社会现象类 知识点题库

 Making a good job choice is almost as good as choosing a good life. So, choosing a job is one of the most important decisions to make in life.

 For my job, there are three important things that I will consider:

 The first one － that I must work in an area I like － is most important to me. Someone once said if you find a job that you enjoy, then you won't have to work another day. I would like to work in an area where I can be more creative. I would like to be the most valuable member there .All this is possible only if I like what I do.

 The second one is that the area of my work  must lead me to solve some  new  and  hard problems. I would like to stay in the same area for a long time. In order for this to happen, the work must provide enough problems. More than just working to live, I enjoy making a difference and trying my best for the whole progress. I would also like to be well remunerated for my hard work, so I can lead a comfortable life with this hard-won money. Then I can provide the best for my family.

 The third important thing is that I would like to work in an area that would help other people. The work in my mind is in fields such as the army, training or management. In such areas, I can help to develop the abilities of others and bring out their best. It would be a most satisfying job to help young people to become the best that they can be. When I become old, I would like to look back with  a great  sense  of  satisfaction  that  thousands  of  people  have  become  better  persons through my work.

 I accept the idea that no one should make a choice of a job suddenly or quickly. He should decide what he wants to be in the long run. Then, he should decide how he works towards it. He should study the proper courses, read the books and speak to knowledgeable  persons in that field before making a job choice. A good choice will most probably lead to a better life.

    If you want to know the history of Asia, you must visit Nepal. It is one of the oldest countries in Asia. When you travel to Nepal, you should pay attention to these following things. Remember them and they may be useful one day.

    ★ Clothes: in Nepal, women shouldn't wear shorts and men should always wear shirts.

    ★Temples: you should ask for permission when you want to take photos in temples. Be sure to take off your shoes before you go into a temple or someone's house.

    ★Food: after you taste some food, do not give it to a Nepalese. Never use your left hand for eating.

    ★Cows: cows are important animals in Nepal. When you visit Nepal，you can find cows easily. Cows are allowed to walk around freely.

Many teenagers feel the most important people in their lives are their friends. They believe their family members, and in particular(尤其是) their parents, don't know them as well as their friends do. In large families, it's quite often for brothers and sisters to fight with each other and then they can only go to their friends for advice. It's very important for teenagers to have good friends or a circle of friends, because friends can discuss something difficult to say to their family members.

    However, parents often try to choose their children's friends for them. Some may even stop their children from meeting their good friends. The question of “choice” is interesting. Have you ever thought of the following questions? Who chooses your friends? Do you choose your friends or your friends choose you? Have you got a good friend your parents don't like? Your answers are welcome.

Hundreds of years ago, life was harder than it is today. People didn't have modern machines. There was no modern medicine, either.

    Life today has brought new problems. One of the biggest is pollution. Water pollution has made our rivers and lakes dirty. It kills our fish and pollutes our drinking water. Noise pollution makes us talk louder and become angry more easily. Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution to all living things in the world.

Cars, planes and factories all pollute our air every day. Sometimes the polluted air is so thick that it is like a quilt (被状物） over a city. This kind of quilt is called smog.

    Many countries are making rules to fight pollution. Factories must now clean their water before it is thrown away, and they mustn't let dirty smoke go into the air.

      We need to do many other things. We can put waste things in the dustbin and do not throw them on the ground. We can go to work by bus with our friends in the same car. If there are fewer people driving, there will be less pollution.

    Rules are not enough. Every person must help to fight pollution.

    Young people are often unhappy when they are with their parents. They say that their parents don't understand them. They often think their parents are too strict  1them. Parents often find 2difficult to win their children's trust and they seem to 3how they themselves felt when they were young. For example, young people like to do things without much 4 . It's one of their ways to show that they grow up and they can  5any difficult problems. Older people worry more easily. Most of them plan things ahead and don't like their plans to be changed. So when you want your parents to let you do  6 , you will have better success if you ask before you really start doing it. Young people often make their parents angry by clothes they wear, the music they enjoy and something  7 . But they don't mean to cause any trouble. They just feel that  8 this way they can be cut off from the old people's world and they want to make a new culture of their own. And if their parents don't like their music or clothes or their way of speech, the young people feel very sad. Sometimes instead of going out with their parents, they just want to stay at home  9and do what they like. If you plan to do something, you'd better win your parents over and get them to understand you. 10 ， your parents will certainly let you do what you want to do.

    China is a great country with the largest population in the world. In order to solve the population problem, our government carried out one-child policy (政策) before. When it is carried out for some time, many people not only see its advantages but also disadvantages.

    From 2016, two-child policy is put into effect. In my opinion, two-child policy is good. First of all, two-child policy is the gift for some only child. For some families, maybe the parents are only child and they also can have only child. Besides the loneliness of their child, when their child grows up and they grow older, their child marry an only child girl, the burden (负担) on their child and his wife is too heavy. Their child and his wife have to take care of two couples. Usually, a young couple looking after an old couple is a little difficult. But if their parents have two children, they can share the burden of taking care of their parents. It would be much better. Secondly, two-child policy can guarantee (保证) the number of Chinese population.

    All in all, one-child policy has been out of date. And two-child policy is needed and necessary. It can solve the problems of nowadays (现在) and the future.

    As the Internet is developing fast, more and more new words and phrases have been created in Chinese. Here are some examples.

    One of the most popular words is Dianzan, which is often used when you quite agree with(同意)someone. Another example is Renxing. When you say somebody is Renxing, you mean that he or she will do whatever he or she likes. The phrase Miaosha first came from online shopping, which means you can complete your shopping orders before others. But now it's widely used when you get your purpose in a very short time. If you describe somebody as Tuhao, you mean that he or she is very rich.

    You can find lots of such new Chinese words. Keep learning and you'll know more about Chinese culture.

    American boys and girls love to watch TV. Some children spend six hours a day in school and four to six hours a day in front of the TV set. Some children even watch TV for eight1or more on Saturdays or Sundays.

    Some shows help children to know the news around the world. Some programs show people places from other countries or other times in history. Children can watch a play, a concert, or a soccer2at home. Some programs even3children how to use computers or how to cook.

    But there are also some problems. One problem from American kids is that they watch 4TV. They don't have much time to do other activities. Playing, reading, spending time with friends and families are much5than sitting in front of a TV. Another problem is that not all programs are good ones. Children also learn something bad from TV.

    Vaccines should keep people healthy and away from the fear of diseases. However, some problematic vaccines found in China have caused big worries and anger among people recently.

    Since 2011, 12 types of vaccines, such as vaccines for rabies and the flu, have been sold illegally in 24 provincial-level areas. Together they are worth more than 570 million yuan and were sold by a mother and daughter crime(犯罪)team.

    The mother, surnamed Pang, once worked at a hospital in Shandong. After leaving the hospital, Pang began to sell vaccines without a licence. Qualified companies made the vaccines, but Pang did not keep them at a low temperature. As a result, the vaccines could lose their effect.

    Pang and some other criminals have already been arrested. Local governments are still tracing(追踪)the problematic vaccines in different areas.

    Although the governments are working on the case, it has caused worries in the public. Some parents worry that the problematic vaccines could be toxic(有毒的)and refuse to take their children to get vaccinated in hospitals.

    But according to the World Health Organization, there is little risk of these vaccines, and they are seldom toxic. The WHO still encourages parents to protect their children's health through vaccination.

    Did you know that a new weblog is being created each second? Many of these bloggers are teenagers. While their parents wrote in a diary to express their emotions, or shared their interests by spending time with friends, teens are now using blogs instead. In fact, in the US, one in every five school-aged teens has a blog. Most of these are just chatter, some are funny or clever, but a few have become Internet success.

    For example, Chloe Spencer's blog "Neopets Fanatic" gets around 300,000 hits per month. When Chloe was 15, she started the blog out of her strong liking for Neopets, a kind of pet website. One reason why her blog has so many visitors is that she gives instructions and tips for the popular pet site.

    Then there is Tavi Gevinson's blog "Style Rookie". It is said to get 1.5 million hits per month. Tavi, who started her blog when she was just 12, puts up her photos of her own clothes online as well as designers' collections. Tavi's blog has caught on because she knows a lot about style for someone so young, and she is not afraid to try out unusual clothes or see things in a different way.

    Blogs like these are interesting, but they only become really popular after better-known websites are linked to them or they get noticed by the media(传媒). For example, Tavi's blog became an overnight(突 然的) success after being written about in The New York Times. Popular blogs can even earn money, usually from advertisements that companies pay to put up on the bloggers' sites.

    So for some, blogging is just a recreation( 消遣), but for others, it can become a source of income and even a full-time job!

    Modern children play outdoors just half as much as their parents did when they were young, according to the research.

    Today s teenagers prefer to stay indoors and watch TV, play computer games, and even do their homework, rather than go outside to play. Parents said their children would rather surf the Internet and listen to music. Almost one in ten children would like to go outdoors for exercise. Numbers show that those growing up during the 1970s and 1980s enjoyed more than two hours of outside play each weekday, and even nine hours at weekends- whatever the weather.

    But today's youngsters stay outdoors for just over an hour each weekday, and fewer than five hours on Saturdays and Sundays. It also shows that 44 percent of the parents wish their children to play outdoors more often, with 58 percent saying their children don't play outside as much as they want.

    In fact, playing outdoors is so important to children—not only to help them stay active and healthy, but also to help them socialise with friends, and create those colorful childhood memories which we look back on so warmly.

    Look around when you're on a subway. What's the most popular time-killing activity? In China, many people play on their cell phones. But in other countries, many people enjoy reading. Chinese people read an average (平均) of 4.5 books during 2015, according to a recent survey. While a US citizen reads 21 a year and a Japanese reads 17, according to UNESCO (联合国教科文组织).

    Reading books builds a bridge between our life and the unknown world. In many foreign countries, people read at any time. Even backpackers enjoy reading books when they're on a break at the beach, or relaxing from swimming.

    In most US middle schools, teachers give students a reading list every few weeks. Most books are easy to read like youth novels. Some schools then hold competitions by asking students details of a book.

    Good reading habits lead you to a lifelong love of books.

    In order to encourage people to read more, China's planning to develop the habit of reading in its law. Although this has both good and bad sides, it can be seen as a way to develop one's reading habits. What can we do to foster good reading habits?

    Read in short periods. Ten minutes on the way to and from school, 10 minutes waiting for friends, 15 minutes before going to sleep. That totals 45 minutes per day, about five hours per week.

    Make your own reading list. Your list can be the best-selling books on famous websites like The New York Times or Dangdang. com, or books your teachers suggest.

    Talk about your reading with your family or friends.

    Inspiration can be a strange thing. You never know when it might hit. And sometimes, it can come from the most unexpected places.

    I recently read about an author(作家) named Okorafor. When she was in college, she had a serious spine disorder(脊椎病). Okorafor was told that a simple operation(手术) could fix it.

    But when she woke up from her operation, she found that she couldn't move her legs and was in great pain.

    Okorafor got well later. But before she did, she saw strange things in her hospital room.

    She imagined her pain as a beast(野兽)that hunted her from the shadows. But she also imagined a woman-a woman who could fly, in fact. This magical woman inspired her and helped her forget her pain. "I felt greater than myself. I felt myself become greater," she wrote in her book Broken Places & Outer Spaces: Finding Creativity in the Unexpected.

    We never know where we might find the inspiration to create. As a musician, most of my inspiration comes from other people's music. But I also find ideas in other places. Books, movies and even just moments in everyday life can lead to new creations.

    For example, I recently watched the film Blade Runner. I've seen it plenty of times before; it's one of my favorite movies. But this time, for some reason, I saw it differently. I decided to make music that could create the same feeling as the film. It's not done yet, but the movie's setting and characters impacted the music I'm working on now heavily.

    Anything can inspire us. You just have to be ready to catch inspiration when it hits.

Because of the increase in traffic accidents caused by smartphone use, the traffic police in Wenzhou have begun to give those who use smartphones while crossing the street fines (罚款). Is the rule necessary?

Virtual stars

Meet Luo Tianyi, the most popular virtual star in China. The 15-year-old singer is not a real person, but a (卡通) character created by a computer. She has (表演) on many TV shows and become a spokesperson for famous brands, including KFC and Mirinda. And she has appeared in many ads. Last year in Shanghai, she even (成功地) held a concert with more than 10,000 fans.

Starting her career in (七月) 2012, Luo is China's first virtual star. Yet she is not the only one.

Just last year, 14 virtual idols were created in China. Although many people think the virtual world seems not so (可相信的) ,the virtual stars have all found their places (在……中) fans.

How do these virtual stars win people's hearts when there are so many good looking and (有才艺的) human stars? One possible reason is that compared with human stars, virtual idols like Luo are much closer to their fans. Fans write (歌曲) for their virtual idols.

Virtual stars are also . (更擅长) at staying out of trouble or scandal, which makes those famous people embarrassed.

By giving people something that human stars can not (提供) ,virtual idols are more than idols to their fans.

Last month some parents visited a pizza restaurant in Florida with their children. On the door they saw a sign" NO CHILDREN"." Why can't we bring our children?" "What on earth does the owner want to do?" The parents were surprised and complained(抱怨) angrily.

So why did the restaurant put up the sign on its door?

Troy Taylor, the owner of the pizza restaurant, found that many parents couldn't control(控制)their children and many children couldn't have meals quietly, so they disturbed(打扰)other customers. Some people said that this was unfair. Mr. Taylor explained his decision. He said that the restaurant was near a busy road, so there might be some danger if the parents didn't take good care of their children. So he made up his mind to ban (禁止)children from his restaurant.

Others supported his decision, they said they were bored of noisy children in restaurants and now they could finally have a place for adults only. In fact, many other restaurants have also met the same problem. Some have done nothing and others have tried to ban children during certain times of the day. 'There's one restaurant in Italy. It has been creative in dealing with the problem. They rewarded(奖励)well-behaved children to encourage parents to control their children.

These methods may be useful for a while, but it is difficult to solve this problem completely.

Why do people grow green plants on the houses or tall buildings?

Cities call it concrete jungles(水泥丛林）or green roofs. In many people's minds, cities don't have enough green. Green roofs are great to look at and great for the environment. They also give people fresh food and help people make more money.

Now roof gardens are becoming popular in New York City. Some people plant vegetables and fruit on the roof, such as tomatoes, eggplants, green peppers and watermelons.

" I water my vegetables every morning and sell them in the afternoon , so they are very fresh , "said Zaba, a shopkeeper in New York . In fact, he started planting vegetables and fruit on the roof 15 years ago . Half the food in his shop comes from his roof garden.

Some people even keep bees on their roofs. Kurt has 250 boxes of bees. He says the little bees are good for cities. They can not only pollinate(给……传授花粉）plants, but also clean the city's air . Of course, they can give people honey, too.

Everyone needs a place to relax, right? Now, young students can, easily experience as much stress as adults do. They face competition, interpersonal(人际的)relationships, and personal problems as adults do. But adults have more social experience and can face problems with more self - control. For students，sometimes they have no choice but to rebel(叛逆).

Faced with such a situation, a middle school in Xi'an, northwest China's Shanxi Province recently opened its "mood drain(排泄情绪) room", a place for students to lift their spirits.

The room provides students with classes to guide their mental(心理的 )health development. It also a place for practice where students can express themselves by doing different kinds of activities such as boxing(拳击) or shouting. There are also mental health teachers in the room who help students with questions and also watch their activities for safety reasons.

Designers(设计者) have considered different personalities of students when designing these activities. No matter it's a boy or a girl who shows up. They can put on a pair of boxing gloves to hit a sandbag or shout out loud to relax. A drawing wall and a "writer's and reader' scorner" are for shy students.

"I wish my school had such a room but I would feel a little bit shy going there to shout out loud by myself. I like the room to have different theme activities every week so that I feel more comfortable going there. " said Xingyuan, a Chinese middle school students.

"What matters is that it should be used in a right way，unlike the place where my son goes to cut classes and box against his classmates. It needs to have professional teachers, "said Li, a parent of a middle school student.

Keeping the house clean is big work for the busy family. So everyone in the home (play) a part in housework, including you. As teenagers, remember that itis the chance(机会) for you to learn life skills. You can't on your parents for-ever. You need to prepare yourself for leaving home one day. Start from doing dishes and folding and putting clothes. Cleaning the kitchen or bathroom should be also no problem for you. Outdoor jobs such as watering the flowers, cleaning the car are small pieces of cake at your age. If you feel it boring to do housework, add something exciting in. It's a good idea to listen to music while chores. You can also ask your parents to do it with you. When you hear "thank you" from your mother, you will be proud of yourself. Nothing can compare with the feeling of (satisfy) after you turn mess into neatness(整洁).

Don't you believe it? Try it now.

Parents are the closest people to you in the world. But a lot of middle school students have a problem. They feel they're not as close to their parents as before. They even don't think their parents are fair (公平的) to them.

Some students complain that their parents often say a lot to them, but never listen to them. Some say their parents don't allow them to play computer games when other classmates are doing that. Others say when they're making phone calls to friends, their parents like to ask if they're speaking to a boy or a girl. These make them very unhappy. Some students even decide to leave home because they're afraid to tell their parents when they have done something wrong, especially when they do badly in exams. Then they usually think running away is the only choice (选择). But they don't know running away may bring them some more problems.

Problems are parts of life. Here are some suggestions for you to solve your problems.

1) Find a good chance to talk with your parents. Don't be afraid to tell them your feelings.

2) Get help from others like good friends or teachers.

3) Keep a diary to help you understand more about yourself and your feelings.

4) Show your parents you're growing up. Then they'll feel you're no longer a small child.