Urbanization

Until relatively recently, the vast majority of human beings lived and died without ever seeing a city. The first city was probably founded no more than 5,500 years ago.   67．  In fact, nearly everyone lived on farms or in tiny rural villages. It was not until the 20th century that Great Britain became the first urban society in history—a society in which the majority of people live in cities and do not farm for a living.

     Britain was only the beginning. 68．  The process of urbanization—the migration of people from the countryside to the city—was the result of modernization, which has rapidly transformed how people live and where they live.

In 1990, fewer than 40% of Americans lived in urban areas. Today, over 82% of Americans live in cities.

Only about 2% live on farms.  69． 

Large cities were impossible until agriculture became industrialized. Even in advanced agricultural societies, it took about ninety-five people on farms to feed five people in cities.  70． Until modern times, those living in cities were mainly the ruling elite(精英) and the servants, laborers and professionals who served them. Cities survived by taxing farmers and were limited in size by the amount of surplus food that the rural population produced and by the ability to move this surplus from farm to city.

Over the past two centuries, the Industrial Revolution has broken this balance between the city and the country. 71．  Today, instead of needing ninety-five farmers to feed five city people, one American farmer is able to feed more than a hundred non-farmers.

A. That kept cities very small.

B. The rest live in small towns.

C. The effects of urban living on people should be considered.

D. Soon many other industrial nations become urban societies.

E. But even 200 years ago, only a few people could live in cities.

F. Modernization drew people to the cities and made farmers more productive.

G. Modern cities have destroyed social relations and the health of human beings.

 ---With the country’s pension fund gap becoming wider than ever, retirement age should be postponed immediately.

---Easier said than done.          we take all factors into account, we shall be faced with some other social problems.

A. Unless             B. Until     C. When                D. Once

Fun day

To celebrate the Year of the Snake

Organized by Lam Tin Youth Centre and Kwun Tong High school

Date：2 February 2013

Time：10 am – 5 pm

Place：Kwn Tong Playground

Fee: $ 20 (buy three get one free)

Programmes：drama, lion dance, magic show and ballet performance

Highlights: 1) enter the lucky draw to win a digital camera

          2) learn to make festival food

John us on the Fun day!

All are welcome!

Note:

★Tickets are available at the General Office of Lam Tin Youth Centre.

★For those who would like to be a volunteer, please contact Miss Olivia Wong one week before

  the activity.

21. What you have just read is a          .

    A. note         B. report           C. schedule     D. poster

22. What is going to take place on 2 February, 2013?

    A. A big event to welcome a Chinese new year.  

    B. A social gathering to raise money for wildlife.

    C. A party for close friends to meet and have fun.

    D. A meeting of Kwun Tong High School students.

23. Which of the following statements is true?

    A. Tickets are sold in Kwun Tong High School.

    B. It’s unnecessary to take soft drinks with you.

    C. Free digital cameras are provided for everybody.

    D. Festival food will be served without extra charge.

The film Goodbye Mr Loser(《夏洛特烦恼》)has neither a team of shining stars nor a money-consuming publicity campaign to appeal to numerous moviegoers. But __61__ it does have is a bunch of middle-aged actors and actresses pretending to be high school students. Yet _62_ is amazing that the film is funny enough to earn it belly laughs from beginning to end.

The movie, just __63_ the title indicates, is about a small fry named Xia Luo, who is merely _64_ loser. He’s down and out with no job, and he lives with his wife in a crowded apartment .In a dream, Xia relives his life with everything he ever wanted. But at last he realizes that what he _65_ (true) misses is his ordinary life.

The movie is adapted _66_ a theater play of the same title produced by Mahua FunAge (开心麻花). The company set out _67_ (stage) its first amusing plays, known as “grassroots theater”, in 2003. Up to now, the company   68  (produce) 21 plays and built a considerable fan base.

The popularity of these plays and the recent hit, according to critics, reflects a trend of the public’s increasingly mature and diverse taste in cinema. Previous __69__ (success) include A Hero or Not (《煎饼侠》）, __70__ (release) this summer by Dong Chengpeng, and Crazy Stone by Ning Hao.

    假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧)，并在其下面写上该加的词。

删除E多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。

注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

     2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

    The giggest personal change I've ever made is that I have fallen in love

reading.When I was a children,I was tired of books and I didn't enjoy read at all.However,my teachers asked us the students to read more and my parents always bought me books and read interested stories for me.Gradual I began to love reading.While reading,I now feel like talking with a wise mman I make friends with much good books.Readng was also a way to pass my free time.

  I have learned a lot from reading but I will read good books all your life.

People aren’t walking any more——if they can figure out a way to avoid it.

I felt superior about this matter until the other day I took my car to mail a small parcel. The journey is a matter of 281 steps. But I used the car. And I wasn’t in any hurry, either. I had merely become one more victim of a national sickness: motorosis.

It is an illness to which I had thought myself immune ,for I was born in the tradition of going to places on my own two legs. At that time, we regarded 25 miles as good day's walk and the ability to cover such

 a distance in ten hours as sign of strength and skill. It did not occur to us that walking was a hardship. And the effect was lasting. When I was 45 years old I raced ——and beat——a teenage football player the 168 steps up the Stature of Liberty.

Such enterprises today are regarded by many middle-aged persons as bad for the heart. But a well-known British physician, Sir Adolphe Abrahams, pointed out recently that hearts and bodies need proper exercise. A person who avoids exercise is more likely to have illnesses than one who exercises regularly. And walking is an ideal form of exercise-the most familiar and natural of all.

It was Henry Thoreau who showed mankind the richness of going on foot. The man walking can learn the trees, flower, insects, birds and animals, the significance of seasons, the very feel of himself as a living creature in a living world. He cannot learn in a car.

The car is a convenient means of transport, but we have made it our way of life. Many people don’t dare to approach Nature any more; to them the world they were born to enjoy is all threat. To them security is a steel-river thundering on a concrete road. And much of their thinking takes place while waiting for the traffic light to turn green.

I say that the green of forests is the mind's best light. And none but the man on foot can evaluate what is basic and everlasting.

21．What is the national sickness?

A．Walking too much.   

B．Traveling too much.

C．Driving cars too much. 

D．Climbing stairs too much.

22．What was life like when the author was young?

A．People usually went around on foot.

B．People often walked 25 miles a day.

C．People used to climb the Statue of Liberty.

D．People considered a ten-hour walk as a hardship.

23．The author mentions Henry Thoreau to prove that    ．

A．middle-aged people like getting back to nature

B．walking in nature helps enrich one’s mind

C．people need regular exercise to keep fit

D．going on foot prevents heart disease

24．What is compared to “a steel river” in Paragraph 6?

A．A queue of cars.  

B．A ray of traffic light.

C．A flash of lightning.

D．A stream of people.

The government of Norway is planning to build an unusual storage center on an island in the Arctic Ocean. The place would be large enough to hold about two million seeds. The goal is to present all crops known to scientists. The British magazine New Scientist published details of the plan last month. The structure will be designed to protect the world’s food supply against nuclear war, climate change and other possible threats. It will be built in a mountain on the Norwegian island of Spitsbergen. The mountain is less than one thousand kilometers from the North Pole, the northernmost position on earth.
      An international group called the Global Crop Diversity Trust is working on the project. The director of the group, Cary Fowler, spoke to New Scientist. He said the project would let the world rebuild agriculture if, in his word, “the worst came to the worst”. Norway is expected to start work next year. The project is expected to cost three million dollars. Workers will drill（钻孔） deep in the side of a sandstone mountain. Temperatures in the area never rise above 0ºC. The seeds will be protected behind walls a meter thick and high-security door.
     The magazine report says the collection will represent the products of ten thousand years of farming. Most of the seeds at first will come from collections at seed banks in Africa, Asia and Latin America. To last a long time, seeds need to be kept in very low temperatures. Workers will not be present all the time. But they plan to replace the air inside the storage space each winter. Winter temperatures on the island are about eighteen degrees below 0ºC. The cold weather would protect the seeds even if the air could not be replaced.

  Mr. Fowler says the proposed structure will be the world’s safest gene bank. He says the plant seeds would only be used when all other seeds are gone for some reason. Norway first put forward the idea in the 1980s. But safety concerns delayed the plan. At that time, the Soviet Union was meeting in Rome of the Food and Agriculture Organization.
32．The project is meant to ______.
    A．increase the world’s food output in the future 
    B．carry out some scientific experiments on plant genes 
    C．build an exhibition centre of the world’s plant seeds 
    D．protect crop seeds from dying out in case of possible disasters
33．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the above passage?
    A．The government of Norway will perform the project alone. 
    B．Seeds to be collected there were produced ten thousand years ago. 
    C．Spitsbergen is chosen because it is free of the nuclear war forever. 
    D．Temperature is a major consideration when choosing the storage place.
34．We can infer from the text that _______.
    A．Norway had meant to build the storage centre about 20 years before.   

B．The storage center will greatly promote world agriculture 
    C．People will get newly-developed seeds from the center every year.
    D．There haven’t been any seed storage centers in the world before.

35．What is probably the best title of the passage? 
    A．The Best Place to Store Seeds     
    B．Noah’s Ark（诺亚方舟）of Plant Seeds in Plan
    C．Concerns of World Food Supply   
    D．A New Way to Feed the World

Most people report that they do not usually feel confident. But exciting things can happen when we actually believe in ourselves. Here is a man who believed in his own ability even as a boy, and that confidence helped shape his adult life.

At the turn of the last century, a young boy quit school to help with the family expenses. When he was fifteen, he became interested in automobiles（汽车） and worked in a garage. He subscribed to a correspondence home study course on automobiles and, after a long day in the garage, studied at the kitchen table by lamplight.

When he felt ready, he walked into the Frayer-Miller Automobile Company of Columbus, Ohio. When Mr. Frayer noticed him, he asked, “Well, what do you want?”

“I just thought I’d tell you I’m coming to work here tomorrow morning,” the boy replied. 

“Oh! Who hired you?”

“Nobody yet, but I’ll be on the job in the morning. If I’m not worth anything, you can fire me.”

Early the next morning the young man returned to the plant. Noticing the floor was thick with metal shavings and accumulated dirt, the boy got a broom and set out to clean the place.

Because of his self-confidence and work ethic, the boy’s future was predictable. He went on to stand out in many fields, including automobile racing, piloting World War I planes and founding what was to become one of America’s largest airline companies — Eastern Airlines.

People who become more confident habitually encourage themselves. Without confidence, we are not likely to move far in the direction of our dreams. But become our own best friend and almost anything will be possible. It is important that we always believe in ourselves. In order to reach victory, we must believe in ourselves even when we make mistakes and fall short.

32. How did the boy learn knowledge concerning automobiles?

A. He attended school in the daytime.       B. He studied hard at home.

C. He read books in the garage where he worked.

D. He turned to some instructors for help.

33. We can learn from the boy’s words that _________.

A. he believed in himself     B. he looked down upon others

C. he was very generous     D. he wanted to show off his competence

34. Due to his efforts and confidence, the man _____.

A. made World War I planes      B. learned much knowledge in a garage

C. achieved everything in his life   D. set up the Eastern Airlines

35. What is the purpose of the passage?

A. To inspire us with self-confidence.    B. To tell us an interesting story.

C. To inspire us to work hard.  D To stress the importance of realizing our dream

 Recently, there is ____ boom（繁荣）in population mobility and according to ____ national population survey of 2004, 17 percent of the population move every year.

      A. the; a      B. a; the      C. /; a        D. the;/

Algae(水藻) are very simple plants． They grow in fresh water or salty water． Seaweed is algae that grow in salty water． Seaweed is red or brown in color． The Japanese people use these plants from the sea in many ways． From it, they make a food called Kombu． Kombu is seaweed that has been dried, cooked and pressed together． Then it is dried again and cut into long pieces． The Japanese eat a lot of Kombu and like it very much．

Japanese farmers often use seaweed as fertilizer． It makes their plants grow better． Many farmers also find seaweed makes a fine food for their animals．

From seaweed the Japanese also get iodine(碘), which they sell to other countries． Iodine is used in many ways all over the worlD． It is used in making medicine． It is added to the salt we use at the table． Scientists even use one form of iodine to “ seed clouds” when they want rain to fall．

21．Kombu is a kind of ____ according to the text．

A． plant

B． medicine

C． food

D． fertilizer

22．In the last sentence of the text, “seed clouds” means ____．

A． clouds spreading like seeds

B． the seeds like clouds

C． to make rain fall with human power

D． dropping seeds by clouds

23．The main idea of the story is that ____．

A． The Japanese eat seaweed when they want rain to fall．

B． Kombu is made into medicine for farmers．

C． The Japanese use seaweed in many ways．

D． The Japanese eat a lot of Kombu．

Finding time to read is an important part of developing reading and writing skills for all kids. And there are many easy and convenient ways to make reading a part of each day — even when it's tough to find time to sit down with a book.

Car trips, waits in checkout lines and the doctor's office are all opportunities for reading. Keep books or magazines in your car, or backpack to pull out whenever you're going to be in one place for a while. Even if you can't finish a book, read a few pages or discuss some of the pictures.

Encourage kids to bring favorite books and magazines along wherever you go. While it's attractive to provide electronic games and readers, be sure to alternate electronic media with plenty of opportunities to read traditional print books.

Reading opportunities are everywhere you go. While riding in the car, for example, encourage kids to spot words and letters (on billboards, store signs, etc.), turning it into a game (“Who’ll be the first to find a letter B?”).

Even daily tasks like cooking can provide reading moments. Kids can assist you as you cook by telling you how much flour to measure. Give your child a catalogue to read while you sort through the mail. Ask relatives to send your child letters, e-mail, or text messages, and read them together. Help your child create letters or messages to send back to the relatives. These types of activities help kids see the purpose of reading and of print.

Even when you’re trying to get things done, you can encourage reading. While cleaning, for instance, you might ask your child to read a favorite book to you while you work.

Make sure kids get some time to spend quietly with books, even if it means cutting back on other activities, like watching TV or playing video games.

Most important, be a reader yourself. Kids who see their parents reading are likely to imitate them and become readers, too!

21. What do we know about kids in Paragraph 3?

A. They are suggested taking reading materials only.

B. They can’t resist the desire of playing games.

C. Reading and playing games can be done by turns.

D. They are forbidden to play electronic games.

22. How does the author advise kids to keep in touch with relatives?

A. Make written communication.

B. Make a dialogue with each other.

C. Learn skills from them.

D. Read a catalogue together.

23. What can we learn from the last paragraph?

A. The longest journey begins with the first step.

B. God helps those who help themselves.

C. Detail is the key to success.

D. A fine example has boundless power.

24. What may be the best title for the text?

A. Reading approaches

B. Finding reading moments

C. Encouraging kids to read

D. What reading means to kids

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

As we all know, everyone have a dream. I have dreamed of being a doctor since I entered into the primary school. Nowadays with modern life go rapidly, many people suffer from different kind of diseases, both mentally and physically. As a result, doctors are in great need at home and abroad. My dream is to become successful doctor, helping to save people's lives. Although to be a good doctor was very difficult, I will do whatever I can to keep everyone health. To make my dream come true, I have told me over and over again that I'll concentrate more to studies. After all, only by working hardly can one succeed.

1. 我正在做作业,这时电话铃响了。(be doing...when)

　         　　　  　　　my homework 　　　the telephone rang. 

2. 毫无疑问,你的成功来自于辛勤的劳动。(There be...doubt...)

　           　　　  　　　 　　　 　　　your success has resulted from your hard work. 

3. 去把你的大衣取来,就在你放的地方。(where 引导表语从句)

Go and get your coat. It’s 　　　   　　　  　　　it. 

4. 我们非常需要援助,这一点你可以想象。(as )

We are, 　　　 　　　 　　　 　　　,very much in need of help. 

5. 正是这位老人的智慧帮助解决了这个问题。(强调句)

　          　　　the old man’s wisdom 　　　helped solve the problem. 

My ears are recently full of joyous remarks from my friends such as, “Oh, Beckham is so handsome, so cool, that I can’t help falling in love with him!” or “What perfect skills he has!” Yeah, I agree _____  some degree, though I sometimes do want to ask them how much they _____ Beckham, apart from his appearance and how much they know about football_____  scoring goals. It seems funny that we are crazy for things, with which we are unfamiliar or  _____ we are uncertain, but we all, my friends _____  I, consider this  _____ .

We need these pleasures to brighten up our lives. But that doesn’t amount to craziness  _____  nonsense. As an old saying  _____ :“Don’t judge a book by its cover.” We should not _____  anything from its appearance. We should all know, it is one’s good character and great contribution that  _____ one a star and unforgettable. Therefore we’d better say _____  about Beckham’s good looks.

If we close our eyes, _____ in deep thought, we can find that the things  _____  us to be in truth happy, sad or moved  _____ a clear meaning. If we don’t go deeper and just satisfied with superficial things, _____  we will find that we have not really gained anything _____ our first impression has blinded and misled us, and we’ll remain ignorant  _____  we realize that and make some changes.

It is believed that thinking and going deeper than before is sign of great _____ .If one day we are willing to go deeper into everything, no matter how much it  _____ us, we will finally prove how much we have grown up, how much more sensible, mature, and intelligent we have  _____ .

41．A. to           B. on         C. in           D. at

42．A. learn   from B. learn      C. know         D. know about

43．A. rather  than B. except for C. except       D. apart from

44．A. with   which B. about that C. about which  D. which

45．A. not          B. as well as C. rather than  D. but

46．A. one of life’s pleasures B. pleasures of life C. one of life’s sorrow D one of life’s

47．A. nor          B. and        C. or           D. or else

48．A. speak        B. talks      C. tells        D. goess

49．A. take         B. judge      C. accept       D. conclude

50．A. makes       B. causes     C. builds       D. creates

51．A. more        B. much       C. worse        D. less

52．A. fell        B. fallen     C. falling      D. fall

53．A. that  move  B. that moves C. move         D. moves

54．A. lack        B. have       C. include      D. cover

55．A. in   fact   B. indeed     C.in a while    D. sooner or later

56．A. so          B. even thoughC. because      D. although

57．A. even if     B. although   C. unless       D. if

58．A. joy         B. progress   C. effort       D. work

59．A. cares       B. pains      C. worries      D. minds

60．A. come        B. made       C. had          D. become

Music is an international language. The songs that are sung or played by instruments（乐器） are beautiful to all people everywhere.

Popular music in America is what every student likes. Students carry small radios（收音机） with earphones and listen to music before class, after class and at lunch. Students with cars buy large speakers (扬声器) and play the music loudly as they drive on the street.

Adult drivers listen to music on the car radio as they drive to work. They also listen to the news about sports, the weather, politics(政治), and activities of the American people. But most of the radio broadcast(广播) is music.

Pop or popular music singers make much money. They make a CD or tape which radio stations use in every state. Once the popular singer is heard throughout the country, young people buy his or her tapes. Some of the money from these tapes comes to the singer. Wherever the singer goes, all the young people want to meet him or her. Now the singer has become a national star.

Besides pop music, there are two other kinds of music that is important to Americans. One is called folk music. It tells stories about the common（平凡的）life of Americans. The other is called western or country music. This was started by cowboys who would sing at night to the cows they were watching. Today, any music about country life and the love between a country boy and his girl is called western or country music.

28．In America, every student likes ______.

A. folk music  B. country music

C. pop music   D. western music

29．According to the passage, most of the car radio broadcast is ______.

A. sports   B. the weather   C. politics  D. music

30．How many kinds of music are mentioned(提到) in the passage?

A. Three.   B. Four.     C. Five.   D. Six.

31．What’s the best title of the passage?

A. Music in America       B. Music Listeners

C. Cowboys in America     D. International Language

It is the third time that she has won the race, ______ has surprised us all．

A．that       B．where           C．which            D．what

 Joe had changed so much that I could hardly________ him at first in Shanghai Expo Garden.   

A. remember      B. realize      C. recognize      D. conquer

Grandma pointed to the hospital and said, "That's ______ I was born."

A. when                           B. how                      C. why                      D. where

 I need some blue ink today but there is ________ at hand.

A. not                    B. nothing                  C. a little                     D. none

John D. Rockefeller was born in 1839 on a farm near Richford, New York, a small town in the western part of the state. He worked hard both in school and outside school and he also showed the skill and ability to produce new things, especially works of art.

Rockefeller began to look for work when he finished high school at the age of sixteen. Since the age of five, he had worked at odd jobs, such as raising turkeys or working in potato fields. Now he looked for better opportunities.

At first, Rockefeller worked in an office, where he was successful and where he learned a great deal about business. But he wanted to go into business for himself. So he and a friend formed a partner­ship to buy and sell grain, hay, and other farm products.

The business was successful, but Rockefel­ler decided to go into the new oil industry. He formed his own company so that he could make free use of his skill and imagination in business.

The company Rockefeller started became the Standard Oil Company. It took the oil from wells and refined it, that is, changed it into products such as kerosene (煤油) and grease (油脂).

Rockefeller’s business grew until it was worth millions of dollars. Almost everyone who bought oil products had to buy them from the Standard Oil Company. Finally, the government and the courts ordered the Standard Oil Company to be divided up to give other oil companies a chance.

John D. Rockefeller earned a great fortune and he gave away much money. By the time of his death, Rockefeller had created a special fund of money to be used to improve health and education and another fund to improve “the well-being of mankind throughout the world.” During his life­time, Rockefeller had gained almost one billion dollars; he gave away about half of it. But Rockefeller's personal life was fairly frugal.

71. What kind of boys was Rockefeller when he was young? (No more than 7 words)

72. Why did Rockefel­ler decide to go into the new oil industry? (No more than 10 words)

73. What policy did the government and the courts give to the Standard Oil Company? (No more than 15 words)

74. What is the meaning of the underlined part in the last Paragraph? (No more than 5 words)

75. How does Rockefeller’s story inspire you to deal with money when you become rich? Put it in your own words. (No more than 20 words)