题目

阅读理解 Jerome H. Powell, the Federal Reserve chair, suggested on Wednesday that improved child care support policies from the government might help pull more women into the labor market. "Our peers, our competitors, advanced economy western countries, have a more built-up function for child care, and they wind up having much higher labor force participation for women," Mr. Powell said, "We used to lead the world in female labor force participation, a quarter-century ago, and we no longer do." But Mr. Powell did voice qualified support for a few broader ideas. He made it clear that the labor market remained far from healed, that the pandemic's economic outcome has largely hurt women and minorities since the winter of 2020, and that both Congress and the central bank have a role to play in supporting working-class families until the economy has recovered more fully. As Mr. Powell implied, adult women in the United States hold jobs or look for them at lower rates than women in some other major advanced economies, such as Canada or Germany. Research has suggested that the change may be linked to child care policies. In a 2018 paper that asked why the share of Canadians who work or look for  jobs had climbed even as United States labor force attachment had fallen, researchers at the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco pointed out that most of the gap owed to different outcomes for women. And they pointed to caregiving policy differences as a likely reason. ''Parental leave policies in Canada provide strong motivation to remain attached to the labor force following the arrival of a new child," the paper, written by the San Francisco Fed president, Mary C. Daly, and co-authors, pointed out  "The contrast between the motivations Canada and the United States offer prime-age workers to remain attached to the labor force is clear." The fact 出at child care responsibilities fall heavily on women in the United States has come under a brighter spotlight during the pandemic, which has shuttered schools and disproportionately left women bearing added child care responsibilities during the traditional workday. （1） What can we learn from the second paragraph?   A . The rate of American female employment was the highest five decades ago. B . Women in the USA are fed up with labor work. C . The USA has lost its leading status in female labor force participation. D . Advanced Western countries have lower rate of employment compared with that of the USA. （2） According to the passage, who most need financial support after being affected by COVID-19 in the US? A . the black females and children B . the working-class Americans C . the high-income groups D . the businessmen and politicians （3） As  for the different employment rate among advanced economies, what may be the main cause? A . different social status B . the economic income C . the child care policy D . government economic policy （4） How can we describe the situation of American women during the pandemic? A . American women live under great pressure. B . American women live a carefree life. C . American women are hardworking and optimistic. D . American women are unemployed and pressured. 答案： C B C A

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