题目

阅读理解 Which is better for Earth: an electric or gas-powered vehicle? The answer to this question might seem blindingly obvious. Of course electric cars must be better for the environment, because they don't give off greenhouse gases as people drive. However, electric vehicles (EVs) aren't perfect, and they come with their own set of polluting problems. Their batteries require a large amount of energy to produce. Battery production is just one part of an electric car's life span. A study looked at the entire life cycle of an EV's emissions(排放), from mining the metals for the batteries to producing the electricity needed to power them, and then compared this with the average emissions of a gas-powered vehicle. The team found that when EVs are charged with coal-powered electricity, they're actually worse for the environment than gas-powered cars. "Only when connected to the clean energy do EVs have an advantage over the gas-powered cars on a greenhouse gas basis," said Colin Sheppard, an expert in energy and transportation systems. That's why more and more countries are decreasing the power supply from coal. In China, the national grid is improving with more efforts in renewable energy. For example, it has twice as much wind energy capacity as the U.S. and it builds more solar panels per year than any other countries. Sheppard has modelled a future in which all cars are electric. "We want to understand what it might be like if all passenger vehicles were electrified." The model suggests that if all vehicles in the U.S. were electric, greenhouse-gas emissions would be 46% less every year. This reduction could be increased even further if those vehicles were using a technique known as "smart charging" in which cars are recharged at chosen times (often at night) to reduce the cost of electricity. In short, it's far easier to argue for buying an EV than a gas-powered vehicle. But what about the cost? Aren't electric vehicles too expensive for most people? （1） In which case do EVs get more heavy-polluted than gas-powered cars? A . Being powered only by batteries. B . Using coal-powered electricity. C . Starting to give off greenhouse gases. D . Replacing gas-powered vehicles entirely. （2） How does Sheppard's model show the reduction of greenhouse-gas emissions? A . With a discussion. B . With an examination. C . With a comparison. D . With a questionnaire. （3） What can be inferred from the text? A . China is making advances in renewable energy. B . Compared with gas-powered cars, EVs are at an advantage. C . There is still room for the development of EVs. D . It's not a challenge to choose between EVs and gas-powered cars. （4） What might the paragraph following the passage be about? A . Inventing green gas-powered vehicles. B . Developing environment-friendly grids. C . Getting rid of fossil energy like coal and oil. D . Making electric vehicles more affordable. 答案： B C C D

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