下文中共有10处语言错误，每句中错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

    增加： 在缺词处加一个漏字符号（/\），并在其下面写出该加的词。

    删除： 把多余的词用（\）划掉。

    修改： 在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改的词。

    注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

          2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live. Though not very big, but the restaurant is popular in our area. It is always crowded with customers at meal times. Some people even had to wait outside. My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest. Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are using for cooking. My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in the short period of time. Instead, he hopes that our business will grow steady.

Though there are about 400 languages from all over the world that are in danger of disappearing completely. Zoque-Ayapaneco, a native Mexican language, is considered the most likely to become extinct because the only two people in the world that speak it fluently do not talk to each other. It's not because they live in different countries, states or even villages. In fact, Manuel Segovia and Isidro Velazquez, both in their 70s, live within 500 yards of each other in the village of Ayapa in the Southern Mexican State of Tabasco.

They, however, refuse to communicate because they simply don’t have much in common. Segovia is apparently a little frank in nature while Velazquez is described as shy. Segovia was at least able to talk in Zoque-Ayapaneco with his brother until their father passed away about 12 years ago, and still manages to practice it with his family, especially his son Manuel, who has been trying to learn it and hopes to become fluent enough to teach it to the next generation for the last five years. Velazquez, on the other hand, has not been heard speaking the language with anybody.

It is said that the language used to be widely spoken in the village, but the younger generation shunned it for fear of being laughed at, and it therefore began to die a slow death as the elders passed away. Unless the two men get their acts together, the only way to hear the language will be to either listen to Manuel's not-so-fluent statement or see them talk in a documentary entitled "Lengua Muerta" (Dead Language) that is being filmed to capture Zoque-Ayapaneco and 364 other native Mexican languages that are in a similar state.

We surely hope Segovia and Velazquez soon find something common to talk about. Maybe the fact is that the language is dying and they should start encouraging and teaching the next generation together.

41. Segovia and Velazquez don't talk to each other because______.

A. they both are too shy                                B. they are too familiar to talk

C. they are different in personality                 D. they live in different villages

42. What do we know about Zoque-Ayapaneco?

A. It is a Southern American language.

B. It was widely used twelve years ago.

C. It will be popular in Mexico in the near future.

D. It's being learned by Manuel in the village now.

43. The underlined word "shunned" in Paragraph 4 probably means______

A. avoided                  B. favored         C. imitated           D. identified

44. From the passage, we can conclude that______

A. altogether 365 languages are becoming extinct in Mexico.

B. Segovia and Velazquez will communicate with each other soon.
C. the government cares about the protection of Zoque-Ayapaneco.
D. the film 'Lengua Muerta" is made to teach endangered languages.

45. What's the main idea of the passage?           

A. World's endangered languages are being filmed.
 B. Villagers are trying to protect their old language.
 C. An endangered language is spoken by only two people.
 D. There are a lot of languages in Mexico.

Lainey finished third grade. She had good grades and could read 41    grade level, but she did not like to read. On a family car trip, her Aunt Dede pulled out a copy of Harry Potter, as a surprise for her   42   . But Lainey took one look at it,    43  her eyes, and said, “Borrring!”

Aunt Dede, a teacher, had read the book to her students, and they loved it.   44   the youngest children in the class were    45  by the story. They   46   with great interest and then   47   joined in grand conversations about Harry`s adventures.

“How can you say it`s   48   ? Have you read it? ” asked Aunt Dede.

“No, it`s too long and it doesn`t have any   49  .” complained Lainey.

“Oh, that`s where you are    50  ;there are lots of pictures. Every page is full of pictures; you just have to read the words to    51   them. It`s like magic.”

“Nice try , Aunt Dede,”Lainey replied   52   from the back seat.

Another 53 was in order. “Well, if you don’t want to read it, give it54 .Maybe your mom would 55 hearing the story.” The book sailed through the air to Aunt Dede and she began to read it aloud. By the end of the first chapter,56 were coming from the back seat:“Please read a little57.”

Lainey is an example of an  58reader. As shown here, Lainey can become 59 about reading when 60 with literature on topics that interest her, and when the people around her model involvement in the reading process.

41.A．Within             B.on             C.to               D. above

42.A．Daughter           B.niece           C. student          D.friend

43.A．opend              B.dried           C.rolled            D.shaded

44.A．Even               B.Still            C. Just             D.Yet

45.A．surpriesd            B.annoyed        C. puzzled          D.attracted.

46.A．read                B.told            C.listened          D.wrote

47.A．suspectedly          B.anxiously        C.calmly          D.enthusiastically

48.A．amazing             B.boring          C.ridiculous        D.conversations

49.A．pictures              B.stories          C. adventures      D.conversations

50.A．crazy               B.foolish           C. wrong         D.different

51. A．see                 B. match           C.show          D.recognize

52.A．sourly               B.patiently         C. eagerly        D.shyly

53.A．idea                 B.try              C.belief         D.behavior

54.A．away                 B.out             C.in            D.back

55.A．enjoy                 B.admit           C. mind         D.finish

56.A．decisions               B. requests       C.comments      D.promises

57.A. more clearly              B.longer           C. louder          D.more carefully
58.A. unpleasant               B. innocent          C.unwilling        D.independent 
59.A.astonished                 B.worried           C. confused        D.excited
60.A. presented                 B. concerned        C.disturbed         D.replaced

   Since the nineteen nineties, education has been required for all South Africans from age seven to fifteen. Last December, the government announced that seventy percent of students passed their final examination to finish high school. In 2008 the passage rate was about sixty-three percent. There have been increases each year since then.

   Professor Shireen Motala at the University of Johannesburg says access to basic education is no longer the problem in South Africa. She says most children stay in school until they are about sixteen. The problem now, she says, is that large numbers of them leave without completing high school. Students take an examination known as the matric in grade twelve, their final or "matriculation" year. Professor Motala notes that less than half the children who started school in 2000 sat for the matric last year.

   Educational researchers also point to another problem. They say South African schools do not produce enough students with the skills for higher education in math and science. Many schools are not well - equipped. They do not have libraries at school. Ninety - two percent of the schools do not have libraries.

   Also, education specialists say in many cases, teachers and school principals do not have the skills or training to do their jobs. In other cases, they are simply not doing their duty to provide an education. Professor Motala says a number of teachers were poorly trained during the system of apartheid(种族隔离), or racial separation in South Africa. Apartheid ended in 1994.

   Secondly, she says, teachers have been confused by the many educational reform efforts in the last fifteen years. And, finally, she thinks language differences in the classroom have not gotten as much attention as they should.

 South Africa's minister of basic education promises a number of improvements.
29.How was thepassage rate in 2008?
A. uncertain          B. just so-so     C. high      D.low
30.What's the Motala's attitude towards the basic education for students in South Africa?
A.Confident.   B.Hopeless.    C.Negative.    D.Worried.
31.From the passage we know the matric is ________.
A.an examination difficult for students to pass
B.an examination for students in grade twelve
C.the number of students leaving school
D.the number of students taking exams
32.Students in South Africa find it hard to get improved in math and science because ________.
A.they drop out of school without finishing high school
B.teachers don't have the abilities to teach them
C.most schools can not provide enough equipment
D.there aren't such subjects in most schools

Ways to Help Solve Plastic Bags Pollution

It takes self-discipline(自律) to solve water pollution, air pollution and soil pollution caused by plastic bags. The answer is not only about government campaigns or organizations. ___36____ Here are very simple and effortless things you can do to help solve plastic bags pollution.

___37___ If possible, do not use any plastic bags any more. It may be difficult to do that because plastic bags are easy and light to carry. If you can limit your use until you are able to 100% keep away from them, you are helping the campaigns against bags pollution.

Use eco-friendly bags. You do not have to worry about banning plastic bags. There are environmentally friendly bags that you can use as an alternative. ___38___ That way you can say no to plastic bags even if the stores offer them.

__39___ It is also possible to recycle the used plastic bags. Instead of throwing them away, make them usable next time. It helps you to avoid getting more plastic bags in this case too. This is actually the first start on how you can totally ban the use of plastic bags.

Donate plastic bags to recycling centers. From stores to industrial companies, there are places where you can make your plastic bags recycled. You can even find some recycling centers in your community where you can donate the plastic bags you have. ___40___

A. Reuse plastic bags.

B. Ban the use of plastic bags.

C. It starts with yourself in your daily life.

D. When you go shopping, take such bags with you.

E. Even the smallest plastic bag has to be dealt with properly.

F. Instead of throwing them away, just donate them to these places to help prevent pollution.

G. Put the used plastic bags into garbage cans to avoid causing pollution to the environment.

56.  Computers will______(代替) this kind of work little by little.

57  He was ______(勇敢) in the battle(战斗).

58  His topic about stamps _________(使…感兴趣)me greatly.

59. He jumped over the fence, ran across the field, and ________（消失）into the woods.

60. The best ________（方法）to achieve this goal is to unite as many people as possible.

61. It is important to have a positive ________（态度）when we begin to work on every thing.

62. Of course these days you can also get a lot of useful ________（信息）from the Internet.

63. She was probably afraid that her father would say something else that would be ________（令人尴尬的）to her

64. The teacher begins his lesson with a ________（描述）o four school.

65. Teachers are ________（鼓励）to give students course work instead of traditional tests or examinations.

A. adequacy    B.discipline    C.missed    D.challenge    AB.accessible    AC.employ

AD.persuasive   BC.ironically   BD.unrealistically   CD.profound   ABC.eliminating111.Com]

Whether we’re buying a pair of running shoes, reading a certain book, or even selecting a life partner , everyday decisions--from the ordinary and typically unexciting to the (41)______challenges of balancing career, family, and individual needs--have become increasingly complicated due to the overwhelming(42)______of choice with which we are presented.

We assume that more choices should mean better options and greater satisfaction. But (43)______the considerable amount of choice causes people to become helpless and dissatisfied. So beware of choice overload. Beyond a certain number of choices, the law of diminishing marginal utility(边际效应) begins to take effects. Choices overload can make you (44)______ the decisions you make before you even make them, it can set you up for (45)______high expectations, and it can make you blame yourself for any and all failures.

In his beautifully-reasoned book The Paradox of Choice, Barry Schwartz explains why too much of a good thing has proven harmful to our psychological and emotional well-being. The case he makes for a correlation between our emotional state and what he calls the “the tyranny(暴政) of choice” is fairly(46)______. Schwartz illustrates well how our choices have expanded, how our demands for perfection have increased and how we suffer as a result---from regret and feelings of asking for more. He makes the counter-intuitive case that(47)______choices can greatly reduce the stress, anxiety, and busyness of our lives. In (48)______, engaging language, he offers practical steps for how to limit choices to a manageable number, have the (49)______ to focus on the important ones and ignore the rest. And if you can(50)______those approaches, ultimately you will derive greater satisfaction from the choices you do make.

The beauty of confidence is that it is possible to learn it, no matter who you are! Follow these simple steps to be confident.

Consider your strengths and success.   36    When have you helped others? What are you good at? When have you taken pride in yourselves? What are you working hard for? If you have difficulty thinking of your strengths and success, ask your family member or a close friend.

Have goals. Sitting around and doing nothing will make you feel worse. Start with a small goal.    37    You’ll get more confidence achieving a small goal. Once you’ve achieved many smaller goals, you can set bigger goals.

38     Failure is the mother of success. When you fail, view it as a learning experience. Often we have to fail on our own to gain experience. By failing, you have at least taken a chance.

Pick a role model. Pick a role model that is always confident and always learn from them. Study their action, their manners of speaking and how they communicate with others.    39    However, it’s a great place to start.

Smile. Confident people smile often, and without much reason.    40     It tells the people around you that you’re comfortable in yourself and enjoying your time.

A.      Of course you don’t want to spend your entire life copying someone else.

B.      If possible, write them down so that you can look back at them later.

C.      Start projecting a more powerful you today.

D.     Smiling is a friendly and open gesture.

E.      Otherwise, you’ll get discouraged.

F.      After reaching a goal, reward yourself.

G.     Learn from failure.

I had just visited my best friend in hospital with my mum,___41___hadn’t seen my friend since she’d gone into hospital six months earlier.

I knew where she was coming from as she was___42___(grave)ill, but as I’d been visiting her every week I had stopped seeing the obvious; my friend___43___(lose)most of her body weight and her hair was falling out, it wasn’t looking good.

After the visit I took my mum to the station____44____(see) her off on her train; the mood was understandably bleak but I stayed positive as well you do, don’t you? I went to get ___45___ (we) some coffee and my mum some food for the journey. I misread the amount of my purchase and didn’t have enough money.

___46___some reason, this was the straw that broke the came’s back; I burst into uncontrollable___47___(tear)as a massive queue was gathering behind me. A woman came up to me and offered to pay, putting an arm round my shoulder, no questions___48___(ask).

I could barely say thank you through the confusion and the flood of emotion that was pumping through me ___49___ running off in embarrassment. After composing myself I ran round the station ___50___(try)to find this kind lady to thank her properly but never did.

People began to make robots about seven hundred years ago. In the past, some of the early ones looked like animals or humans. However, they couldn’t talk and were pretty dumb. They worked like clocks and did the things over and over.

Now modern robots don’t always look like people, Some are like big machines; Others are nothing but long arms attached to boxy(箱子般四方)bodies. However, modern robots are smart. Some can solve problems on their own. Their brains are computers and their eyes are sensors(传感器).Motors(发动机) help them move.

In the future, robots will learn from their mistakes more than they do now. They will be smarter. It’s possible that we will have robot judges, robot house-hold workers and robot factory workers. Robots will help people to do more things.

12.How long is the history of robots?

A. seven hundred years   B. six hundreds of years

 C. Eight hundreds years  D. we don’t know

13.Most robots look like people______________

A. In the future                   B. Now

C. In the past                          D. All the time

14.Which of the following is not true about modern robots?

A. Some robots can solve problems on their own

B. Some robots are like big machines.

C. Some robots’ brains are sensors.

D. Modern robots are smart.

15.What can’t robots do in the future according to the passage.

A .They can help people do housework.

B. They can work in factory.

C. They can have brains as people.

D. They can be judges

        , we can take some measures to minimize the losses.

A. As earthquakes are difficult to be predicted

B. As earthquakes are difficult to predict

C. Difficult as earthquakes are to predicted

D. Difficult as earthquakes are to predict

If we had clones, we would give people a chance. If there was a couple who couldn’t have a child but wanted one, they could clone the father or mother and have a clone baby. It gives people life. It’s a step forward in technology, so why can’t we clone? We’ve done so many things, like find cures for harmful diseases, so why can’t we clone?

—Posted by: Lexnom

Cloning people can bring upon the end of the world because with too many people on the earth we will run out of natural resources. Clones can steal the identity of the original organism. Clones can be used to commit crimes. Cloning is dangerous and should not be done, it is bad!

      —Posted by: Erayn

Cloning is wrong. Imagine that you, a fully functioning human being, as born in this world as nothing more than an organ farm. People think using clones for organs is ok, but would you like to be created only to get your kidney cut out? No. How is doing medical experiments on a clone any different than doing it to people? A clone is a person, a copy of one.

—Posted by: Bradley

The world is overpopulated as it is. To put it simply, the world already has problems with hunger, thirst, and providing the basic needs for life in a large portion （部分）of the world. There really is not a valid benefit to this. If anything, it is creating another life/person that could potentially have a horrible life and be treated very poorly.

—Posted by: Angela

32. Lexnom support the idea of cloning because _______.

A. infertile couples will be able to have their own biological children

B. some patients can replace their ill-functioned organs with cloned ones

C. it’s interesting to see someone with the same DNA as you but acts differently

D. we can clone intelligent people to promote the advance of technology

33. Who is worried that cloning will put an end to the world ?

A. Lexnom.  B. Erayn.   C. Bradley.     D. Angela.

34. Which of the following is NOT a shortcoming of cloning?

   A. A clone could live a miserable （痛苦的） life.

B. Clones can be used to break the law.

C. Clones can help consume natural resources.

D. Cloning makes it possible to cure some diseases.

35. What is the best title of this passage?

A. Should We Clone Humans

B. Cloning for Medical Treatment

C. Cloning Is Risky

D. Creating Your Twins

When I entered Berkeley, I hoped to earn a scholarship. Having been a Straight A student, I believed I could   16   tough subjects and really learn something. One such course was World Literature given by Professor Jayne. I was extremely interested in the ideas he     17    in class.

When I took the first exam, I was   18  to find a 77, C plus, on my test paper,     19   English was my best subject. I went to Professor Jayne, who listened to my arguments but remained   20  .

 I decided to try harder, although I didn't know what that   21    because school had always been easy for me. I read the books more carefully, but got another 77. Again, I    22   with Professor Jayne. Again, he listened patiently but wouldn't change his  23   .

 One more test before the final exam. One more  24     to improve my grade. So I redoubled my efforts and, for the first time,   25   the meaning of the word "thorough". But my   26  did no good and everything  27  as before.

 The last hurdle(障碍) was the final. No matter what   28  I got, it wouldn't cancel three C pluses. I might as well kiss the   29  goodbye.

 I stopped working hard. I felt I knew the course material as well as I ever would. The night before the final, I even  30   myself to a movie. The next day I decided for once I'd have   31    with a test.

 A week later, I was surprised to find I got an A. I hurried into Professor Jayne's office. He  32     to be expecting me. "If I had given you the grade as you   33    , you wouldn't continue to work as hard."

 I stared at him,   34     that his analysis and strategy were   35   . I had worked my head off, as I had never done before.

I've always remembered Professor Jayne's lesson: you alone must set your own standard of excellence.

16. A. take                          B. defend                      C. cover                       D. get

17. A. attended                    B. presented                  C. exchanged                D. obtained

18. A. shocked                    B. worried                    C. competitive               D. anxious

19. A. but                           B. so                            C. for                           D. or

20. A. unchanged                B. unpleasant                 C. unfriendly                 D. unmoved

21. A. suited                       B. meant                       C. improved                  D. affected

22. A. quarreled                  B. reasoned                   C. bargained                  D. chatted

23. A. attitude                     B. mind                        C. plan                          D. view

24. A. choice                      B. step                          C. chance                     D. measure

25. A. memorized                B. considered                C. accepted                   D. learned

26. A. ambition                   B. confidence                C. effort                       D. method

27. A. played                      B. went                        C. worked                     D. changed

28. A. grade                        B. answer                     C. lesson                       D. comment

29. A. scholarship               B. course                      C. degree                      D. subject

30. A. helped                      B. favored                     C. treated                      D. relaxed

31. A. fun                           B. luck                         C. problems                  D. tricks

32. A. happened                  B. proved                      C. pretended                  D. seemed

33. A. valued                      B. imagined                   C. expected                   D. welcomed

34. A. remembering             B. guessing                   C. supposing                 D. realizing

35. A. fair                           B. unfair                       C. false                         D. correct

Q&A

Question: I have recently got a senior position within my company. One of my new tasks is to make monthly progress reports on my department in front of other senior officials. During my first meeting, I presented and then opened the floor to questions.     26    My first reaction was to answer defensively. Later, I realized that I shouldn’t have felt that way. But how can I keep cool and effectively answer questions in this type of settings?

Answer: Congratulations on your new position! Presenting in front of your colleagues is a hard task in itself, and it becomes much more difficult when a question-and-answer period is required. Question-and-answer periods are a great way to clarify the message and strengthen key points.   27   

●   28 

When a person is asking a question, show interest and a desire to understand the question by listening and asking for clarification.

●Buy time.

When facing a hard question, most people can’t give an answer immediately. Buy time by repeating the question in your own words.   29  .These techniques allow you to quickly organize your thoughts as well as to make sure you will be correctly answering the question.

●Suggest a private meeting.

A one-on-one meeting is a calmer setting than speaking in front of your colleagues.  30 

A. Show your true interest.

B. Restate the question with respect.

C. Some ideas can be quite concrete.

D. There were many difficult questions.

E. It can also be more effective in exchanging ideas.

F. You may also ask for clarification on the question.

G. Here are some ideas that can help you prepare for your next meeting.

假设你是某中学英文报Talks with Jamie专栏的编辑Jamie，收到一封署名为Worried的求

助信。信中该名高中生诉说了自己的困扰：近日学习压力大，作业多，不得不熬夜。请根据以下内容用英文给该学生回信并提供建议。

内容要点：

1. 表示理解并给予安慰；

2. 指出经常熬夜的危害；

3. 给出你的建议。

注意：

1. 词数120左右；

2. 开头与格式已为你写好，不计入总词数。

Hi, Worried,

    I’m sorry to know that you’re having such a bad time at the moment. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

                                                                            Jamie

Speed-reading is a necessary skill in the Internet age. We skim over articles, e-mails and We Chat to try to grasp key words and the essential meaning of a certain text. Surrounded with information from our electronic devices, it would be impossible to cope if we read word by word, line by line. But a new trend calls on people to unplug and enjoy reading slowly, listing benefits beyond the intelligent stimulation.

A recent story from The Wall Street Journal reported on a book club in Wellington, New Zealand, where members meet in a cafe and turn off their smart phones. They sink into comfortable chairs and read in silence for an hour. Unlike traditional book clubs, the point of the slow reading club isn't exchanging ideas about a certain book, but to get away from electronic devices and read in a quiet, relaxed environment. According to the Journal, the Wellington book club is just one example of a movement started by book lovers who miss the old-fashioned way of reading before the Internet and smart phones.

Slow readers, such as The Atlantic's Maura Kelly, say a regular reading habit sharpens the mind, improves concentration, reduces stress levels and deepens the ability to sympathize(共鸣，同感). Another study published last year in Science showed that reading novels helps people understand other's mental states and beliefs, a fundamental skill in building relationships. Yet technology has made us less attentive readers. Screens have changed our reading patterns from the staight and information left-to-right sequence to a wild skimming and skipping pattern as we hunt for important words and information. Reading text punctuated(加标点符号)with links leads to weaker comprehension than reading plain text. The Internet may have made us stupider, says Patrick Kingsley from The Guardian. Because of the Internet, he says, we have become very good at collecting a wide range of interesting news, but we are also gradually forgetting how to sit back, reflect, and relate all these facts to each other.

Slow reading means a return to an uninterrupted, straight pattern, in a quiet environment free of distractions. Aim for 30 minutes a day, advises Kelly from The Atlantic. “You can squeeze in that half hour pretty easily if only during your free moments, you pick up a meaningful work of literature,” Kelly said. “Reach for your e-reader, if you like．Kindles make books like War and Peace less heavy, not less substantive, and also ensure you'll never lose your place.”

24. The book club in Wellington mentioned in Paragraph 2 shows____________.

A. the new trend of slow reading   B. the decline of electronic devices

C. the importance of exchanging ideas   D. the increasing number of club readers

25. According to Patrick Kingsley, people are stupider partly because of_____________.

A. a non-stop reading pattern         B. the straight, left-to-right screen

C. wide range of interesting news     D. the lack of reflection 111.Com]

26. According to the passage, slow reading___________.

A. contributes to understanding among people

B. promotes the current technology advances

C. provides people with a quiet environment

D. cures the memory loss of elderly people

27. What's the best title for the passage?

A. Benefit of Reading Clubs          B. Return of Slow Reading

C. Reading of the Internet Age         D. Influence of Speed Reading

As you grow older, you’ll be faced with some challenging decisions—like whether to cut class or try cigarettes. Making decisions on your own is hard enough, but when other people get involved and try to pressure you one way or another it can be even harder. People who are your age, like your classmates, are called peers. When they try to influence how you act, to get you to do something, it’s called peer pressure.

Peers can have a positive influence on each other. Maybe another student in your science class taught you an easy way to remember the planets in the solar system. Maybe you got others excited about your new favorite book, and now everyone’s reading it. These are examples of how peers positively influence each other.

Sometimes peers influence each other in negative ways. For example, a few kids in school might try to get you to cut class with them; your soccer friend might try to convince you to be mean to another player and never pass him the ball.

It is tough to be the only one who says “no” to peer pressure, but you can do it. Paying attention to your own feelings and beliefs about what is right and wrong can help you know the right thing to do.

You’ve probably had a parent or teacher advising you to “choose your friends wisely.” Peer pressure is a big reason why they say this. If you choose friends who don’t cut class, smoke cigarettes, or lie to their parents, then you probably won’t do these things either, even if other kids do.

If you continue to face peer pressure and you’re finding it difficult to handle, talk to someone you trust. Don’t feel guilty if you’ve made a mistake or two.

28. For whom is the passage most probably written?

A. Students.     B. Parents.       C. Teachers.        D. Doctors.

29. In the last three paragraphs, the author mainly_____.

A. explains why friendship is so important

B. gives advice on how to deal with peer pressure

C. discusses how peers influence us

D. shows how to make more good friends

30. Which of following may help handle peer pressure?

A. Spending more time with classmates.

B. Taking up more relaxing hobbies.

C. Choosing friends with no bad habits.

D. Helping others who are in trouble.

31. What is the topic of the passage?

A. Friendship.    B. Making decisions     C. Self-confidence     D. Peer pressure

To extinguish (熄灭) different kinds of fires, several types of fire extinguishers have been invented. They must be ready for immediate use when fire breaks out. Most portable (手提式的) kinds operate for less than a minute, so they are useful only on small fires. The law requires ships, trains, buses and planes to carry extinguishers.

Since fuel, oxygen and heat must be present in order for fire to exist, one or more of these things must be removed or reduced to extinguish a fire. If the heat is reduced by cooling the material below a certain temperature, the fire goes out. The cooling method is the most common way to put out a fire. Water is the best cooling material because it is low in cost and easy to get.

Another method of extinguishing fire is by cutting off the oxygen. This is usually done by covering the fire with sand, steam or some other things. A blanket may be used to cover a small fire.

A third method is called separation, which includes removing the fuel, or material easy to burn, from a fire, so that it can find no fuel.

The method that is used to put out a fire depends upon the type of fire. Fires have been grouped in three classes. Fires in wood, paper, cloth and the like are called Class A fires. These materials usually help keep the fire on. Such fires can be stopped most readily by cooling with water.

    25. If a fire breaks out on a bus, which of the follow should be ready there for you to use?

   A. Sand                 B. Water      C. A blanket.              D. An extinguisher.

    26. To cover a small piece of burning wood with a basin in order to stop the fire is an example of         .

   A. separating the fire                               B. reducing the heat

   C. removing the fuel                                D. cutting off the oxygen

    27. In choosing how to put out a fire, we should first be clear about          .

   A. when it breaks out                                B. how it comes about

   C. what kind it is                                       D. where it takes place

    28. What would the author probably discuss in the paragraph that follows?

   A. Another class of fires                                  B. Another type of extinguishers

   C. How fires break out.                             D. How fires can be prevented.

 We ________ the Ministry of Health’s efforts to reform the health care system, which helps relieve the high medical cost burdens.

A.  adapted        B. congratulated        C. applauded        D. measured

    We all face quantities of stresses in day-to-day living, whether at work, in the home, or anywhere in between.    36    Here’s how stress can help us on an everyday basis.

    ●Sharpening your memory.

    Did you ever notice that sometimes when you are stressed, your memory seems to improve? Remember that test you passed where the answers seemed to come out of nowhere?    37    It’s because of stress hormones (荷尔蒙) that increase your alertness when it’s most needed.

    ●   38   sd

    Successful employees turn stress into motivation. Have you ever noticed that you get the least amount of work done when you have the fewest deadlines? Too little stress can affect how much you actually get done. When you take risks and choose to get over the difficulty, it improves your mental toughness and self-confidence.

    ●Helping you resist the attack of illness.

       39    Believe it or not, the right kind of stress can help your body’s defenses against illness. When you get sick, stress causes you to make hormones that battle threats to your health. That burst of stress is helpful to your immune system when your body faces a threat.

    ●Making your life more interesting.

Think about some stressful situations that we consciously put ourselves in to make life more interesting and enjoyable, like asking someone out on a first date, conquering a known fear, or learning something new. These may not immediately come to mind when you think of stress because of the positive outcomes.    40    g

A. Helping you get an advantage at work.

B. Helping you get through difficult times.

C. This will happen whenever you are stressed.

D. That’s one way your brain responds to stress.

E. You need a healthy immune system to help fight off diseases.

F. But they’re the types that can help you achieve fulfillment and happiness.

G. But handled properly, stress can have many benefits for the body and mind.