社会现象类 知识点题库

The Internet has become part of teenage life. There's a report on 3,375 students aged from 10 to 18 in seven Chinese cities. It says that 38% of them believe they use the Internet often. While most of them get useful information and use the Internet to help in their studies, some are not using it in a good way. Many are playing online games too much. A few even visit Web sites they should not look at. Bad things can happen if young people spend too much time on the Internet.
In order to help young people use the Internet in a good way, a textbook on good Internet behavior has started to be used in some Shanghai middle schools this term. It uses real examples to teach students all about good ways of using the Internet. Some students also make online friends. But if you are meeting a friend offline, let your parents know.
Teachers and parents all think the book is a very good idea. It will teach students how to be a good person in the online world. It will be a guide for teens using the Internet and keep students away from bad sites.

Both the young and the old may feel lonely. A three-year-old child will feel lonely when it is left alone, and an old man over eighty years old is often afraid to live alone, too.
Some people feel lonely because they may not have enough time to make friends. Not only the quiet, shy people may feel lonely. Some people are active and outgoing, but they are sometimes afraid to talk and make friends with others. They always try to hold other people away from them. They may seem to have lots of friends, but inside they are hurting.
Are you lonely? If your answer is "yes", you may need to work hard enough! Here are some tips to think about:
To be wanted and needed is a big answer to loneliness. Is there any way you can help other people? Try to do something helpful for others even if you are very busy. By helping other people, we find friends and lose loneliness.
Do you have an interest or hobby? Find a group of people with this interest and join them.
Live in the real world! The world on the Internet is not a real world and it is very different from the real life. The students asleep in class are mostly those who often surf the net through the night. As a result, they’ll get lost in the real world.
Don't wait for someone to phone, or write, or email you, you call them. And if they seem too busy, it doesn't mean you are not welcome. Try another time!
When you've done anything wrong to other people, don't be too proud to say sorry. You must do that even if you find it hard to open your mouth.

       Each nation has many good people who help to take care of others．For example，some high school and college students in the U.S.A. often spend many hours as volunteers in the hospitals，orphanages（孤儿院）or rest homes．They read books to the people in these places，or they just visit them and play games with them or listen to their problems．
       Other young volunteers go and work in the homes of people who are sick or old．They paint，clean up or repair their houses，do their shopping or mow（割；修剪）their lawns．For boys who no longer have fathers，there is an organization called Big Brothers．College students and other men take these boys to baseball games or fishing trip and help them get to know things that boys usually learn from their fathers．
       Each city has a number of clubs where boys and girls can go to play games．Some of these clubs show films or organize short trips to the mountains or some places of interest．Most of these clubs use a lot of high school and college students as volunteers because they are young enough to know the problems and needs of young boys and girls．
Volunteers believe that some of the happiest people in the world are those who help to bring happiness to others．
根据短文内容，判断正（T）误（F）。

阅读下面三部分内容，从各小题所给的四个选项中选出能回答问题所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。

    I used to live in a small town with trees all around. It is about thirty years since I left my hometown. But I still remember what it was exactly like. And I often “see” it in many of my dreams. My hometown is a beautiful place. It stands beside a wide river and is rich in fish and rice.

    But in the old days it was a poor and backward little town. Many people had no work. They lived a hard life. There was no tall building and the only street was narrow. But trees and flowers made the town beautiful. Just outside the town, there was a river. You could see different kinds of fish swimming in the clear water. People here lived a simple life.

Since a new policy(政策) was taken by the government, great changes have taken place there. The streets have been widened. Factories, schools, hospitals, cinemas and theatres have been built one after another. People's life is greatly improved. You can see tall buildings, big department stores and factories everywhere. Different kinds of cars and buses are running in the wide streets.

    But with the development of the industry(工业), we have fewer trees. Air and water pollution is becoming more and more serious. And there are also other problems. We should try our best to make it richer. At the same time, we must do something to stop pollution and make our town even more beautiful.

阅读理解

There are several ways you can find out about the countries and places you wish to visit. You can talk to friends who have traveled to the places, you can go and see a colour film about them, or you can read travel books.

   It seems that there are three kinds of travel books. The first are those that give a personal,  subjective(主观的) idea of travels which the writer has got himself. These books can be useful if the writers share their traveling experiences with others. The second kind are those books which give objective( 客观的) information of things to be done and seen. If a cultured person has written such a book about the facts of a place, then it is more useful. The third kind are those books which are called "a guide" to some place or other. If they are good, they will describe and explain the place in detail. Like the first kind, they can be interesting and exciting, but their main purpose is to help the reader plan his travel in the most practical way.

Whatever kind of travel book you choose, you must make sure that the book does not describe everything as interesting, exciting or fantastic. You must also keep an open eye on its date of publication(出版）because travel is a very practical matter and many things change quickly in the 21st century. Finally, you should make sure that it's easy to find the useful information for your travel.

仔细阅读下列材料，根据阅读内容选择正确答案

It's not WASTE until it is WASTED!      With the World Environment Day coming, our school is now requiring every student to form a habit of sorting the waste. Here in our schoolyard we lay four different colors of rubbish bins for different kinds of rubbish. The red is for harmful waste; the blue is for waste that can be recycled(循环再用); the green is for kitchen waste; the yellow is for other waste.      The followings are some instructions for you. Glass: Empty bottles without caps can be recycled to make new glass bottles. Warning: Mirrors and light bulbs must not be included in the glass waste. Paper: Newspapers, magazines, boxes must be clean enough to be recycled. Warning: Paper tissues and wallpaper are not recyclable as paper and should be kept separately.（分别地） PMD waste: Packaging made of Plastic or Metal and Drink boxes are used to make new packaging. Warning: Plastic pots (e.g. yoghurt pots), plastic bags must not be included with the PMD waste. Harmful waste: out-of-date drugs, used batteries(电池), paint and oil …     Besides, if you don't need your old bikes at all, our school volunteers will collect them. We're going to fix them up and then give them away to kids who don't have enough money for a bike.     To find out more about recycling, you can visit our school website.

通读全文，根据短文理解，选择最佳答案填空。   
    One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about 1  late for school. There were many people waiting in line at the bus stop, but most of them just stared (盯着) at their mobile phones, listening to music or going through the WeChat2 . No one talked or laughed.
    3 the bus finally came, we all hurried on board. I got a place next to the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk. A boy  4  a bike caught my attention. He  5  beside the bus while waving his arm. I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the  6 , but he  7  to stop until we reached the next stop. The bus drove fast, and the boy tried his best 8   up with it. It   9   that he was a little tired, but he still kept riding. And he was carrying   10    over his shoulder and shouting.
    Finally, when we came to the next stop, to our surprise, the boy ran up to the  11    of the bus. I heard an exciting conversation. Then the driver stood up and asked, "  12    anyone lose a suitcase at the bus stop?" A woman on the bus shouted, "Oh, dear! It's mine." She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase   13  . Everyone on the bus began talking about   14   the boy did, and the crowds of strangers suddenly became  15  to one another.
    Sometimes even something small can change the relationship among people a lot! What an unforgettable experience.

阅读理解。

    You may have heard of the famous saying, “East or west, home is the best.”

    What does the word “home” mean to you? How do you say the word in French? In Chinese? In your language? Although people usually know what the word means, it sometimes has no exact translation. It's not surprising, because the idea of home is “ different from country to country and from person to person”. A home is more than a roof and four walls. It's the cooking ,eating, talking, playing and sleeping that go on inside. And at home you usually feel safe and relaxed.

    Homes look different in different countries. They also have different things inside. For example, in cold northern Europe, there's a fire in the living room or kitchen and all the chairs face it, In the south, where the sun shines a lot and it's more important to keep the heat out, there are small windows and cool stone floors.

    We asked some people about their homes.

    How often do people move house in your country?

    “ In my country many people don't stay in one place for a very long time. They often move every ten years or so.”

—Cheryl, Boston, USA

    What are the features of homes in your country?

    “ In Britain, even in town, there's always a garden. We have separate bedrooms and living rooms. But we don't often have balconies. The weather isn't warm enough!”

—Pat, Exeter, England

阅读下列短文，从下面每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项

    Thang-ga (唐卡) is a special kind of painting. It was found only in Tibet, China. It started from the Tang dynasty. Its content touches every aspect (方面) of Tibetan history, politics, culture, social life and so on. Thang-ga paintings show Tibetan culture and people's lives. In recent years, Thang-ga paintings have caught the public's attention. At the same time, the Chinese government has also tried hard to protect the art.

    Most of the Thang-ga paintings handed down from ancient times were created by Tibetan Buddhism (佛教). They are bung in the hall for worship (崇拜). The colour of Thang-ga paintings looks wonderful and special. Because of the special environment of Tibet and the excellent skills of artists, the paints used in Thang-ga are different from other paints. Thang-ga painters traditionally divide paints into nine categories: soil, stone, water, fire, wood, grass, flower, bone and gemstone (宝石). These natural paints can also be categorized into seven colours as white, yellow, red, blue, green, black and purple.

    In the past, Thang-ga was made from minerals like gold and silver, as well as some plants. The paints were made by hand. It usually took a long period to finish a Thang-ga painting, from half a year to more than a decade, that is, 10 years. Though the work was hard and needed patience, the beautiful colours could last for hundreds of years.

    However, with the development of technology, people now use cheaper and more easily-made chemicals to make Thang-ga paints. The traditional paints used in Thang-ga paintings took a lot of work and they were made in many secret ways. Later people stopped making the paints and forgot about them. So the skills needed to make them were almost lost. The traditional Thang-ga paintings are difficult to find now.

阅读理解

    Need to buy something? Why go to a store? Buy it on the Internet! Need it now? Why wait? Ask to receive it the next day! Each day, more and more people try on-line shopping. In fact, online sales have doubled in the last ten years. But not everyone is excited. Some scientists now say that online shopping is bad for the environment.

    People are surprised to hear this." They think, I don't need to drive, and the business doesn't need to build a store, so there will be less pollution," says Nuria Prost, an environmental scientist. "But it is not so simple. In fact, online shopping is wasteful. It also adds to air pollution."

    In truth, the Internet is not always as good a friend to the environment as it seems. For example, most people thought that the Internet would help offices use less paper and other materials. But paper use increased by33percent between 1986 and 1997."Online shopping could have similarly harmful results," says Nevil Cohen, a researcher of environmental science. Part of the problem is what people are buying these days. In the past, people bought things on the Internet that did not require much packing material, such as books and clothing. But now people also shop online for large, heavy pro ducts such as televisions, computers, chairs and tables. These products need to be packed in lots of plastic and paper. This creates a lot of waste.

    Another problem caused by online shopping is air pollution. When customers buy products and ask to receive them the next day, online businesses often have to send them by air. Airplanes use much more oil than cars and produce more carbon dioxide（二氧化碳）. When people buy a lot of different things from different online businesses, this creates even more travel by airplane.
    Online product returns are also a problem. For example, an online shoe store may allow customers to return shoes for free if they are wrong size. This doubles the packing materials and number of airline trips required to sell one pair of shoes.

    "If people want to protect the environment, they need to think before they shop," says Prost. "People need to ask themselves: Is this exactly what I want? Do I really need it tomorrow, or can I wait?" Online stores can also ask customers to pay money for returns. This may make people shop more carefully." Online shopping is fast and easy, "says Prost," but we can't forget the harmful result it has caused to the environment."

阅读理解

    In Singapore, many middle school students spend a lot of their time on their studies. Good education is often regarded as a ticket to success in their future. So, many of these students try their best to get a good mark in their examinations. They have a lot of homework every day and exams are a big headache. Sometimes, some of them are even made to go to remedial (补习的) classes after school.

    Schools run programmes outside school hours. The students can take part in sports and games, music and dance, hiking and rock-climbing, etc. They are also very active in community service(社区服务).

    In their spare time, most students like to listen to pop music. Hollywood blockbusters(大片), Hong Kong and Singapore movies are very popular among them. They understand IT very well. Some of them also spend their free time surfing the Internet, e-mailing their friends, playing computer and video games.

    They sometimes go to cafes, fast-food restaurants, shopping centers and big bookstores.

    So, it looks like life as a middle school student in Singapore is not easy but it is rich and colorful.

阅读理解

    In October 2018, parents were shocked to find that an international school in Shanghai had food safety problems. They found food problems in the school's kitchen. They were so angry that they reported it to law enforcement(执法机关) immediately. After fully examined, moldy tomatoes and onions were found and headmaster was fired.

    Parents across China have become increasingly worried about food safety in schools, according to The Beijing News.

    Teenagers need to eat nutritious (营养的) food when they're growing up to be healthy adults. Therefore, it is necessary for school dining halls to provide healthy food. With this in mind, the government has introduced a new food safety regulation(规定) that will improve nutrition and health standard in schools.

    The regulation was carried out on April 1. It requires the headmasters to eat with students in dining halls. Schools will also be required to make information about food sources and suppliers public.

    The regulation also suggests that parents should eat with students at school in order to provide advice on food safety and nutrition. Schools must find out food safety problems and solve them right away.

    If a school is caught buying low-quality food or failing to report food safety incidents(事件), the headmasters will be warned, fired or handed over to law enforcement, the regulation says.

阅读理解

    What do you usually do in your free time? Do you like using your mobile phones? Recently, a study found that most college students were very interested in playing with their mobile phones. The study was carried out from March 12th to March 26th and 590 boys and 630girls took part in it. Here are the results.

    According to the results, 82 percent said they used their mobile phones too much. The usual time college students spend on mobile phones is 5.2 hours a day. 13 percent of them use mobile phones for over 9 hours every day and 14 percent use mobile phones for 7 to 9 hours. 53 percent of the college students use mobile phones between 6 pm and 9 pm. 71 percent of the college students use mobile phones from 9 pm to midnight, and the percentage of the students who use mobile phones just before they sleep is even higher.

    There is a difference in using mobile phones between boys and girls. 66 percent of boy students use mobile phones for entertainment like playing online games, and it is 14 percentage points higher than girl students. But 40 percent of girl students do online shopping, and it is 16 percentage points higher than boys.

    At the same time, 24 percent of the students said mobile phones were good for their study, such as helping them find information and helping them learn more new things. For instance, some teachers like using mobile phones in class to share learning materials. How do you like this study? Is it a good way for students to use their mobile phones too much? Absolutely not.

阅读理解 

    What problems do the teenagers probably have? Here is a survey showing their main problems.

Problems	Causes	Advice
Feeling stressed	Too much homework. Don't have enough time for their hobbies.	Make a plan for study and hobbies. Find time to relax as possible as you can.
Getting short-sighted	Too much homework. Bad reading and writing habits.	Do homework or reading in a correct way.
Fights	Don't know how to get on well with classmates.	Make more friends and understand each other. Share your problems with them.
Feeling tired of study	Computer games' bad influence.	Don't be crazy about computer games. Play them just for a short time when you are tired.
Getting fat	Having more pocket money to buy snacks. Dislike doing exercise.	Use your pocket money to do something meaningful. Spend some time doing exercise every day.

阅读理解

    Most of us feel happy when we're traveling. But if the place we were visiting isn't nice enough, we might feel sad.

    The Ministry of Culture and Tourism(MCT: 文化和旅游部) just inspected(检查) some places of interest around China. Qiao Family GrandCourtyard (乔家大院), a tourist site(旅游景点) in Shanxi province, lost its 5A rating(等级) after the inspection, Xinhua reported.

    China has a way to rate tourist sites. They get ratings from A (the lowest rating) to AAAAA(5A, the highest rating). The rating is decided according to their transportation quality(交通质量) safety(安全), scenery(景色), and tourists' reviews(评价).

    The MCT said Qiao Family Grand Courtyard has many problems. One is that it is too commercialized(商业化的). It has a large number of shops and commercial activities, which can be annoying(恼人的) to tourists.

    Many tourists also had opinions about the tickets. While the tickets are expensive(138 yuan), the place itself isn't worth visiting. Its parking area(停车场) and visitor center are dirty, Guangming Daily reported.

用方框内所给单词或短语的适当形式完成短文（有一项多余）

on    everything    unless    if    more than    safety

    "Who needs a shopping mall if you have Taobao?" says Wang Lin, 28, a writer in Beijing. Taobao, China's largest online shopping site (网上购物网站), has become an important part of Wang Lin's life She spends lots of money Taobao. A growing number of Chinese Internet users like Wang have found the joys of online shopping. Most online shoppers are students or young workers. More women shop online than men. Clothing and home use products (产品) are the most popular online. It was reported that 250 billion (十亿) yuan was spent on online shopping last year, 80% through Taobao. Taobao means "looking for treasure" in Chinese. People can find almost they need on Taobao, from clothes to books, from candies to DVD players. You may question the security of online shopping. Wang Lin said, "It's very and convenient(便利的)。 you receive the products from the sellers and are satisfied with them, the shop owners will not get the money. You can also get your money back if you want to return the products."

阅读理解

    Nowadays, everybody is taking selfies (自拍照). From your best friend to your favorite pop star, selfies are taking over Renren and Sina Weibo. The word "selfie" was even named Word of the Year by Oxford Dictionaries in 2013. But why do people feel the need to take them? And are they doing us more harm than good?

    According to Dr Pamela Rutledge, psychologist (心理学家) and director or the Media Psychology Research Center in the US, posting a selfie online shows a biological need for self-validation (自我验证).

    Humans have an area in their brain that controls social activity. Receiving positive feedback on a selfie you have posted online can be the same as someone stopping you in the street and complimenting(称赞) you on your appearance.

    The act of taking a selfie also puts you in a position of power. You are the director and the subject of your own work of art. It helps people feel in control of their self-image and can be a powerful tool.

But can it go too far?

    Psychologists warn that too much time spent on selfies can affect people's confidence, particularly in teenagers. If you are spending a lot of time choosing the perfect selfie outfit (着装) or finding the right angle, then there could be a problem.

    Likewise (同样地), posting selfies online can harm your personal relationships. UK studies found that many people find it hard to relate to (与…联系) people who are often posting selfies online.

    So next time you grab your smartphone to take a quick selfie, it may be better to drop it straight back into your pocket.

阅读下列短文，从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。

Smartphones are popular among middle school students, who use them mainly to surf social media platforms, according to a research made by China Youth Daily.

More than 93% of parents had given smartphones to their children in middle schools for daily use and 57% of respondents said they used them to visit social media.

Keeping in touch with teachers came in at 48% and the same number of students used them to play online games, while 47% watched videos and listened to music, the research said.

More than 30% of parents said they failed to guide their children on the rational use of the devices and 39% said children's smartphone use was opposite to their original intentions.

Last year, a report found that 175 million minors regularly used the Internet. It noted that 94%went online with mobile phones, while 57% also used TV sets. Desktops came in at 45%, with laptops at 32% and tablets at 29%.

The report, based on a research of 34, 661 middle school students, found that 33%of the students had surfed the Internet before school age and 65% of young Internet users had taught themselves the necessary skills.

Online games and novels have become important social topics with young students and they do not want to be left out among their peers, Sun said.

The reason some parents fail to control their children's smartphone use is that they also use them too much, she added.

… (To be continued)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

What is bullying (霸凌), exactly? A bully calls your names, takes your things and makes you feel afraid over and over again for a long time. 

, in your neighborhood or even online. He disturbs (干扰) you every day, takes your lunch money, and then steps on your shoelaces (鞋带) as you walk away. and makes up bad stories about you on WeChat.

Bullying can make you feel terrible.What can you do? First of all, remember to be proud of who you are. Don't take the bully's bad words to heart. Also, keep in mind that it's not your fault—ifs the bully who has the problem. If you can, ignore (无视) the bully.If these things don't work, tell your favorite teacher and your parents about the bullying.

. If you don't like someone, don't bully him or her and the world will be a much happier place.

A. Or maybe ifs a girl who calls you "ugly" B. Maybe you are afraid to go to school, or can't eat or sleep C. And, of course, never be a bully D. Please refuse to give in to bullying E. Bullying can happen on the schoolyard F. Maybe he or she will get bored and stop G. There is not much bullying in our school

阅读理解

In London, some schools stop kids from having a best friend. They teach kids to play together in groups. The Sun says that some schools in England have best-friend bans. Teachers say that it's not good for kids to have only one best friend. If the best friend isn't with him or her, he or she may feel sad. Best-friend bans aren't just in England. They are also in other countries.

But many people don't think it's a good idea to have the ban. They say it's better to learn that good things don't always last at a young age. Atherton is a teacher from Canada. She says friends are very important to children. Having a best friend helps a child to be happy. "Children should have more friends. Then they can enjoy playing with many other friends, not only one," Atherton says. She also says that a best friend can know all your secrets. That is to say, you can tell your best friend everything.