of Derry Church, where he opened his first chocolate factory in 1894, was and has been known as Hershey ever since.
Milton died at the age of 86, beloved by chocolate lovers around the world. He was to chocolate what Henry Ford was to automobiles and Steve Jobs was to computers. He revolutionized(彻底改变) a for the few into a treat for the masses.
