主谓一致 知识点

即谓语动词在人称和数上要和主语保持一致,包括语法一致、意义一致和就近一致。

语法一致即谓语动词在单复数形式上要和主语保持一致, 主语是单数形式,谓语也采取单数形式;主语是复数形式,谓语必须采取复数形式。
A grammar book helps you learn something about the rules of a language.(主语是单数形式,谓语也采取单数形式)语法书帮助你学习语言的某些规则。

意义一致就是谓语动词要和主语意义上的单复数保持一致
有时主语形式上为单数,但意义上却是复数,那么谓语依意义也用复数形式;
而有时主语形式上为复数,但意义上却是单数,那么谓语依意义亦用单数形式。
1) 当主语后面接由as well as, as much as, accompanied by, including, in addition to, more than, no less than, rather than, together with 等引导的词组时,其谓语动词的形式要依主语的单复数而定。在这样的句子里,这些词所引导的词组不影响主语自身的单,复数形式,它们在句子里其实是状语.也就是说,我们完全可以将这些词组搬到句首或是放到句末去。从表面上我们也可以看出,它们与主语之间有","隔开。
例如:
The teacher, with all his students,is going to have a picnic this weekend.老师打算这个周末与学生们一起去野炊。
The warehouse, with all its stockings,was burned last night.昨晚,那个仓库连同其所有的货物一起被烧毁了。
我们完全可以将上面句子中的那些词组都分别搬到句首或是放到句末去,因为它们在句子里是状语:
The students are going to have a picnic this weekend together with their teacher.
As well as the suitcase,the missing things have been found and returned to the owner.
2) 表示时间,金钱,距离,体积,重量,面积,数字等词语作主语时,其意义若是指总量应看作单数,谓语动词用单数;但如果其意义是指"有多少数量"则应该看作是复数,那么谓语动词也应该用复数。
例如:
Four weeks are often approximately regarded as one month.
人们常大约地将四个星期看成一个月.
3) 形容词前加定冠词即"the + 形容词"作主语时,其意义若是指个人或是抽象概念应看作单数,谓语动词用单数;但如果其意义是指一类人则应该看作是复数,那么谓语动词也应该用复数。
例如:
The young, on the one hand,often think of the old conservative. On the other hand,the old always consider the young inexperience.
一方面,青年人常认为老年人保守;另一方面,老年人总是认为青年人没有经验。
4)当and连接两个并列主语在意义上指同一人,同一物,同一事或者同一概念时,应看作单数,谓语动词用单数.另外,当and 连接两个形容词去修饰一个单数形式的主语时,其实是指两种不同的事物,主语则应该看作是复数,那么谓语动词也应该用复数.
例如:War and peace is a constant theme in history. 战争与和平是一个历史上的永恒的主题。
Chinese and Japanese silk are good quality.中国丝绸和日本丝绸质量都很好。
Different people respectively welcome White and black coffee. 加奶的咖啡与清咖啡都分别受到不同人们的喜爱。
5) 集体名词作主语时,谓语动词的数取决于主语的意义:主语表示整体时视为单数,谓语动词用单数;主语表示集体中的个体成员时视为复数,谓语动词用复数。这类集体名词常见的有:army, audience, cattle, class, club, committee, crowd, family, government, group, majority, minority, part, people, police, public, staff, team等等,其中cattle, people, police一般看成复数形式。
例如:
The family are all fond of football. 那一家人都喜欢足球.
The public now come to know the whole story.人们目前现在越来越清楚那是怎么回事了。

就近一致是指,谓语动词的人称和数常常与最近作主语的词语保持一致。
常出现在这类句子中的连词有:or, either… or …,neither… nor …,not only… but also …等,
例如:
Either I or they are responsible for the result of the matter.
不是我,就是他们要对那件事的结局负责任.
Neither the unkind words nor the unfriendly attitude has caused me any distress.既不是那些不友好的话,也不是那不友好的态度让我沮丧.

主谓一致 知识点题库

Nearly _______of the earth_      __covered by sea.


A . three fourth; is B . three fourths; is C . three fourth; are D . three fourths; are
There _________ some sheep and a horse in the picture.
A . are B . is C . has
There             some meat and some apples on the table.
A . is B . are C . has D . have
My name _______ Jack. Liu Ying and Sun Mei _______ my friends.
A . is; is B . is; are C . are; is D . is; am
Bamboo _______ often _______ to make Paper.

A . was; use B . were; use C . is: used D . are: used
The price of the bike _______2, 000 yuan.
A . are B . am C . is D . buys
 (be) you at home last night?
He (see) to swim in Daming Lake yesterday.
彼得不常看电影,他喜欢看电视。

Peter doesn't often   . He likes watching TV.

The workers(work) on the farm when it began to rain.
The scientists released the picture of a black hole to the world on April10. (改为被动语态)

The picture of a black hole to the world by the scientists on April 10.

Please don't take photos here. Look! The sign (写道) "No Photos".
Amy and her best friend often ______ books together.
A . read B . reads C . is reading D . to read
众所周知,香港永远属于中国。(完成译句)

As we all know, Hong Kong China forever.

那些是你的叔叔吗?

your uncles?

老师正在宣读摄影比赛的获奖名单。

The teacher is the list of the winners of the photography competition.

The children (listen) to English on the radio. Don't talk!
澳大利亚是个人人都想去游览的好地方。

Australia is a place everyone .

 Tim and Jane (have) erasers?

—Yes, they (do).

My sister (like) watching TV very much.
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