| 1. 阅读理解 | 详细信息 |
阅读理解Dorothea Dix was born in 1802 in Massachusetts. When she was 12 years old, she left her unhappy home to live with her grandmother in Boston. There Dorothea went to school and was so quick at her lessons that two years later she went back to Worcester, Massachusetts and taught in a school for little children. She was only fourteen and rather small for her age. Anyway, she proved herself a good teacher, and the children loved her and respected her. In 1821, she opened a school for girls in Boston. Gradually, her health broke down, and she began to think that she could never work any more, but after a long rest in England, she came back to America and did something far greater than teaching. She went through the whole country where she first observed the inhumane treatment of the mentally ill. During Dorothea's traveling for nearly two years throughout the state, and meeting similar conditions, she always spoke kindly to the ill-treated, but she spokewrathfully to the men who ill-treated them. In January 1843, she submitted to the Massachusetts legislature (立法机关) a detailed report of her fully documented findings. In the next 40 years Dorothea inspired legislators in 15 US states and in Canada to establish state hospitals for the mentally ill. Her continuous efforts directly affected the building of 32 institutions in the United States. When the Civil War broke out, she went straight to Washington and offered to nurse the soldiers without pay. She hired houses to keep supplies in and bought an ambulance. She gave her time, strength and money to her country. Dorothea Dix has been called the most useful woman of America. She is an, American educator, social reformer and humanitarian whose devotion to the welfare of the mentally ill led to widespread reforms in the United States and abroad.
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| 2. 阅读理解 | 详细信息 |
阅读理解Tai chi, a traditional, slow-moving form of Chinese physical exercise, is known to increase flexibility and improve balance. New research has been conducted to determine whether tai chi has an influence on lowering blood pressure in people with prehypertension (高血压前期). In the study, Chinese scientists put 342 adults with prehypertension into two groups. The average age of people taking part in the study was 49. About half the participants (参与者) took part in aerobic exercise, including jogging, climbing stairs and cycling. The other half was trained to practice tai chi. Both groups got hour-long exercises four times a week. Nearly 22% of the people who practiced tai chi saw their blood pressure fall to be normal, compared with nearly 16% of people in the aerobic exercise group. And fewer patients in the tai chi group went on to develop high blood pressure than patients in the aerobic exercise group. So what is it about tai chi that helps lower blood pressure? "The practice tends to get more of a response from the parasympathetic (副交感的) nervous system, which is the network of nerves that relaxes your body after periods of stress or danger, " says Ruth Taylor-Piliae, a professor at the University of Arizona's College of Nursing. "I think the beauty of tai chi is that you don't have to have a special gym membership, you don't have to have special clothing, " Taylor-Piliae says. "Once you learn tai chi, you can do it anytime and anyplace. And it does provide a calming and relaxing effect. " Evidence suggests it can also help protect against cognitive fall and even improve memory. But you have to practice it continually to get the most benefit.
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| 3. 阅读理解 | 详细信息 |
阅读理解Humans can make do with scarves, coats and gloves in cold weather. Some animals can hibernate (冬眠) for the winter. A new study finds that reptiles (爬行动物) and birds do something that is similar to hibernation, but a little different. In very cold weather, their body temperatures greatly drop into an energy-saving state in order to survive. The ability to thermoregulation (体温调节) for reptiles and birds is possible. In Texas, where the city of Beaumont reached a low of 18 degrees Fahrenheit last month, it looked as if alligators (短吻鳄) had died of cold—yet alive in iced-over water. By ensuring their long noses stayed above the water line, the cold-blooded creatures were able to lower their body temperatures to survive the sudden short period of very cold weather. The process, in the case of cold-blooded animals like reptiles, is called brumation—it's like a short state of hibernating. While in this state, reptiles become sleepy and they can go for a long time without eating or drinking. For example, alligators can be in brumation from just a few hours to months. Like reptiles and mammals, birds can go into a state called torpor in order to save energy under very cold conditions. "Torpor is somewhere between a short sleep and hibernation, " said Justin Baldwin, a PhD candidate in biology at Washington University in St. Louis. Baldwin studied 29 species of hummingbirds living in Colombia. Researchers found that hummingbirds can enter into deep or shallow torpor, depending on several factors, including their size and weather conditions. In deep torpor, the birds are much more likely to be affected by disease. And what's more, they would be easily harmed by their enemies. Some bird lovers want to help the birds when they are in torpor. For example, the Bird Alliance of Oregon offers a few tips on how to keep the birds from danger.
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| 4. 语法填空（语篇） | 详细信息 |
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Tradition has never lost (it) shine. Although China has achieved the greatest urbanization (城市化) in history, Chinese people's physical and (emotion) connections to traditions are strong and everywhere. These traditions (become) a precious and unique part of Chinese culture over centuries. In the past Spring Festival holidays, Chinese people have felt a festive atmosphere both in big citiesin the countryside. The Ming Tombs in Beijing staged a live show inspired by the Ming Dynasty silk painting Ming Emperor Xianzong Enjoying the Lantern Festival, attracting hundreds of visitors. Dozens of (actor) wearing Ming Dynasty clothing staged a sitcom (情景喜剧) style play, performing scenes including the emperor lighting lanterns and other ancient activities usually (hold) during the Lantern Festival. One worker said that it aimed (help) people experience how the Lantern Festival was celebrated and further understand Ming culture. In addition to turning the ancient painting into a sitcom, many other folk arts also became a major draw, (particular) for young people. One young woman Hou traveled all the way from Beijing to Jiexi County, South China's Guangdong Province, during the holiday to watch a performance of the Yingge Dance,is one of the most representative (有代表性的) folk arts in Chaozhou and Shantou, Guangdong Province. Many people were deeply moved as traditional cultures could (preserve) until now. |
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| 5. 听力题 | 详细信息 |
How did the speakers go to the capital?
A . By train.
B . By bus.
C . By car.
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| 6. 听力题 | 详细信息 |
What is the girl going to do?
A . Go shopping.
B . Go swimming.
C . Go camping.
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| 7. 听力题 | 详细信息 |
Why is Jenny unable to go out with the man?
A . She is walking the dog.
B . She is looking after her cousins.
C . She needs to do her homework.
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| 8. 听力题 | 详细信息 |
What does the woman want to have tonight?
A . Beef and chicken.
B . Fruit and vegetables.
C . Fish and beef.
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| 9. 听力题 | 详细信息 |
Where does the conversation probably take place?
A . In the car.
B . At school.
C . In the supermarket.
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| 10. 听力题 | 详细信息 |
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下对话。
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