高一: 语文 数学 英语 物理 化学 生物 历史 政治 地理 

高一试题

下面的文稿在表达和形式上有五处不妥,请指出并改正。

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2018年10月15日

忻府区电力公司

化学上将质量数相同而质子数不同的原子称为同量素,如40K和40Ca.下列关于40K和40Ca的叙述中正确的是(   )
A . 40K和40Ca 具有相同的中子数 B . 40K+40Ca2+ 具有相同的电子层结构 C . 39K和40Ca互为同位素 D . 40K的原子半径小于40Ca 的原子半径
阅读下面文章,回答下列小题。

节气

①随着年龄的增长,我对二十四节气越来越在意了。春夏的几个节气感觉还好些,秋天就不同了,立秋、处暑、白露、秋分、寒露、霜降,像坐滑梯似的,止都止不住;况且它们的手一个比一个凉,表情也一个比一个冷漠、生硬,但又不得不跟着它们一步步地往岁月深处走,哪怕后退半步也是不可能的。走着走着,一场铺天盖地的白霜便突然降临了。

②其实,这世界上没有什么事情是突然的。比如风,它来的时候也是有路数的。如果站在田野的高处,就不难发现远处的那些亭亭玉立的玉米、高粱,开始悠悠地摇曳起来,一起一伏的,形似一个水波的巨孤,慢慢地推过来,推过来,经过身边时,“嗖”的一声,就蹿过去了。节气也是如此。就说惊蛰吧,也不是陡然的一声响雷这么简单。据我多年的观察,惊蛰也有着怀柔的一面。在它到来之前,常常会有几个暄透的好日头,笑容可掬的样子,把藏匿于瓦砾、枯草里星星点点的残雪悄悄消融掉,再把僵硬的泥土弄得酥软了,然后才是一记重雷。

③乡村就有这么个好处,它使你觉得这世界上的一切东西,都是有根有脉、有因有果的,不是一味地胡来。不像我们人,只要心血来潮,就会轻举妄动,结果做出许多蠢事,然后再慢慢地反思、修正。比如霜降,它的威严是由立秋、处暑、白露、秋分一点一点铺垫起来的。节气就是这样有规矩,也守规矩,该冷的时候冷,该热的时候热。该立的立,该废的废。然而冷与热,立与废,都使你心服口服。

④对于草木、庄稼和一些小生灵,惊蛰是一道关,霜降也是一道关。这两道关,一个主兴,一个主衰,可谓一阳一阴,一道一魔,它们配合得多么默契!在我看来,惊蛰的那一记霹雳,无疑是春天提炼出的一颗灵丹,那些沉睡的草木、庄稼和小生灵们,就着甜丝丝的雨水服下去,嘴巴咂呀咂的,一个个如灵魂附体,仿佛刹那间,一切该醒的都醒了,就连落在房顶瓦沟里的小小草籽也不肯错过机会。此时沉寂已久的村庄和田野,到处眨动着惺忪的小眼睛,到处弥漫着慵懒的呵欠声。至于霜降,我想它更像是秋天念出的一句黑色的咒语。一语既出,该谢的,得谢,该落的,得落,没有什么好通融和商量的,即使心怀不满与怨恨,也不得不委曲求全,姑且抱着“留得青山在”的态度,暂时蛰伏下来,或者远走他乡吧。

⑤不知你留意过没有,霜降之夜总是出奇地静,一切生灵都缄默不语,就连絮絮叨叨的风婆子也闭上了嘴巴。是的,草木、庄稼和一切生灵也该静一静了。伫立在霜降之夜无涯的寂静里,呼吸着清冽的空气,我们不难从这大静大美之中,隐隐感悟到天道的伟大。

⑥这使我想起一桩往事。那是政治闹猛的年代,我和祖父在豆青河畔看管生产队里窖藏的红薯。霜降那天晚上,我半夜起来解手时吓了一跳,乖乖,满地的银霜!当我咝咝呵呵重新回到窝棚时,祖父自言自语地说,落霜了。然后诡秘地笑笑,说,豆子,爷爷考考你,你说这世上谁最伟大?我想了想,说道:“是哪个伟人吧?”祖父摇摇头,小声说出“时令”二字。我一时没听明白,感到祖父的话有些不可思议。他说睡吧,到了我这把岁数你就会明白的。

⑦祖父对时令是敬若神明的,他常常因为播种的时间问题与生产队长发生争执,每次他总会说,二十四节气虽然不会张口说话,但它心里比什么都清楚。人是糊弄不了它的。

⑧祖父后来是不是霜降时走的,我已经记不清了,但他跟所有的人一样,的确是在该走的时候走的,连一声叹息也没有留下。如今他的坟茔就匍匐在豆青山的荒草丛中,好安静啊。

(取材于许俊文《节气》,有删改)

  1. (1) 下列对文章的理解与分析,不恰当的两项是( )
    A . 作者在文章开头慨叹节气的转换难以阻止,结尾处又写道祖父悄无声息地离开人间。全文笼罩着浓郁的悲凉。 B . 作者对惊蛰、霜降这两个节气重点描述,因为它们在时令的变化中体现了大自然的盛衰之道。而其他节气则略写。 C . 作者在第③段中批叛了生活在都市中的人,他们不尊重自然,只要心血来潮就会轻举妄动,做出破坏自然的事情。 D . 第⑤段中,作者描写出霜降这一节气的特点是静。人类的听觉捕捉不到风声和其他自然的声响。万物肃穆而庄严。 E . 本文通过对农村自然景物的细致描绘来表现节气,表达了作者对自然规律的认识以及愿与自然和谐相处的美好情怀。
  2. (2) 文章第一段说“一场铺天盖地的白霜便突然降临了”,而第二段又说“其实,这世界上没有什么事情是突然的”,作者这样说是否矛盾?为什么?
  3. (3) 请赏析文章第④段中画线的句子。
  4. (4) 文章在⑥⑦两段回忆了祖父的言行,其作用是什么?
取14.3g Na2CO3•XH2O溶于水配成100m L 溶液,然后逐滴滴入稀盐酸直至没有气体放出为止,用去盐酸20.0mL,并收集到1.12LCO2(标准状况)。试计算:
  1. (1) 稀盐酸物质的量浓度为 mol/L;
  2. (2) x值是
We had a tiring meeting _______ I kept falling asleep.

A . which  B . that C . where       D . during which
Fitness is important in sports but of at least _____ importance are skills.

A . fair B . reasonable C . equal D . proper
回答下列问题
  1. (1) 写出钠离子的结构示意图:
  2. (2) 写出硫原子的结构示意图:
任务型阅读。

    This was not because the woods and fields were always far away, but because they were too far from the city to permit people to make a day trip between morning and nightfall.

    He decided to turn his little school house into a dormitory for the summer holidays. Anyone who brought his sleeping bag and cooking equipment along could stay there for a very small quantity of money. The idea was a success. A few years later, the school house was much too small to hold the many young people who wanted to stay there. This was the first hostel(青年招待所).

    Today, young students and workers of every country can meet in the hostel and get to know each other. When young people arrive at the hostel, they have only to show their cards of membership in a hostel organization in their own country.

    Often, at the evening meal, a group of boys and girls from various parts of the country or world will happen to meet at the same hostel. They may put their food together and prepare a dinner with many kinds of dishes. Sometimes a program will be organized after the meal with dances, songs, or short talks followed by a question period. For this reason, a few weeks spent ‘hostelling' can be just as useful a part of one's education as classes in school.

A. In 1970, a young German school master had an idea which changed this situation.

B. People could stay in the hostel if they brought enough equipment with them.

C. One can learn a lot about other places, just by meeting people from those places.

D. As a result, a dormitory was set up in an old castle nearby.

E. For years, children in the industrial areas of Europe seldom left their cities to see the beauties of the countryside.

F. More and more young people went to the hostel for summer holidays.

G. This card will permit them to stay in a hostel all over the world for very low prices.

In order to pass the class, we need to write a paper on how we plan to apply what we will learn in class to our future professions and, (eventual), to our lives.
设△ABC的内角A,B,C所对的边分别为a,b,c若a bcosC,则△ABC的形状为(   )
A . 锐角三角形 B . 直角三角形 C . 钝角三角形 D . 不确定
People used to believe that the earth was the center of the u.
I'd appreciate        if you could turn the radio down. I'm doing my homework.

A . you B . that C . this D . it
黄钠铁矾[NaaFeb(SO4c(OH)d]具有沉淀颗粒大、沉淀速率快、容易过滤等特点.某研究小组先将某废水中Fe2+氧化为Fe3+ , 再加入Na2SO4使其生成黄钠铁矾而除去铁.为测定黄钠铁矾的组成,该小组进行了如下实验:

①称取12.125g样品,加盐酸完全溶解后,配成250.00mL溶液A.

②量取25.00mL溶液A,加入足量的KI,再用0.2500mol•L﹣1Na2S2O3溶液滴定生成的I2(反应原理为I2+2Na2S2O3=2NaI+Na2S4O6),消耗30.00mL Na2S2O3溶液至终点.

③另取50.00mL溶液A,加入足量BaCl2溶液充分反应后,过滤,将所得沉淀洗涤、干燥后,称得其质量为2.330g.

  1. (1) NaaFeb(SO4c(OH)d中a、b、c、d之间的代数关系式为
  2. (2) 通过计算确定黄钠铁矾的化学式(写出计算过程).
假如你是李华,你远在美国的笔友杰克(Jack)对中国的春节很感兴趣,他来信询问有关情况。请你给他回一封电子邮件,简单介绍春节及中国人是如何过春节的。

内容应包括如下要点:

1)春节在中国的地位……

2)春节持续的时间……

3)春节来临之前人们……

4)除夕之夜人们……

5)春节期间人们……

6)你对春节的态度……

注意:1)词数100左右;

2)可适当发挥以使行文连贯;

3)开头结尾已给出,但不计入总词数。

参考词汇:春节联欢晚会Spring Festival Gala

Dear Jack,

    Thanks for your email. I'm glad to tell you something about China's Spring Festival.

Yours,

Li Hua

中, 是以 为第三项, 为第七项的等差数列的公差, 是以 为第三项, 为第六项的等比数列的公比,则这个三角形是(   )
A . 钝角三角形 B . 锐角三角形 C . 等腰直角三角形 D . 以上都不对
His friend asked him to make a speech at a wedding r.
As an old teacher in this school, he has(目睹)the great changes that have taken place in the school.
When he arrived in that country, he found that there were few o to speak Chinese.
阅读理解。

    Many teenagers feel that the most important people in their lives are their friends.They believe that their family members, especially their parents, don't know them as well their friends do.In large families, it is often for brothers and sisters to fight with each other and then they can only go to their friends for advice.It is very important for teenagers to have one good friend or many friends.Even when they are not with their friends, they usually spend a lot of time talking among themselves on the phone.This communication is very important in children's growing up, because friend can discuss something difficult to say to their family members.

    However, parents often try to choose their children's friends for them.Some parents may even stop their children from meeting their good friends.The question of “choice” is an interesting one.Have you ever thought of the following questions?

    Who choose your friends?

    Do you choose your friends or your friends choose you?

    Have you got a good friend your parent don't like?

  1. (1) Many teenagers think their _______ know them better than their parents do.

    A . friends B . teachers C . brothers and sisters D . classmates
  2. (2) When teenagers stay alone, the usual way of communication is to _________.

    A . go to their friends B . talk with their parents C . talk with their friends on the phone D . have a discussion with their family
  3. (3) Which of the following is DIFFERENT in meaning from the sentence “Some parents may even stop their children from meeting their good friends.”?

    A . Some parents may want their children to stop to meet their good friends. B . Some parents may even ask their children to stay away from their good friends. C . Some parents may even not let their children meet their good friends. D . Some parents may even not allow their children to meet their good friends.
  4. (4) Which of the following sentences is TRUE?

    A . Parents should like everything their children enjoy. B . In all families, children can choose everything they like. C . Parents should try their best to understand their children better. D . Teenagers can only go to their friends for help.
假如你是Miss Wang,收到高一新生李华的来信,信中提到他在学习和生活上的一些困惑,请你根据以下李华遇到的困惑写一封建议信:

困惑

建议

1.高中学习科目繁多,学习内容难度较大;

1.制定学习计划:课前、课中、课后;

2.学会安排时间;

3.……

2.难以融入新的环境;

1.结交新朋友;

2.参与课外活动;

3.……

注意:1)词数80左右;

2)可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;

3)开头与结尾已为你写好,不计入总词数。

Dear Li Hua,

    I am sorry you are having trouble in adapting to high school life.

    Best wishes.

Yours sincerely,

Miss Wang