题目

阅读理解 The secrets of dreaming are always interesting psychologists. It is generally acknowledged in the field that dreams people have during this time between childhood and early adulthood are the strongest and most influential. Yet not enough is known about the repeated patterns of dreaming. Researchers are still trying to answer a basic question: How does dreaming relate to the life experiences and developmental challenges? William Domhoff and Adam Schneider, at the University of California, help to answer this question by examining the lengthy dream series of two individuals, "Izzy" and "Jasmine". Izzy provided a collection of 4,329 dream reports from between the ages of 12 and 25, while Jasmine provided 664 dreams recorded between the ages of 14 and 25. Large collections of dreams like these pose challenges to researchers. Until recently, the means of studying dream series was to employ a team of recorders who take the time to code each dream for a predetermined number of content categories, and then compare their results. Nowadays, digital technologies enable the analysis of language usage in dreams with high speed, precision, and objectivity. This marks a revolutionary advance in the science of dreaming. However, it can only lead so far. To gain more specific and detailed insights, Domhoff and Schneider tailored word strings for each dreamer, mixing elements of traditional research with digital tools for analyzing large data sets. For Izzy these word strings included "family and relatives", "celebrities" and "fantasy", while the word strings they created for Jasmine included "familiar places", "electrical equipment" and "music". The researchers used these word strings to identify connections between their dreams and real lives. Surprisingly, the results of the analysis revealed a great deal of consistency and continuity in both sets of dreams. Izzy pays much attention to pop culture, and has affection for famous actors. Jasmine is an accomplished musician and performer. "The frequencies of dream elements reveal the intensity of the dreamer's personal concern with that element in waking thought," Domhoff and Schneider conclude. For anyone who still claims dreaming is merely random nonsense from the brain and mental world, these findings are hard to explain away. （1） What do psychologists agree with about dreams? A . Dreams are influenced by life experiences. B . Dreaming is never nonsense from the brain. C . Dreams in one's teens and twenties are the most intense. D . The patterns of dreaming are usually repeated. （2） What does "it" underlined in paragraph 3 refer to? A . The collection of dreams. B . Research into dreaming. C . The digital method. D . The challenge for psychologists. （3） How do the researchers conduct their study? A . By analyzing large data sets. B . By developing individualized word strings. C . By identifying the patterns of dreaming. D . By making comparison with traditional research. （4） Which can be the best title for the text? A . New tech, new finding B . Dreams: reflections of waking reality C . Lives, languages, dreams D . Life experiences: elements of mental world 答案： C C B B

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