题目

阅读下面短文和问题，在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。 Why do you pull yourself out of bed every morning to go to work or school? What does it take to make you feel like your contribution in those places is truly worthwhile? Knowing what motivates you can help you find meaning in your work and make efforts to reach your goals. Psychologists have a wide variety of ways of describing and differentiating motivations because people care about so many different things. Psychologist David McClelland identified three main motivations for people: achievement (the feeling of success), affiliation (close relationships) and power (the ability to influence the world). Authors Adrian Gostick and Chester Elton identified 23 motivations, including creativity, challenge and learning. Some motivations, such as money, social position and praise, are external; these are the tools bosses typically use to encourage their employees to do better. Other motivations, including fun, personal growth and feeling like one's work is significant, come from within the person doing the action. These ideals, called internal motivations, tend to be more reliable than external ones because they represent things that can never be taken away. Since a wide variety of motivations exist, it's important to understand which ones are persuasive to you. Trying to motivate yourself in a way that doesn't appeal to you will make it difficult to convince yourself to work. When choosing a career, think about what motivates you and make decisions accordingly. If you are motivated by overcoming challenges, look for a career where you can continually try hard to reach a higher level. People motivated by external rewards sometimes struggle to meet goals they set for themselves that no one else knows about. They can solve this problem by creating external rewards for their personal goals such as finding a friend to hold them accountable. When you know what motivates you, you will be able to motivate yourself to do the things necessary to succeed. And if you are a leader, knowing what motivates your team will enable you to help them do the same. （1） Why is it important for people to be clear of their motivations? （2） How can the motivations be classified according to McClelland? （3） Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Since the external motivations involve money, social position and praise, which are often used as tools by bosses, they are more dependable than the internal ones. （4） Please briefly present what motivates you in your life and how it works. (about 40 words) 答案： Because knowing what motivates people can help them find meaning in their work and make efforts to reach their goals. He classified them into 3 main motivations: achievement, affiliation and power. Since the external motivations involve money, social position and praise, which are often used as tools by bosses, they are more dependable than the internal ones. In the text, the author points out that internal motivations tend to be more reliable than external ones because they represent things that can never be taken away. 言之有理即可

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